UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
SCHEDULE 14A
 
Proxy Statement Pursuant to Section 14(a) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(Amendment No.   )
 
Filed by the Registrant  x
Filed by a Party other than the Registrant  ¨
 
 
Check the appropriate box:
     
¨
Preliminary Proxy Statement
   
¨
Confidential, for Use of the Commission Only (as permitted by Rule 14a-6(e)(2))
   
x
Definitive Proxy Statement
   
¨
Definitive Additional Materials
   
¨
Soliciting Material under §240.14a-12
 
Sterling Financial Corporation
(Name of Registrant as Specified In Its Charter)
 
 
(Name of Person(s) Filing Proxy Statement, if other than the Registrant)
 
Payment of Filing Fee (Check the appropriate box):
   
x
No fee required.
   
¨
Fee computed on table below per Exchange Act Rules 14a-6(i)(1) and 0-11.
     
 
(1)
Title of each class of securities to which transaction applies:
 
 
     
 
(2)
Aggregate number of securities to which transaction applies:
 
 
     
 
(3)
Per unit price or other underlying value of transaction computed pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 0-11 (set forth the amount on which the filing fee is calculated and state how it was determined):
 
 
     
 
(4)
Proposed maximum aggregate value of transaction:
 
 
     
 
(5)
Total fee paid:
     
     
     
   
¨
Fee paid previously with preliminary materials.
   
¨
Check box if any part of the fee is offset as provided by Exchange Act Rule 0-11(a)(2) and identify the filing for which the offsetting fee was paid previously. Identify the previous filing by registration statement number, or the Form or Schedule and the date of its filing.
     
 
(1)
Amount Previously Paid:
 
 
     
 
(2)
Form, Schedule or Registration Statement No.:
 
 
     
 
(3)
Filing Party:
 
 
     
 
(4)
Date Filed:
 
 
     



 
 
 

 

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Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3)
Registration No. 333-192346

Proxy Statement   Prospectus


LOGO

 


LOGO

MERGER PROPOSED—YOUR VOTE IS VERY IMPORTANT

Dear Shareholder:

         On September 11, 2013, Sterling Financial Corporation, or Sterling, and Umpqua Holdings Corporation, or Umpqua, entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (which we refer to as the "merger agreement") that provides for the combination of the two companies. Under the merger agreement, Sterling will merge with and into Umpqua, with Umpqua as the surviving corporation (which we refer to as the "merger"). The merger will result in the West Coast's largest community bank with expanded geographic reach.

         In the merger, each share of Sterling common stock (except for specified shares of Sterling common stock held by Sterling or Umpqua and any dissenting shares) will be converted into the right to receive 1.671 shares of Umpqua common stock and $2.18 in cash, without interest, (which we refer to as the "merger consideration"). Although the number of shares of Umpqua common stock that Sterling shareholders will receive is fixed, the market value of the merger consideration will fluctuate with the market price of Umpqua common stock and will not be known at the time Sterling shareholders vote on the merger. Based on the closing price of Umpqua's common stock on the NASDAQ Global Select Market on January 17, 2014, the last practicable date before the date of this document, the value of the per share merger consideration payable to holders of Sterling common stock was $32.93. We urge you to obtain current market quotations for Umpqua (trading symbol "UMPQ") and Sterling (trading symbol "STSA").

         Based on the current number of shares of Sterling common stock outstanding and reserved for issuance under employee benefit plans, Umpqua expects to issue approximately 112,458,115 million shares of common stock to Sterling shareholders in the aggregate upon completion of the merger. Based on these numbers, upon completion of the merger, current Sterling shareholders would own approximately 49.9% of the common stock of Umpqua immediately following the merger. However, any increase or decrease in the number of shares of Sterling common stock outstanding that occurs for any reason prior to the completion of the merger would cause the actual number of shares issued upon completion of the merger to change.

         Sterling and Umpqua will each hold a special meeting of their respective shareholders in connection with the merger. Sterling and Umpqua shareholders will be asked to vote to approve the merger agreement and related matters as described in the attached joint proxy statement/prospectus. Approval of the merger agreement by Umpqua shareholders requires the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of votes entitled to be cast and approval of the merger agreement by Sterling shareholders requires the affirmative vote of the holders of two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast.

         The special meeting of Sterling shareholders will be held on February 25, 2014 at Sterling Bank, 111 North Wall Street, Spokane, Washington, at 3:00 p.m. local time. The special meeting of Umpqua shareholders will be held on February 25, 2014 at the River Place Hotel, 1510 SW Harbor Way, Portland, Oregon, at 6:00 p.m. local time.

         Sterling's board of directors unanimously recommends that Sterling shareholders vote "FOR" the approval of the merger agreement and "FOR" the approval of the other matters to be considered at the Sterling special meeting.

         Umpqua's board of directors unanimously recommends that Umpqua shareholders vote "FOR" the approval of the merger agreement and "FOR" the approval of the other matters to be considered at the Umpqua special meeting.

         This joint proxy statement/prospectus describes the special meeting of Sterling, the special meeting of Umpqua, the merger, the documents related to the merger and other related matters. Please carefully read this entire joint proxy statement/prospectus, including "Risk Factors," beginning on page 43, for a discussion of the risks relating to the proposed merger. You also can obtain information about Umpqua and Sterling from documents that each has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.


/s/ RAYMOND P. DAVIS
Raymond P. Davis
President and Chief Executive Officer
Umpqua Holdings Corporation

 

/s/ J. GREGORY SEIBLY
J. Gregory Seibly
President and Chief Executive Officer
Sterling Financial Corporation

         
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved the merger, the issuance of the Umpqua common stock to be issued in the merger or the other transactions described in this document or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this joint proxy statement/prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

         The securities to be issued in the merger are not savings or deposit accounts or other obligations of any bank or non-bank subsidiary of either Umpqua or Sterling, and they are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other governmental agency.

         The date of this joint proxy statement/prospectus is January 22, 2014, and it is first being mailed or otherwise delivered to the shareholders of Umpqua and Sterling on or about January 24, 2014.


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REFERENCES TO ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

        This joint proxy statement/prospectus incorporates important business and financial information about Umpqua and Sterling from documents filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, that are not included in or delivered with this joint proxy statement/prospectus. You can obtain any of the documents filed with or furnished to the SEC by Umpqua and/or Sterling at no cost from the SEC's website at http://www.sec.gov. You may also request copies of these documents, including documents incorporated by reference in this joint proxy statement/prospectus, at no cost by contacting the appropriate company at the following address:

 
   
Umpqua Holdings Corporation   Sterling Financial Corporation
20085 N.W. Tanasbourne Drive   111 North Wall Street
Hillsboro, Oregon 97124   Spokane, Washington 99201
Attention: Investor Relations   Attention: Investor Relations
Telephone: (503) 268-6675   Telephone: (509) 358-8097

        You will not be charged for any of these documents that you request. To obtain timely delivery of these documents, you must request them no later than five business days before the date of your meeting. This means that Umpqua shareholders requesting documents must do so by February 18, 2014, in order to receive them before the Umpqua special meeting, and Sterling shareholders requesting documents must do so by February 18, 2014, in order to receive them before the Sterling special meeting.

        You should rely only on the information contained in, or incorporated by reference into, this document. No one has been authorized to provide you with information that is different from that contained in, or incorporated by reference into, this document. This document is dated January 22, 2014, and you should assume that the information in this document is accurate only as of such date. You should assume that the information incorporated by reference into this document is accurate as of the date of such document. Neither the mailing of this document to Sterling shareholders or Umpqua shareholders nor the issuance by Umpqua of shares of Umpqua common stock in connection with the merger will create any implication to the contrary.

        This document does not constitute an offer to sell, or a solicitation of an offer to buy, any securities, or the solicitation of a proxy, in any jurisdiction to or from any person to whom it is unlawful to make any such offer or solicitation in such jurisdiction. Except where the context otherwise indicates, information contained in this document regarding Sterling has been provided by Sterling and information contained in this document regarding Umpqua has been provided by Umpqua.

See "Where You Can Find More Information" for more details.


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LOGO

NOTICE OF SPECIAL MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS
TO BE HELD ON FEBRUARY 25, 2014

To the Shareholders of Umpqua Holdings Corporation:

        Umpqua Holdings Corporation will hold a special meeting of shareholders at 6:00 p.m. local time, on February 25, 2014, at the River Place Hotel, 1510 SW Harbor Way, Portland, Oregon to consider and vote upon the following matters:

        We have fixed the close of business on January 15, 2014 as the record date for the special meeting. Only Umpqua common shareholders of record at that time are entitled to notice of, and to vote at, the Umpqua special meeting, or any adjournment or postponement of the Umpqua special meeting. Approval of the Umpqua merger proposal requires the affirmative vote of holders of a majority of the votes entitled to be cast on the proposal. Approval of the Umpqua adjournment proposal requires the affirmative vote of holders of a majority of shares represented at the special meeting. The articles amendment proposal will be approved if the votes cast in favor of the proposal exceed the votes cast in opposition.

        Umpqua's board of directors has unanimously adopted the merger agreement, has determined that the merger agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby, including the merger, are in the best interests of Umpqua and its shareholders, and unanimously recommends that Umpqua shareholders vote "FOR" the Umpqua merger proposal, "FOR" the articles amendment proposal and "FOR" the Umpqua adjournment proposal, if necessary or appropriate.

        Your vote is very important.    We cannot complete the merger unless Umpqua's common shareholders approve the Umpqua merger proposal and the articles amendment proposal.

        Regardless of whether you plan to attend the Umpqua special meeting, please vote as soon as possible. If you hold stock in your name as a shareholder of record of Umpqua, please complete, sign, date and return the accompanying proxy card in the enclosed postage-paid return envelope. If you hold your stock in "street name" through a bank or broker, please follow the instructions on the voting instruction card furnished by the record holder.

        The enclosed joint proxy statement/prospectus provides a detailed description of the special meeting, the merger, the documents related to the merger and other related matters. We urge you to


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read the joint proxy statement/prospectus, including any documents incorporated in the joint proxy statement/prospectus by reference, and its annexes carefully and in their entirety.

    BY ORDER OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS,

 

 

/s/ STEVEN L. PHILPOTT
Steven L. Philpott
Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary

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GRAPHIC


NOTICE OF SPECIAL MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS TO BE HELD ON FEBRUARY 25, 2014

To the Shareholders of Sterling Financial Corporation:

        Sterling Financial Corporation will hold a special meeting of shareholders at 3:00 p.m. local time, on February 25, 2014, at Sterling Bank, 111 North Wall Street, Spokane, Washington to consider and vote upon the following matters:

        We have fixed the close of business on January 15, 2014 as the record date for the special meeting. Only Sterling common shareholders of record at that time are entitled to notice of, and to vote at, the Sterling special meeting, or any adjournment or postponement of the Sterling special meeting. Approval of the Sterling merger proposal requires the affirmative vote of holders of two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast on the proposal. The Sterling compensation proposal will be approved if the votes cast in favor of the proposal exceed the votes cast in opposition. Approval of the Sterling adjournment proposal requires the affirmative vote of holders of a majority of shares represented at the special meeting.

        Sterling's board of directors has unanimously adopted the merger agreement, has determined that the merger agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby, including the merger, are in the best interests of Sterling and its shareholders, and unanimously recommends that Sterling shareholders vote "FOR" the Sterling merger proposal, "FOR" the Sterling compensation proposal and "FOR" the Sterling adjournment proposal, if necessary or appropriate.

        Your vote is very important.    We cannot complete the merger unless Sterling's common shareholders approve the Sterling merger proposal.

        Regardless of whether you plan to attend the Sterling special meeting, please vote as soon as possible. If you hold stock in your name as a shareholder of record of Sterling, please complete, sign, date, and return the accompanying proxy card in the enclosed postage-paid return envelope. If you hold your stock in "street name" through a bank or broker, please follow the instructions on the voting instruction card furnished by the record holder.

        Under Washington law, Sterling shareholders who do not vote in favor of the merger proposal and follow certain procedural steps will be entitled to dissenters' rights. See "Questions and Answers—Are Sterling shareholders entitled to dissenters' rights?"


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        The enclosed joint proxy statement/prospectus provides a detailed description of the special meeting, the merger, the documents related to the merger and other related matters. We urge you to read the joint proxy statement/prospectus, including any documents incorporated in the joint proxy statement/prospectus by reference, and its annexes carefully and in their entirety.

  BY ORDER OF THE BOARD OF
DIRECTORS,

 

/s/ ANDREW J. SCHULTHEIS  

 

Andrew J. Schultheis

  Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary

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  Page  

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

    1  

SUMMARY

   
11
 

SELECTED CONSOLIDATED HISTORICAL FINANCIAL DATA OF UMPQUA

   
23
 

SELECTED CONSOLIDATED HISTORICAL FINANCIAL DATA OF STERLING

   
25
 

UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

   
27
 

COMPARATIVE PER SHARE DATA

   
41
 

RISK FACTORS

   
43
 

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

   
50
 

THE STERLING SPECIAL MEETING

   
51
 

Date, Time and Place of Meeting

    51  

Matters to Be Considered

    51  

Recommendation of Sterling's Board of Directors

    51  

Record Date and Quorum

    51  

Required Vote; Treatment of Abstentions and Failure to Vote

    52  

Shares Held by Officers and Directors

    52  

Voting on Proxies; Incomplete Proxies

    52  

Shares Held in "Street Name"; Broker Non-Votes

    53  

Revocability of Proxies and Changes to a Sterling Shareholder's Vote

    53  

Participants in the Sterling 401(k) Plan

    54  

Solicitation of Proxies

    54  

Attending the Meeting

    54  

Delivery of Proxy Materials

    54  

Assistance

    55  

THE UMPQUA SPECIAL MEETING

   
56
 

Date, Time and Place of Meeting

    56  

Matters to Be Considered

    56  

Recommendation of Umpqua's Board of Directors

    56  

Record Date and Quorum

    56  

Required Vote; Treatment of Abstentions and Failure to Vote

    57  

Shares Held by Officers and Directors

    57  

Voting of Proxies; Incomplete Proxies

    57  

Shares Held in "Street Name"; Broker Non-Votes

    58  

Revocability of Proxies and Changes to an Umpqua Shareholder's Vote

    58  

Participants in the Umpqua Bank 401(k) and Profit Sharing Plan or the Umpqua Supplemental Retirement/Deferred Compensation Plan

    59  

Solicitation of Proxies

    59  

Attending the Meeting

    59  

Delivery of Proxy Materials

    59  

Assistance

    60  

INFORMATION ABOUT UMPQUA

   
61
 

INFORMATION ABOUT STERLING

   
62
 

THE MERGER

   
63
 

i


 
  Page  

Terms of the Merger

    63  

Background of the Merger

    63  

Sterling's Reasons for the Merger; Recommendation of Sterling's Board of Directors

    71  

Opinion of Sandler O'Neill

    74  

Umpqua's Reasons for the Merger; Recommendation of Umpqua's Board of Directors

    89  

Opinion of J.P. Morgan

    90  

Board of Directors and Management of Umpqua after the Merger

    101  

Interests of Sterling's Directors and Executive Officers in the Merger

    101  

Amendment to Umpqua's Articles of Incorporation

    108  

Public Trading Markets

    109  

Umpqua's Dividend Policy

    109  

Dissenters' Rights in the Merger

    110  

Regulatory Approvals Required for the Merger

    114  

Litigation Relating to the Merger

    116  

Investor Letter Agreements

    117  

THE MERGER AGREEMENT

   
118
 

Structure of the Merger

    118  

Treatment of Sterling Stock Options and Restricted Stock Units

    119  

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

    120  

Closing and Effective Time of the Merger

    120  

Conversion of Shares; Exchange of Certificates

    120  

Representations and Warranties

    121  

Covenants and Agreements

    123  

Shareholder Meetings and Recommendation of Sterling's and Umpqua's Boards of Directors

    128  

Agreement Not to Solicit Other Offers

    129  

Conditions to Complete the Merger

    130  

Termination of the Merger Agreement

    131  

Effect of Termination

    132  

Termination Fee

    132  

Expenses and Fees

    133  

Amendment, Waiver and Extension of the Merger Agreement

    133  

ACCOUNTING TREATMENT

   
135
 

UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES OF THE MERGER

   
136
 

DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK OF UMPQUA

   
139
 

Authorized Capital Stock

    139  

Common Stock

    139  

Preferred Stock

    140  

COMPARISON OF SHAREHOLDERS' RIGHTS

   
141
 

COMPARATIVE MARKET PRICES AND DIVIDENDS

   
150
 

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF STERLING DIRECTORS, NAMED EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS OF STERLING

   
152
 

SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF UMPQUA DIRECTORS, NAMED EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS OF UMPQUA

   
155
 

ADVISORY VOTE ON NAMED EXECUTIVE OFFICER MERGER-RELATED COMPENSATION ARRANGEMENTS

   
157
 

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  Page  

LEGAL MATTERS

    158  

EXPERTS

   
159
 

Umpqua and FinPac

    159  

Sterling

    159  

DEADLINES FOR SUBMITTING SHAREHOLDER PROPOSALS

   
160
 

Umpqua

    160  

Sterling

    160  

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

   
161
 

ANNEX A: AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER

   
A-1
 

ANNEX B: INVESTOR LETTER AGREEMENT—WARBURG PINCUS

    B-1  

ANNEX C: INVESTOR LETTER AGREEMENT—THL. 

    C-1  

ANNEX D: OPINION OF SANDLER O'NEILL + PARTNERS, L.P

    D-1  

ANNEX E: OPINION OF J.P. MORGAN SECURITIES LLC

    E-1  

ANNEX F: FORM OF AMENDMENT TO RESTATED ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION OF UMPQUA

    F-1  

ANNEX G: CHAPTER 23B.13 OF THE WASHINGTON BUSINESS CORPORATIONS ACT—DISSENTERS' RIGHTS

    G-1  

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QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

        The following are some questions that you may have about the merger and the Umpqua or Sterling special meetings, and brief answers to those questions. We urge you to read carefully the remainder of this joint proxy statement/prospectus because the information in this section does not provide all of the information that might be important to you with respect to the merger and the Umpqua or Sterling special meetings. Additional important information is also contained in the documents incorporated by reference into this joint proxy statement/prospectus. See "Where You Can Find More Information."

        Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this joint proxy statement/prospectus to "Umpqua" refer to Umpqua Holdings Corporation, an Oregon corporation, and its subsidiaries, and references to "Sterling" refer to Sterling Financial Corporation, a Washington corporation, and its subsidiaries.

Q:
What is the merger?

A:
Umpqua and Sterling have entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of September 11, 2013 (which we refer to as the "merger agreement"). Under the merger agreement, Sterling will be merged with and into Umpqua, with Umpqua continuing as the surviving corporation. Immediately following the completion of the merger, Sterling's wholly owned bank subsidiary, Sterling Savings Bank, will merge with and into Umpqua's wholly owned bank subsidiary, Umpqua Bank (which we refer to as the "bank merger"). Umpqua Bank will be the surviving bank in the bank merger. A copy of the merger agreement is included in this joint proxy statement/prospectus as Annex A.
Q:
Why am I receiving this joint proxy statement/prospectus?

A:
We are delivering this document to you because it is a joint proxy statement being used by both the Umpqua and Sterling boards of directors to solicit proxies of their respective shareholders in connection with approval of the merger and related matters.

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Q:
In addition to the Umpqua merger proposal, what else are Umpqua shareholders being asked to vote on?

A:
In addition to the Umpqua merger proposal, Umpqua is soliciting proxies from its shareholders with respect to two additional proposals:

a proposal to amend the Restated Articles of Incorporation of Umpqua to increase the number of authorized shares of no par value common stock to 400,000,000 (which we refer to as the "articles amendment proposal"); and

a proposal to adjourn the Umpqua special meeting, if necessary or appropriate, to solicit additional proxies in favor of the Umpqua merger proposal and/or the articles amendment proposal (which we refer to as the "Umpqua adjournment proposal").
Q:
In addition to the Sterling merger proposal, what else are Sterling shareholders being asked to vote on?

A:
In addition to the Sterling merger proposal, Sterling is soliciting proxies from its shareholders with respect to two additional proposals:

a proposal to approve, on an advisory (non-binding) basis, the compensation that is tied to or based on the merger and that will or may be paid to Sterling's named executive officers in connection with the merger (which we refer to as the "Sterling compensation proposal"); and

a proposal to adjourn the Sterling special meeting, if necessary or appropriate, to solicit additional proxies in favor of the Sterling merger proposal (which we refer to as the "Sterling adjournment proposal").
Q:
What will Sterling shareholders receive in the merger?

A:
If the merger is completed, Sterling shareholders will receive 1.671 shares of Umpqua common stock and $2.18 in cash, without interest, (which we refer to as the "merger consideration") for each share of Sterling common stock held immediately prior to the merger. Umpqua will not issue any fractional shares of Umpqua common stock in the merger. Sterling shareholders who would otherwise be entitled to a fractional share of Umpqua common stock upon the completion of the merger will instead receive an amount in cash based on the average closing-sale price per share of Umpqua common stock for the ten trading days immediately preceding (but not including) the day on which the merger is completed (which we refer to as the "Umpqua closing price").

Q:
What will Umpqua shareholders receive in the merger?

A:
If the merger is completed, Umpqua shareholders will not receive any merger consideration and will continue to hold the shares of Umpqua common stock that they currently hold. Following the merger, shares of Umpqua common stock will continue to be traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol "UMPQ."

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Q:
How will the merger affect Sterling stock options and restricted stock units?

A:
The Sterling equity awards will be affected as follows:
Q:
Will the value of the merger consideration change between the date of this joint proxy statement/prospectus and the time the merger is completed?

A:
Because the number of shares of Umpqua common stock that Sterling shareholders will receive for each share of Sterling common stock as the stock component of the merger consideration is fixed, the value of the merger consideration will fluctuate between the date of this joint proxy statement/prospectus and the completion of the merger based upon the market value for Umpqua common stock. Any fluctuation in the market price of Umpqua common stock after the date of this joint proxy statement/prospectus will change the value of the shares of Umpqua common stock that Sterling shareholders will receive.

Q:
How does Umpqua's board of directors recommend that I vote at the special meeting?

A:
Umpqua's board of directors unanimously recommends that you vote "FOR" the Umpqua merger proposal, "FOR" the articles amendment proposal and "FOR" the Umpqua adjournment proposal, if necessary or appropriate.

Q:
How does Sterling's board of directors recommend that I vote at the annual meeting?

A:
Sterling's board of directors unanimously recommends that you vote "FOR" the Sterling merger proposal, "FOR" the Sterling compensation proposal and "FOR" the Sterling adjournment proposal, if necessary or appropriate.

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Q:
When and where are the meetings?

A:
The Umpqua special meeting will be held at the River Place Hotel, 1510 SW Harbor Way, Portland, Oregon on February 25, 2014, at 6:00 p.m. local time.
Q:
What do I need to do now?

A:
After you have carefully read this joint proxy statement/prospectus in its entirety and have decided how you wish to vote your shares, please vote your shares promptly so that your shares are represented and voted at the special meeting. If you hold your shares in your name as a shareholder of record, you must complete, sign, date and mail your proxy card in the enclosed postage-paid return envelope as soon as possible. Alternatively, you may vote through the internet or by telephone. Information and applicable deadlines for voting by internet or by telephone are set forth in the enclosed proxy card instructions. You are encouraged to vote through the internet. If you hold your shares in "street name" through a bank or broker, you must direct your bank or broker how to vote in accordance with the instructions you have received from your bank or broker. "Street name" shareholders who wish to vote in person at the special meeting or annual meeting will need to obtain a legal proxy from the institution that holds their shares.

Q:
What constitutes a quorum for the Umpqua special meeting?

A:
The presence at the Umpqua special meeting, in person or by proxy, of holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Umpqua common stock entitled to vote at the special meeting will constitute a quorum. Abstentions and broker non-votes will be included in determining the number of shares present at the meeting for the purpose of determining the presence of a quorum.

Q:
What constitutes a quorum for the Sterling special meeting?

A:
The presence at the Sterling special meeting, in person or by proxy, of holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Sterling common stock entitled to vote at the special meeting will constitute a quorum. Abstentions and broker non-votes, if any, will be included in determining the number of shares present at the meeting for the purpose of determining the presence of a quorum.

Q:
What is the vote required to approve each proposal at the Umpqua special meeting?

A:
Umpqua merger proposal:

Standard:  Approval of the Umpqua merger proposal requires the affirmative vote of holders of a majority of the votes entitled to be cast on the proposal.

Effect of abstentions and broker non-votes:  If you mark "ABSTAIN" on your proxy card, fail to either submit a proxy card or vote by telephone or internet or in person at the Umpqua special meeting or fail to instruct your bank or broker with respect to the Umpqua merger proposal, it will have the same effect as a vote "AGAINST" the proposal.

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Q:
What is the vote required to approve each proposal at the Sterling special meeting?
Q:
What impact will my vote on the Sterling compensation proposal have on the amounts that executive officers of Umpqua may receive in connection with the merger?

A:
Umpqua's executive officers are not entitled to receive any compensation in connection with the merger.

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Q:
What impact will my vote have on the amounts that executive officers of Sterling may receive in connection with the merger?

A:
Certain of Sterling's executive officers are entitled, pursuant to the terms of their compensation arrangements, to receive certain payments in connection with the merger. If the merger is completed, Sterling or Umpqua is contractually obligated to make these payments to these executives under certain circumstances. Accordingly, even if the Sterling shareholders vote not to approve these payments, the compensation will be payable, subject to the terms and conditions of the arrangements. Sterling is seeking your approval of certain of these payments, on an advisory (non-binding) basis, in order to comply with the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 and related SEC rules.

Q:
Why is my vote important?

A:
If you do not vote, it will be more difficult for Umpqua or Sterling to obtain the necessary quorum to hold their special meetings. In addition, your failure to submit a proxy or vote by telephone or internet or in person, or failure to instruct your bank or broker how to vote, or abstention will have the same effect as a vote "AGAINST" approval of the merger agreement. The merger agreement must be approved by the affirmative vote of holders of a majority of the votes entitled to be cast by Umpqua shareholders on the merger agreement and by the affirmative vote of holders of at least two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast by Sterling shareholders on the merger agreement. In addition, the articles amendment proposal will be approved only if the votes cast by Umpqua shareholders in favor of the proposal exceed the votes cast in opposition. The Umpqua board of directors and the Sterling board of directors unanimously, respectively, recommend that you vote "FOR" the Umpqua merger proposal and "FOR" the articles amendment proposal, and "FOR" the Sterling merger proposal, respectively.

Q:
If my shares of common stock are held in "street name" by my bank or broker, will my bank or broker automatically vote my shares for me?

A:
No. Your bank or broker cannot vote your shares without instructions from you. You should instruct your bank or broker how to vote your shares in accordance with the instructions provided to you. Please check the voting form used by your bank or broker.

Q:
Are there any voting agreements in place with existing shareholders?

A:
Yes. In connection with the merger agreement, Warburg Pincus and THL, each of which as of the record date had the right to vote approximately 12,950,796, or approximately 20.8%, of the outstanding shares of Sterling common stock, agreed, subject to certain exceptions, to vote their shares of Sterling common stock in favor of the merger. The obligations of Warburg Pincus and the obligations of THL terminate on the earlier of (1) the Sterling board of directors changing its recommendation regarding the merger, (2) the Sterling special meeting (including any adjournments thereof) concluding with a vote on the Sterling merger proposal having been taken, (3) the merger agreement being amended without Warburg Pincus' or THL's written consent, as applicable, (4) September 11, 2014 or the effective time of the merger or (5) termination of the merger agreement in accordance with its terms. For further information, see "The Merger—Investor Letter Agreements."

Q:
How do I vote if I own shares through the Umpqua Bank 401(k) and Profit Sharing Plan or the Umpqua Supplemental Retirement/Deferred Compensation Plan?

A:
Umpqua Bank 401(k) and Profit Sharing Plan:    You will be given the opportunity to instruct the trustee of the Umpqua Bank 401(k) and Profit Sharing Plan how to vote the shares that you hold in your account. To the extent that you do not timely give such instructions, the Advisory Committee will instruct the trustee to vote all unvoted shares held in the Umpqua Bank 401(k)

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Q:
How do I vote if I own shares through the Sterling 401(k) Plan?

A:
You will be given the opportunity to instruct the trustee of the Sterling Savings Bank Employees Savings and Investment Plan & Trust 401(k) Plan (which we refer to as the "Sterling 401(k) Plan") how to vote the shares that you hold in your account. In accordance with the terms of the plan, if you fail to instruct the plan trustee how to vote your plan shares, the trustee will not vote your plan shares, except as required by law.

Q:
Can I attend the meeting and vote my shares in person?

A:
Yes. All shareholders of Umpqua and Sterling, including shareholders of record and shareholders who hold their shares through banks, brokers, nominees or any other holder of record, are invited to attend their respective meetings. Holders of record of Umpqua and Sterling common stock can vote by telephone or internet or in person at the Umpqua special meeting and Sterling special meeting, respectively. If you are not a shareholder of record, you must obtain a proxy card, executed in your favor, from the record holder of your shares, such as a broker, bank or other nominee, to be able to vote in person at the meetings. If you plan to attend your meeting, you must hold your shares in your own name or bring a copy of a bank or brokerage statement to the special meeting reflecting your stock ownership as of the record date. In addition, you must bring a form of personal photo identification with you in order to be admitted. Umpqua and Sterling reserve the right to refuse admittance to anyone without proper proof of share ownership or without proper photo identification.

Q:
Can I change my vote?

A:
Umpqua shareholders:    Yes. If you are a holder of record of Umpqua common stock, you may revoke any proxy at any time before it is voted by (1) signing and returning a proxy card with a later date, (2) delivering a written revocation letter to Umpqua's corporate secretary, (3) attending the special meeting in person, notifying the corporate secretary and voting by ballot at the special meeting, or (4) voting by telephone or the internet at a later time. Attendance at the special meeting by itself will not automatically revoke your proxy. A revocation or later-dated proxy received by Umpqua after the vote will not affect the vote. Umpqua's corporate secretary's mailing address is: Corporate Secretary, Umpqua Holdings Corporation, P.O. Box 1560, Eugene, OR 97440. If you hold your shares in "street name" through a bank or broker, you should contact your bank or broker to revoke your proxy.

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Q:
Will Umpqua be required to submit the proposal to approve the merger agreement to its shareholders even if Umpqua's board of directors has withdrawn, modified or qualified its recommendation?

A:
Yes. Unless the merger agreement is terminated before the Umpqua special meeting, Umpqua is required to submit the proposal to approve the merger agreement to its shareholders even if Umpqua's board of directors has withdrawn, modified or qualified its recommendation.

Q:
Will Sterling be required to submit the proposal to approve the merger agreement to its shareholders even if Sterling's board of directors has withdrawn, modified or qualified its recommendation?

A:
Yes. Unless the merger agreement is terminated before the Sterling special meeting, Sterling is required to submit the proposal to approve the merger agreement to its shareholders even if Sterling's board of directors has withdrawn, modified or qualified its recommendation.

Q:
What are the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the merger to Sterling shareholders?

A:
The merger is intended to qualify as a "reorganization" within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Internal Revenue Code (the "Code") and it is a condition to the respective obligations of Sterling and Umpqua to complete the merger that each of Sterling and Umpqua receives a legal opinion to that effect. Accordingly, a Sterling common shareholder generally will recognize gain, but not loss, in an amount equal to the lesser of (1) the amount of gain realized (i.e., the excess of the sum of the amount of cash and the fair market value of the Umpqua common stock received pursuant to the merger over that holder's adjusted tax basis in its shares of Sterling common stock surrendered) and (2) the amount of cash received pursuant to the merger. Further, a Sterling common shareholder generally will recognize gain or loss with respect to cash received instead of fractional shares of Umpqua common stock that the Sterling common shareholder would otherwise be entitled to receive. For further information, see "United States Federal Income Tax Consequences of the Merger."
Q:
Are Sterling shareholders entitled to dissenters' rights?

A:
Yes. Sterling shareholders who do not vote in favor of the Sterling merger proposal and follow certain procedural steps will be entitled to dissenters' rights under chapter 23B.13 of the Washington Business Corporation Act (which we refer to as the "WBCA"), provided they take the steps required to perfect their rights under chapter 23B.13. For further information, see "The Merger—Dissenters' Rights in the Merger." In addition, a copy of chapter 23B.13 of the WBCA is attached as Annex G to this joint proxy statement/prospectus.

Q:
If I am a Sterling shareholder, should I send in my Sterling stock certificates now?

A:
No. Sterling shareholders SHOULD NOT send in any stock certificates now. If the merger occurs, an exchange agent will send you instructions for exchanging Sterling stock certificates for the merger consideration under separate cover and the stock certificates should be sent at that time in accordance with those instructions. See "The Merger Agreement—Conversion of Shares; Exchange of Certificates."

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Q:
What should I do if I hold my shares of Sterling common stock in book-entry form?

A:
You are not required to take any special additional action to receive the merger consideration if your shares of Sterling common stock are held in book-entry form. After the completion of the merger, shares of Sterling common stock held in book-entry form automatically will be exchanged for the merger consideration, including shares of Umpqua common stock in book-entry form, the cash portion of the merger consideration and any cash to be paid in exchange for fractional shares in the merger.

Q:
Whom may I contact if I cannot locate my Sterling stock certificate(s)?

A:
If you are unable to locate your original Sterling stock certificate(s), you should contact American Stock Transfer Company, Sterling's transfer agent, at (800) 676-0791.

Q:
What should I do if I receive more than one set of voting materials?

A:
Umpqua shareholders and Sterling shareholders may receive more than one set of voting materials, including multiple copies of this joint proxy statement/prospectus and multiple proxy cards or voting instruction cards. For example, if you hold shares of Umpqua and/or Sterling common stock in more than one brokerage account, you will receive a separate voting instruction card for each brokerage account in which you hold such shares. If you are a holder of record of Umpqua common stock or Sterling common stock and your shares are registered in more than one name, you will receive more than one proxy card. In addition, if you are a holder of both Umpqua common stock and Sterling common stock, you will receive one or more separate proxy cards or voting instruction cards for each company. Please complete, sign, date and return each proxy card and voting instruction card that you receive or otherwise follow the voting instructions set forth in this joint proxy statement/prospectus to ensure that you vote every share of Umpqua common stock and/or Sterling common stock that you own.

Q:
When do you expect to complete the merger?

A:
Umpqua and Sterling expect to complete the merger in the first half of 2014. However, neither Umpqua nor Sterling can assure you of when or if the merger will be completed. Umpqua and Sterling must first obtain the approval of Umpqua shareholders and Sterling shareholders for the merger, as well as obtain necessary regulatory approvals and satisfy certain other closing conditions.

Q:
What happens if the merger is not completed?

A:
If the merger is not completed, holders of Sterling common stock will not receive any consideration for their shares in connection with the merger. Instead, Sterling will remain an independent public company and its common stock will continue to be listed and traded on the NASDAQ Capital Market. In addition, if the merger agreement is terminated in certain circumstances, a termination fee may be required to be paid by either Umpqua or Sterling. See "The Merger Agreement—Termination Fee" beginning on page 132 for a discussion of the circumstances under which termination fees will be required to be paid.

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Q:
Whom should I call with questions?

A:
Umpqua shareholders:    If you have any questions concerning the merger or this joint proxy statement/prospectus, would like additional copies of this joint proxy statement/prospectus or need help voting your shares of Umpqua common stock, please contact Michelle Bressman, Shareholder Relations Officer at (503) 268-6675, or Umpqua's proxy solicitor, AST Phoenix Advisors, at the following address or telephone number: 6201 15th Avenue, 3rd Floor, Brooklyn, New York 11219 or (212) 493-3914.

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SUMMARY

        This summary highlights selected information from this joint proxy statement/prospectus. It may not contain all of the information that is important to you. We urge you to read carefully the entire joint proxy statement/prospectus, including the annexes, and the other documents to which we refer in order to fully understand the merger. See "Where You Can Find More Information." Each item in this summary refers to the page of this joint proxy statement/prospectus on which that subject is discussed in more detail.


In the Merger, Sterling Common Shareholders Will Receive Cash and Shares of Umpqua Common Stock (page 118)

        Umpqua and Sterling are proposing a strategic merger. If the merger is completed, Sterling common shareholders will receive 1.671 shares of Umpqua common stock and $2.18 in cash, without interest, for each share of Sterling common stock they hold immediately prior to the effective time of the merger. Umpqua will not issue any fractional shares of Umpqua common stock in the merger. Sterling shareholders who would otherwise be entitled to a fraction of a share of Umpqua common stock upon the completion of the merger will instead receive, for the fraction of a share, an amount in cash based on the Umpqua closing price. For example, if you hold 100 shares of Sterling common stock, you will receive 167 shares of Umpqua common stock and a cash payment instead of the additional 0.1 shares of Umpqua common stock that you otherwise would have received (100 shares × 1.671 = 167.1 shares) in addition to receiving $218 in cash, representing the cash portion of the merger consideration (100 shares × $2.18 = $218).

        Umpqua common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol "UMPQ," and Sterling common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol "STSA." The following table shows the closing sale prices of Umpqua common stock and Sterling common stock as reported on the NASDAQ Global Select Market and NASDAQ Capital Market, respectively, on August 30, 2013, the last trading day before the press reported that Sterling was seeking takeover bids, September 10, 2013, the last full trading day before the public announcement of the merger agreement, and on January 17, 2014, the last practicable trading day before the date of this joint proxy statement/prospectus. This table also shows the implied value of the merger consideration payable for each share of Sterling common stock, which we calculated by multiplying the closing price of Umpqua common stock on those dates by the exchange ratio of 1.671 and adding the cash portion of the merger consideration of $2.18 per share.

 
  Umpqua
Common Stock
  Sterling
Common Stock
  Implied Value of
Merger Consideration
for One Share of
Sterling
Common Stock
 

August 30, 2013

  $ 16.24   $ 24.20   $ 29.32  

September 10, 2013

  $ 17.19   $ 27.14   $ 30.90  

January 17, 2014

  $ 18.40   $ 32.93   $ 32.93  

        The merger agreement governs the merger. The merger agreement is included in this joint proxy statement/prospectus as Annex A. All descriptions in this summary and elsewhere in this joint proxy statement/prospectus of the terms and conditions of the merger are qualified by reference to the merger agreement. Please read the merger agreement carefully for a more complete understanding of the merger.

 

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Umpqua's Board of Directors Unanimously Recommends that Umpqua Shareholders Vote "FOR" the Umpqua Merger Proposal and the Other Proposals Presented at the Umpqua Special Meeting (page 56)

        Umpqua's board of directors has determined that the merger, the merger agreement and the transactions contemplated by the merger agreement are in the best interests of Umpqua and its shareholders and has unanimously approved and adopted the merger agreement. Umpqua's board of directors unanimously recommends that Umpqua shareholders vote "FOR" the Umpqua merger proposal and "FOR" the other proposals presented at the Umpqua special meeting. For the factors considered by Umpqua's board of directors in reaching its decision to approve and adopt the merger agreement, see "The Merger—Umpqua's Reasons for the Merger; Recommendation of Umpqua's Board of Directors."


Sterling's Board of Directors Unanimously Recommends that Sterling Shareholders Vote "FOR" the Sterling Merger Proposal and the Other Proposals Presented at the Sterling Special Meeting (page 71)

        Sterling's board of directors has determined that the merger, the merger agreement and the transactions contemplated by the merger agreement are in the best interests of Sterling and its shareholders and has unanimously approved and adopted the merger agreement. Sterling's board of directors unanimously recommends that Sterling shareholders vote "FOR" the Sterling merger proposal and "FOR" the other proposals presented at the Sterling special meeting. For the factors considered by Sterling's board of directors in reaching its decision to approve and adopt the merger agreement, see "The Merger—Sterling's Reasons for the Merger; Recommendation of Sterling's Board of Directors".


Opinion of Sterling's Financial Advisor (page 74 and Annex D)

Opinion of Sandler O'Neill

        In connection with its consideration of the merger, on September 11, 2013, the Sterling board of directors received from Sandler O'Neill + Partners, L.P., Sterling's financial advisor (which we refer to as "Sandler O'Neill"), its oral opinion, which opinion was confirmed by delivery of a written opinion, dated September 11, 2013, to the effect that, as of such date and based upon and subject to the various factors, assumptions and limitations set forth in its opinion, the merger consideration in the merger was fair, from a financial point of view, to the holders of Sterling common stock. The full text of Sandler O'Neill's written opinion is attached as Annex D to this joint proxy statement/prospectus. You should read the entire opinion for a discussion of, among other things, the assumptions made, procedures followed, matters considered and limitations on the review undertaken by Sandler O'Neill in rendering its opinion. Sandler O'Neill's written opinion is addressed to the Sterling board of directors, is directed only to the merger consideration in the merger and does not constitute a recommendation to any Sterling shareholder as to how such shareholder should vote with respect to the merger or any other matter.

        For further information, see "The Merger—Opinion of Sandler O'Neill."


Opinion of Umpqua's Financial Advisor (page 90 and Annex E)

Opinion of J.P. Morgan

        In connection with the merger, J.P. Morgan Securities LLC (which we refer to as "J.P. Morgan"), Umpqua's financial advisor, delivered to Umpqua's board of directors a written opinion, dated September 10, 2013, as to the fairness to Umpqua, from a financial point of view and as of the date of the opinion, of the merger consideration provided for in the merger. The full text of the written opinion, dated September 10, 2013, of J.P. Morgan, which sets forth, among other things, the

 

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assumptions made, procedures followed, matters considered and limitations on the review undertaken, is attached as Annex E to this joint proxy statement/prospectus. J.P. Morgan's written opinion is addressed to the Umpqua board of directors, is directed only to the merger consideration in the merger and does not constitute a recommendation to any Umpqua shareholder as to how such shareholder should vote with respect to the merger or any other matter.

        For further information, see "The Merger—Opinion of J.P. Morgan."


What Holders of Sterling Stock Options and Restricted Stock Units Will Receive (page 119)

        Stock Options.    At the effective time of the merger, each option to purchase shares of Sterling common stock outstanding immediately prior to the effective time (except for certain options with an exercise price significantly in excess of the value of the merger consideration, which Sterling will use commercially reasonable efforts to cancel prior to the effective time), will be converted into an option to purchase Umpqua common stock on the same terms and conditions as were applicable prior to the merger (taking into account that, except for new equity award compensation granted prior to the effective time of the merger, the consummation of the merger and its related transactions will constitute the first trigger under equity awards that provide for "double trigger" acceleration of vesting), except that (1) the number of shares of Umpqua common stock subject to the new option will be equal to the product of the number of shares of Sterling common stock subject to the existing option and the ratio that expresses the merger consideration solely in shares of Umpqua common stock, with the cash portion of the merger consideration converted into shares based on the Umpqua closing price (which we refer to as the "equity exchange ratio") (rounding fractional shares down to the nearest whole share), and (2) the exercise price per share of Umpqua common stock under the new option will be equal to the exercise price per share of Sterling common stock of the existing option divided by the equity exchange ratio (rounded up to the nearest whole cent).

        Restricted Stock Units.    At the effective time of the merger, each restricted stock unit in respect of Sterling common stock outstanding immediately prior to the effective time will be converted into a restricted stock unit with respect to a number of shares of Umpqua common stock equal to the product of the number of shares of Sterling common stock subject to the Sterling restricted stock unit and the equity exchange ratio, on the same terms and conditions as were applicable prior to the merger (taking into account that, except for new equity award compensation granted prior to the effective time of the merger, the consummation of the merger and its related transactions will constitute the first trigger under equity awards that provide for "double trigger" acceleration of vesting).


Umpqua Will Hold its Special Meeting on February 25, 2014 (page 56)

        The special meeting of Umpqua shareholders will be held on February 25, 2014, at 6:00 p.m. local time, at the River Place Hotel, 1510 SW Harbor Way, Portland, Oregon. At the special meeting, Umpqua shareholders will be asked to:

        Only holders of record of Umpqua common stock at the close of business on January 15, 2014 will be entitled to vote at the special meeting. Each share of Umpqua common stock is entitled to one vote on each proposal to be considered at the Umpqua special meeting. As of the record date, there were 112,001,584 shares of Umpqua common stock entitled to vote at the special meeting. As of the record date, the directors and executive officers of Umpqua and their affiliates beneficially owned and were entitled to vote approximately 1,213,226 shares of Umpqua common stock representing approximately 1.1% of the shares of Umpqua common stock outstanding on that date.

 

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        To approve the Umpqua merger proposal, a majority of the shares of Umpqua common stock outstanding and entitled to vote thereon must be voted in favor of such proposal. To approve the Umpqua adjournment proposal, a majority of the shares of Umpqua common stock represented at the special meeting must be voted in favor of the proposal. The articles amendment proposal will be approved if the votes cast in favor of the proposal at the Umpqua special meeting exceed the votes cast in opposition. If you mark "ABSTAIN" on your proxy card, fail to either submit a proxy or vote by telephone or internet or in person at the Umpqua special meeting or fail to instruct your bank or broker how to vote with respect to the Umpqua merger proposal, it will have the same effect as a vote "AGAINST" the proposal. If you mark "ABSTAIN" on your proxy card, or fail to instruct your bank or broker how to vote, with respect to the Umpqua adjournment proposal, it will have the same effect as a vote "AGAINST" the proposal. If, however, you are not a "street name" holder and fail to either submit a proxy card entirely or vote by telephone or internet or in person at the Umpqua special meeting, it will have no effect on such proposal. If you mark "ABSTAIN" on your proxy card, fail to either submit a proxy or vote by telephone or internet or in person at the Umpqua special meeting or fail to instruct your bank or broker how to vote with respect to the articles amendment proposal, it will have no effect on the proposal.


Sterling Will Hold its Special Meeting on February 25, 2014 (page 51)

        The special meeting of Sterling shareholders will be held on February 25, 2014, at 3:00 p.m. local time, at Sterling Bank, 111 North Wall Street, Spokane, Washington. At the special meeting, Sterling shareholders will be asked to:

        Only holders of record of Sterling common stock at the close of business on January 15, 2014 will be entitled to vote at the special meeting. Each share of Sterling common stock is entitled to one vote on each proposal to be considered at the Sterling special meeting. As of the record date, there were 62,363,741 shares of Sterling common stock entitled to vote at the special meeting. As of the record date, and including shares owned by Warburg Pincus and shares owned by THL, the directors and executive officers of Sterling and their affiliates beneficially owned and were entitled to vote approximately 26,978,796 shares of Sterling common stock representing approximately 43.3% of the shares of Sterling common stock outstanding on that date. Warburg Pincus and THL, each of which is associated with one of Sterling's directors and as of the record date had the right to vote approximately 12,950,796, or approximately 20.8%, of the outstanding shares of Sterling common stock, have agreed, subject to certain exceptions, to vote their shares of Sterling common stock in favor of the Sterling merger proposal. For further information, see "The Merger—Investor Letter Agreements."

        To approve the Sterling merger proposal, two-thirds of the shares of Sterling common stock outstanding and entitled to vote thereon must be voted in favor of such proposal. The Sterling compensation proposal will be approved if the votes cast in favor of such proposal at the Sterling special meeting exceed the votes cast in opposition. To approve the Sterling adjournment proposal, a majority of the shares of Sterling common stock represented at the special meeting must be voted in favor of the proposal. If you mark "ABSTAIN" on your proxy card, fail to submit a proxy or vote by telephone or internet or in person at the Sterling special meeting or fail to instruct your bank or broker how to vote with respect to the Sterling merger proposal, it will have the same effect as a vote "AGAINST" the proposal. If you mark "ABSTAIN" on your proxy card, fail to submit a proxy or vote by telephone or internet or in person at the Sterling special meeting or fail to instruct your bank or broker how to vote with respect to the Sterling compensation proposal, it will have no effect on the proposal. If you mark "ABSTAIN" on your proxy card, or fail to instruct your bank or broker how to

 

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vote, with respect to the Sterling adjournment proposal, it will have the same effect as a vote "AGAINST" the proposal. If, however, you are not a "street name" holder and fail to submit a proxy card entirely or vote by telephone or internet or in person at the Sterling special meeting, it will have no effect on such proposal.


The Merger Will Be Tax-Free to Holders of Sterling Common Stock as to the Shares of Umpqua Common Stock They Receive (page 137)

        The merger is intended to qualify as a "reorganization" within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code and it is a condition to the respective obligations of Sterling and Umpqua to complete the merger that each of Sterling and Umpqua receives a legal opinion to that effect. Accordingly, a Sterling common shareholder generally will recognize gain, but not loss, in an amount equal to the lesser of (1) the amount of gain realized (i.e., the excess of the sum of the amount of cash and the fair market value of the Umpqua common stock received pursuant to the merger over that holder's adjusted tax basis in its shares of Sterling common stock surrendered) and (2) the amount of cash received pursuant to the merger. Further, a Sterling common shareholder generally will recognize gain or loss with respect to cash received instead of fractional shares of Umpqua common stock that the Sterling common shareholder would otherwise be entitled to receive.

        For further information, see "United States Federal Income Tax Consequences of the Merger."

The U.S. federal income tax consequences described above may not apply to all holders of Sterling common stock. Your tax consequences will depend on your individual situation. Accordingly, we strongly urge you to consult your independent tax advisor for a full understanding of the particular tax consequences of the merger to you.


Interests of Sterling's Directors and Executive Officers in the Merger (page 101)

        Sterling shareholders should be aware that some of Sterling's directors and executive officers have interests in the merger and have arrangements that are different from, or in addition to, those of Sterling shareholders generally. Sterling's board of directors was aware of these interests and considered these interests, among other matters, when making its decision to adopt the merger agreement, and in recommending that Sterling shareholders vote in favor of approving the merger agreement.

        These interests include the following:

 

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        For a more complete description of these interests, see "The Merger—Interests of Sterling's Directors and Executive Officers in the Merger."

 

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Sterling Shareholders Who Do Not Vote in Favor of the Merger Agreement May Be Entitled To Assert Dissenters' Rights (page 110)

        Sterling shareholders who do not vote in favor of the approval of the merger agreement (including by failing to vote or marking "ABSTAIN" on their proxy card) and follow certain procedural steps will be entitled to dissenters' rights under chapter 23B.13 of the WBCA, provided they take the steps required to perfect their rights under 23B.13 of the WBCA. These procedural steps include, among others: (1) delivering to Sterling, before the vote on the merger at the Sterling special meeting, a notice of intent to demand payment for the shares of Sterling common stock if the merger is effected and (2) timely filing a payment demand after the merger is effected. For more information, see "The Merger—Dissenters' Rights in the Merger."


Conditions that Must Be Satisfied or Waived for the Merger To Occur (page 130)

        Currently, Sterling and Umpqua expect to complete the merger in the first half of 2014. As more fully described in this joint proxy statement/prospectus and in the merger agreement, the completion of the merger depends on a number of conditions being satisfied or, where legally permissible, waived. These conditions include (1) approval of the Sterling merger proposal by Sterling's shareholders and approval of the Umpqua merger proposal and the articles amendment proposal by Umpqua's shareholders, (2) authorization for listing on the NASDAQ Global Select Market of the shares of Umpqua common stock to be issued in the merger, (3) the receipt of required regulatory approvals, (4) effectiveness of the registration statement of which this joint proxy statement/prospectus is a part, (5) the absence of any order, injunction or other legal restraint preventing the completion of the merger or making the completion of the merger illegal, (6) subject to the materiality standards provided in the merger agreement, the accuracy of the representations and warranties of Umpqua and Sterling, (7) performance in all material respects by each of Umpqua and Sterling of its obligations under the merger agreement and (8) receipt by each of Umpqua and Sterling of an opinion from its counsel as to certain tax matters.

        Neither Sterling nor Umpqua can be certain when, or if, the conditions to the merger will be satisfied or waived, or that the merger will be completed.


Non-Solicitation (page 129)

        As more fully described in this joint proxy statement/prospectus and in the merger agreement, and subject to the exceptions summarized below, each of Sterling and Umpqua has agreed not to (1) solicit, initiate, knowingly encourage or knowingly facilitate, or take any other action designed to facilitate, any inquiries or proposals regarding an acquisition proposal, (2) participate in any discussions or negotiations regarding an alternative transaction or acquisition proposal or (3) enter into any agreement regarding any alternative transaction or acquisition proposal.

        However, each of Sterling or Umpqua, before shareholder approval of the merger agreement and, in the case of Umpqua, before shareholder approval of the articles amendment, is permitted to, following receipt of an acquisition proposal that is unsolicited and that the applicable board of directors determines is, or could reasonably be expected to result in, a superior proposal, (1) furnish information with respect to it and its subsidiaries to the party making the acquisition proposal and its representatives and financing sources under the terms of a confidentiality agreement no less restrictive than the one between the parties, and (2) participate in discussions and negotiations regarding the acquisition proposal.

        Each of Sterling and Umpqua is permitted to take the actions described above only if its board of directors determines in good faith, after receiving the advice of outside counsel, that the failure to take such action would be inconsistent with its fiduciary duties under applicable law.

 

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        In addition, each of Sterling and Umpqua has agreed not to release any third party from, and to enforce, the confidentiality and standstill provisions of any agreement that it is party to as of the date of the merger agreement.


Termination of the Merger Agreement (page 131)

        The merger agreement can be terminated at any time prior to completion of the merger in the following circumstances:

 

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Termination Fee (page 132)

        If the merger agreement is terminated under certain circumstances involving alternative acquisition proposals, including circumstances involving changes in the recommendation of Sterling's or Umpqua's respective boards of directors, Sterling or Umpqua may be required to pay to the other party a termination fee equal to $75 million. These termination fees could discourage other companies from seeking to acquire or merge with Sterling or Umpqua.


Amendment to Umpqua's Articles of Incorporation (page 108 and Annex F)

        In connection with the merger, Umpqua's restated articles of incorporation will be amended at the effective time of the merger to increase the number of authorized shares of no par value common stock from 200,000,000 to 400,000,000 (which we refer to as the "articles amendment"), which is necessary for Umpqua to have enough authorized shares to issue the stock portion of the merger consideration. In addition to being necessary for Umpqua to issue the stock portion of the merger consideration, Umpqua's board of directors chose to propose an increase of 200,000,000 (in excess of the number required to authorize all of the shares to be issued in the merger) authorized shares to maintain Umpqua's flexibility in responding to future business and financing needs and opportunities.


Regulatory Approvals Required for the Merger (page 114)

        Subject to the terms of the merger agreement, both Sterling and Umpqua have agreed to use their reasonable best efforts to obtain all regulatory approvals necessary or advisable to complete the transactions contemplated by the merger agreement. These approvals include approvals from, among others, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (which we refer to as the "Federal Reserve Board"), the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (which we refer to as the "FDIC") and the Director of the Oregon Department of Consumer and Business Services (which we refer to as the "Oregon Director"). A notification to the Washington Department of Financial Institutions (which we refer to as the "Washington DFI") is also required. Umpqua and Sterling have filed applications and notifications to obtain the required regulatory approvals.

        Although neither Sterling nor Umpqua knows of any reason why these regulatory approvals cannot be obtained in a timely manner, Sterling and Umpqua cannot be certain when or if they will be obtained.


The Rights of Sterling Shareholders Will Change as a Result of the Merger (page 141)

        The rights of Sterling shareholders will change as a result of the merger due to differences in Umpqua's and Sterling's governing documents and states of incorporation. The rights of Sterling shareholders are governed by Washington law and by Sterling's articles of incorporation and bylaws, each as amended to date. Upon the completion of the merger, Sterling shareholders will become shareholders of Umpqua, as the continuing legal entity in the merger, and the rights of Sterling shareholders will therefore be governed by Oregon law and Umpqua's articles of incorporation and bylaws.

 

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        For example, members of Umpqua's board of directors are elected by a plurality of votes cast, whereas members of Sterling's board of directors are elected if the votes cast for a nominee exceeds the votes cast against (other than in contested elections). For Umpqua's shareholders, the Oregon Control Share Act restricts a shareholder's ability to vote shares acquired in certain transactions not approved by the Umpqua board of directors, and no such rule exists under Washington law for Sterling. Finally, under Washington law, dissenters' rights are available to holders of shares of public companies, such as Sterling, whereas generally under Oregon law dissenters' rights are not available to holders of shares of public companies, such as Umpqua.

        See "Comparison of Shareholders' Rights" for a description of the material differences in shareholders' rights under each of the Umpqua and Sterling governing documents.


Information About the Companies (pages 61 and 62)

Umpqua Holdings Corporation

        Umpqua Holdings Corporation, an Oregon corporation, is a bank holding company with two principal operating subsidiaries, Umpqua Bank and Umpqua Investments, Inc. With headquarters in Roseburg, Oregon, Umpqua Bank provides a wide range of banking, wealth management, mortgage and other financial services to corporate, institutional and individual customers. Umpqua Investments is a registered broker-dealer and investment advisor with offices in Portland, Lake Oswego, and Medford, Oregon and products and services offered through Umpqua Bank stores. Umpqua Investments offers a full range of investment products and services including stocks, fixed income securities, mutual funds, annuities, options, retirement planning, money management services and life insurance. At September 30, 2013, Umpqua had, on a consolidated basis, assets of $11.6 billion, deposits of $9.1 billion and shareholders' equity of $1.7 billion.

        Umpqua's stock is traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol "UMPQ."

        The principal executive offices of Umpqua are located at One SW Columbia Street, Suite 1200, Portland, Oregon 97258, and its telephone number at that location is (503) 727-4100. Additional information about Umpqua and its subsidiaries is included in documents incorporated by reference in this joint proxy statement/prospectus. See "Where You Can Find More Information," beginning on page 161.

Sterling Financial Corporation

        Sterling Financial Corporation, with headquarters in Spokane, Washington, is organized under the laws of Washington State as the bank holding company for Sterling Savings Bank. Sterling Savings Bank is a Washington state-chartered commercial bank that does business as Sterling Bank in Washington, Oregon and Idaho and as Argent Bank in California. Sterling Savings Bank offers retail and commercial banking products and services, mortgage lending and wealth management to individuals, small businesses, commercial organizations and corporations. At September 30, 2013, Sterling had, on a consolidated basis, assets of $10.0 billion, deposits of $6.9 billion and shareholders' equity of $1.2 billion.

        Sterling's stock is traded on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol "STSA."

        The principal executive offices of Sterling are located at 111 North Wall Street, Spokane, Washington 99201, and its telephone number at that location is (509) 358-8097. Additional information about Sterling and its subsidiaries is included in documents incorporated by reference in this joint proxy statement/prospectus. See "Where You Can Find More Information," beginning on page 161.

 

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Litigation Relating to the Merger (page 116)

        Sterling, its directors and Umpqua are named as defendants in three lawsuits pending in the Superior Court of Washington in and for Spokane County, which have been consolidated under the caption In re Sterling Financial Corporation Merger Litigation, Lead No. 13-2-03848-4. The consolidated litigation generally seeks, among other things, an injunction against consummation of the merger, rescission of the merger if it is effected, damages in an unspecified amount, and the payment of plaintiffs' attorneys fees and costs. The defendants believe that the lawsuits are without merit. On January 16, 2014 the parties to the consolidated litigation entered into a memorandum of understanding to settle the consolidated litigation (such memorandum including plaintiffs' agreement to stay the consolidated litigation, except for proceedings relating to the settlement), subject to court approval and other customary conditions, including the execution of definitive documentation. Sterling shareholders who are members of the proposed settlement class will, at a later date, receive written notice containing the terms of the proposed settlement and proposed release of class claims and related matters. See "The Merger—Litigation Relating to the Merger" beginning on page 116.


Risk Factors (page 43)

        You should consider all the information contained in or incorporated by reference into this joint proxy statement/prospectus in deciding how to vote for the proposals presented in the joint proxy statement/prospectus. In particular, you should consider the factors described under "Risk Factors."

 

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SELECTED CONSOLIDATED HISTORICAL FINANCIAL DATA OF UMPQUA

        The following selected consolidated financial information for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008 through December 31, 2012 is derived from audited consolidated financial statements of Umpqua. The consolidated financial information as of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 is derived from unaudited consolidated financial statements and, in the opinion of Umpqua's management, reflects all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of these data for those dates. The results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the entire fiscal year ending December 31, 2013. You should not assume the results of operations for any past periods indicate results for any future period. You should read this information in conjunction with Umpqua's consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included in Umpqua's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012, and in Umpqua's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the nine months ended September 30, 2013, which are incorporated by reference into this joint proxy statement/prospectus. See "Where You Can Find More Information."

 
  At or For the
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
  Years Ended December 31,  
 
  2013   2012   2012   2011   2010   2009   2008  
 
  (in thousands, except per share data)
 

Income Statement Financial Trends

                                           

Interest income

  $ 324,308   $ 343,344   $ 456,085   $ 501,753   $ 488,596   $ 423,732   $ 442,546  

Interest expense

    29,417     37,937     48,849     73,301     93,812     103,024     152,239  
                               

Net interest income

    294,891     305,407     407,236     428,452     394,784     320,708     290,307  

Provision for non-covered loan and lease losses

    12,989     16,883     21,796     46,220     113,668     209,124     107,678  

(Recapture of) provision for covered loan and lease losses

    (4,744 )   4,302     7,405     16,141     5,151          

Non-interest income

    94,656     89,842     136,829     84,118     75,904     73,516     107,118  

Non-interest expense

    262,100     261,268     357,314     338,611     311,063     267,178     215,588  

Goodwill impairment

                        111,952     982  

Merger related expenses

    7,197     338     2,338     360     6,675     273      
                               

Income (loss) before provision for (benefit from) income taxes

    112,005     112,458     155,212     111,238     34,131     (194,303 )   73,177  

Provision for (benefit from) income taxes

    38,914     38,525     53,321     36,742     5,805     (40,937 )   22,133  
                               

Net income (loss)

    73,091     73,933     101,891     74,496     28,326     (153,366 )   51,044  

Preferred stock dividends

                    12,192     12,866     1,620  

Dividends and undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities

    576     499     682     356     67     30     154  
                               

Net earnings (loss) available to common shareholders

  $ 72,515   $ 73,434   $ 101,209   $ 74,140   $ 16,067   $ (166,262 ) $ 49,270  
                               

Period End

                                           

Assets

  $ 11,569,297   $ 11,528,964   $ 11,795,443   $ 11,562,858   $ 11,668,710   $ 9,381,372   $ 8,597,550  

Earning assets

    10,195,187     10,265,806     10,465,505     10,263,923     10,374,131     8,344,203     7,491,498  

Non-covered loans and leases(1)

    7,228,904     6,248,425     6,681,080     5,888,098     5,658,987     5,999,267     6,131,374  

Covered loans, net of allowance

    397,083     515,045     477,078     622,451     785,898          

Deposits

    9,067,240     9,099,929     9,379,275     9,236,690     9,433,805     7,440,434     6,588,935  

Term debt

    252,017     254,123     253,605     255,676     262,760     76,274     206,531  

Junior subordinated debentures, at fair value

    86,718     84,538     85,081     82,905     80,688     85,666     92,520  

Junior subordinated debentures, at amortized cost

    101,979     102,302     110,985     102,544     102,866     103,188     103,655  

Common shareholders' equity

    1,725,995     1,714,093     1,724,039     1,672,413     1,642,574     1,362,182     1,284,830  

Total shareholders' equity

    1,725,995     1,714,093     1,724,039     1,672,413     1,642,574     1,566,517     1,487,008  

Common shares outstanding

    111,929     111,915     111,890     112,165     114,537     86,786     60,146  

Average

                                           

Assets

  $ 11,468,348   $ 11,453,844   $ 11,499,499   $ 11,600,435   $ 10,830,486   $ 8,975,178   $ 8,342,005  

Earning assets

    10,201,559     10,210,094     10,252,167     10,332,242     9,567,341     7,925,014     7,215,001  

Non-covered loans and leases(1)

    6,883,504     6,046,101     6,153,116     5,723,771     5,783,452     6,103,666     6,118,540  

Covered loans

    429,909     572,481     554,078     707,026     681,569          

Deposits

    9,038,527     9,096,862     9,124,619     9,301,978     8,607,980     7,010,739     6,459,576  

Term debt

    252,826     254,862     254,601     257,496     261,170     129,814     194,312  

Junior subordinated debentures

    189,457     185,819     187,139     184,115     184,134     190,491     226,349  

 

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  At or For the
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
  Years Ended December 31,  
 
  2013   2012   2012   2011   2010   2009   2008  
 
  (in thousands, except per share data)
 

Common shareholders' equity

    1,727,229     1,694,706     1,701,403     1,671,893     1,589,393     1,315,953     1,254,730  

Total shareholders' equity

    1,727,229     1,694,706     1,701,403     1,671,893     1,657,544     1,519,119     1,281,220  

Basic common shares outstanding

    111,934     111,928     111,935     114,220     107,922     70,399     60,084  

Diluted common shares outstanding

    112,154     112,159     112,151     114,409     108,153     70,399     60,424  

Per Common Share Data

                                           

Basic earnings (loss)

  $ 0.65   $ 0.66   $ 0.90   $ 0.65   $ 0.15   $ (2.36 ) $ 0.82  

Diluted earnings (loss)

    0.65     0.65     0.90     0.65     0.15     (2.36 )   0.82  

Book value

    15.42     15.32     15.41     14.91     14.34     15.70     21.36  

Cash dividends declared

    0.45     0.25     0.34     0.24     0.20     0.20     0.62  

Performance Ratios

                                           

Return on average assets(2)

    0.85 %   0.86 %   0.88 %   0.64 %   0.15 %   -1.85 %   0.59 %

Return on average common shareholders' equity(3)

    5.61 %   5.79 %   5.95 %   4.43 %   1.01 %   -12.63 %   3.93 %

Efficiency ratio(4),(5)

    68.52 %   65.61 %   65.54 %   65.58 %   66.90 %   95.34 %   54.08 %

Average common shareholders' equity to average assets

    15.06 %   14.80 %   14.80 %   14.41 %   14.68 %   14.66 %   15.04 %

Leverage ratio(6)

    10.96 %   11.36 %   11.44 %   10.91 %   10.56 %   12.79 %   12.38 %

Net interest margin (fully tax equivalent)(7)

    3.91 %   4.04 %   4.02 %   4.19 %   4.17 %   4.09 %   4.07 %

Non-interest revenue to total net revenue(8)

    24.30 %   22.73 %   25.15 %   16.41 %   16.13 %   18.65 %   26.95 %

Dividend payout ratio(9)

    69.23 %   37.87 %   37.78 %   36.92 %   133.33 %   -8.47 %   75.61 %

Asset Quality

                                           

Non-covered, non-performing loans and leases

  $ 44,741   $ 80,333   $ 70,968   $ 91,383   $ 145,248   $ 199,027   $ 133,366  

Non-covered, non-performing assets

    62,990     99,597     88,106     125,558     178,039     223,593     161,264  

Allowance for non-covered loan and lease losses

    84,694     84,759     85,391     92,968     101,921     107,657     95,865  

Net non-covered charge-offs

    13,686     25,092     29,373     55,173     119,404     197,332     96,717  

Non-covered, non-performing loans and leases to non-covered loans and leases

    0.62 %   1.29 %   1.06 %   1.55 %   2.57 %   3.32 %   2.18 %

Non-covered, non-performing assets to total assets

    0.54 %   0.86 %   0.75 %   1.09 %   1.53 %   2.38 %   1.88 %

Allowance for non-covered loan and lease losses to total non-covered loans and leases

    1.17 %   1.36 %   1.28 %   1.58 %   1.80 %   1.79 %   1.56 %

Allowance for non-covered credit losses to non-covered loans and leases

    1.19 %   1.40 %   1.30 %   1.59 %   1.82 %   1.81 %   1.58 %

(1)
Excludes loans held for sale.

(2)
Net earnings (loss) available to common shareholders divided by average assets.

(3)
Net earnings (loss) available to common shareholders divided by average common shareholders' equity.

(4)
Non-interest expense divided by the sum of net interest income (fully tax equivalent) and non-interest income.

(5)
The efficiency ratio calculation includes goodwill impairment charges of $112.0 million and $1.0 million in 2009 and 2008, respectively. Goodwill impairment losses are a non-cash expense that have no direct effect on Umpqua's or Umpqua Bank's liquidity or capital ratios.

(6)
Tier 1 capital divided by leverage assets. Leverage assets are defined as quarterly average total assets, net of goodwill, intangibles and certain other items as required by the Federal Reserve.

(7)
Net interest margin (fully tax equivalent) is calculated by dividing net interest income (fully tax equivalent) by average interest earnings assets.

(8)
Non-interest revenue divided by the sum of non-interest revenue and net interest income

(9)
Dividends declared per common share divided by basic earnings per common share.

 

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SELECTED CONSOLIDATED HISTORICAL FINANCIAL DATA OF STERLING

        The following selected consolidated financial information for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008 through December 31, 2012 is derived from audited consolidated financial statements of Sterling. The consolidated financial information as of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 and 2012 are derived from unaudited consolidated financial statements and, in the opinion of Sterling's management, reflects all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of these data for those dates. The results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2013 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the entire year ending December 31, 2013. You should not assume the results of operations for any past periods indicate results for any future period. You should read this information in conjunction with Sterling's consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included in Sterling's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012, and in Sterling's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the nine months ended September 30, 2013, which are incorporated by reference into this joint proxy statement/prospectus. See "Where You Can Find More Information."

 
  At or For the Nine Months Ended September 30,   Years Ended December 31,  
 
  2013   2012   2012   2011   2010   2009   2008  
 
  (in thousands, except per share amounts)
 

Income Statement Data:

                                           

Interest income

  $ 281,218   $ 294,946   $ 389,200   $ 404,292   $ 445,133   $ 599,347   $ 715,062  

Interest expense

    41,362     66,375     84,522     109,097     161,106     255,370     355,510  
                               

Net interest income

    239,856     228,571     304,678     295,195     284,027     343,977     359,552  

Provision for credit losses

        10,000     10,000     30,000     250,229     681,371     333,597  
                               

Net interest income (loss) after provision for credit losses

    239,856     218,571     294,678     265,195     33,798     (337,394 )   25,955  

Noninterest income

    111,459     123,026     154,253     126,328     136,965     123,814     91,895  

Noninterest expense before impairment charge

    248,941     265,664     355,253     352,390     395,045     369,974     305,517  

Goodwill impairment

                        227,558     223,765  
                               

Total noninterest expense

    248,941     265,664     355,253     352,390     395,045     597,532     529,282  
                               

Income (loss) before income taxes

    102,374     75,933     93,678     39,133     (224,282 )   (811,112 )   (411,432 )

Income tax (provision) benefit(1)

    (30,887 )   288,842     292,043             (26,982 )   75,898  
                               

Net income (loss)

    71,487     364,775     385,721     39,133     (224,282 )   (838,094 )   (335,534 )

Preferred stock dividend

                    (11,598 )   (17,369 )   (1,208 )

Other shareholder allocations(2)

                    (520,263 )        
                               

Net income (loss) applicable to common shareholders

  $ 71,487   $ 364,775   $ 385,721   $ 39,133   $ (756,143 ) $ (855,463 ) $ (336,742 )
                               

Earnings (loss) per common share:

                                           

Basic(3)

  $ 1.15   $ 5.87   $ 6.21   $ 0.63   $ (53.05 ) $ (1,087.41 ) $ (429.70 )

Diluted(3)

    1.13     5.81     6.14     0.63     (53.05 )   (1,087.41 )   (429.70 )

Dividends declared per common share(3)

  $ 0.75   $ 0.15   $ 0.80   $ 0.00   $ 0.00   $ 0.00   $ 19.80  

Weighted average shares outstanding:

                                           

Basic(3)

    62,280,542     62,110,498     62,122,862     61,955,659     14,253,869     786,701     783,662  

Diluted(3)

    63,271,060     62,745,177     62,772,079     62,231,208     14,253,869     786,701     783,662  

Other Data:

                                           

Book value per common share(3)

  $ 19.51   $ 20.14   $ 19.58   $ 14.16   $ 12.45   $ 36.80   $ 1,075.14  

Tangible book value per common share(3)

  $ 18.66   $ 19.44   $ 18.91   $ 13.96   $ 12.17   $ 9.21   $ 752.98  

Return on average assets

    1.00 %   5.18 %   4.10 %   0.42 %   (2.21 )%   (6.81 )%   (2.65 )%

Return on average common equity

    7.8 %   45.5 %   35.8 %   4.8 %   (297.2 )%   (129.8 )%   (28.8 )%

 

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  At or For the Nine Months Ended September 30,   Years Ended December 31,  
 
  2013   2012   2012   2011   2010   2009   2008  
 
  (in thousands, except per share amounts)
 

Dividend payout ratio

    65 %   3 %   13 %   0 %   0 %   0 %     *

Shareholders' equity to total assets

    12.2 %   13.2 %   13.2 %   9.6 %   8.1 %   3.0 %   8.9 %

Tangible common equity to tangible assets(4)

    11.7 %   12.8 %   12.8 %   9.4 %   8.0 %   0.1 %   4.7 %

Efficiency ratio(5)

    68.7 %   71.5 %   71.1 %   74.7 %   81.9 %   69.1 %   61.7 %

Tax equivalent net interest margin

    3.66 %   3.46 %   3.46 %   3.29 %   2.83 %   2.92 %   3.08 %

Nonperforming assets to total assets

    1.36 %   2.73 %   2.28 %   4.01 %   8.83 %   9.08 %   4.77 %

Employees (full-time equivalents)

    2,564     2,527     2,532     2,496     2,498     2,641     2,481  

Depository branches

    169     183     174     175     178     178     178  

Balance Sheet Data:

                                           

Total assets

  $ 9,984,336   $ 9,472,437   $ 9,236,910   $ 9,193,237   $ 9,493,169   $ 10,877,423   $ 12,790,716  

Loans receivable, net

    7,024,326     5,990,365     6,101,749     5,341,179     5,379,081     7,344,199     8,807,094  

Investments and MBS—available for sale

    1,498,377     2,049,961     1,513,157     2,547,876     2,825,010     2,160,325     2,639,290  

Investments—held to maturity

    175     1,716     206     1,747     13,464     17,646     175,830  

Deposits

    6,854,442     6,739,910     6,436,117     6,485,818     6,911,007     7,775,190     8,350,407  

FHLB advances

    1,027,807     155,401     605,330     405,609     407,211     1,337,167     1,726,549  

Securities sold under repurchase agreements and funds purchased             

    534,669     942,547     586,867     1,055,763     1,032,512     1,049,146     1,163,023  

Other borrowings

    245,298     245,293     245,294     245,290     245,285     248,281     248,276  

Shareholders' equity

    1,215,881     1,251,487     1,217,923     878,557     770,767     323,249     1,141,036  

Regulatory Capital Ratios:

                                           

Sterling:

                                           

Tier 1 leverage ratio

    11.8 %   12.7 %   12.1 %   11.4 %   10.1 %   3.5 %   9.2 %

Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio

    15.4 %   17.6 %   17.5 %   17.8 %   16.2 %   4.9 %   11.7 %

Total risk-based capital ratio

    16.7 %   18.9 %   18.7 %   19.1 %   17.5 %   7.9 %   13.0 %

Tier 1 common capital ratio

    12.2 %   13.9 %   13.6 %   13.8 %   12.4 %   3.6 %   9.3 %

Sterling Bank:

                                           

Tier 1 leverage ratio

    11.6 %   12.6 %   12.0 %   11.1 %   9.8 %   4.2 %   8.3 %

Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio

    15.1 %   17.5 %   17.2 %   17.4 %   15.7 %   5.9 %   10.6 %

Total risk-based capital ratio

    16.3 %   18.8 %   18.5 %   18.7 %   17.0 %   7.3 %   11.8 %

*
Not meaningful.

(1)
The income tax benefit during 2012 was from the release of a deferred tax asset valuation allowance.

(2)
The August 26, 2010 conversion of Sterling's Series C preferred stock into common stock resulted in an increase in income available to common shareholders. The October 22, 2010 conversion of Sterling's Series B and D preferred stock into common stock resulted in a decrease in income available to common shareholders.

(3)
Reflects the 1-for-66 reverse stock split in November 2010.

(4)
Common shareholders' equity less goodwill and other intangible assets, divided by assets, less goodwill and other intangible assets.

(5)
The efficiency ratio is noninterest expense, excluding OREO and amortization of core deposit intangibles, divided by net interest income (tax equivalent) plus noninterest income, excluding gain on sales of securities, other-than-temporary impairment losses on securities, charge on prepayment of debt and net gain on MT branch divestiture.

 

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UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

        The following unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information and explanatory notes show the impact on the historical financial positions and results of operations of Umpqua and Sterling and have been prepared to illustrate the effects of the merger involving Umpqua and Sterling under the acquisition method of accounting with Umpqua treated as the acquirer. The following unaudited pro forma condensed combined income statement and explanatory notes also separately show the impact on Umpqua's historical results of operations of its acquisition of Financial Pacific Holding Corp. ("FPHC"), and its subsidiary, Financial Pacific Leasing, Inc. ("FinPac Leasing"), and its subsidiaries, Financial Pacific Funding, Inc. ("FPF"), Financial Pacific Funding II, Inc. ("FPF II") and Financial Pacific Funding III, Inc. ("FPF III"). As part of the same transaction, Umpqua Holdings Corporation acquired two related entities, FPC Leasing Corporation ("FPC") and Financial Pacific Reinsurance Co, Ltd. ("FPR"). Prior to acquisition, all of the entities were consolidated as Financial Pacific Holdings LLC, and Subsidiaries ("FPH, LLC"). FPHC, FinPac Leasing, FPF, FPF II, FPF III, FPC and FPR are collectively referred to herein as "FinPac." The acquisition of FinPac occurred on July 1, 2013 (which we refer to as the "FinPac acquisition"). Under the acquisition method of accounting, the assets and liabilities of Sterling, as of the effective date of the merger, will be recorded by Umpqua at their respective fair values and the excess of the merger consideration over the fair value of Sterling's net assets will be allocated to goodwill. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet as of September 30, 2013 is presented as if the merger with Sterling had occurred on September 30, 2013. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined income statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012 and the nine months ended September 30, 2013 are presented as if the merger and the FinPac acquisition had occurred on January 1, 2012. The historical consolidated financial information has been adjusted to reflect factually supportable items that are directly attributable to the merger and the FinPac acquisition and, with respect to the income statements only, expected to have a continuing impact on consolidated results of operations.

        The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information is presented for illustrative purposes only and does not necessarily indicate the financial results of the combined companies had the companies actually been combined at the beginning of the period presented. The adjustments included in these unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements are preliminary and may be revised. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information also does not consider the impact of any potential revenue enhancements, anticipated cost savings and expense efficiencies, or asset dispositions, among other factors.

        As explained in more detail in the accompanying notes to the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information, the pro forma allocation of purchase price reflected in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information is subject to adjustment and may vary from the actual purchase price allocation that will be recorded at the time the merger is completed. Adjustments may include, but not be limited to, changes in (1) Sterling's balance sheet through the effective time of the merger; (2) the aggregate value of merger consideration paid if the price of Umpqua's stock varies from the assumed $16.22 per share, which represents the closing price of Umpqua common stock on September 30, 2013; (3) total merger related expenses if consummation and/or implementation costs vary from currently estimated amounts; and (4) the underlying values of assets and liabilities if market conditions differ from current assumptions.

        The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information is provided for informational purposes only. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information is not necessarily, and should not be assumed to be, an indication of the results that would have been achieved had the merger and the FinPac acquisition been completed as of the dates indicated or that may be achieved in the future. The preparation of the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information and

 

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related adjustments required management to make certain assumptions and estimates. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements should be read together with:


Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2013

 
  Umpqua
Historical
  Sterling
Historical
  Pro Forma
Merger
Adjustments
  Notes   Pro Forma
Combined
 

Assets

                             

Cash and due from banks

  $ 193,188   $ 119,690   $       $ 312,878  

Restricted cash

        6,651             6,651  

Interest bearing deposits

    503,369     223,338     (352,487 ) A     374,220  

Temporary investments

    534                 534  
                       

Total cash and cash equivalents          

    697,091     349,679     (352,487 )       694,283  
                       

Investment securities, trading

    4,012                 4,012  

Investment securities, available for sale

    1,910,082     1,498,377             3,408,459  

Investment securities, held to maturity

    5,766     175             5,941  

 

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Table of Contents

 
  Umpqua
Historical
  Sterling
Historical
  Pro Forma
Merger
Adjustments
  Notes   Pro Forma
Combined
 

Loans held for sale

    113,993     245,783             359,776  

Non-covered loans and leases

    7,228,904     7,163,024     (395,679 ) B     13,996,249  

Less: allowance for noncovered loan and lease losses

    (84,694 )   (138,698 )   138,698   C     (84,694 )
                       

Non-covered loans and leases, net

    7,144,210     7,024,326     (256,981 )       13,911,555  
                       

Covered loans and leases, net of allowance

    397,083                 397,083  

Restricted equity securities

    31,444     95,159             126,603  

Premises and equipment, net

    173,876     100,370     (2,575 ) D     271,671  

Mortgage servicing rights

    41,853     57,030     5,000   E     103,883  

Goodwill

    764,627     36,633     722,911   F     1,524,171  

Other intangible assets, net

    13,467     16,154     47,740   G     77,361  

Non-covered other real estate owned

    18,249     17,464     (3,493 ) H     32,220  

Covered other real estate owned

    2,980                 2,980  

FDIC indemnification asset

    29,427                 29,427  

Bank owned life insurance

    96,276     189,906             286,182  

Deferred tax asset

    20,341     282,561     18,569   I     321,471  

Accrued interest receivable

    24,760     29,614             54,374  

Other assets

    79,760     41,105             120,865  
                       

Total assets

  $ 11,569,297   $ 9,984,336   $ 178,684       $ 21,732,317  
                       

Liabilities

                             

Non-interest bearing demand deposits

  $ 2,421,008   $ 1,818,194   $ (55,157 ) J   $ 4,184,045  

Interest bearing deposits

    6,646,232     5,036,248     (150,738 ) J     11,531,742  
                       

Total deposits

    9,067,240     6,854,442     (205,895 )       15,715,787  
                       

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase—customer

   
215,310
   
34,669
   
       
249,979
 

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase—broker/dealer

        500,000             500,000  

Term debt

    252,017     1,027,807     5,000   K     1,284,824  

Junior subordinated debentures, at fair value

    86,718         154,298   L     241,016  

Junior subordinated debentures, at amortized cost

    101,979     245,298     (245,298 ) M     101,979  

Other liabilities

    120,038     106,239             226,277  
                       

Total liabilities

    9,843,302     8,768,455     (291,895 )       18,319,862  
                       

Shareholders' equity

                             

Preferred stock

                     

Common stock

    1,513,225     1,972,021     (233,561 ) N     3,251,685  

Surplus

                     

Retained earnings/accumulated deficit

    209,597     (786,059 )   734,059   O     157,597  

Accumulated other comprehensive income

    3,173     29,919     (29,919 ) P     3,173  
                       

Total shareholders' equity

    1,725,995     1,215,881     470,579         3,412,455  
                       

Total liabilities and shareholders' equity

  $ 11,569,297   $ 9,984,336   $ 178,684       $ 21,732,317  
                       

 

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Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Income for the
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2013

 
  Umpqua
Historical
  FPH, LLC
Historical
(1/1/2013 to
6/30/2013)
  FinPac
Pro Forma
Merger
Adjustments
(1/1/2013 to
9/30/2013)
  Notes   Sterling
Historical
  Sterling
Pro Forma
Merger
Adjustments
  Notes   Pro Forma
Combined
 

Interest Income:

                                             

Non-covered loans and leases

  $ 250,685   $ 29,033   $ (4,789 ) Q   $ 251,722   $ 8,045   Q   $ 534,696  

Covered loans

    41,167                             41,167  

Interest and dividends on investment securities

    31,519                 29,088             60,607  

Temporary investments and interest bearing deposits

    937                 408     (563 ) R     782  
                                   

Total interest income

    324,308     29,033     (4,789 )       281,218     7,482         637,252  
                                   

Interest Expense:

                                             

Deposits

    16,587                 18,386     3,164   S     38,137  

Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreement to repurchase

    99                 14,243             14,342  

Term debt

    6,916     3,507             4,355     (1,857 ) T     12,921  

Junior subordinated debentures

    5,815                 4,378             10,193  
                                   

Total interest expense

    29,417     3,507             41,362     1,307         75,593  
                                   

Net interest income

   
294,891
   
25,526
   
(4,789

)
     
239,856
   
6,175
       
561,659
 

Provision for credit losses—non-covered

    12,989     3,272       U         (2,100 ) U     14,161  

(Recapture of) provision for credit losses—covered

    (4,744 )                           (4,744 )
                                   

Net interest income after provision for (recapture of) credit losses

    286,646     22,254     (4,789 )       239,856     8,275         552,242  
                                   

Non-interest income:

                                             

Service charges on deposit accounts

    22,844                 42,129     (10,259 ) V     54,714  

Brokerage commissions and fees

    11,152                 2,999             14,151  

Mortgage banking revenue, net

    62,928                 50,468             113,396  

Gain on sale of investment securities, net

    18                             18  

Other than temporary impairment losses on investment securities

                                 

Portion of other-than-temporary impairment losses transferred from OCI

                                 

Loss on junior subordinated debentures carried at fair value

    (1,643 )                   (2,890 ) W     (4,533 )

Bargain purchase gain on acquisition

                    7,544             7,544  

Gain (loss) on other assets

    169                 915             1,084  

Charge on prepayment of debt

                                 

Gain on other loan sales

    2,744                 2,354             5,098  

Bank owned life insurance

    2,432                 4,621             7,053  

Change in FDIC indemnification asset

    (19,841 )                           (19,841 )

Other income

    13,853     1,312             429             15,594  
                                   

Total non-interest income

    94,656     1,312             111,459     (13,149 )       194,278  
                                   

Non-interest expense:

                                             

Salaries and employee benefits

    157,271     3,790     477   X     135,297     (98 ) X     296,737  

Net occupancy and equipment

    45,813     810             31,239             77,862  

Communications

    8,802     156             26,412             35,370  

Marketing

    3,753                 6,025             9,778  

Supplies

    2,120                 1,385             3,505  

Services

    18,339     1,382             12,030             31,751  

FDIC assessments

    5,032                 4,693             9,725  

Net (gain) loss on non-covered OREO

    (303 )               6,456             6,153  

Net loss on covered OREO

    154                             154  

Intangible amortization

    3,595     354             5,046     5,859   Y     14,854  

Merger related expense

    7,197                 7,200             14,397  

Other expenses

    17,524     2,104     (758 ) Z     13,158     1,420   Z     33,448  
                                   

Total non-interest expense

    269,297     8,596     (281 )       248,941     7,181         533,734  
                                   

Income before provision for income taxes

    112,005     14,970     (4,508 )       102,374     (12,055 )       212,786  

Provision for income taxes

    38,914     5,835     (1,578 ) AA     30,887     (4,219 ) AA     69,839  
                                   

Net income

  $ 73,091   $ 9,135   $ (2,930 )     $ 71,487   $ (7,836 )     $ 142,947  
                                   

Earnings per common share:

                                             

Basic

  $ 0.65   $             $ 1.15             $ 0.66  

Diluted

  $ 0.65   $             $ 1.13             $ 0.65  

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:

                                             

Basic

    111,934                 62,281     41,790   AB     216,005  

Diluted

    112,154                 63,271     44,368   AC     219,793  

 

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Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Income for the Year Ended
December 31, 2012

 
  Umpqua
Historical
  FPH, LLC
Historical
  FinPac
Pro Forma
Merger
Adjustments
  Notes   Sterling
Historical
  Sterling
Pro Forma
Merger
Adjustments
  Notes   Pro Forma
Combined
 

Interest Income:

                                             

Non-covered loans and leases

  $ 313,294   $ 58,210   $ (5,332 ) Q   $ 331,514   $ 11,652   Q   $ 709,338  

Covered loans

    73,518                             73,518  

Interest and dividends on investment securities

    68,345                 56,931             125,276  

Temporary investments and interest bearing deposits

    928                 755     (751 ) R     932  
                                   

Total interest income

    456,085     58,210     (5,332 )       389,200     10,901         909,064  
                                   

Interest Expense:

                                             

Deposits

    31,133                 37,697     13,657   S     82,487  

Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreement to repurchase

    288                 36,034             36,322  

Term debt

    9,279     7,401             4,254     (2,476 ) T     18,458  

Junior subordinated debentures

    8,149                 6,537             14,686  
                                   

Total interest expense

    48,849     7,401             84,522     11,181         151,953  
                                   

Net interest income

   
407,236
   
50,809
   
(5,332

)
     
304,678
   
(280

)
     
757,111
 
                                   

Provision for credit losses—non-covered

   
21,796
   
7,291
   
 

U

   
10,000
   
(2,500

)

U

   
36,587
 

(Recapture of) provision for credit losses—covered

    7,405                             7,405  
                                   

Net interest income after provision for (recapture of) credit losses              

    378,035     43,518     (5,332 )       294,678     2,220         713,119  
                                   

Non-interest income:

                                             

Service charges on deposit accounts

    28,299                 51,761     (13,642 ) V     66,418  

Brokerage commissions and fees

    12,967                 4,012             16,979  

Mortgage banking revenue, net

    84,216                 97,292             181,508  

Gain on sale of investment securities, net

    4,023                 23,835             27,858  

Other than temporary impairment losses on investment securities

    (51 )                           (51 )

Portion of other-than-temporary impairment losses transferred from OCI

    (104 )               (6,819 )           (6,923 )

Loss on junior subordinated debentures carried at fair value

    (2,203 )                   (3,853 ) W     (6,056 )

Bargain purchase gain on acquisition

                                 

Gain (loss) on other assets

    465                 6,515             6,980  

Charge on prepayment of debt

                    (35,342 )           (35,342 )

Gain on other loan sales

                    4,372             4,372  

Bank owned life insurance

    2,708                 8,625             11,333  

Change in FDIC indemnification asset

    (15,234 )                           (15,234 )

Other income

    21,743     4,132             2             25,877  
                                   

Total non-interest income

    136,829     4,132             154,253     (17,495 )       277,719  
                                   

Non-interest expense:

                                             

Salaries and employee benefits

    200,946     7,527     544   X     189,025     (403 ) X     397,639  

Net occupancy and equipment

    55,081     1,481             41,538             98,100  

Communications

    11,573     319             37,531             49,423  

Marketing

    5,064                 12,688             17,752  

Supplies

    2,506                 2,642             5,148  

Services

    25,823     2,806             16,691             45,320  

FDIC assessments

    7,308                 7,493             14,801  

Net (gain) loss on non-covered OREO

    9,245                 11,829             21,074  

Net loss on covered OREO

    3,410                             3,410  

Intangible amortization

    4,816     708             6,780     8,601   Y     20,905  

Merger related expense

    2,338                 11,976             14,314  

Other expenses

    31,542     3,260     (1,780 ) Z     17,060     1,446   Z     51,528  
                                   

Total non-interest expense

    359,652     16,101     (1,236 )       355,253     9,644         739,414  
                                   

Income before provision for income taxes

   
155,212
   
31,549
   
(4,096

)
     
93,678
   
(24,919

)
     
251,424
 

Provision for (benefit from) income taxes

    53,321     12,192     (1,434 ) AA     (292,043 )   (8,722 ) AA     236,686  
                                   

Net income

  $ 101,891   $ 19,357   $ (2,662 )     $ 385,721   $ (16,197 )     $ 488,110  
                                   

Earnings per common share:

                                             

Basic

  $ 0.90   $             $ 6.21             $ 2.26  

Diluted

  $ 0.90   $             $ 6.14             $ 2.22  

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:

                                             

Basic

    111,935                 62,123     41,684   AB     215,742  

Diluted

    112,151                 62,772     44,603   AC     219,526  

 

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Notes to Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Information

Note 1—Basis of Presentation

        The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information and explanatory notes have been prepared to illustrate the effects of the merger involving Umpqua and Sterling under the acquisition method of accounting with Umpqua treated as the acquirer. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information is presented for illustrative purposes only and does not necessarily indicate the financial results of the combined companies had the companies actually been combined at the beginning of each period presented, nor does it necessarily indicate the results of operations in future periods or the future financial position of the combined entities. Under the acquisition method of accounting, the assets and liabilities of Sterling, as of the effective date of the merger, will be recorded by Umpqua at their respective fair values and the excess of the merger consideration over the fair value of Sterling's net assets will be allocated to goodwill.

        The merger, which is currently expected to be completed in the first half of 2014, provides for Sterling common shareholders to receive 1.671 shares of Umpqua common stock and $2.18 in cash for each share of Sterling common stock they hold immediately prior to the merger. The value of the per share merger consideration would be approximately $30.90 based upon the closing price of Umpqua common stock on the date of merger announcement multiplied by the exchange ratio of 1.671 and adding the cash portion of the merger consideration of $2.18 per share. The pro forma allocation of purchase price reflected in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information is subject to adjustment and may vary from the actual purchase price allocation that will be recorded at the time the merger is completed. Adjustments may include, but not be limited to, changes in (i) Sterling's balance sheet through the effective time of the merger; (ii) the aggregate value of merger consideration paid if the price of Umpqua's stock varies from the assumed $16.22 per share, which represents the closing share price of Umpqua common stock on September 30, 2013; (iii) total merger related expenses if consummation and/or implementation costs vary from currently estimated amounts; and (iv) the underlying values of assets and liabilities if market conditions differ from current assumptions.

        The accounting policies of both Umpqua and Sterling are in the process of being reviewed in detail. Upon completion of such review, conforming adjustments or financial statement reclassification may be determined.


Note 2—Estimated Merger and Integration Costs

        In connection with the merger, the plan to integrate Umpqua's and Sterling's operations is still being developed. Over the next several months, the specific details of these plans will continue to be refined. Umpqua and Sterling are currently in the process of assessing the two companies' personnel, benefit plans, premises, equipment, computer systems, supply chain methodologies, and service contracts to determine where they may take advantage of redundancies or where it will be beneficial or necessary to convert to one system. Certain decisions arising from these assessments may involve involuntary termination of Sterling's personnel, vacating leased premises, changing information systems, canceling service contracts and selling or otherwise disposing of certain owned premises, furniture and equipment. Umpqua expects to incur merger-related expenses including system conversion costs, employee retention and severance agreements, communications to customers, among others. To the extent there are costs associated with these actions, the costs will be recorded based on the nature and timing of these related integration actions. Most acquisition and restructuring costs are recognized separately from a business combination and generally will be expensed as incurred. We estimate total merger related cost to be approximately $80 million. We have incurred $8.6 million of merger expense through September 30, 2013, and anticipate the majority of the remainder to be incurred in 2014.

 

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Note 3—Estimated Annual Cost Savings

        Umpqua expects to realize $87 million in annual pre-tax cost savings following the merger, which management expects to be phased-in over a two-year period, but there is no assurance that the anticipated cost savings will be realized on the anticipated time schedule or at all. These cost savings are not reflected in the presented pro forma financial information.


Note 4—Divestiture of Sterling Branches

        Due to competitive considerations of the merger in accordance with regulatory guidelines, Sterling branches in several banking markets will be divested in conjunction with the merger in order to obtain regulatory approval. These amounts are reflected in the pro forma adjustments below. However, other asset dispositions not required as further discussed in Note 2 are not included in pro forma adjustments.


Note 5—Preliminary Purchase Accounting Allocation

        The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information reflects the issuance of approximately 104,128,134 shares of Umpqua common stock and other purchase consideration totaling approximately $1.7 billion as well as cash consideration of approximately $135.8 million. The total purchase consideration includes an estimate of the fair value of the replacement stock options, warrants, and restricted stock units that is attributable to the pre-combination service period. The merger will be accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting; accordingly Umpqua will recognize Sterling's assets (including identifiable intangible assets) and liabilities at their respective estimated fair values as of the merger date. Accordingly, the pro forma purchase consideration and the

 

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assets acquired and the liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values are summarized in the following table.

 
  September 30, 2013  
 
  (dollars in thousands)
 

Fair value consideration paid to Sterling shareholders

             

Cash paid (62,314,862 shares at $2.18)

        $ 135,846  

Fair value of common shares issued (62,314,862 shares at approximately $27.10 price per share)

          1,688,958  

Fair value of warrants, common stock options, and restricted stock exchanged (6,056,814 shares at a weighted average pre-merger service period cost per share of approximately $8.17)

          49,502  
             

Total pro forma purchase price

        $ 1,874,306  

Fair value of assets acquired:

             

Cash and cash equivalents

  $ 185,038        

Investment securities

    1,498,552        

Non-covered loans and leases, net

    7,013,128        

Premises and equipment, net

    97,795        

Mortgage servicing rights

    62,030        

Other intangible assets, net

    63,894        

Non-covered other real estate owned

    13,971        

Bank owned life insurance

    189,906        

Deferred tax asset

    301,130        

Accrued interest receivable

    29,614        

Other assets

    136,264        
             

Total assets acquired

  $ 9,591,322        

Fair value of liabilities assumed:

             

Deposits

  $ 6,648,547        

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase

    534,669        

Term debt

    1,032,807        

Junior subordinated debentures

    154,298        

Other liabilities

    106,239        
             

Total liabilities assumed

  $ 8,476,560        
             

Net assets acquired

        $ 1,114,762  
             

Preliminary pro forma goodwill

        $ 759,544  
             

 

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Note 6—Pro Forma Adjustments

        The following pro forma adjustments have been reflected in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information. All adjustments are based on current assumptions and valuations, which are subject to change.

Balance Sheet
(amounts in thousands)
   
 

A

 

Adjustments to cash and cash equivalents

       

 

To reflect cash used to purchase Sterling

  $ (135,846 )

 

To reflect cash paid for merger expenses

    (52,000 )

 

To reflect cash paid for divestiture of Sterling branches

    (164,641 )
           

      $ (352,487 )
           

B

 

Adjustments to non-covered loans and leases

       

 

To reflect estimated fair value at merger date. The adjustment to loans is primarily related to credit deterioration in the acquired loan portfolio. The credit adjustment to loans is calculated as 3.5% of gross loans. During Umpqua's due diligence on Sterling, Umpqua reviewed loan information across collateral types and geographic distributions. Umpqua applied traditional loan examination methodologies to arrive at the fair value adjustment. The rate adjustment to loans reflects estimated fair value at merger date based on current market rates for similar assets and will be accreted to income using the effective yield method over the contractual lives of the loans, which is approximately ten years. 

  $ (302,000 )

 

To reflect loans sold with divestiture of Sterling branches at merger date. 

    (93,679 )
           

      $ (395,679 )
           

C

 

Adjustment to allowance for non-covered loan and lease losses

       

 

To remove Sterling allowance at merger date as the credit risk is contemplated in the fair value adjustment in Adjustment B above. 

  $ 138,698  

D

 

Adjustment to premises and equipment, net

       

 

To reflect divestiture of Sterling branches at merger date. 

  $ (2,575 )

E

 

Adjustment to mortgage servicing rights

       

 

To reflect estimated fair value at merger date based on current market rates for similar assets. 

  $ 5,000  

F

 

Adjustments to goodwill

       

 

To remove Sterling goodwill at merger date

  $ (36,633 )

 

To reflect the goodwill associated with the merger

    759,544  
           

      $ 722,911  
           

G

 

Adjustments to other intangible assets, net

       

 

To remove Sterling other intangible assets, net

  $ (16,154 )

 

To record the estimated fair value of acquired identifiable intangible assets, calculated as 1.25% of Sterling core deposits. The acquired core deposit intangible will be amortized over ten years using a sum-of-the-years-digits method. 

    63,894  
           

      $ 47,740  
           

H

 

Adjustment to non-covered other real estate owned

       

 

To record the estimated fair value of acquired non-covered other real estate owned.                                

  $ (3,493 )

 

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Balance Sheet
(amounts in thousands)
   
 

I

 

Adjustments to deferred tax asset

       

 

To reflect deferred tax asset created in the merger, which is calculated as follows:

       

 

Adjustments to non-covered loans and leases

  $ 302,000  

 

Adjustment to allowance for non-covered loan and lease losses

    (138,698 )

 

Adjustment to mortgage servicing rights

    (5,000 )

 

Adjustments to other intangible assets, net

    (47,740 )

 

Adjustment to non-covered other real estate owned

    3,493  

 

Adjustments to deposits

    25,000  

 

Adjustments to term debt

    5,000  

 

Adjustment to junior subordinated debentures

    (91,000 )
           

 

Subtotal for fair value adjustments

  $ 53,055  
           

 

Calculated deferred tax asset at Umpqua's estimated statutory tax rate of 35%

  $ 18,569  
           

J

 

Adjustments to deposits

       

 

To reflect estimated fair value at merger date based on current market rates for similar products. This adjustment will be accreted to interest expense over the estimated lives of the deposits, which is approximately three years. 

  $ 25,000  

 

To reflect deposits sold with divestiture of Sterling branches at merger date.

       

 

Non-interest bearing demand deposits

    (55,157 )

 

Interest bearing deposits

    (175,738 )
           

      $ (205,895 )
           

K

 

Adjustment to term debt

       

 

To reflect estimated fair value at merger date based on current market rates and spreads for similar borrowings. This estimated premium will be accreted to interest expense over the remaining contractual life of such borrowings, which is approximately three years. 

  $ 5,000  

L

 

Adjustment to junior subordinated debentures, at fair value

       

 

To reclassify junior subordinated debentures, at amortized cost to junior subordinated debentures, at fair value. Junior subordinated debentures acquired will be held at fair value. 

  $ 245,298  

 

To reflect estimated fair value at merger date based on third party valuation. 

    (91,000 )
           

      $ 154,298  
           

M

 

Adjustment to junior subordinated debentures, at amortized cost

       

 

To reclassify junior subordinated debentures, at amortized cost to junior subordinated debentures, at fair value. Junior subordinated debentures acquired will be held at fair value. 

  $ (245,298 )

N

 

Adjustments to common stock

       

 

To eliminate historical Sterling common stock

  $ (1,972,021 )

 

To reflect the issuance and exchange of Umpqua common stock to Sterling shareholders

    1,738,460  
           

      $ (233,561 )
           

O

 

Adjustment to retained earnings/accumulated deficit

       

 

To eliminate historical Sterling accumulated deficit

  $ 786,059  

 

To adjust for after tax merger expenses

    (52,000 )
           

      $ 734,059  
           

P

 

Adjustment to accumulated other comprehensive income

       

 

To eliminate historical Sterling accumulated other comprehensive income

  $ (29,919 )

 

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Income Statements
(amounts in thousands)
  Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2013
  Year Ended
December 31, 2012
 

Q

 

Adjustments to non-covered loans and leases interest income

             

 

FinPac

             

 

To reflect adjusted interest income from leases due to the estimated loss of income from the write-off of FinPac's loan mark and the amortization of the new interest rate mark and the accretion of the acquisition accounting adjustment relating to the credit mark. The amortization period will be the contractual lives of the leases, which is approximately four years, and will be amortized into income using the effective yield method.                               

  $ (4,789 ) $ (5,332 )

 

Sterling

             

 

To reflect accretion of loan rate discount resulting from non-covered loans and leases fair value pro forma Adjustment B using effective yield methodology over the estimated lives of the acquired loan portfolio, which is approximately ten years. 

  $ 6,932   $ 11,068  

 

To reclassify miscellaneous loan fees from service charges on deposit accounts to non-covered loans and leases interest income to conform with consolidated presentation. 

    4,444     5,967  

 

To reflect non-covered loans and leases interest income on branches divested at merger date. 

    (3,331 )   (5,383 )
               

      $ 8,045   $ 11,652  
               

R

 

Adjustments to interest income on temporary investments and interest bearing deposits

             

 

Sterling

             

 

To reflect adjusted interest income on temporary investments and interest bearing cash due to cash paid for purchase and divestiture of Sterling branches.                                    

  $ (563 ) $ (751 )

S

 

Adjustments to interest expense on deposits

             

 

Sterling

             

 

To reflect amortization of deposit premium resulting from deposit fair value pro forma Adjustment J based on weighted average life of time deposits being approximately three years. 

  $ 3,718   $ 14,864  

 

To reflect interest expense on branches divested at merger date. 

    (554 )   (1,207 )
               

      $ 3,164   $ 13,657  
               

T

 

Adjustments to interest expense on term debt

             

 

Sterling

             

 

To reflect amortization of term debt premium resulting from term debt fair value pro forma Adjustment K based on weighted average life of borrowings of 15.25 months. 

  $ (1,857 ) $ (2,476 )

 

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Income Statements
(amounts in thousands)
  Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2013
  Year Ended
December 31, 2012
 

U

 

Adjustments to provision for credit losses—non-covered

             

 

FinPac

             

 

With acquired leases recorded at fair value, Umpqua would expect a reduction in the historical provision for loan and lease losses from FinPac, however no adjustment to the historical amount of FinPac provision for loan and lease losses is reflected in this pro forma financial information.

             

 

Sterling

             

 

To reclassify reserve for unfunded commitments from non-covered provision for credit losses to other expenses to conform with consolidated presentation.                             

  $ (2,100 ) $ (2,500 )

 

With acquired loans recorded at fair value, Umpqua would expect a reduction in the provision for loan losses from Sterling, however no adjustment to the historical amount of Sterling provision for loan losses is reflected in this pro forma financial information.

             

V

 

Adjustments to service charges on deposit accounts

             

 

Sterling

             

 

To reflect service charges on deposit accounts on branches divested at merger date.              

  $ (1,765 ) $ (2,275 )

 

To reclassify miscellaneous loan fees from service charges on deposit accounts to non-covered loans and leases interest income to conform with consolidated presentation. 

    (4,444 )   (5,967 )

 

To reflect lower service charges on deposit accounts as a result of passing $10 billion asset threshold. 

    (4,050 )   (5,400 )
               

      $ (10,259 ) $ (13,642 )
               

W

 

Adjustment to loss on junior subordinated debentures carried at fair value

             

 

Sterling

             

 

To reflect change in fair value of junior subordinated debenture discount resulting from junior subordinated debenture fair value pro forma Adjustment L based on remaining average life of junior subordinated debentures of 23.6 years. 

  $ (2,890 ) $ (3,853 )

 

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Income Statements
(amounts in thousands)
  Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2013
  Year Ended
December 31, 2012
 

X

 

Adjustments to salaries and employee benefits

             

 

FinPac

             

 

To reflect additional compensation expense related to restricted stock granted to FinPac management. 

  $ 615   $ 820  

 

To remove Financial Pacific Holdings LLC salaries and employee benefits

    (308 )   (276 )

 

To reclassify private equity compensation expense from other expense

    170      
               

      $ 477   $ 544  
               

 

Sterling

             

 

To reflect salaries and employee benefits related to branches divested at merger date.          

  $ (1,737 ) $ (2,588 )

 

To reflect additional compensation expense related to restricted stock granted to Sterling management and retention bonuses of top five retained executives. 

    1,639     2,185  
               

      $ (98 ) $ (403 )
               

Y

 

Adjustments to amortization of intangibles

             

 

Sterling

             

 

To reflect amortization of acquired intangible assets based on amortization period of ten years and using the sum-of-the-years-digits method of amortization

  $ 5,859   $ 8,601  

Z

 

Adjustments to other expenses

             

 

FinPac

             

 

To remove management fees. 

  $ (567 ) $ (1,219 )

 

To remove director compensation and travel fees. 

    (21 )   (64 )

 

To remove Financial Pacific Holdings LLC other expenses

        (497 )

 

To reclassify private equity compensation expense to salaries and employee benefits

    (170 )    
               

      $ (758 ) $ (1,780 )
               

 

Sterling

             

 

To reclassify reserve for unfunded commitments from non-covered provision for credit losses to other expenses to conform with consolidated presentation.                               

  $ 2,100   $ 2,500  

 

To reflect other expenses related to branches divested at merger date. 

    (680 )   (1,054 )
               

      $ 1,420   $ 1,446  
               

 

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Income Statements
(amounts in thousands)
  Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2013
  Year Ended
December 31, 2012
 

AA

 

Adjustments to income tax provision (benefit)

             

 

FinPac

             

 

To reflect the income tax effect of pro forma adjustments at Umpqua's estimated statutory tax rate of 35%

  $ (1,578 ) $ (1,434 )

 

Sterling

             

 

To reflect the income tax effect of pro forma adjustments at Umpqua's estimated statutory tax rate of 35%

  $ (4,219 ) $ (8,722 )

AB

 

Adjustments to weighted average number of common shares outstanding—Basic

             

 

Sterling

             

 

To reflect acquisition of Sterling common shares. 

    (62,281 )   (62,123 )

 

To reflect issuance of Umpqua common stock as Sterling shareholders will receive 1.671 shares of Umpqua common stock for each share of Sterling common stock they hold immediately prior to the merger. 

    104,071     103,807  
               

        41,790     41,684  
               

AC

 

Adjustments to weighted average number of common shares outstanding—Diluted

             

 

Sterling

             

 

To reflect acquisition of Sterling common shares. 

    (63,271 )   (62,772 )

 

To reflect issuance of Umpqua common stock as Sterling shareholders will receive 1.671 shares of Umpqua common stock for each share of Sterling common stock they hold immediately prior to the merger. 

    107,639     107,375  
               

        44,368     44,603  
               

 

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COMPARATIVE PER SHARE DATA

(Unaudited)

        Presented below are unaudited per share basic and diluted earnings, cash dividends and book value for (1) Umpqua and Sterling on a historical basis, (2) Umpqua and FinPac on a pro forma combined basis and (3) Umpqua and Sterling on a pro forma combined and pro forma equivalent basis, in each case as of and for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012 and as of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2013. The information presented below should be read together with the historical consolidated financial statements of Umpqua, FinPac and Sterling, including the related notes incorporated by reference into this joint proxy statement/prospectus. See "Where You Can Find More Information."

        The unaudited pro forma and pro forma per equivalent share information gives effect to the merger and the FinPac acquisition as if the merger and the FinPac acquisition had been effective on December 31, 2012 or September 30, 2013 in the case of the book value data, and as if the merger had been effective as of January 1, 2012 in the case of the earnings per share and the cash dividends data. The unaudited pro forma data combines separately the historical results of Sterling and FinPac into Umpqua's consolidated statement of income. While certain adjustments were made for the estimated impact of fair value adjustments and other acquisition-related activity, they are not indicative of what would have occurred had these acquisitions taken place on January 1, 2012.

        The unaudited pro forma adjustments are based upon available information and certain assumptions that Umpqua and Sterling management believe are reasonable. The unaudited pro forma data, while helpful in illustrating the financial characteristics of the combined company under one set of assumptions, does not reflect the impact of factors that may result as a consequence of the merger or the FinPac acquisition or consider any potential impacts of current market conditions or the merger or the FinPac acquisition on revenues, expense efficiencies, asset dispositions, among other factors, nor the impact of possible business model changes. As a result, unaudited pro forma data is presented for illustrative purposes only and does not represent an attempt to predict or suggest future results. Upon completion of the merger, the operating results of Sterling will be reflected in the consolidated financial statements of Umpqua on a prospective basis.

 

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  Umpqua   Pro Forma
Combined
Umpqua and
FinPac
  Sterling
Historical
  Umpqua Pro
Forma
Combined
  Sterling Pro
Forma Per
Equivalent
Sterling
Share(1)
 

Basic Earnings

                               

Nine months ended September 30, 2013

  $ 0.65   $ 0.71   $ 1.15   $ 0.66   $ 1.11  

Year ended December 31, 2012

  $ 0.90   $ 1.06   $ 6.21   $ 2.26   $ 3.78  

Diluted Earnings

                               

Nine months ended September 30, 2013

  $ 0.65   $ 0.71   $ 1.13   $ 0.65   $ 1.09  

Year ended December 31, 2012

  $ 0.90   $ 1.06   $ 6.14   $ 2.22   $ 3.72  

Cash Dividends Paid(2)

                               

Nine months ended September 30, 2013

  $ 0.45   $ 0.45   $ 0.75   $ 0.45   $ 0.75  

Year ended December 31, 2012

  $ 0.34   $ 0.34   $ 0.80   $ 0.34   $ 0.57  

Book Value

                               

September 30, 2013

  $ 15.42   $ 15.48   $ 19.51   $ 15.80   $ 26.40  

December 31, 2012

  $ 15.41   $ 15.57   $ 19.58   $ 15.59   $ 26.04  

(1)
Computed by multiplying the Umpqua pro forma combined amounts by the exchange ratio of 1.671.

(2)
Pro forma combined cash dividends paid are based only upon Umpqua's historical amounts

 

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RISK FACTORS

        In addition to general investment risks and the other information contained in or incorporated by reference into this joint proxy statement/prospectus, including the matters addressed under the section "Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements," you should carefully consider the following risk factors in deciding how to vote on the proposals presented in this joint proxy statement/prospectus. You should also consider the other information in this joint proxy statement/prospectus and the other documents incorporated by reference into this joint proxy statement/prospectus. See "Where You Can Find More Information."

Because the market price of Umpqua common stock will fluctuate, the value of the merger consideration to be received by Sterling shareholders is uncertain.

        Upon completion of the merger, each share of Sterling common stock (except for specified shares of Sterling common stock held by Sterling or Umpqua and any dissenting shares) will be converted into 1.671 shares of Umpqua common stock and $2.18 in cash, without interest. The market value of the shares of Umpqua common stock to be received as part of the merger consideration will vary from the closing price of Umpqua common stock on the date Umpqua and Sterling announced the merger, on the date that this joint proxy statement/prospectus is mailed to Sterling shareholders, on the date of the special meeting of the Sterling shareholders and on the date the merger is completed and thereafter. Any change in the market price of Umpqua common stock prior to the completion of the merger will affect the market value of the merger consideration that Sterling shareholders will receive upon completion of the merger, and there will be no adjustment to the merger consideration for changes in the market price of either shares of Umpqua common stock or shares of Sterling common stock. Stock price changes may result from a variety of factors that are beyond the control of Umpqua and Sterling, including, but not limited to, general market and economic conditions, changes in our respective businesses, operations and prospects and regulatory considerations. Therefore, at the time of the Sterling special meeting you will not know the precise market value of the consideration Sterling shareholders will receive at the effective time of the merger. You should obtain current market quotations for shares of Umpqua common stock and for shares of Sterling common stock.

The market price of Umpqua common stock after the merger may be affected by factors different from those affecting the shares of Sterling or Umpqua currently.

        Upon completion of the merger, holders of Sterling common stock will become holders of Umpqua common stock. Umpqua's business differs in important respects from that of Sterling, and, accordingly, the results of operations of the combined company and the market price of Umpqua common stock after the completion of the merger may be affected by factors different from those currently affecting the independent results of operations of each of Umpqua and Sterling. For a discussion of the businesses of Umpqua and Sterling and of some important factors to consider in connection with those businesses, see the documents incorporated by reference in this joint proxy statement/prospectus and referred to under "Where You Can Find More Information."

Regulatory approvals may not be received, may take longer than expected or may impose conditions that are not presently anticipated or that could have an adverse effect on the combined company following the merger.

        Before the merger and the bank merger may be completed, Umpqua and Sterling must obtain approvals from the Federal Reserve Board, the FDIC and the Oregon Director, and file a notification to the Washington DFI. Other approvals, waivers or consents from regulators may also be required. In determining whether to grant these approvals the regulators consider a variety of factors, including the regulatory standing of each party and the factors described under "The Merger—Regulatory Approvals Required for the Merger." An adverse development in either party's regulatory standing or these factors could result in an inability to obtain approval or delay its receipt. These regulators may impose

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conditions on the completion of the merger or the bank merger or require changes to the terms of the merger or the bank merger. Such conditions or changes could have the effect of delaying or preventing completion of the merger or the bank merger or imposing additional costs on or limiting the revenues of the combined company following the merger and the bank merger, any of which might have an adverse effect on the combined company following the merger. See "The Merger—Regulatory Approvals Required for the Merger."

Combining the two companies may be more difficult, costly or time consuming than expected and the anticipated benefits and cost savings of the merger may not be realized.

        Umpqua and Sterling have operated and, until the completion of the merger, will continue to operate, independently. The success of the merger, including anticipated benefits and cost savings, will depend, in part, on Umpqua's ability to successfully combine and integrate the businesses of Umpqua and Sterling in a manner that permits growth opportunities and does not materially disrupt the existing customer relations nor result in decreased revenues due to loss of customers. It is possible that the integration process could result in the loss of key employees, the disruption of either company's ongoing businesses or inconsistencies in standards, controls, procedures and policies that adversely affect the combined company's ability to maintain relationships with clients, customers, depositors and employees or to achieve the anticipated benefits and cost savings of the merger. The loss of key employees could adversely affect Umpqua's ability to successfully conduct its business, which could have an adverse effect on Umpqua's financial results and the value of its common stock. If Umpqua experiences difficulties with the integration process, the anticipated benefits of the merger may not be realized fully or at all, or may take longer to realize than expected. As with any merger of financial institutions, there also may be business disruptions that cause Umpqua and/or Sterling to lose customers or cause customers to remove their accounts from Umpqua and/or Sterling and move their business to competing financial institutions. Integration efforts between the two companies will also divert management attention and resources. These integration matters could have an adverse effect on each of Umpqua and Sterling during this transition period and for an undetermined period after completion of the merger on the combined company. In addition, the actual cost savings of the merger could be less than anticipated.

The fairness opinions obtained by Umpqua and Sterling from their respective financial advisors will not reflect changes in circumstances between the date of the signing of the merger agreement and the completion of the merger.

        Umpqua has obtained a fairness opinion dated September 10, 2013 from J.P. Morgan and Sterling has obtained a fairness opinion dated September 11, 2013 from Sandler O'Neill, and such opinions have not been updated as of the date of this document and will not be updated at the time of the completion of the merger. Changes in the operations and prospects of Umpqua or Sterling, general market and economic conditions and other factors that may be beyond the control of Umpqua and Sterling, and on which the fairness opinions were based, may alter the value of Umpqua or Sterling or the prices of shares of Umpqua common stock or Sterling common stock by the time the merger is completed. The fairness opinions do not address the fairness of the merger consideration, from a financial point of view, at the time the merger is completed or as of any other date than the date of the opinions. The fairness opinions that Sterling and Umpqua received from their respective financial advisors are attached as Annex D and Annex E to this joint proxy statement/prospectus. For a description of the opinions, see "The Merger—Opinion of Sandler O'Neill" and "The Merger—Opinion of J.P. Morgan." For a description of the other factors considered by Umpqua's board of directors in determining to approve the merger, see "The Merger—Umpqua's Reasons for the Merger; Recommendation of Umpqua's Board of Directors." For a description of the other factors considered by Sterling's board of directors in determining to approve the merger, see "The Merger—Sterling's Reasons for the Merger; Recommendation of Sterling's Board of Directors."

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The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements included in this document are preliminary and the actual financial condition and results of operations after the merger may differ materially.

        The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements in this document are presented for illustrative purposes only and are not necessarily indicative of what Umpqua's actual financial condition or results of operations would have been had the merger been completed on the dates indicated. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements reflect adjustments, which are based upon assumptions and preliminary estimates, to record the Sterling identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed at fair value and the resulting goodwill recognized. The purchase price allocation reflected in this document is preliminary, and final allocation of the purchase price will be based upon the actual purchase price and the fair value of the assets and liabilities of Sterling as of the date of the completion of the merger. Accordingly, the final acquisition accounting adjustments may differ materially from the pro forma adjustments reflected in this document. For more information, see "Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statements" beginning on page 27.

Certain of Sterling's directors and executive officers have interests in the merger that may differ from the interests of Sterling's shareholders.

        Sterling's shareholders should be aware that some of Sterling's directors and executive officers have interests in the merger and have arrangements that are different from, or in addition to, those of Sterling's shareholders generally. These interests and arrangements may create potential conflicts of interest. Sterling's board of directors was aware of these interests and considered these interests, among other matters, when making its decision to approve the merger agreement, and in recommending that Sterling's shareholders vote in favor of approving the merger agreement.

        These interests include the following:

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        For a more complete description of these interests, see "The Merger—Interests of Sterling's Directors and Executive Officers in the Merger."

Termination of the merger agreement could negatively impact Umpqua or Sterling.

        If the merger agreement is terminated, there may be various consequences. For example, Umpqua's or Sterling's businesses may have been impacted adversely by the failure to pursue other beneficial opportunities due to the focus of management on the merger, without realizing any of the anticipated benefits of completing the merger. Additionally, if the merger agreement is terminated, the market price of Umpqua's or Sterling's common stock could decline to the extent that the current market prices reflect a market assumption that the merger will be completed. If the merger agreement is terminated under certain circumstances, Umpqua or Sterling may be required to pay to the other party a termination fee of $75 million.

Umpqua and Sterling will be subject to business uncertainties and contractual restrictions on their respective operations while the merger is pending.

        Both Umpqua and Sterling will be subject to business uncertainties and contractual restrictions on their respective operations while the merger is pending. For instance, uncertainty about the effect of the merger on employees and customers may have an adverse effect on Umpqua or Sterling. These uncertainties may impair Umpqua's or Sterling's ability to attract, retain and motivate key personnel until the merger is completed, and could cause customers and others that deal with Umpqua or Sterling to seek to change existing business relationships with Umpqua or Sterling. Retention of certain employees by Umpqua or Sterling may be challenging while the merger is pending, as certain employees may experience uncertainty about their future roles with Umpqua or Sterling. If key employees depart because of issues relating to the uncertainty and difficulty of integration or a desire not to remain with Umpqua or Sterling, Umpqua's business or Sterling's business could be harmed. In addition, subject to certain exceptions, each of Umpqua and Sterling has agreed to operate its business in the ordinary course, and to comply with certain other operational restrictions, prior to closing. See "The Merger Agreement—Covenants and Agreements" for a description of the restrictive covenants applicable to Umpqua and Sterling.

If the merger is not completed, Umpqua and Sterling will have incurred substantial expenses without realizing the expected benefits of the merger.

        Each of Umpqua and Sterling has incurred and will incur substantial expenses in connection with the negotiation and completion of the transactions contemplated by the merger agreement, as well as the costs and expenses of filing, printing and mailing this joint proxy statement/prospectus and all filing and other fees paid to the SEC in connection with the merger. If the merger is not completed, Umpqua and Sterling would have to recognize these expenses without realizing the expected benefits of the merger.

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The merger agreement limits Umpqua's and Sterling's ability to pursue acquisition proposals and requires each company to pay a termination fee of $75 million under certain circumstances relating to acquisition proposals. These and other provisions of the merger agreement, of Umpqua's and Sterling's articles of incorporation and bylaws and of Oregon and Washington law may deter potential acquirers.

        The merger agreement prohibits Umpqua and Sterling from soliciting, initiating, knowingly encouraging or knowingly facilitating certain third-party acquisition proposals. See "The Merger Agreement—Agreement Not to Solicit Other Offers". The merger agreement also provides that Umpqua or Sterling must pay a termination fee in the amount of $75 million in the event that the merger agreement is terminated under certain circumstances, including, in certain circumstances, a termination resulting from such party's failure to abide by certain obligations not to solicit acquisition proposals. See "The Merger Agreement—Termination Fee." Further, the merger agreement also prohibits each of Sterling and Umpqua from waiving confidentiality and standstill provisions in its favor in existing agreements with third parties. These provisions may discourage or prohibit, as applicable, a potential competing acquirer that might have an interest in acquiring all or a significant part of Sterling or Umpqua from considering or proposing such an acquisition. Additionally, Umpqua's restated articles of incorporation authorize the board of directors, when evaluating a merger, tender offer or exchange offer, sale of substantially all assets or similar transaction to consider the effects on Umpqua's employees, customers, suppliers and communities as well as its shareholders. This provision can be amended only by the affirmative vote of at least 75% of outstanding shares. In addition, under both Oregon and Washington law, certain business combinations involving Umpqua or Sterling with their large shareholders are restricted without the approval of the board of directors of Umpqua or Sterling, respectively. See "Comparison of Shareholders' Rights—Anti-Takeover Provisions and Other Shareholder Protections."

        These provisions and agreements, and other provisions of Umpqua's or Sterling's articles of incorporation or bylaws or of the Oregon Business Corporation Act (which we refer to as the "OBCA") or WBCA, could make it more difficult for a third-party to acquire control of Umpqua or Sterling or may discourage a potential competing acquirer.

The shares of Umpqua common stock to be received by Sterling shareholders as a result of the merger will have different rights from the shares of Sterling common stock.

        Upon completion of the merger, Sterling shareholders will become Umpqua shareholders and their rights as shareholders will be governed by the OBCA and the Umpqua articles of incorporation and bylaws. The rights associated with Sterling common stock are different from the rights associated with Umpqua common stock. For example, members of Umpqua's board of directors are elected by a plurality of votes cast, whereas members of Sterling's board of directors are elected if the votes cast for a nominee exceeds the votes cast against (other than in contested elections). For Umpqua's shareholders, the Oregon Control Share Act restricts a shareholder's ability to vote shares acquired in certain transactions not approved by the Umpqua board of directors, and no such rule exists under Washington law for Sterling. Finally, under Washington law, dissenters' rights are available to holders of shares of public companies, such as Sterling, whereas generally under Oregon law dissenters' rights are not available to holders of shares of public companies, such as Umpqua. Please see "Comparison of Shareholders' Rights" beginning on page 141 for a further discussion of the different rights associated with Umpqua common stock.

Holders of Sterling and Umpqua common stock will have a reduced ownership and voting interest after the merger and will exercise less influence over management.

        Holders of Sterling and Umpqua common stock currently have the right to vote in the election of the board of directors and on other matters affecting Sterling and Umpqua, respectively. Upon the completion of the merger, each Sterling shareholder who receives shares of Umpqua common stock will

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become a shareholder of Umpqua with a percentage ownership of Umpqua that is smaller than such shareholder's percentage ownership of Sterling. It is currently expected that the former shareholders of Sterling as a group will receive shares in the merger constituting approximately 49.9% of the outstanding shares of Umpqua common stock immediately after the merger. As a result, current shareholders of Umpqua as a group will own approximately 50.1% of the outstanding shares of Umpqua common stock immediately after the merger. Because of this, Sterling shareholders may have less influence on the management and policies of Umpqua than they now have on the management and policies of Sterling, and current Umpqua shareholders may have less influence than they now have on the management and policies of Umpqua.

Pending litigation against Sterling and Umpqua could result in an injunction preventing the completion of the merger or a judgment resulting in the payment of damages.

        In connection with the merger, purported Sterling shareholders have filed putative shareholder class action lawsuits against Sterling, the members of the Sterling board of directors and Umpqua. Among other remedies, the plaintiffs seek to enjoin the merger. Although the parties to the litigation have entered into a memorandum of understanding to settle the consolidated litigation, the settlement is subject to certain conditions. If the cases are not resolved, these lawsuits could prevent or delay completion of the merger and result in substantial costs to Umpqua and Sterling, including any costs associated with the indemnification of directors and officers. Plaintiffs may file additional lawsuits against Umpqua, Sterling and/or the directors and officers of either company in connection with the merger. The defense or settlement of any lawsuit or claim that remains unresolved at the time the merger is completed may adversely affect Umpqua's business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. See "The Merger—Litigation Relating to the Merger" beginning on page 116.

Following the merger and related transactions, the combined company will have a large number of authorized but unissued shares.

        Following the merger and related transactions, including the amendment to Umpqua's restated articles of incorporation described herein, based on the number of shares of Sterling common stock, Sterling stock options, Sterling restricted stock units, and warrants to purchase Sterling Common stock outstanding as of the record date, the combined company will have approximately 230,423,959 shares outstanding, leaving 169,576,041 authorized but unissued shares. The combined company will be able to issue these shares without stockholder approval, unless stockholder approval is required by applicable law or stock exchange rules. Issuing additional shares may dilute the interest of existing stockholders and cause the market price of the combined company's common stock to decline. For a discussion of the proposed amendment to Umpqua's articles of incorporation, including an explanation of why Umpqua is seeking to increase its number of authorized shares by 200,000,000, see "The Merger—Amendment to Umpqua's Articles of Incorporation."

Following the merger, a high percentage of the combined company's loan portfolio will remain in the Pacific Northwest and in commercial real estate. Deteriorations in economic conditions in the Pacific Northwest or in the real estate market generally could be more harmful to the combined company compared to more diversified institutions.

        As of September 30, 2013, approximately $4.5 billion, or 62%, of Sterling's loan portfolio was comprised of loans to businesses and individuals in the Pacific Northwest, and $4.6 billion, or 64%, of Sterling's loan portfolio was comprised of commercial real estate loans (including owner-occupied commercial real estate). As of September 30, 2013, approximately $4.0 billion, or 56% of Umpqua's loan portfolio was comprised of loans to businesses and individuals in the Pacific Northwest, and $4.3 billion, or 60%, of Umpqua's loan portfolio was comprised of commercial real estate loans (including owner-occupied commercial real estate). As a result of the merger, the combined company's

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loan portfolio (excluding loans covered by loss-sharing agreements with the FDIC), as of September 30, 2013 would have consisted of $8.5 billion, or 59%, of loans to businesses and individuals in the Pacific Northwest and $8.9 billion, or 62%, of commercial real estate loans (including owner-occupied commercial real estate).

        The Pacific Northwest has had one of the nation's highest unemployment rates and major employers in Oregon and Washington have implemented substantial employee layoffs or scaled back growth plans. Despite the merger, as a result of the continued high concentration of the combined company's loan portfolio in the Pacific Northwest, the combined company may be more sensitive, compared to more diversified institutions, to further deterioration in economic conditions or a prolonged delay in economic recovery in this area, which could lead to losses which could have a material adverse effect on the business, financial condition and results of operations of the combined company.

        In addition, since 2007, the commercial real estate market has experienced periods of significant disruption, including increased delinquencies and declining property values. Despite the merger, as a result of the continued high concentration of the combined company's loan portfolio in loans secured by commercial real estate, the combined company may be more sensitive, compared to more diversified institutions, to future disruptions in, and deterioration of, this market, which could lead to losses which could have a material adverse effect on the business, financial condition and results of operations of the combined company.

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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

        Some of the statements contained or incorporated by reference in this joint proxy statement/prospectus are forward looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 giving Umpqua's or Sterling's expectations or predictions of future financial or business performance or conditions. Forward-looking statements are typically identified by words such as "believe," "expect," "anticipate," "intend," "target," "estimate," "plan," "project," "continue," "positions," "prospects" or "potential," by future conditional verbs such as "will," "would," "should," "could" or "may," or by variations of such words or by similar expressions. Such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements about the benefits of the business combination transaction involving Sterling and Umpqua, including future financial and operating results, the combined company's plans, objectives, expectations, strategies and intentions and other statements that are not historical facts. These forward-looking statements are subject to numerous assumptions, risks and uncertainties which change over time. In addition to factors previously disclosed in Umpqua's and Sterling's reports filed with the SEC, the following factors, among others, could cause actual results to differ materially from forward-looking statements: ability to obtain regulatory approvals and meet other closing conditions to the merger, including approval by Umpqua and Sterling shareholders, on the expected terms and schedule; delay in closing the merger; difficulties and delays in integrating the Umpqua and Sterling businesses or fully realizing cost savings and other benefits; business disruption following the proposed transaction; diversion of management time on issues relating to the merger and the bank merger; changes in asset quality and credit risk; the inability to sustain revenue and earnings growth; changes in interest rates and capital markets; inflation; customer borrowing, repayment, investment and deposit practices; customer disintermediation; the introduction, withdrawal, success and timing of business initiatives; competitive conditions; economic conditions; changes in Umpqua's stock price before closing, including as a result of the financial performance of Sterling prior to closing; the reaction to the transaction of the companies' customers, employees and counterparties; the impact, extent and timing of technological changes, capital management activities, and other actions of the Federal Reserve Board, the FDIC, the Oregon Director or the Washington DFI and legislative and regulatory actions and reforms; and failure to consummate or delay in consummating the merger for any other reason.

        For any forward-looking statements made in this joint proxy statement/prospectus or in any documents incorporated by reference into this joint proxy statement/prospectus, Umpqua and Sterling claim the protection of the safe harbor for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these statements, which speak only as of the date of this joint proxy statement/prospectus or the date of the applicable document incorporated by reference in this joint proxy statement/prospectus. Umpqua and Sterling do not undertake to update forward-looking statements to reflect facts, circumstances, assumptions or events that occur after the date the forward-looking statements are made. All subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements concerning the merger or other matters addressed in this joint proxy statement/prospectus and attributable to Umpqua, Sterling or any person acting on their behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements contained or referred to in this joint proxy statement/prospectus.

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THE STERLING SPECIAL MEETING

        This section contains information for Sterling shareholders about the special meeting that Sterling has called to allow its shareholders to consider and vote on the merger agreement and other related matters. Sterling is mailing this joint proxy statement/prospectus to Sterling shareholders, on or about January 24, 2014. This joint proxy statement/prospectus is accompanied by a notice of the special meeting of Sterling shareholders and a form of proxy card that Sterling's board of directors is soliciting for use at the special meeting and at any adjournments or postponements of the special meeting. References to "you" and "your" in this section are to Sterling shareholders.


Date, Time and Place of Meeting

        The special meeting of Sterling shareholders will be held at Sterling Bank, 111 North Wall Street, Spokane, Washington at 3:00 p.m., local time, on February 25, 2014.


Matters to Be Considered

        At the Sterling special meeting, Sterling shareholders will be asked to consider and vote upon the following matters:


Recommendation of Sterling's Board of Directors

        Sterling's board of directors has determined that the merger agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby, including the merger, are in the best interests of Sterling and its shareholders, has unanimously approved and adopted the merger agreement and unanimously recommends that you vote "FOR" the Sterling merger proposal, "FOR" the Sterling compensation proposal and "FOR" the Sterling adjournment proposal, if necessary or appropriate. See "The Merger—Sterling's Reasons for the Merger; Recommendation of Sterling's Board of Directors" for a more detailed discussion of Sterling's board of directors' recommendation.


Record Date and Quorum

        The Sterling board of directors has fixed the close of business on January 15, 2014, as the record date for determining the holders of Sterling common stock entitled to receive notice of and to vote at the Sterling special meeting.

        As of the Sterling record date, there were 62,363,741 shares of Sterling common stock outstanding and entitled to vote at the Sterling special meeting held by approximately 1,237 holders of record. Each share of Sterling common stock entitles the holder to one vote at the Sterling special meeting on each proposal to be considered at the Sterling special meeting.

        The representation (in person or by proxy) of at least a majority of the shares of Sterling common stock entitled to vote at the Sterling special meeting will constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. All shares of Sterling common stock, whether present in person or represented by proxy, including abstentions and broker non-votes, if any, will be treated as present for purposes of determining the presence or absence of a quorum for all matters voted on at the Sterling special meeting.

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Required Vote; Treatment of Abstentions and Failure to Vote

        To approve the Sterling merger proposal, two-thirds of the shares of Sterling common stock outstanding and entitled to vote thereon must be voted in favor of such proposal. To approve the Sterling adjournment proposal, a majority of the shares of Sterling common stock represented at the special meeting must be voted in favor of the proposal. The Sterling compensation proposal will be approved if the votes cast in favor of such proposal at the Sterling special meeting exceed the votes cast in opposition. If you mark "ABSTAIN" on your proxy card, fail to either submit a proxy or vote by telephone or internet or in person at the Sterling special meeting or fail to instruct your bank or broker how to vote with respect to the Sterling merger proposal, it will have the same effect as a vote "AGAINST" the proposal. If you mark "ABSTAIN" on your proxy card, fail to either submit a proxy or vote by telephone or internet or in person at the Sterling special meeting or fail to instruct your bank or broker how to vote with respect to the Sterling compensation proposal, it will have no effect on the proposal. If you mark "ABSTAIN" on your proxy card, or fail to instruct your bank or broker how to vote, with respect to the Sterling adjournment proposal, it will have the same effect as a vote "AGAINST" the proposal. If you are not a "street name" holder and fail to either submit a proxy card entirely or vote by telephone or internet or in person at the Sterling special meeting, it will have no effect on the adjournment proposal.


Shares Held by Officers and Directors

        As of the record date, there were 62,363,741 shares of Sterling common stock entitled to vote at the special meeting. Also as of the record date, and excluding shares owned by Warburg Pincus and THL, the directors and executive officers of Sterling and their affiliates beneficially owned and were entitled to vote approximately 1,077,204 shares of Sterling common stock, representing approximately 1.7% of the shares of Sterling common stock outstanding on that date. Sterling currently expects that Sterling's directors and executive officers will vote their shares in favor of the Sterling merger proposal, the Sterling compensation proposal and the Sterling adjournment proposal, although none of them has entered into any agreements obligating them to do so. As of the record date, Umpqua and its directors and executive officers beneficially held no shares of Sterling common stock.

        In addition, Warburg Pincus and THL, each of which is associated with one of Sterling's directors and as of the record date had the right to vote approximately 12,950,796, or approximately 20.8%, of the outstanding shares of Sterling common stock, have agreed, subject to certain exceptions, to vote their shares of Sterling common stock in favor of the Sterling merger proposal. For further information, see "The Merger—Investor Letter Agreements."


Voting on Proxies; Incomplete Proxies

        A Sterling shareholder may vote by proxy or in person at the Sterling special meeting. If you hold your shares of Sterling common stock in your name as a shareholder of record, to submit a proxy, you, as a Sterling shareholder, may use one of the following methods:

        Sterling requests that Sterling shareholders vote through the internet, by telephone or by completing and signing the accompanying proxy card and returning it to Sterling as soon as possible in the enclosed postage-paid envelope. When the accompanying proxy card is returned properly executed,

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the shares of Sterling stock represented by it will be voted at the Sterling special meeting in accordance with the instructions contained on the proxy card. If any proxy card is returned without indication as to how to vote, the shares of Sterling common stock represented by the proxy card will be voted as recommended by the Sterling board of directors.

        If a Sterling shareholder's shares are held in "street name" by a broker, bank or other nominee, the shareholder should check the voting form used by that firm to determine how to vote, including whether it may vote by the internet or telephone.

        Every Sterling shareholder's vote is important. Accordingly, each Sterling shareholder should sign, date and return the enclosed proxy card, or vote via the internet or by telephone, whether or not the Sterling shareholder plans to attend the Sterling special meeting in person. Sending in your proxy card or voting by the internet or telephone will not prevent you from voting your shares personally at the meeting, since you may revoke your proxy at any time before it is voted.


Shares Held in "Street Name"; Broker Non-Votes

        Under stock exchange rules, banks, brokers and other nominees who hold shares of Sterling common stock in "street name" for a beneficial owner of those shares typically have the authority to vote in their discretion on "routine" proposals when they have not received instructions from beneficial owners. However, banks, brokers and other nominees are not allowed to exercise their voting discretion with respect to the approval of matters determined to be "non-routine," without specific instructions from the beneficial owner. Sterling expects that all proposals to be voted on at the Sterling special meeting will be "non-routine" matters. Broker non-votes are shares held by a broker, bank or other nominee that are represented at the Sterling special meeting, but with respect to which the broker or nominee is not instructed by the beneficial owner of such shares to vote on the particular proposal and the broker does not have discretionary voting power on such proposal. If your broker, bank or other nominee holds your shares of Sterling common stock in "street name," your broker, bank or other nominee will vote your shares of Sterling common stock only if you provide instructions on how to vote by complying with the voter instruction form sent to you by your broker, bank or other nominee with this joint proxy statement/prospectus.


Revocability of Proxies and Changes to a Sterling Shareholder's Vote

        If you hold stock in your name as a shareholder of record, you may revoke any proxy at any time before it is voted by (1) signing and returning a proxy card with a later date, (2) delivering a written revocation letter to Sterling's corporate secretary, (3) attending the special meeting in person, notifying the corporate secretary and voting by ballot at the special meeting or (4) voting by telephone or the internet at a later time.

        Any shareholder entitled to vote in person at the special meeting may vote in person regardless of whether a proxy has been previously given, but the mere presence (without notifying Sterling's corporate secretary) of a shareholder at the special meeting will not constitute revocation of a previously given proxy.

        Written notices of revocation and other communications about revoking your proxy card should be addressed to:

Sterling Financial Corporation
111 North Wall Street
Spokane, WA 99201
Attention: Corporate Secretary

        If your shares are held in "street name" by a bank or broker, you should follow the instructions of your bank or broker regarding the revocation of proxies.

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Participants in the Sterling 401(k) Plan

        If you hold shares indirectly in the Sterling 401(k) Plan, you have the right to direct the plan trustee how to vote the shares that you hold in your account. In accordance with the terms of the plan, if you fail to instruct the plan trustee how to vote your plan shares, the trustee will not vote your plan shares, except as required by law.


Solicitation of Proxies

        Sterling is soliciting your proxy in conjunction with the merger. Sterling will bear the entire cost of soliciting proxies from you. In addition to solicitation of proxies by mail, Sterling will request that banks, brokers and other record holders send proxies and proxy material to the beneficial owners of Sterling common stock and secure their voting instructions. Sterling will reimburse the record holders for their reasonable expenses in taking those actions. If necessary, Sterling may use its directors and several of its regular employees, who will not be specially compensated, to solicit proxies from the Sterling shareholders, either personally or by telephone, facsimile, letter or electronic means. Sterling has also made arrangements with AST Phoenix Advisors to assist it in soliciting proxies and has agreed to pay AST Phoenix Advisors approximately $3,500 plus reasonable expenses for these services.


Attending the Meeting

        Subject to space availability, all Sterling shareholders as of the record date, or their duly appointed proxies, may attend the Sterling special meeting. Since seating is limited, admission to the Sterling special meeting will be on a first-come, first-served basis. Registration and seating will begin at 2:30 p.m., local time.

        If you hold your shares of Sterling common stock in your name as a shareholder of record and you wish to attend the Sterling special meeting, please bring your proxy card and evidence of your stock ownership, such as your most recent account statement, to the Sterling special meeting. You should also bring valid picture identification. We encourage you to register your vote through the internet or by telephone whenever possible. When a shareholder submits a proxy through the internet or by telephone, his or her proxy is recorded immediately. If you attend the meeting, you may also submit your vote in person. Any votes that you previously submitted—whether through the internet, by telephone or by mail—will be superseded by any vote that you cast at the Sterling special meeting.

        If your shares of Sterling common stock are held in "street name" in a stock brokerage account or by a bank or nominee and you wish to attend the Sterling special meeting, you need to bring a copy of a bank or brokerage statement to the Sterling special meeting reflecting your stock ownership as of the record date. You should also bring valid picture identification.


Delivery of Proxy Materials

        As permitted by applicable law, only one copy of this joint proxy statement/prospectus is being delivered to shareholders residing at the same address, unless such shareholders have notified Sterling of their desire to receive multiple copies of the joint proxy statement/prospectus.

        Sterling will promptly deliver, upon oral or written request, a separate copy of the joint proxy statement/prospectus to any shareholder residing at an address to which only one copy of such document was mailed. Requests for additional copies should be directed to Investor Relations, at 111 North Wall Street, Spokane, WA 99201 or by telephone at (509) 358-8097.

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Assistance

        If you need assistance in completing your proxy card, have questions regarding Sterling's special meeting, or voting by mail, telephone or the internet or would like additional copies of this joint proxy statement/prospectus, please contact Investor Relations at 111 North Wall Street, Spokane, WA 99201 or Sterling's proxy solicitor, AST Phoenix Advisors, at the following address or phone number: 6201 15th Avenue, 3rd Floor, Brooklyn, New York 11219 or (212) 493-3914.

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THE UMPQUA SPECIAL MEETING

        This section contains information for Umpqua shareholders about the special meeting that Umpqua has called to allow its shareholders to consider and vote on the merger agreement and other related matters. Umpqua is mailing this joint proxy statement/prospectus to Umpqua shareholders, on or about January 24, 2014. This joint proxy statement/prospectus is accompanied by a notice of the special meeting of Umpqua shareholders and a form of proxy card that Umpqua's board of directors is soliciting for use at the special meeting and at any adjournments or postponements of the special meeting. Reference to "you" and "your" in this section are to Umpqua shareholders.


Date, Time and Place of Meeting

        The special meeting of Umpqua shareholders will be held on February 25, 2014 at the River Place Hotel, 1510 SW Harbor Way, Portland, Oregon, at 6:00 p.m. local time.


Matters to Be Considered

        At the special meeting of shareholders, you will be asked to consider and vote upon the following matters:


Recommendation of Umpqua's Board of Directors

        Umpqua's board of directors has determined that the merger agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby, including the merger, are in the best interests of Umpqua and its shareholders, has unanimously approved and adopted the merger agreement and unanimously recommends that you vote "FOR" the Umpqua merger proposal, "FOR" the articles amendment proposal and "FOR" the Umpqua adjournment proposal, if necessary or appropriate. See "The Merger—Umpqua's Reasons for the Merger; Recommendation of Umpqua's Board of Directors" for a more detailed discussion of Umpqua's board of directors' recommendation.


Record Date and Quorum

        The Umpqua board of directors has fixed the close of business on January 15, 2014, as the record date for determining the holders of Umpqua common stock entitled to receive notice of and to vote at the Umpqua special meeting.

        As of the Umpqua record date, there were 112,001,584 shares of Umpqua common stock outstanding and entitled to vote at the Umpqua special meeting held by approximately 4,296 holders of record. Each share of Umpqua common stock entitles the holder to one vote at the Umpqua special meeting on each proposal to be considered at the Umpqua special meeting.

        The representation (in person or by proxy) of a majority of the shares of Umpqua common stock entitled to vote at the special meeting will constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. All shares of Umpqua common stock present in person or represented by proxy, including abstentions and broker non-votes, if any, will be treated as present for purposes of determining the presence or absence of a quorum for all matters voted on at the Umpqua special meeting.

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Required Vote; Treatment of Abstentions and Failure to Vote

        To approve the Umpqua merger proposal, a majority of the shares of Umpqua common stock outstanding and entitled to vote thereon must be voted in favor of such proposal. To approve the Umpqua adjournment proposal, a majority of the shares of Umpqua common stock represented at the special meeting must be voted in favor of the proposal. The articles amendment proposal will be approved if the votes cast in favor of the proposal at the Umpqua special meeting exceed the votes cast in opposition. If you mark "ABSTAIN" on your proxy card, fail to either submit a proxy or vote by telephone or internet or in person at the Umpqua special meeting or fail to instruct your bank or broker how to vote with respect to the Umpqua merger proposal, it will have the same effect as a vote "AGAINST" the proposal. If you mark "ABSTAIN" on your proxy card, or fail to instruct your bank or broker how to vote, with respect to the Umpqua adjournment proposal, it will have the same effect as a vote "AGAINST" the proposal. If you are not a "street name" holder and fail to either submit a proxy card entirely or vote by telephone or internet in person at the Umpqua special meeting, it will have no effect on the adjournment proposal. If you mark "ABSTAIN" on your proxy card, fail to either submit a proxy or vote by telephone or internet or in person at the Umpqua special meeting or fail to instruct your bank or broker how to vote with respect to the articles amendment proposal, it will have no effect on the proposal.


Shares Held by Officers and Directors

        As of the record date, there were 112,001,584 shares of Umpqua common stock entitled to vote at the special meeting. Also as of the record date, the directors and executive officers of Umpqua and their affiliates beneficially owned and were entitled to vote approximately 1,213,226 shares of Umpqua common stock representing approximately 1.1% of the shares of Umpqua common stock outstanding on that date. Umpqua currently expects that Umpqua's directors and executive officers will vote their shares in favor of each of the proposals to be considered and voted upon at the Umpqua special meeting, although none of them has entered into any agreements obligating them to do so. As of the record date, Sterling and its directors and executive officers beneficially held no shares of Umpqua common stock.


Voting of Proxies; Incomplete Proxies

        An Umpqua shareholder may vote by proxy or in person at the Umpqua special meeting. If you hold your shares of Umpqua common stock in your name as a shareholder of record, to submit a proxy, you, as an Umpqua shareholder, may use one of the following methods:

        Umpqua requests that Umpqua shareholders vote through the internet, by telephone or by completing and signing the accompanying proxy card and returning it to Umpqua as soon as possible in the enclosed postage-paid envelope. When the accompanying proxy card is returned properly executed, the shares of Umpqua stock represented by it will be voted at the Umpqua special meeting in accordance with the instructions contained on the proxy card. If any proxy card is returned without indication as to how to vote, the shares of Umpqua common stock represented by the proxy card will be voted as recommended by the Umpqua board of directors.

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        If an Umpqua shareholder's shares are held in "street name" by a broker, bank or other nominee, the shareholder should check the voting form used by that firm to determine how to vote, including whether it may vote by the internet or telephone.

        Every Umpqua shareholder's vote is important. Accordingly, each Umpqua shareholder should sign, date and return the enclosed proxy card, or vote via the internet or by telephone, whether or not the Umpqua shareholder plans to attend the Umpqua special meeting in person. Sending in your proxy card or voting by the internet or telephone will not prevent you from voting your shares personally at the meeting, since you may revoke your proxy at any time before it is voted.


Shares Held in "Street Name"; Broker Non-Votes

        Under stock exchange rules, banks, brokers and other nominees who hold shares of Umpqua common stock in "street name" for a beneficial owner of those shares typically have the authority to vote in their discretion on "routine" proposals when they have not received instructions from beneficial owners. However, banks, brokers and other nominees are not allowed to exercise their voting discretion with respect to the approval of matters determined to be "non-routine," without specific instructions from the beneficial owner. Umpqua expects that all proposals to be voted on at the Umpqua special meeting will be "non-routine" matters. Broker non-votes are shares held by a broker, bank or other nominee that are represented at the Umpqua special meeting, but with respect to which the broker or nominee is not instructed by the beneficial owner of such shares to vote on the particular proposal and the broker does not have discretionary voting power on such proposal. If your broker, bank or other nominee holds your shares of Umpqua common stock in "street name," your broker, bank or other nominee will vote your shares of Umpqua common stock only if you provide instructions on how to vote by complying with the voter instruction form sent to you by your broker, bank or other nominee with this joint proxy statement/prospectus.


Revocability of Proxies and Changes to an Umpqua Shareholder's Vote

        If you hold stock in your name as a shareholder of record, you may revoke any proxy at any time before it is voted by (1) signing and returning a proxy card with a later date, (2) delivering a written revocation letter to Umpqua's corporate secretary, (3) attending the special meeting in person, notifying the corporate secretary and voting by ballot at the special meeting or (4) voting by telephone or the internet at a later time.

        Any shareholder entitled to vote in person at the special meeting may vote in person regardless of whether a proxy has been previously given, but the mere presence (without notifying Umpqua's corporate secretary) of a shareholder at the special meeting will not constitute revocation of a previously given proxy.

        Written notices of revocation and other communications about revoking your proxy card should be addressed to:

Umpqua Holdings Corporation
P.O. Box 1560
Eugene, OR 97440
Attention: Corporate Secretary

        If your shares are held in "street name" by a bank or broker, you should follow the instructions of your bank or broker regarding the revocation of proxies.

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Participants in the Umpqua Bank 401(k) and Profit Sharing Plan or the Umpqua Supplemental Retirement/Deferred Compensation Plan

        Umpqua Bank 401(k) and Profit Sharing Plan:    You will be given the opportunity to instruct the trustee of the Umpqua Bank 401(k) and Profit Sharing Plan how to vote the shares that you hold in your account. To the extent that you do not timely give such instructions, the Advisory Committee will instruct the trustee to vote all unvoted shares held in the Umpqua Bank 401(k) and Profit Sharing Plan in the same proportion as the shares voted pursuant to the instructions of account holders.

        Umpqua Supplemental Retirement/Deferred Compensation Plan:    You will be given the opportunity to instruct the trustee of the Umpqua Supplemental Retirement/Deferred Compensation Plan how to vote the shares that you hold in your account. To the extent that you do not timely give such instructions, the Advisory Committee will instruct the trustee to vote all unvoted shares held in the Umpqua Supplemental Retirement/Deferred Compensation Plan as recommended by the board of directors.


Solicitation of Proxies

        Umpqua is soliciting your proxy in conjunction with the merger. Umpqua will bear the entire cost of soliciting proxies from you. In addition to solicitation of proxies by mail, Umpqua will request that banks, brokers and other record holders send proxies and proxy material to the beneficial owners of Umpqua common stock and secure their voting instructions. Umpqua will reimburse the record holders for their reasonable expenses in taking those actions. If necessary, Umpqua may use its directors and several of its regular employees, who will not be specially compensated, to solicit proxies from the Umpqua shareholders, either personally or by telephone, facsimile, letter or electronic means. Umpqua has also made arrangements with AST Phoenix Advisors to assist it in soliciting proxies and has agreed to pay AST Phoenix Advisors approximately $9,000 plus reasonable expenses for these services.


Attending the Meeting

        Subject to space availability, all Umpqua shareholders as of the record date, or their duly appointed proxies, may attend the Umpqua special meeting. Since seating is limited, admission to the Umpqua special meeting will be on a first-come, first-served basis. Registration and seating will begin at 5:30 p.m., local time.

        If you hold your shares of Umpqua common stock in your name as a shareholder of record and you wish to attend the Umpqua special meeting, please bring your proxy card and evidence of your stock ownership, such as your most recent account statement, to the Umpqua special meeting. You should also bring valid picture identification. We encourage you to register your vote through the internet or by telephone whenever possible. When a shareholder submits a proxy through the internet or by telephone, his or her proxy is recorded immediately. If you attend the meeting, you may also submit your vote in person. Any votes that you previously submitted—whether through the internet, by telephone or by mail—will be superseded by any vote that you cast at the Umpqua special meeting.

        If your shares of Umpqua common stock are held in "street name" in a stock brokerage account or by a bank or nominee and you wish to attend the Umpqua special meeting, you need to bring a copy of a bank or brokerage statement to the Umpqua special meeting reflecting your stock ownership as of the record date. You should also bring valid picture identification.


Delivery of Proxy Materials

        As permitted by applicable law, only one copy of this joint proxy statement/prospectus is being delivered to shareholders residing at the same address, unless such shareholders have notified Umpqua of their desire to receive multiple copies of the joint proxy statement/prospectus.

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        Umpqua will promptly deliver, upon oral or written request, a separate copy of the joint proxy statement/prospectus to any shareholder residing at an address to which only one copy of such document was mailed. Requests for additional copies should be directed to Investor Relations, at 20085 N.W. Tanasbourne Drive, Hillsboro, OR 97124 or by telephone at (503) 268-6675.


Assistance

        If you need assistance in completing your proxy card, have any questions regarding Umpqua's special meeting, or voting by mail, telephone or the internet or would like additional copies of this joint proxy statement/prospectus, please contact Investor Relations at 20085 N.W. Tanasbourne Drive, Hillsboro, OR 97124 or by telephone at (503) 268-6675, or Umpqua's proxy solicitor, AST Phoenix Advisors, at the following address or phone number: 6201 15th Avenue, 3rd Floor, Brooklyn, NY 11219 or (212) 493-3914.

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INFORMATION ABOUT UMPQUA

        Umpqua Holdings Corporation, an Oregon corporation, is a bank holding company with two principal operating subsidiaries, Umpqua Bank and Umpqua Investments, Inc. With headquarters in Roseburg, Oregon, Umpqua Bank provides a wide range of banking, wealth management, mortgage and other financial services to corporate, institutional and individual customers. Umpqua Investments is a registered broker-dealer and investment advisor with offices in Portland, Lake Oswego, and Medford, Oregon and products and services offered through Umpqua Bank Stores. Umpqua Investments offers a full range of investment products and services including stocks, fixed income securities, mutual funds, annuities, options, retirement planning, money management services and life insurance. At September 30, 2013, Umpqua had, on a consolidated basis, assets of $11.6 billion, deposits of $9.1 billion and shareholders' equity of $1.7 billion.

        Umpqua's stock is traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol "UMPQ."

        The principal executive offices of Umpqua are located at One SW Columbia Street, Suite 1200, Portland, Oregon 97258, and its telephone number at that location is (503) 727-4100. Additional information about Umpqua and its subsidiaries is included in documents incorporated by reference in this joint proxy statement/prospectus. See "Where You Can Find More Information," beginning on page 161.

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INFORMATION ABOUT STERLING

        Sterling Financial Corporation, with headquarters in Spokane, Washington, is organized under the laws of Washington State as the bank holding company for Sterling Savings Bank. Sterling Savings Bank is a Washington state-chartered commercial bank that does business as Sterling Bank in Washington, Oregon and Idaho and as Argent Bank in California. Sterling Savings Bank offers retail and commercial banking products and services, mortgage lending and wealth management to individuals, small businesses, commercial organizations and corporations. At September 30, 2013, Sterling had, on a consolidated basis, assets of $10.0 billion, deposits of $6.9 billion and shareholders' equity of $1.2 billion.

        Sterling's stock is traded on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol "STSA."

        The principal executive offices of Sterling are located at 111 North Wall Street, Spokane, Washington 99201, and its telephone number at that location is (509) 358-8097. Additional information about Sterling and its subsidiaries is included in documents incorporated by reference in this joint proxy statement/prospectus. See "Where You Can Find More Information," beginning on page 161.

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THE MERGER

        The following discussion contains certain information about the merger. The discussion is subject, and qualified in its entirety by reference, to the merger agreement attached as Annex A to this joint proxy statement/prospectus and incorporated herein by reference. We urge you to read carefully this entire joint proxy statement/prospectus, including the merger agreement attached as Annex A, for a more complete understanding of the merger.


Terms of the Merger

        Each of Umpqua's and Sterling's respective boards of directors has approved and adopted the merger agreement. The merger agreement provides for the merger of Sterling with and into Umpqua, with Umpqua continuing as the surviving corporation. Umpqua's restated articles of incorporation will be amended at the effective time of the merger to increase the number of authorized shares of Umpqua no par value common stock to 400,000,000. Immediately following the completion of the merger, Sterling's wholly owned bank subsidiary, Sterling Savings Bank, will merge with and into Umpqua's wholly owned bank subsidiary, Umpqua Bank. Umpqua Bank will be the surviving bank in the bank merger.

        In the merger, each share of Sterling common stock, no par value per share, issued and outstanding immediately prior to the effective time of the merger, except for specified shares of Sterling common stock held by Sterling or Umpqua and any dissenting shares, will be converted into the right to receive 1.671 shares of Umpqua common stock, no par value per share, and $2.18 in cash, without interest. No fractional shares of Umpqua common stock will be issued in connection with the merger, and holders of Sterling common stock that would otherwise receive a fractional share will be entitled to receive cash in lieu thereof. Sterling shareholders and Umpqua shareholders are being asked to approve the merger agreement. See "The Merger Agreement" for additional and more detailed information regarding the legal documents that govern the merger, including information about the conditions to the completion of the merger and the provisions for terminating or amending the merger agreement.


Background of the Merger

        As part of their ongoing consideration and evaluation of their respective long-term prospects and strategies, each of Sterling's and Umpqua's board of directors and senior management have regularly reviewed and assessed their respective business strategies and objectives, including potential strategic opportunities, all with the goal of enhancing value for their respective shareholders. These potential strategic opportunities, from time to time, have included, among other things, the consideration of potential business combination transactions. The strategic considerations have focused on, among other things, the business and regulatory environment facing financial institutions generally and Sterling and Umpqua, respectively, in particular, as well as conditions and ongoing consolidation in the financial services industry.

        Beginning in November 2012, Raymond P. Davis, President and Chief Executive Officer of Umpqua, and J. Gregory Seibly, President and Chief Executive Officer of Sterling, met to discuss, among other things, the financial services industry and the businesses of their respective companies. During these discussions, Mr. Davis indicated that Umpqua was interested in discussing a potential strategic business combination with Sterling, although no specific terms of a potential strategic business combination were discussed. Mr. Seibly reviewed these conversations with members of the board of directors of Sterling (the "Sterling Board"). In mid-November, Umpqua and Sterling entered into a confidentiality agreement, and began exchanging certain non-public information concerning their respective businesses.

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        During late 2012, Mr. Davis, Mr. Seibly and the respective Chief Financial Officers of Umpqua and Sterling had several preliminary discussions regarding their respective businesses, the potential strategic fit of those businesses, and the potential merits of a strategic business combination of Umpqua and Sterling. During this time period Mr. Seibly updated, and received guidance from, members of the Sterling Board with respect to the discussions involving Umpqua including at a meeting of the Sterling Board on December 12, 2012. At the conclusion of this meeting, the Sterling Board authorized Mr. Seibly to continue discussions with Umpqua. During this time period, Mr. Davis updated the board of directors of Umpqua (the "Umpqua Board") with respect to the status of discussions with Umpqua and the Umpqua Board authorized him to continue discussions and to make a proposal to Sterling.

        In late December 2012, Messrs. Seibly and Davis met in person to discuss the terms of a potential strategic business combination transaction and following that meeting, Umpqua sent Sterling a preliminary draft proposal. Umpqua proposed, among other things, a stock-for-stock transaction in which each company would be valued based on its trading value, with no premium being attributed to the value of the Sterling common stock; that the combined company would operate under the Umpqua name and would be headquartered in Portland, Oregon; that Mr. Davis would serve as Chief Executive Officer of the combined company; and that the board of directors of the combined company would consist of thirteen directors, comprised of six independent directors from each of Umpqua and Sterling plus Mr. Davis. Umpqua's preliminary draft proposal did not include express financial terms of cash price and/or exchange ratio.

        Mr. Seibly discussed the proposal with members of the Sterling Board on several occasions throughout the remainder of December 2012 and January 2013 and Messrs. Davis and Seibly and the respective Chief Financial Officers of Umpqua and Sterling continued their preliminary discussions and diligence during this time period. At a meeting of the Sterling Board on January 24, 2013, Mr. Seibly updated the Sterling Board regarding the continuing discussions with Umpqua. The Sterling Board discussed that, given the possibility that discussions with Umpqua could become more serious, it was important to have a coordinated plan for communications between the two companies. Given, among other things, Mr. Seibly's familiarity with Sterling's business and the financial services industry, and the fact that Mr. Davis had been leading the discussions on behalf of Umpqua, the Sterling Board concluded that it was in the best interests of Sterling's shareholders for Mr. Seibly to be the spokesperson on behalf of the Sterling Board in connection with continued discussions with Umpqua. The Sterling Board emphasized that any discussions or negotiations with Umpqua would only be carried out at the direction, and subject to the supervision, of the Sterling Board.

        In mid-January 2013, the Umpqua Board held a meeting where Mr. Davis updated the directors on the status of negotiations with Sterling and due diligence efforts. The Umpqua Board discussed the strategic rationale of a transaction with Sterling and the potential terms thereof and authorized Mr. Davis and other members of management to continue due diligence and discussions with Sterling.

        In late January and early February 2013, Sterling had discussions with a number of investment banks regarding their potential service as financial advisor to Sterling in connection with Sterling's consideration of a potential strategic business combination. In connection therewith, Mr. Seibly consulted with a group of Sterling directors, consisting of Leslie S. Biller, Chairman of the Sterling Board, David A. Coulter, Scott L. Jaeckel and Robert H. Hartheimer, which, with Mr. Seibly, had previously been designated by the Sterling Board to serve as a working group (the "Sterling M&A Working Group") with respect to merger and acquisition matters from time to time. The members of the Sterling M&A Working Group had been selected based on the directors' respective experience in the financial services industry, experience with mergers and acquisition transactions, and availability. The purpose of the Sterling M&A Working Group, which had initially been informally designated in 2010, was to consider promptly and recommend action to the full Sterling Board on any strategic transactions that might arise. Other than its activities described in this section, it previously considered potential acquisitions by Sterling, including those acquisitions publicly announced by Sterling and

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completed in 2012 and 2013. Following the discussions with the investment banks, on February 9, 2013, the Sterling Board authorized the retention of Sandler O'Neill + Partners, L.P. ("Sandler O'Neill") as its financial advisor in connection with the potential transaction. Also in early 2013, Sterling retained Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP ("Davis Polk") as its legal advisor in connection with the potential transaction.

        On February 9, 2013, the Sterling Board held a meeting to discuss Umpqua's December 2012 proposal and the discussions between Sterling and Umpqua to date. Representatives of Davis Polk reviewed the fiduciary duties of Sterling's directors in connection with their consideration of a potential transaction. Representatives of Sandler O'Neill reviewed certain financial analyses and data regarding Sterling and Umpqua, various preliminary valuation observations, and various process considerations. The Sterling Board discussed the opportunities and risks associated with a transaction with Umpqua. During this discussion, the Sterling Board noted the importance of ensuring an appropriate balance of executives of Sterling in the management of the combined company whose familiarity with Sterling's business would help minimize integration risk, which in turn would maximize the opportunity for Sterling's shareholders to participate in the synergies of the transaction as continuing shareholders of the combined company.

        Over the several weeks that followed, representatives of Umpqua and Sterling continued preliminary discussions regarding a potential transaction and its economic and other material terms. Also during this time the Boards of each company were regularly updated on status of discussions, including at multiple formal meetings.

        On February 22, 2013 and following the negotiations that had taken place over the prior weeks, Sterling and Umpqua agreed to proceed forward with negotiations on the basis that in the contemplated transaction the common stock of Sterling would be attributed an 11% premium (although the parties did not agree on express financial terms of cash price and/or exchange ratio), Mr. Davis would be the Chief Executive Officer of the combined company and the board of the combined company would be comprised of six independent Umpqua directors, six independent Sterling directors and Mr. Davis. Umpqua stated, however, that its willingness to proceed forward on these terms was subject to the parties agreeing to a 30-day mutual exclusivity period.

        On February 24, 2013, Umpqua and Sterling entered into a new confidentiality agreement, which included a mutual 30-day exclusivity requirement that would expire on March 26, 2013.

        At meetings of the Sterling Board on February 27 and 28, 2013, the directors discussed the status of negotiations, due diligence with Umpqua, and whether to seek a "collar" with respect to the price of the Umpqua common stock in a definitive merger agreement. The Sterling Board concluded that a collar was not in the best interests of Sterling's shareholders given its view that the market reaction to the announcement of a merger of Sterling and Umpqua was likely to be positive and thus a collar could limit the benefit to Sterling's shareholders of an increase in the price of Umpqua common stock.

        On February 27, 2013, the Sterling Board had an introductory meeting with Mr. Davis to discuss Umpqua's business and operations, as well as certain aspects of the potential transaction with Umpqua.

        During the weeks of March 4 and March 11, Umpqua's outside legal advisor, Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz ("Wachtell Lipton") sent Sterling proposed draft investor support agreements with each of Warburg and THL, regarding Warburg and THL's support of the transaction and proposed amendments to certain terms of their existing investment agreements with Sterling, and an initial proposed draft merger agreement.

        At a meeting on March 7, 2013, the Sterling Board discussed the proposed transaction and the status of negotiations with Umpqua.

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        During the week of March 11, 2013, representatives of Sterling and Umpqua met to conduct diligence and discuss the potential combination of Sterling and Umpqua. During this time, representatives of Warburg and THL separately conducted diligence and met with representatives of Sterling and Umpqua to discuss the potential combination.

        At meetings of the Sterling Board held on March 11 and 12, 2013, the Sterling Board and its advisors reviewed the discussions that had occurred between Sterling and Umpqua since the last Sterling Board meeting, as well as the progress of the parties' respective due diligence.

        Following those meetings, Messrs. Davis and Seibly discussed the status of negotiations with respect to a potential transaction between Umpqua and Sterling. At that meeting, Mr. Davis suggested that, in view of the upcoming end of the first quarter, it may be appropriate for discussions to be put on hold pending the release of Sterling's first quarter earnings results.

        At a meeting of the Sterling Board on the following day, March 14, 2013, Mr. Seibly reported his conversation with Mr. Davis to the other directors. The Sterling Board and senior management discussed with its financial and legal advisors the negotiations between Umpqua and Sterling, including the draft merger agreement proposed by Umpqua. The Sterling Board determined, based on Umpqua's proposal to suspend discussions pending the release of Sterling's first quarter earnings results, it would be advisable to suspend discussions with Umpqua, without foreclosing the possibility of restarting discussions at a later date.

        During the meeting of the Sterling Board on April 29 and 30, 2013, the Sterling Board discussed the prior discussions with Umpqua and also discussed the potential value of a combination of Sterling and Umpqua.

        In mid-July, Mr. Seibly and a representative of a financial institution (which we refer to as Party A), discussed the possibility of a strategic combination between Sterling and Party A.

        In late July and early August 2013, Mr. Davis, with the authorization of the Umpqua Board, separately approached representatives of Warburg, representatives of THL and Mr. Seibly about the possibility of Umpqua reengaging with Sterling regarding a potential transaction.

        At a meeting of the Sterling Board held on August 6 and 7, 2013, Mr. Seibly informed the Sterling Board of the renewed indication of interest from Umpqua, as well as communications with other potentially interested parties, including Party A. The Sterling Board considered each of these indications of interest and possible alternatives, including, among other things, continuing to do business as a standalone entity, and the potential benefits and risks to Sterling's shareholders of each such alternative. The Sterling Board determined to conduct a focused market check, with the assistance of Sandler O'Neill, to gauge the interest in a potential strategic transaction. The Sterling Board identified four parties that it believed could potentially be interested in a strategic transaction with Sterling: Umpqua, Party A, a financial institution that we refer to as Party B and a financial institution that we refer to as Party C.

        After the meeting, Mr. Seibly conferred with representatives of Sandler O'Neill who were of the view that Umpqua, Party A and Party B were likely the only parties with both the financial capability and strategic interest in pursuing a potential strategic transaction with Sterling and that, based on a recent discussion with Party C and Party C's failure to engage in any follow-up to that discussion, Sandler O'Neill believed that Party C was not interested in pursuing a potential strategic transaction with Sterling at that time. Based on this information, the decision was made to discuss with Umpqua, Party A and Party B their interest in pursuing a potential strategic transaction with Sterling.

        On August 8, 2013, Messrs. Seibly and Davis discussed the possibility of re-engaging in discussions concerning a potential strategic transaction between Sterling and Umpqua. During this conversation, Mr. Davis indicated that Umpqua would be interested in pursuing a transaction that attributed a 15%

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premium to the market price of the Sterling common stock, with a board of directors for the combined company consisting of four independent members of Sterling's existing board of directors, eight independent members of Umpqua's existing board of directors and Mr. Davis. Under the proposal and consistent with their pre-existing rights to each select a member of the Sterling Board, each of Warburg Pincus and THL would have the right to select one representative on the combined company's board, with these representatives constituting two of the four members on the combined Company's board allocated to Sterling. The terms proposed by Mr. Davis did not include express financial terms of cash price and/or exchange ratio. Messrs. Seibly and Davis continued discussions periodically over the next couple weeks, including meeting in person on two occasions to discuss the potential terms of a transaction and Sterling's requests for enhancements thereto.

        On August 14, 2013, Mr. Davis provided Mr. Seibly with a proposal regarding post-transaction employment arrangements with Mr. Seibly and certain other Sterling senior executives. Neither Mr. Seibly nor any of the other Sterling executives engaged in discussions with Umpqua concerning these arrangements until after the key economic terms of the transaction had been agreed upon by Sterling and Umpqua on August 27, 2013.

        On August 19, 2013, Sterling entered into a confidentiality agreement with Party A in order to facilitate due diligence and discussions, which commenced thereafter.

        On August 21, 2013, the Sterling Board held a meeting, in which representatives of Sterling senior management and Sterling's financial and legal advisors participated, to review the status of the analysis of and discussions with the financial institutions identified by the Sterling Board at its August 7, 2013 meeting as representing the most likely parties with both the financial capability and strategic interest in pursuing a potential strategic transaction with Sterling. Representatives of Davis Polk reviewed with the Sterling Board the fiduciary duties of the Sterling directors applicable to their consideration of the proposed transaction. The Sterling Board reviewed the discussions to date with potentially interested parties, including Party A. The Sterling Board then considered Umpqua's recent proposal for a strategic business combination transaction and reviewed the financial and strategic merits and considerations relating to such a transaction. The Sterling Board discussed that the most recent proposal from Umpqua accorded a higher premium to Sterling common stock as well as a more balanced management team for the combined company. Sandler O'Neill also discussed with the Sterling Board the market's reaction to recent similar transactions, which generally had been positive toward the stock of the acquirer. The Sterling Board considered the fact that, as the proposed merger consideration consisted almost entirely of Umpqua stock, the value of such consideration could potentially increase at the time of, and following, the announcement of a transaction. The Sterling Board also discussed the risks that would be associated with gauging the potential interest of a broader group of potential counterparties, including the negative impact that a leak of such discussions could have on Sterling, including Sterling's relationships with customers and the attraction and retention of key employees. Following discussion, the Sterling Board decided to adjourn its discussion until August 26, 2013, and directed management to continue discussions with Umpqua and other potentially interested parties, including Party A.

        On August 25, 2013, Party A informed Sterling that Party A was withdrawing from discussions. Party A's communications regarding its interest in a strategic transaction with Sterling remained preliminary and conditional and did not include a definitive valuation range.

        On August 26, 2013, the Sterling Board held a meeting, at which the directors and representatives of senior management, Davis Polk and Sandler O'Neill reviewed the discussions with Umpqua and other potentially interested parties and the risks associated with such other potentially interested parties. The Board was also informed that Party A had decided not to proceed with discussions. Sandler O'Neill reviewed certain financial aspects of the proposed transaction with Umpqua. The Sterling Board noted that Umpqua had substantially completed its due diligence and was prepared to

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move forward quickly. The Sterling Board also discussed inquiries from and discussions with other potentially interested parties regarding potential transactions that Sterling and its representatives had received and held during the early months of 2013 and again in the late summer of 2013, including a verbal non-binding indication of interest for a potential acquisition of Sterling for $30 to $31 per share in cash, subject to due diligence, which had been communicated to Sterling on August 23, 2013 by Party B. The Sterling Board considered, among other potential alternatives, whether to continue discussions with Party B with a view towards obtaining a definitive proposal that was not subject to a diligence condition or whether to continue negotiations with Umpqua with a view towards entering into a definitive merger agreement. The Sterling Board concluded that it was in the best interests of Sterling's shareholders to seek improvements in the financial and governance terms from Umpqua and to continue negotiations with Umpqua with a view to enter into a definitive merger agreement. The Sterling Board's conclusion was based on, among other things, the indicative premiums offered by Umpqua and Party B; the likelihood of either party increasing its offer; the fact that Umpqua's offer contemplated merger consideration consisting of substantially all Umpqua common stock, therefore giving Sterling shareholders the potential opportunity to benefit from additional appreciation as holders of stock of the combined entity; the risk of Umpqua discontinuing its discussions with Sterling if Sterling did not move forward with Umpqua quickly, which pursuing negotiations with Party B would preclude; the strategic rationale of the proposed transaction with Umpqua and, given the relative sizes of Sterling and Umpqua, the likelihood of the price of Umpqua common stock increasing on announcement of the proposed transaction, thereby increasing the premium received by holders of Sterling common stock, which would not be the case with respect to a strategic transaction with Party B; the fact that Umpqua had conducted significant due diligence in March whereas Party B had not conducted any due diligence and therefore a transaction with Party B was substantially less certain; and the willingness of Warburg and THL to support the transaction with Umpqua. In view of the foregoing and the attractive premium and other features of the Umpqua transaction described under "—Recommendation of the Sterling Board of Directors and Sterling's Reasons for the Transaction," the risk that the Umpqua proposal would be withdrawn if the parties did not move promptly toward a definitive agreement, and conditioned upon the effort to obtain an improvement in the value of consideration offered by Umpqua, the Sterling Board at that time determined to focus on discussions with Umpqua. The Sterling Board delegated to the Sterling M&A Working Group the authority to formulate the recommended terms of a counteroffer and advance the negotiations with Umpqua, but the Sterling Board did not delegate to the Sterling M&A Working Group the authority to approve a transaction.

        Later on August 26, 2013, at the direction of the Sterling M&A Working Group, Mr. Seibly conveyed to Mr. Davis Sterling's request for improved transaction terms, including an increase in the aggregate merger consideration to $31, an increase in the cash portion of the merger consideration relative to the stock portion, and a board of directors for the combined company that included eight existing Umpqua directors and five existing Sterling directors (as opposed to Umpqua's proposal of nine existing Umpqua directors and four existing Sterling directors). In response, later that same day, Umpqua made a revised proposal, pursuant to which Sterling shareholders would receive 1.671 shares of Umpqua common stock and $2.18 in cash for each share of Sterling common stock, but Sterling would not receive additional board representation on the board of directors of the combined company. Based on the respective closing prices of the Sterling common stock and the Umpqua common stock that day, the total consideration offered by Umpqua was valued at $30.47 per share of Sterling common stock (or $1.965 billion in the aggregate comprised of $1.825 billion in Umpqua stock and $141 million in cash), representing a premium of approximately 18% to the market price of the Sterling common stock. Umpqua's prior proposal had provided for Sterling common stock to be accorded a premium of 15% with Sterling shareholders receiving 49% of the shares of the combined company and the remainder of the consideration being paid in cash. The parties had not previously agreed on a basis for calculating the specific number of shares of Umpqua common stock and/or the amount of cash that Umpqua's prior proposal would result in Sterling's shareholders receiving per share of Sterling common

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stock. In delivering its revised proposal, Umpqua stated that it was unwilling to make any further changes to the proposed merger consideration or to change the composition of the board of the combined company, and further stated that its offer was conditioned on the parties entering into a mutual 30-day exclusivity period.

        On August 27, 2013, the Sterling Board held a meeting to discuss Umpqua's revised proposal, in which representatives of management, Sandler O'Neill and Davis Polk participated. The Sterling Board determined that it was in the best interests of Sterling's shareholders to move forward with the negotiations with Umpqua and, as required by Umpqua as a condition to doing so, to enter into an amendment to the parties' existing confidentiality agreement providing for a 30-day mutual exclusivity period expiring on September 26, 2013. Later on August 27, 2013, the parties executed an amendment to their existing confidentiality agreement and the parties commenced their respective confirmatory due diligence investigations.

        In the ensuing days, Sterling and Umpqua and their respective advisors continued to negotiate the terms of the proposed transaction agreements, including a definitive merger agreement and investor letter agreements for Warburg and THL. During this time, the Sterling Board and the Sterling M&A Working Group each held several meetings, in which representatives of management, Sandler O'Neill and Davis Polk participated, to discuss the negotiations between Sterling and Umpqua and to receive updates with respect to Sterling's due diligence investigation.

        Beginning on August 30, 2013, Umpqua, Mr. Seibly and the other Sterling senior executives engaged in discussions and negotiations regarding the employment arrangements with the combined company of Mr. Seibly and certain other Sterling senior executives.

        On August 30, 2013 after market close, the press reported that Sterling was seeking takeover bids and had recently held talks with at least two potential bidders. On September 3, 2013, the following trading day, Sterling's stock price closed at $26.42 per share, up approximately 9% from the closing price on August 30, 2013. Following this news report, through the execution of the merger agreement on September 11, 2013, Sterling did not receive any further inquiries or proposals from any parties other than Umpqua.

        Over the next week, outside legal advisors of Umpqua and Sterling exchanged several drafts of the draft merger agreement and related transaction documents.

        At meetings on September 4, 2013, September 6, 2013 and September 9, 2013, the Sterling Board reviewed the status of negotiations with Umpqua and various related matters, including updates with respect to Sterling's due diligence.

        Later on September 9, 2013, the press reported during trading hours that Umpqua was in talks to acquire Sterling for approximately $1.8 billion. Sterling's and Umpqua's stock prices closed at $27.72 and $17.11, respectively, up approximately 4% and approximately 5%, respectively, from their closing prices on September 6, 2013.

        In the following days, Umpqua and Sterling and their advisors, and representatives of Warburg and THL, continued their negotiation of the merger agreement and related transaction documents.

        On September 10, 2013, the Umpqua Board held a meeting to consider the terms of the proposed transaction with Sterling. Prior to the meeting, the directors received copies of the draft merger agreement and of the other draft transaction documents and a summary of the terms thereof from Wachtell Lipton, as well as a presentation prepared by its financial advisor, J.P. Morgan. At the meeting, members of Umpqua management reported on the status of due diligence and negotiations with Sterling. Representatives of J.P. Morgan reviewed J.P. Morgan's financial analysis of the proposed transaction, including discussing the various financial methodologies used in its analysis. Representatives of J.P. Morgan then delivered its oral opinion (which was subsequently confirmed in writing by delivery

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of J.P. Morgan's written opinion dated September 10, 2013) that, as of the date of the Umpqua Board meeting and based upon and subject to the various factors, assumptions and limitations set forth in its written opinion, the merger consideration to be paid by Umpqua in connection with the merger was fair, from a financial point of view, to Umpqua. The full text of the written opinion of J.P. Morgan dated September 10, 2013, which sets forth the assumptions made, procedures followed, matters considered and limitations on the review undertaken in connection with the opinion, is attached as Annex E to this joint proxy statement/prospectus. At the meeting, a representative of Wachtell Lipton reviewed with the Umpqua Board its fiduciary duties and reviewed the key terms of the merger agreement and related agreements (including investor letter agreements with each of Warburg and THL), as described elsewhere in this joint proxy statement/prospectus, based on the discussion materials that had previously been provided to the Umpqua Board, including a summary of the deal protection provisions, the provisions relating to governance of the combined company, and the provisions relating to employee matters.

        After considering the proposed terms of the merger agreement and the various presentations of its financial and legal advisors, and taking into consideration the matters discussed during that meeting and prior meetings of the Umpqua Board, including the factors described under "—Recommendation of the Umpqua Board of Directors and Umpqua's Reasons for the Transaction", the Umpqua Board unanimously determined that a merger with Sterling was consistent with Umpqua's business strategies and in the best interests of Umpqua and Umpqua's shareholders and the directors voted unanimously to approve and adopt the merger agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby and recommended that Umpqua shareholders approve the merger agreement.

        On September 11, 2013, the Sterling Board held a meeting to consider the terms of the proposed transaction with Umpqua. Prior to the meeting, the directors received copies of the draft merger agreement and of the other draft transaction documents and a summary of the terms thereof, as well as presentation materials prepared by Sandler O'Neill and Davis Polk. At the meeting, a representative of Davis Polk reviewed with the Sterling Board its fiduciary duties. Mr. Seibly then reported on the status of negotiations with Umpqua, reviewed with the Sterling Board the strategic rationale of the proposed transaction, and provided an overview of certain terms of the proposed transaction. Representatives of Sandler O'Neill reviewed Sandler O'Neill's financial analysis of the proposed transaction, including discussing the various financial methodologies used in its analysis. Representatives of Sandler O'Neill then delivered the oral opinion of Sandler O'Neill (which was subsequently confirmed in writing) that, based upon and subject to the various assumptions and limitations in its written opinion, it was of the opinion, as of the date of the Sterling Board meeting, that the merger consideration was fair, from a financial point of view, to the holders of Sterling common stock. The full text of the written opinion of Sandler O'Neill dated September 11, 2013, which sets forth the assumptions made, procedures followed, matters considered and limitations on the review undertaken in connection with the opinion, is attached as Annex D to this joint proxy statement/prospectus. Subsequently, representatives of Davis Polk reviewed the key terms of the merger agreement and related agreements (including the employment and services agreements to be entered into with certain key executive officers of Sterling, which had previously been reviewed by the Sterling Compensation Committee), as described elsewhere in this joint proxy statement/prospectus, based on the discussion materials that had previously been provided to the Sterling Board, including a summary of the deal protection provisions, the provisions relating to governance of the combined company, and the provisions relating to employee matters.

        After considering the proposed terms of the merger agreement and the various presentations of its financial and legal advisors, and taking into consideration the matters discussed during that meeting and prior meetings of the Sterling Board, including the factors described under "—Recommendation of the Sterling Board of Directors and Sterling's Reasons for the Transaction", the Sterling Board unanimously determined that a merger with Umpqua was in the best interests of Sterling's shareholders

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and the directors voted unanimously to approve the merger agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby and recommended that Sterling shareholders adopt the merger agreement.

        Subsequently, the merger agreement and related agreements were executed and delivered and the transaction was announced on the evening of September 11, 2013, in a press release issued jointly by Umpqua and Sterling.


Sterling's Reasons for the Merger; Recommendation of Sterling's Board of Directors

        After careful consideration, the Sterling Board, at a meeting held on September 11, 2013, unanimously determined that the merger agreement is in the best interests of Sterling and its shareholders. Accordingly, the Sterling Board approved and adopted the merger agreement and unanimously recommends that Sterling shareholders vote "FOR" the approval of the merger proposal, "FOR" the approval of the Sterling compensation proposal and "FOR" the approval of the Sterling adjournment proposal.

        In reaching its decision to approve and adopt the merger agreement and recommend that Sterling shareholders approve the merger agreement, the Sterling Board consulted with Sterling's management, received advice from its legal and financial advisors, and considered a number of factors, including the following material factors:

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        The foregoing discussion of the factors considered by the Sterling Board is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather a summary of the material factors considered by the Sterling Board. In reaching its decision to approve and adopt the merger agreement, including the merger and the other transactions contemplated by the merger agreement, the Sterling Board did not quantify or assign any

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relative weights to the factors considered, and individual directors may have given different weights to different factors. The Sterling Board considered the various factors as a whole, including discussions with, and questioning of, Sterling management and Sterling's financial and legal advisors, and overall considered the factors to be favorable to, and to support, its determination.

        The foregoing discussion of the information and factors considered by the Sterling Board is forward-looking in nature. This information should be read in light of the factors described under the section entitled "Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements" beginning on page 50 of this joint proxy statement/prospectus.


Opinion of Sandler O'Neill

        By letter dated February 8, 2013, as subsequently amended, Sterling retained Sandler O'Neill & Partners, L.P., or Sandler O'Neill, to act as financial advisor to Sterling's board of directors in connection with a possible business combination transaction. Sandler O'Neill is a nationally recognized investment banking firm whose principal business specialty is financial institutions. In the ordinary course of its investment banking business, Sandler O'Neill is regularly engaged in the valuation of financial institutions and their securities in connection with mergers and acquisitions and other corporate transactions. Sterling selected Sandler O'Neill to act as Sterling's advisor in connection with a possible business combination based on its qualifications, expertise, reputation and experience in mergers and acquisitions involving financial institutions and because of its familiarity with, and performance in prior engagements for, Sterling.

        Sandler O'Neill acted as financial advisor to the Sterling board of directors in connection with the proposed transaction and participated in certain of the negotiations leading to the execution of the merger agreement. At the September 11, 2013 meeting at which Sterling's board of directors considered and approved the merger agreement, Sandler O'Neill delivered to the board its oral opinion, which was subsequently confirmed in writing, that, as of such date, the merger consideration was fair to the holders of Sterling common stock from a financial point of view. The full text of Sandler O'Neill's opinion is attached as Annex D to this joint proxy statement/prospectus. The opinion outlines the procedures followed, assumptions made, matters considered and qualifications and limitations on the review undertaken by Sandler O'Neill in rendering its opinion. The description of the opinion set forth below is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the opinion. Holders of Sterling common stock are urged to read the entire opinion carefully in connection with their consideration of the proposed merger.

        Sandler O'Neill's opinion speaks only as of the date of the opinion. The opinion was directed to Sterling's board and is directed only to the fairness of the merger consideration to the holders of Sterling common stock from a financial point of view. It does not address the underlying business decision of Sterling to engage in the merger or any other aspect of the merger and is not a recommendation to any holder of Sterling common stock as to how such holder of Sterling common stock should vote at the special meeting with respect to the merger or any other matter. Sandler O'Neill did not express any opinion as to the fairness of the amount or nature of the compensation to be received in connection with the merger by Sterling's officers, directors, or employees, or any class of such persons, relative to the merger consideration to be received in the merger by any other shareholders of Sterling.

        In connection with rendering its opinion on September 11, 2013, Sandler O'Neill reviewed and considered, among other things:

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        Sandler O'Neill also discussed with certain members of the senior management of Sterling the business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects of Sterling and held similar discussions with the senior management of Umpqua regarding the business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects of Umpqua.

        In performing its reviews and analyses and in rendering its opinion, Sandler O'Neill relied upon the accuracy and completeness of all of the financial and other information that was available to Sandler O'Neill from public sources, that was provided to Sandler O'Neill by Sterling or Umpqua or their respective representatives or that was otherwise reviewed by Sandler O'Neill and Sandler O'Neill assumed such accuracy and completeness for purposes of rendering its opinion. Sandler O'Neill further relied on the assurances of the senior management of each of Sterling and Umpqua that they were not aware of any facts or circumstances that would make any of such information inaccurate or misleading in a material respect. Sandler O'Neill was not asked to undertake, and did not undertake, an independent verification of any of such information and Sandler O'Neill assumes no responsibility or liability for the accuracy or completeness thereof. Sandler O'Neill did not make an independent evaluation or appraisal of the specific assets, the collateral securing assets or the liabilities (contingent or otherwise) of Sterling or Umpqua or any of their respective subsidiaries. Sandler O'Neill did not make an independent evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses of Sterling, Umpqua or the combined entity after the merger and Sandler O'Neill did not review any individual credit files relating to Sterling and Umpqua. Sandler O'Neill assumed that the respective allowances for loan losses for Sterling and Umpqua are adequate to cover such losses.

        Sandler O'Neill used median publicly available earnings estimates for Sterling and Umpqua and an estimated long-term growth rate as provided by the respective senior managements of Sterling and Umpqua. Sandler O'Neill also received and used in its analyses certain projections of transaction costs, purchase accounting adjustments, expected cost savings and other synergies which were provided by Umpqua. With respect to those projections, estimates and judgments, the respective managements of Sterling and Umpqua confirmed to Sandler O'Neill that those projections, estimates and judgments reflected the best currently available estimates and judgments of those respective managements of the future financial performance of Sterling and Umpqua, respectively, and Sandler O'Neill assumed that

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such performance would be achieved. Sandler O'Neill expresses no opinion as to such estimates or the assumptions on which they are based. Sandler O'Neill assumed that there had been no material change in the respective assets, financial condition, results of operations, business or prospects of Sterling and Umpqua since the date of the most recent financial data made available to Sandler O'Neill. Sandler O'Neill also assumed in all respects material to its analysis that Sterling and Umpqua would remain as a going concern for all the periods relevant to its analyses. Sandler O'Neill expressed no opinion as to any of the legal, accounting and tax matters relating to the merger and any other transaction contemplated in connection therewith.

        Sandler O'Neill's opinion was necessarily based on financial, economic, regulatory, market and other conditions as in effect on, and the information made available to Sandler O'Neill as of, the date of its opinion. Events occurring after the date thereof could materially affect its opinion. Sandler O'Neill has not undertaken to update, revise, reaffirm or withdraw its opinion or otherwise comment upon events occurring after the date of its opinion. Sandler O'Neill expressed no opinion as to the trading values at which the common stock of Sterling or Umpqua may trade at any time or what the value of Umpqua common stock will be once it is actually received by the holders of Sterling common stock.

        In rendering its September 11, 2013 opinion, Sandler O'Neill performed a variety of financial analyses. The following is a summary of the material analyses performed by Sandler O'Neill, but it is not a complete description of all the analyses underlying Sandler O'Neill's opinion. The summary includes information presented in tabular format. In order to fully understand the financial analyses, these tables must be read together with the accompanying text. The tables alone do not constitute a complete description of the financial analyses. The preparation of a fairness opinion is a complex process involving subjective judgments as to the most appropriate and relevant methods of financial analysis and the application of those methods to the particular circumstances. The process, therefore, is not necessarily susceptible to a partial analysis or summary description. Sandler O'Neill believes that its analyses must be considered as a whole and that selecting portions of the factors and analyses to be considered without considering all factors and analyses, or attempting to ascribe relative weights to some or all such factors and analyses, could create an incomplete view of the evaluation process underlying its opinion. Also, no company included in Sandler O'Neill's comparative analyses described below is identical to Sterling or Umpqua and no transaction is identical to the merger. Accordingly, an analysis of comparable companies or transactions involves complex considerations and judgments concerning differences in financial and operating characteristics of the companies and other factors that could affect the public trading values or merger transaction values, as the case may be, of Sterling and Umpqua and the companies to which they are being compared.

        In performing its analyses, Sandler O'Neill also made numerous assumptions with respect to industry performance, business and economic conditions and various other matters, many of which cannot be accurately predicted and are beyond the control of Sterling, Umpqua and Sandler O'Neill. The analysis performed by Sandler O'Neill is not necessarily indicative of actual values or future results, both of which may be significantly more or less favorable than suggested by such analyses. Sandler O'Neill prepared its analyses solely for purposes of rendering its opinion and provided such analyses to the Sterling board of directors at its September 11, 2013 meeting. Estimates of the values of companies do not purport to be appraisals or necessarily reflect the prices at which companies or their securities may actually be sold. Such estimates are inherently subject to uncertainty and actual values may be materially different. Accordingly, Sandler O'Neill's analyses do not necessarily reflect the value of Sterling's common stock or the prices at which Sterling's common stock may be sold at any time. The analyses of Sandler O'Neill and its opinion were among a number of factors taken into consideration by Sterling's board of directors in making its determination to approve of Sterling's entry into the merger agreement and the analyses described below should not be viewed as determinative of

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the decision of Sterling's board of directors or senior management with respect to the fairness of the merger.

        In arriving at its opinion Sandler O'Neill did not attribute any particular weight to any individual analysis or factor that it considered. Rather it made qualitative judgments as to the significance and relevance of each analysis and factor. Sandler O'Neill did not form an opinion as to whether any individual analysis or factor (positive or negative) considered in isolation supported or failed to support its opinions; rather Sandler O'Neill made its determination as to the fairness of the merger consideration on the basis of its experience and professional judgment after considering the results of all its analyses taken as a whole.

        Sandler O'Neill reviewed the financial terms of the proposed transaction. As described in the merger agreement, Sterling shareholders have the right to receive consideration consisting of 1.671 shares of Umpqua common stock and $2.18 in cash in exchange for each share of Sterling's common stock. Based upon Umpqua's closing price of $17.19 as of September 10, 2013, Sandler O'Neill calculated a merger consideration value of $30.90 per share of Sterling common stock. Based upon 62,314,862 common shares outstanding, 542,865 restricted stock units outstanding, warrants for 2,874,594 shares with a strike price of $13.26 per share, 245,847 in-the-money options outstanding with a weighted-average strike price of $21.69 per share and using Umpqua's closing price of $17.19 as of September 10, 2013, Sandler O'Neill calculated an aggregate merger consideration value of $1.996 billion. Based upon financial information as of or for the twelve month period ended June 30, 2013, Sandler O'Neill calculated the following transaction ratios:

Transaction Value / Book Value Per Share:

    160 %

Transaction Value / Tangible Book Value Per Share:

    167 %

Transaction Value / Last Twelve Months' Earnings Per Share:

    19.1x  

Transaction Value / Adjusted Last Twelve Months' Earnings Per Share(1):

    21.6x  

Transaction Value / Median Analyst Estimated 2013 Earnings Per Share:

    19.3x  

Transaction Value / Median Analyst Estimated 2014 Earnings Per Share:

    18.8x  

Tangible Book Premium to Core Deposits:

    14.2 %

(1)
Excludes net positive pretax $10.7 million in non-recurring items and assumes a 32% tax rate

        Sandler O'Neill reviewed the historical trading prices for Sterling common stock and observed that the merger consideration reflected a premium to those historical stock trading prices as follows:

Premium to Sterling Stock Price (Sept. 10, 2013):

    13.9 %

Premium to Sterling Stock Price (Aug. 30, 2013)(1):

    27.7 %

Premium to Sterling 52 Week High Price:

    3.8 %

Premium to Sterling 52 Week Low Price:

    58.0 %

Premium to Sterling 30 Day Average Closing Price (ending Sept. 10, 2013):

    17.6 %

(1)
August 30, 2013 is the last closing price prior to a Bloomberg news story identifying Sterling as a merger candidate. The following trading day, Sterling stock increased over 9%.

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        Sandler O'Neill used publicly available information to compare selected financial information for Sterling and Umpqua and a group of financial institutions selected by Sandler O'Neill based on Sandler O'Neill's professional judgment and experience. The peer group consisted of NASDAQ and NYSE traded bank holding companies headquartered in the Western Region of the United States with assets as of the most recently reported period between $5 billion and $20 billion, and excluded thrifts, merger targets and ethnic-focused banks. The following financial institutions were selected for the comparison:

Bank of Hawaii Corporation   Glacier Bancorp, Inc.
Columbia Banking System, Inc.   PacWest Bancorp
CVB Financial Corp.   Washington Federal, Inc.
First Interstate BancSystem, Inc.   Western Alliance Bancorporation

        The analysis compared publicly available financial information for Sterling, Umpqua and the mean and median financial and market trading data for the peer group as of or for the period ended June 30, 2013 with pricing data as of September 10, 2013 and in certain instances August 30, 2013. The table below sets forth the data for Sterling and Umpqua and the mean and median data for the peer group.

 
  Sterling
Financial
Corp.(1)
(9/10/13
pricing)(2)
  Sterling
Financial
Corp.(1)
(8/30/13
pricing)(3)
  Umpqua
Holdings
Corp.
(9/10/13
pricing)(2)
  Comparable
Group
Median
(9/10/13
pricing)(4)
  Comparable
Group
Mean
(9/10/13
pricing)(4)
 

Total Assets (in millions)

  $ 9,940       $ 11,392   $ 7,644   $ 8,854  

Last Twelve Months Net Interest Margin

    3.57 %       3.85 %   3.71 %   3.97 %

Last Twelve Months Return on Average Assets

    0.96 %       0.89 %   1.11 %   1.13 %

Last Twelve Months Return on Average Equity

    7.3 %       6.0 %   9.8 %   10.2 %

Last Twelve Months Efficiency Ratio

    68 %       63 %   57 %   58 %

Non-Performing Assets / Total Assets

    1.70 %       1.19 %   2.34 %   2.34 %

Tangible Common Equity / Tangible Assets

    11.7 %       9.6 %   9.3 %   9.4 %

Tier 1 Leverage Ratio

    12.2 %       11.7 %   9.9 %   10.4 %

Total Risk Based Capital Ratio

    17.6 %       16.7 %   16.5 %   17.6 %

Market Capitalization (in millions)

  $ 1,691   $ 1,508   $ 1,924   $ 1,551   $ 1,639  

Price / Book Value Per Share

    140 %   125 %   112 %   189 %   177 %

Price / Tangible Book Value Per Share

    147 %   131 %   186 %   212 %   211 %

Price / Last Twelve Months' Earnings Per Share

    18.9x     16.9x     18.9x     17.2x     17.0x  

Price / Estimated 2013 Earnings Per Share

    17.0x     15.1x     18.1x     15.6x     15.9x  

Price / Estimated 2014 Earnings Per Share

    16.5x     14.8x     16.1x     14.6x     14.7x  

Dividend Yield

    2.95 %   3.31 %   3.49 %   2.48 %   2.50 %

(1)
Sterling LTM earnings excludes net positive pretax $10.7 million in non-recurring items and assumes a 32% tax rate

(2)
Sterling stock price as of 9/10/13: $27.14. Umpqua stock price as of 9/10/13: $17.19

(3)
Sterling stock price as of 8/30/13: $24.20. 8/30/13 is the last closing price prior to a Bloomberg news story identifying Sterling as a merger candidate. The following trading day, Sterling's closing stock price increased over 9%

(4)
LTM of certain peer group members adjusted for certain material non-recurring items

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        The following tables provide information for each of the peer group members. Financial information in the tables is based on GAAP results as of June 30, 2013, and Price / Estimated Earnings Per Share information is based on median consensus earnings per share estimates.

 
  Bank of Hawaii
Corporation
(9/10/13
pricing)
  Washington
Federal, Inc.
(9/10/13
pricing)
  Western Alliance
Bancorporation
(9/10/13
pricing)
  Glacier
Bancorp, Inc.
(9/10/13
pricing)
 

Total Assets (in millions)

  $ 13,733   $ 13,012   $ 8,594   $ 7,997  

Last Twelve Months Net Interest Margin

    2.86 %   3.13 %   4.42 %   3.18 %

Last Twelve Months Return on Average Assets

    1.15 %   1.09 %(1)   1.10 %(2)   1.09 %

Last Twelve Months Return on Average Equity

    15.0 %   7.3 %(1)   11.4 %(2)   9.2 %

Last Twelve Months Efficiency Ratio

    58 %   52 %   54 %   58 %

Non-Performing Assets / Total Assets

    0.55 %   4.80 %   2.91 %   2.63 %

Tangible Common Equity / Tangible Assets

    7.0 %   13.0 %   7.4 %   10.2 %

Tier 1 Leverage Ratio

    7.0 %   N/A     9.9 %   11.9 %

Total Risk Based Capital Ratio

    16.8 %   26.6 %   12.0 %   19.5 %

Market Capitalization (in millions)

  $ 2,335   $ 2,157   $ 1,518   $ 1,800  

Price / Book Value Per Share

    237 %   112 %   230 %   192 %

Price / Tangible Book Value Per Share

    245 %   130 %   241 %   222 %

Price / Last Twelve Months' Earnings Per Share

    15.0x     15.6x (1)   17.2x (2)   20.9x  

Price / Estimated 2013 Earnings Per Share

    15.6x     15.0x     13.8x     18.9x  

Price / Estimated 2014 Earnings Per Share

    15.4x     13.9x     13.4x     16.6x  

Dividend Yield

    3.44 %   1.73 %   N/A     2.48 %

(1)
Net income adjusted for material non-recurring items: Net negative $6 million pretax adjustment related to penalties on the debt prepayment expense more than offset by gains on sale of securities.

(2)
Net income adjusted for material non-recurring items: Net negative $24 million pretax adjustment related primarily to bargain purchase gains less merger transaction expenses.

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  First Interstate
BancSystem, Inc.
(9/10/13
pricing)
  Columbia
Banking
System, Inc.
(9/10/13
pricing)
  PacWest
Bancorp
(9/10/13
pricing)
  CVB
Financial
Corp.
(9/10/13
pricing)
 

Total Assets (in millions)

  $ 7,292   $ 7,070   $ 6,709   $ 6,426  

Last Twelve Months Net Interest Margin

    3.57 %   5.22 %   5.55 %   3.86 %

Last Twelve Months Return on Average Assets

    1.00 %   1.11 %(3)   1.28 %(4)   1.22 %

Last Twelve Months Return on Average Equity

    9.6 %   7.5 %(3)   11.7 %(4)   10.1 %

Last Twelve Months Efficiency Ratio

    60 %   68 %   57 %   54 %

Non-Performing Assets / Total Assets

    2.06 %   1.26 %   2.63 %   1.89 %

Tangible Common Equity / Tangible Assets

    8.2 %   9.8 %   8.8 %   10.9 %

Tier 1 Leverage Ratio

    9.7 %   9.9 %   12.8 %   11.6 %

Total Risk Based Capital Ratio

    16.3 %   14.1 %   16.3 %   19.4 %

Market Capitalization (in millions)

  $ 1,074   $ 1,244   $ 1,585   $ 1,401  

Price / Book Value Per Share

    139 %   121 %   198 %   186 %

Price / Tangible Book Value Per Share

    185 %   190 %   277 %   202 %

Price / Last Twelve Months' Earnings Per Share

    14.7x     17.1x (3)   17.7x (4)   18.0x  

Price / Estimated 2013 Earnings Per Share

    13.3x     15.9x     19.0x     15.6x  

Price / Estimated 2014 Earnings Per Share

    14.2x     14.3x     15.0x     15.2x  

Dividend Yield

    2.29 %   1.65 %   2.91 %   3.00 %

(3)
Net income adjusted for material non-recurring items: Net positive $12 million pretax adjustment related primarily to merger transaction expenses.

(4)
Net income adjusted for material non-recurring items: Net positive $27 million pretax adjustment related primarily to merger/divestiture transaction expenses.

        Sandler O'Neill reviewed the publicly reported trading prices of Sterling's and Umpqua's common stock for the one-year and three-year periods ended September 10, 2013. Sandler O'Neill then compared the relationship between the movements in the price of Sterling's and Umpqua's common stock against the movements in the prices of the peer group referenced above, the S&P 500 Index and the NASDAQ Bank Index.


One-Year Comparative Stock Performance

 
  Beginning Value
September 10, 2012
  Ending Value
September 10, 2013
 

Sterling

    100 %   127 %

Umpqua

    100 %   132 %

Peer Group

    100 %   132 %

S&P 500 Index

    100 %   118 %

NASDAQ Bank Index

    100 %   125 %

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Three-Year Comparative Stock Performance

 
  Beginning Value
September 10, 2010
  Ending Value
September 10, 2013
 

Sterling

    100 %   59 %

Umpqua

    100 %   152 %

Peer Group

    100 %   155 %

S&P 500 Index

    100 %   152 %

NASDAQ Bank Index

    100 %   143 %

        Sandler O'Neill reviewed analyst estimated earnings per share for Sterling for 2013 and 2014 along with analyst estimated future price targets. The mean and median for 2013 and 2014 earnings per share and future price targets for Sterling were based on reports from six research analysts.

Summary of Sterling Analyst Estimates and Price Targets

 
  EPS    
 
 
  Future Price
Target
 
 
  2013   2014  

Mean

  $ 1.61   $ 1.65   $ 28.00  

Median

  $ 1.60   $ 1.64   $ 28.00  

        Sandler O'Neill reviewed analyst estimated earnings per share for Umpqua for 2013, 2014 and 2015 along with analyst estimated future price targets. The mean and median for 2013 and 2014 earnings per share were based on reports from ten research analysts. The mean and median for 2015 earnings per share were based on reports from four analysts. The future price targets were based on reports from five research analysts. In some cases earnings per share estimates and future price target information was not available from all analysts.

Summary of Umpqua Analyst Estimates and Price Targets

 
  EPS    
 
 
  Future Price
Target
 
 
  2013   2014   2015  

Mean

  $ 0.95   $ 1.06   $ 1.17   $ 16.70  

Median

  $ 0.95   $ 1.07   $ 1.19   $ 17.00  

        Sandler O'Neill performed an analysis that estimated the net present value per share of Sterling common stock under various scenarios using June 30, 2013 as the valuation date. Sandler O'Neill assumed, after discussions with Sterling management in which management concluded that such assumptions were reasonable, that Sterling performed in accordance with the publicly available median analyst estimated earnings per share for the years ending December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2014 and an estimated long-term growth rate of 8% as provided by Sterling's senior management for the years thereafter. Sandler O'Neill's analysis also included assumptions with respect to (1) an annual asset growth rate of approximately 5.0% beginning in 2014; (2) 5.0% share repurchase activity in each of 2014 and 2015 and (3) annual cash dividend payments of $0.60 in 2013 and $1.00 per share for the years thereafter, in each case as provided by senior management of Sterling. This analysis resulted in the following forecasted information for Sterling for each of the years ending December 31, 2013 through December 31, 2018.

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Certain Forecasted Financial Information for Sterling

 
  Year Ending December 31,  
 
  2013   2014   2015   2016   2017   2018  
 
  ($ in thousands, except per share amounts and percentages)
 

Net Income

  $ 101,582   $ 101,599   $ 105,059   $ 110,674   $ 119,664   $ 129,465  

Earnings Per Share

  $ 1.60   $ 1.64   $ 1.78   $ 1.92   $ 2.07   $ 2.24  

Tangible Book Value Per Share

  $ 18.57   $ 18.95   $ 19.48   $ 20.50   $ 21.65   $ 22.96  

Tangible Equity / Tangible Assets

    11.43 %   10.55 %   9.80 %   9.82 %   9.88 %   9.97 %

Return on Average Assets

    1.09 %   1.00 %   0.98 %   0.98 %   1.00 %   1.02 %

        To approximate the terminal value of Sterling common stock at December 31, 2018, Sandler O'Neill applied price to earnings multiples ranging from 14.0x to 21.5x and multiples of tangible book value ranging from 125% to 275%. The terminal values were then discounted to present values using different discount rates ranging from 9.0% to 11.5% chosen to reflect different assumptions regarding required rates of return of holders or prospective buyers of Sterling's common stock.

        As illustrated in the following tables, the analysis indicates an imputed range of values per share of Sterling common stock of $21.39 to $34.39 when applying multiples of earnings to the applicable amounts indicated in the Sterling projections and $20.08 to $43.89 when applying multiples of tangible book value to the applicable amounts indicated in the Sterling projections.

 
  Earnings Per Share Multiples  
Discount Rate
  14.0x   15.5x   17.0x   18.5x   20.0x   21.5x  

9.00%

  $ 23.95   $ 26.04   $ 28.12   $ 30.21   $ 32.30   $ 34.39  

9.50%

  $ 23.41   $ 25.44   $ 27.48   $ 29.51   $ 31.55   $ 33.59  

10.00%

  $ 22.88   $ 24.87   $ 26.85   $ 28.84   $ 30.82   $ 32.81  

10.50%

  $ 22.37   $ 24.31   $ 26.24   $ 28.18   $ 30.12   $ 32.05  

11.00%

  $ 21.87   $ 23.76   $ 25.65   $ 27.54   $ 29.43   $ 31.32  

11.50%

  $ 21.39   $ 23.23   $ 25.08   $ 26.92   $ 28.76   $ 30.61  

 

 
  Tangible Book Value Multiples  
Discount Rate
  125%   155%   185%   215%   245%   275%  

9.00%

  $ 22.45   $ 26.74   $ 31.03   $ 35.32   $ 39.61   $ 43.89  

9.50%

  $ 21.95   $ 26.13   $ 30.31   $ 34.50   $ 38.68   $ 42.86  

10.00%

  $ 21.46   $ 25.54   $ 29.62   $ 33.70   $ 37.77   $ 41.85  

10.50%

  $ 20.99   $ 24.97   $ 28.94   $ 32.92   $ 36.90   $ 40.88  

11.00%

  $ 20.53   $ 24.41   $ 28.29   $ 32.17   $ 36.05   $ 39.93  

11.50%

  $ 20.08   $ 23.86   $ 27.65   $ 31.43   $ 35.22   $ 39.01  

        Sandler O'Neill also considered and discussed with the Sterling board of directors how this analysis would be affected by possible changes in the underlying assumptions, including variations with respect to net income. To illustrate this impact, Sandler O'Neill performed a sensitivity analysis assuming Sterling net income varied from 25% above projections to 25% below projections. This sensitivity

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analysis resulted in the following range of per share values for Sterling common stock, using the same price to earnings multiples of 14.0x to 21.5x and a discount rate of 9.6%.

 
  Earnings Per Share Multiples  
Annual Variance
  14.0x   15.5x   17.0x   18.5x   20.0x   21.5x  

-25.00%

  $ 18.56   $ 20.07   $ 21.59   $ 23.11   $ 24.63   $ 26.15  

-20.00%

  $ 19.50   $ 21.12   $ 22.74   $ 24.36   $ 25.98   $ 27.60  

-15.00%

  $ 20.44   $ 22.17   $ 23.89   $ 25.61   $ 27.33   $ 29.05  

-10.00%

  $ 21.39   $ 23.21   $ 25.03   $ 26.86   $ 28.68   $ 30.05  

-5.00%

  $ 22.33   $ 24.26   $ 26.18   $ 28.10   $ 30.03   $ 31.95  

0.00%

  $ 23.28   $ 25.30   $ 27.33   $ 29.35   $ 31.38   $ 33.40  

5.00%

  $ 24.22   $ 26.35   $ 28.47   $ 30.60   $ 32.73   $ 34.85  

10.00%

  $ 25.17   $ 27.40   $ 29.62   $ 31.85   $ 34.08   $ 36.30  

15.00%

  $ 26.11   $ 28.44   $ 30.77   $ 33.10   $ 35.42   $ 37.75  

20.00%

  $ 27.06   $ 29.49   $ 31.92   $ 34.35   $ 36.77   $ 39.20  

25.00%

  $ 28.00   $ 30.53   $ 33.06   $ 35.59   $ 38.12   $ 40.65  

        The following table describes a discount rate calculation for Sterling prepared by Sandler O'Neill. The discount rate equals the product of two year beta and equity risk premium plus the risk free rate.

Risk Free Rate

    2.95 % 10 Year UST Yield

Two Year Beta

    1.17   Per Bloomberg

Equity Risk Premium

    5.70 % Ibbotson 60 year market analysis
         

Discount Rate

    9.62 %  

        During the September 11, 2013 meeting of the Sterling board of directors, Sandler O'Neill noted that the net present value analysis is a widely used valuation methodology, but the results of such methodology are highly dependent upon the numerous assumptions that must be made, and the results thereof are not necessarily indicative of actual values or future results.

        Sandler O'Neill also performed an analysis that estimated the net present value per share of Umpqua common stock under various scenarios using June 30, 2013 as the valuation date. In performing this analysis, Sandler O'Neill made certain assumptions about Umpqua's estimated earnings per share, asset growth rates and dividends. Umpqua's management communicated that publicly available median analyst estimates for earnings per share (including the long-term earnings growth rate), asset growth rate and dividends were reasonable and confirmed that, at that time, an estimated long term annual earnings growth rate of 8%, an annual asset growth rate of approximately 5% beginning in 2014 and annual cash dividend payments of $0.60 beginning in 2013 were consistent with publicly available median analyst estimates. Accordingly, in its financial analysis, Sandler O'Neill assumed (i) that Umpqua performed in accordance with such estimates of earnings per share for the years ended December 31, 2013, December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2015 and thereafter at an estimated long-term growth rate of 8%, (ii) an annual asset growth rate of approximately 5.0% beginning in 2014 and (iii) annual cash dividend payments of $0.60 beginning in 2013. This analysis resulted in the following forecasted information for each of the years ending December 31, 2013 through December 31, 2018.

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Certain Forecasted Financial Information for Umpqua

 
  Year Ending December 31,  
 
  2013   2014   2015   2016   2017   2018  
 
  ($ in thousands, except per share amounts and percentages)
 

Net Income

  $ 106,695   $ 120,013   $ 133,665   $ 144,441   $ 156,136   $ 168,744  

Earnings Per Share

  $ 0.95   $ 1.07   $ 1.19   $ 1.29   $ 1.39   $ 1.50  

Tangible Book Value Per Share

  $ 8.66   $ 9.17   $ 9.79   $ 10.50   $ 11.31   $ 12.23  

Tangible Equity / Tangible Assets

    8.84 %   8.88 %   9.00 %   9.16 %   9.38 %   9.63 %

Return on Average Assets

    0.93 %   1.00 %   1.06 %   1.09 %   1.12 %   1.15 %

        To approximate the terminal value of Umpqua common stock at December 31, 2018, Sandler O'Neill applied price to earnings multiples ranging from 14.0x to 21.5x and multiples of tangible book value ranging from 125% to 275%. The terminal values were then discounted to present values using different discount rates ranging from 9.0% to 11.5% chosen to reflect different assumptions regarding required rates of return of holders or prospective buyers of Umpqua's common stock.

        As illustrated in the following tables, the analysis indicates an imputed range of values per share of Umpqua common stock of $13.90 to $22.61 when applying earnings multiples to the applicable amounts indicated in the Umpqua projections and $10.76 to $23.46 when applying multiples of tangible book value to the applicable amounts indicated in the Umpqua projections.

 
  Earnings Per Share Multiples  
Discount Rate
  14.0x   15.5x   17.0x   18.5x   20.0x   21.5x  

9.00%

  $ 15.60   $ 17.00   $ 18.40   $ 19.80   $ 21.21   $ 22.61  

9.50%

  $ 15.24   $ 16.61   $ 17.97   $ 19.34   $ 20.71   $ 22.07  

10.00%

  $ 14.89   $ 16.22   $ 17.56   $ 18.89   $ 20.22   $ 21.56  

10.50%

  $ 14.55   $ 15.85   $ 17.15   $ 18.45   $ 19.75   $ 21.05  

11.00%

  $ 14.22   $ 15.49   $ 16.76   $ 18.03   $ 19.29   $ 20.56  

11.50%

  $ 13.90   $ 15.14   $ 16.37   $ 17.61   $ 18.85   $ 20.09  

 

 
  Tangible Book Value Multiples  
Discount Rate
  125%   155%   185%   215%   245%   275%  

9.00%

  $ 12.04   $ 14.32   $ 16.61   $ 18.89   $ 21.18   $ 23.46  

9.50%

  $ 11.77   $ 14.00   $ 16.22   $ 18.45   $ 20.68   $ 22.91  

10.00%

  $ 11.51   $ 13.68   $ 15.85   $ 18.02   $ 20.20   $ 22.37  

10.50%

  $ 11.25   $ 13.37   $ 15.49   $ 17.61   $ 19.73   $ 21.84  

11.00%

  $ 11.00   $ 13.07   $ 15.14   $ 17.20   $ 19.27   $ 21.34  

11.50%

  $ 10.76   $ 12.78   $ 14.79   $ 16.81   $ 18.83   $ 20.84  

        Sandler O'Neill also considered and discussed with the Sterling board of directors how this analysis would be affected by possible changes in the underlying assumptions, including variations with respect to net income. To illustrate this impact, Sandler O'Neill performed a sensitivity analysis assuming Umpqua net income varied from 25% above projections to 25% below projections. This sensitivity

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analysis resulted in the following range of per share values for Umpqua common stock, using the same price to earnings multiples of 14.0x to 21.5x and a discount rate of 9.8%:

 
  Earnings Per Share Multiples  
Annual Variance
  14.0x   15.5x   17.0x   18.5x   20.0x   21.5x  

-25.00%

  $ 11.89   $ 12.90   $ 13.91   $ 14.92   $ 15.93   $ 16.94  

-20.00%

  $ 12.52   $ 13.60   $ 14.68   $ 15.75   $ 16.83   $ 17.91  

-15.00%

  $ 13.15   $ 14.29   $ 15.44   $ 16.58   $ 17.73   $ 18.87  

-10.00%

  $ 13.78   $ 14.99   $ 16.20   $ 17.41   $ 18.63   $ 19.84  

-5.00%

  $ 14.41   $ 15.69   $ 16.97   $ 18.25   $ 19.53   $ 20.81  

0.00%

  $ 15.03   $ 16.38   $ 17.73   $ 19.08   $ 20.42   $ 21.77  

5.00%

  $ 15.66   $ 17.08   $ 18.49   $ 19.91   $ 21.32   $ 22.74  

10.00%

  $ 16.29   $ 17.77   $ 19.26   $ 20.74   $ 22.22   $ 23.70  

15.00%

  $ 16.92   $ 18.47   $ 20.02   $ 21.57   $ 23.12   $ 24.67  

20.00%

  $ 17.55   $ 19.17   $ 20.78   $ 22.40   $ 24.02   $ 25.63  

25.00%

  $ 18.18   $ 19.86   $ 21.55   $ 23.23   $ 24.92   $ 26.60  

        The following table describes a discount rate calculation for Umpqua prepared by Sandler O'Neill. The discount rate equals the product of two year beta and equity risk premium plus the risk free rate.

Risk Free Rate

    2.95 % 10 Year UST Yield

Two Year Beta

    1.20   Per Bloomberg

Equity Risk Premium

    5.70 % Ibbotson 60 year market analysis
         

Discount Rate

    9.79 %  

        At the September 11, 2013 meeting of the Sterling board of directors, Sandler O'Neill noted that the net present value analysis is a widely used valuation methodology, but the results of such methodology are highly dependent upon the numerous assumptions that must be made, and the results thereof are not necessarily indicative of actual values or future results.

        Sandler O'Neill reviewed a group of comparable mergers and acquisitions. The group of mergers and acquisitions was comprised of the eight transactions announced between January 1, 2012 and September 10, 2013 involving nationwide commercial bank holding companies with announced deal values greater than $500 million, with the $500 million threshold selected based on Sandler O'Neill's professional judgment and experience. The group was composed of the following transactions:

Buyer/Target

PacWest Bancorp/ CapitalSource Inc.
MB Financial, Inc./ Taylor Capital Group, Inc.
Banco de Credito e Inversiones SA/ CM Florida Holdings, Inc.
Columbia Banking System, Inc./ West Coast Bancorp
FirstMerit Corporation/ Citizens Republic Bancorp, Inc.
Hilltop Holdings Inc./ PlainsCapital Corporation
Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group, Inc./ Pacific Capital Bancorp
Prosperity Bancshares, Inc./ American State Financial Corporation

        Sandler O'Neill then reviewed the following merger valuation multiples for each of the transactions: transaction price to book value, transaction price to tangible book value, transaction price to last twelve months' earnings per share, transaction price to estimated current year earnings per share, tangible book premium to core deposits, transaction price to target company's stock price two

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days before transaction announcement and transaction price to target company's stock price two weeks before announcement. As illustrated in the following table, Sandler O'Neill compared the proposed merger valuation multiples to the median and mean multiples of the comparable transactions.

 
  Sterling /
Umpqua
  Median
Transactions
  Mean
Transactions
 

Transaction Value / Book Value Per Share:

    160 %   146 %   146 %

Transaction Value / Tangible Book Value Per Share:

    167 %   174 %   172 %

Transaction Value / Last Twelve Months Earnings Per Share:(1)

    19.1x     18.1x     17.7x  

Transaction Value / Median Estimated 2013 Earnings Per Share:

    19.3x     19.1x     18.1x  

Tangible Book Premium to Core Deposits:

    14.2 %   11.7 %   13.1 %

Premium to Sterling Stock Price (Sept. 10, 2013):

    13.9 %   20.1 %   26.8 %

Premium to Sterling Stock Price (Aug. 30, 2013):(2)

    27.7 %   19.0 %   27.5 %

(1)
Sterling LTM excludes net positive pretax $10.7 million in non-recurring items and assumes a 32% tax rate. LTM of certain target companies in comparable transactions adjusted for certain material non-recurring items.

(2)
August 30, 2013 is the last closing price prior to a Bloomberg news story identifying Sterling as a merger candidate. The following trading day, Sterling stock increased over 9%. Precedent merger transactions illustrates a premium relative to the market price 2 weeks prior to announcement

        The following tables provide information for each of the comparable transactions above.

 
  PacWest
Bancorp/
CapitalSource
Inc.
  MB
Financial, Inc./
Taylor Capital
Group, Inc.
  Banco de
Credito e
Inversiones
SA/CM
Florida
Holdings, Inc.
  Columbia
Banking
System, Inc./
West Coast
Bancorp
 

Transaction Value / Book Value Per Share:

    148 %   182 %   101 %   145 %

Transaction Value / Tangible Book Value Per Share:

    166 %   182 %   191 %   145 %

Transaction Value / Last Twelve Months Earnings Per Share:

    17.9 x   11.4 x   22.3 x(1)   23.2 x(2)

Transaction Value / Median Estimated 2013 Earnings Per Share:

    19.1 x   14.0 x   N/A     21.4 x

Tangible Book Premium to Core Deposits:

    33.9 %   3.0 %   13.8 %   9.9 %

Target's Tangible Equity / Tangible Assets (quarter prior to announcement)

    16.2 %   9.5 %   11.0 %   13.6 %

Target's Non-Performing Assets / Total Assets (quarter prior to announcement)

    2.1 %   1.9 %   1.0 %   3.0 %

Target's Last Twelve Months Return on Average Assets (quarter prior to announcement)

    1.6 %   1.3 %   NM     1.5 %

(1)
Assumes an estimated normalized 35% tax rate.

(2)
Excludes one-time items related to deferred tax asset reversal, FHLB prepayment penalties and branch closure costs, assumes normalized tax rate of 35%.

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  FirstMerit
Corporation/
Citizens
Republic
Bancorp, Inc.
  Hilltop
Holdings Inc./
PlainsCapital
Corporation
  Mitsubishi
UFJ
Financial
Group, Inc./
Pacific
Capital
Bancorp
  Prosperity
Bancshares, Inc./
American
State
Financial
Corporation
 

Transaction Value / Book Value Per Share:

    90 %   114 %   199 %   189 %

Transaction Value / Tangible Book Value Per Share:

    130 %   128 %   224 %   206 %

Transaction Value / Last Twelve Months Earnings Per Share:

    18.4 x(3)   8.6 x   27.2 x(4)   12.6 x

Transaction Value / Median Estimated 2013 Earnings Per Share:

    NM     N/A     N/A     N/A  

Tangible Book Premium to Core Deposits:

    4.1 %   4.4 %   22.2 %   13.5 %

Target's Tangible Equity / Tangible Assets (quarter prior to announcement)

    10.8 %   8.6 %   11.7 %   8.4 %

Target's Non-Performing Assets / Total Assets (quarter prior to announcement)

    1.2 %   1.7 %   1.2 %   0.3 %

Target's Last Twelve Months Return on Average Assets (quarter prior to announcement)

    NM     1.2 %   NM     1.5 %

(3)
Assumes an estimated normalized 24% tax rate.

(4)
Assumes an estimated normalized 34% tax rate.

        The following table sets forth the imputed valuation for Sterling based on the mean and median valuation multiples from the selected merger transactions above.

 
  Selected Merger
Transactions
  Imputed Valuation  
 
  Mean   Median   Mean   Median  

Book Value Per Share

    146 %   146 % $ 28.25   $ 28.34  

Tangible Book Value Per Share

    172 %   174 % $ 31.72   $ 32.15  

Last Twelve Months EPS(1)

    17.7x     18.1x   $ 25.30   $ 25.95  

Analyst Estimated Current Year EPS

    18.1x     19.1x   $ 29.03   $ 30.53  

Core Deposits

    13.1 %   11.7 % $ 31.00   $ 29.63  

One Day Market Premium

    26.8 %   20.1 % $ 34.41   $ 32.60  

Two Week Market Premium(2)

    27.5 %   19.0 % $ 30.87   $ 28.80  

(1)
Sterling LTM excludes net positive pretax $10.7 million in non-recurring items and assumes a 32% tax rate. LTM of certain target companies in comparable transactions adjusted for certain material non-recurring items.

(2)
Two week premium based on August 30, 2013 price for Sterling. August 30, 2013 is the last closing price prior to a Bloomberg news story identifying Sterling as a merger candidate. The following trading day, Sterling stock increased over 9%. Precedent merger transactions illustrates a premium relative to the market price 2 weeks prior to announcement

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        Sandler O'Neill analyzed certain potential pro forma effects of the merger, assuming the following: (1) the merger closes on March 31, 2014; (2) per share merger consideration value of $30.90, based on Umpqua's closing stock price on September 10, 2013 of $17.19; (3) Umpqua is able to achieve cost savings of approximately 28% of Sterling projected operating expense and such savings are 50% realized in 2014 (approximately $44 million pretax annualized) and fully realized in 2015 (approximately $88 million pretax), after Umpqua management communicated that it had concluded that such assumptions were reasonable; (4) total pretax transaction costs and expenses of approximately $80 million, with 100% of the expenses recognized prior to or at closing; (5) a charge associated with estimated facilities upgrade cost of approximately $41 million to be capitalized at closing (10 year, straight line depreciation); (6) a core deposit intangible of approximately $61 million (10 year, sum-of-years-digits amortization); (7) Sterling's performance is consistent with publicly available median analyst estimated earnings per share for the years ending December 31, 2013 and December 31, 2014 and an estimated long-term growth rate of 8% for the years thereafter; (8) Umpqua's performance is consistent with publicly available median analyst earnings estimates for the years ending December 31, 2013, December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2015 and an estimated long-term growth rate of 8% for the years thereafter; (9) various purchase accounting adjustments, including credit and interest rate mark-to-market adjustments and other accounting adjustments on Sterling's loan portfolio, other real estate owned, mortgage servicing rights, deposits, borrowings and other liabilities resulting in an estimated aggregate pretax mark on assets of approximately negative $300 million and an estimated aggregate mark on liabilities of approximately negative $66 million; (10) estimated pretax liability restructuring costs of approximately $61 million and a reduction in borrowings of approximately $500 million; and (11) an estimated deposit and loan divestiture of approximately $316 million and approximately $45 million, respectively. The analyses indicated that for the year ending December 31, 2014, the merger (excluding transaction expenses) would be accretive to Umpqua's projected earnings per share and, as of March 31, 2014 the merger would be dilutive to Umpqua's tangible book value per share. The analyses also indicated that as of March 31, 2014, the merger (taking into account estimated transaction expenses) would maintain Umpqua's regulatory capital ratios in excess of the regulatory guidelines for "well capitalized" status. The actual results achieved by the combined company, however, may vary from projected results and the variations may be material.

        The table below shows Sandler O'Neill's projected accretion/dilution percentages for both Sterling and Umpqua as of closing and for each of the years 2014-2018.

 
   
  As of or for the year ending:  
 
  Closing   12/31/2014   12/31/2015   12/31/2016   12/31/2017   12/31/2018  

Umpqua EPS Accretion/(Dilution)—excluding transaction expenses

          6.4 %   12.7 %   9.6 %   8.5 %   7.6 %

Sterling EPS Accretion/(Dilution)—excluding transaction expenses (assumes 100% stock allocation)

          24.8 %   35.7 %   32.1 %   31.1 %   29.7 %

Umpqua TBVPS Accretion/(Dilution)

    (4.5 )%   (3.2 )%   (1.1 )%   0.4 %   1.6 %   2.6 %

Sterling TBVPS Accretion/(Dilution)

    (19.2 )%   (15.8 )%   (10.7 )%   (7.6 )%   (4.6 )%   (1.7 )%

        Following the issuance of the opinion, Sander O'Neill provided the Sterling board of directors with a revised version of its September 11, 2013 presentation in support of its opinion, which reflected certain corrected information that did not materially impact the projected results of the pro forma combined entity and did not affect Sandler O'Neill's opinion.

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        Sandler O'Neill acted as the financial advisor to Sterling's board of directors in connection with the merger and will receive a fee of 0.30% of the aggregate consideration payable in the merger (which consideration will be calculated in part based on the price of Umpqua stock prior to closing; and which fee would be approximately $6.4 million if the merger had closed on January 17, 2014, the last practicable date before the date of this document on which the Umpqua stock price was available), of which $1 million was received upon execution of the definitive merger agreement and the remainder is contingent on the consummation of the merger. Sterling has also agreed to reimburse Sandler O'Neill's reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with its engagement and to indemnify Sandler O'Neill and its affiliates and their respective partners, directors, officers, employee and agents against certain expenses and liabilities, including liabilities under the securities laws.

        In the ordinary course of its respective broker and dealer businesses, Sandler O'Neill may purchase securities from and sell securities to Sterling and Umpqua and their respective affiliates. Sandler O'Neill may also actively trade the debt and/or equity securities of Sterling or Umpqua or their respective affiliates for their own accounts and for the accounts of their customers and, accordingly may at any time hold a long or short position in such securities. Sandler O'Neill has provided investment banking services to, and received fees for such services from, Sterling, most recently, in connection with Sterling's private placement of common and preferred shares in 2010. In 2012, Sandler O'Neill received $717,330 from the U.S. Treasury for Sandler O'Neill's role as joint book running manager in connection with the sale of Sterling common stock. In addition, in 2011 and 2012 Sandler O'Neill or its affiliates received an aggregate of approximately $220,000 in connection with the provision of certain other investment banking services to Sterling. After the execution of the merger agreement, Sandler O'Neill was engaged by Umpqua, with the express consent of Sterling, to sell certain branches of the combined entity subsequent to the merger and will be paid customary fees for such engagement. If a sale occurs Sandler O'Neill estimates it will receive fees of approximately $150,000 from Umpqua for its engagement to sell these branches. In the two years prior to the execution of the merger agreement, Sandler O'Neill has not provided investment banking services to, or received fees for such services from, Umpqua.


Umpqua's Reasons for the Merger; Recommendation of Umpqua's Board of Directors

        After careful consideration, Umpqua's board of directors, at a meeting held on September 10, 2013, unanimously determined that the merger agreement is in the best interests of Umpqua and its shareholders. Accordingly, Umpqua's board of directors adopted the merger agreement and unanimously recommends that Umpqua shareholders vote "FOR" the Umpqua merger proposal, "FOR" the articles amendment proposal and "FOR" the Umpqua adjournment proposal, if necessary or appropriate.

        In reaching its decision to adopt the merger agreement, the merger and the other transactions contemplated by the merger agreement, and to recommend that its shareholders approve the merger agreement, the Umpqua board of directors consulted with Umpqua management, as well as its financial and legal advisors, and considered a number of factors, including the following material factors:

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        The foregoing discussion of the factors considered by the Umpqua board of directors is not intended to be exhaustive, but, rather, includes the material factors considered by the Umpqua board of directors. In reaching its decision to approve and adopt the merger agreement, the merger and the other transactions contemplated by the merger agreement, the Umpqua board of directors did not quantify or assign any relative weights to the factors considered, and individual directors may have given different weights to different factors. The Umpqua board of directors considered all these factors as a whole, including discussions with, and questioning of, Umpqua's management and Umpqua's financial and legal advisors, and overall considered the factors to be favorable to, and to support, its determination.


Opinion of J.P. Morgan

        Pursuant to an engagement letter dated March 25, 2013, Umpqua retained J.P. Morgan as its financial advisor in connection with its consideration of the merger. At the meeting of the Umpqua board of directors on September 10, 2013, J.P. Morgan rendered its oral opinion to the Umpqua board of directors (which was subsequently confirmed in writing by delivery of J.P. Morgan's written opinion dated the same date) that, as of such date and based upon and subject to the various factors, assumptions and limitations set forth in such opinion, the merger consideration to be paid by Umpqua

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in connection with the merger was fair, from a financial point of view, to Umpqua. J.P. Morgan's written opinion, dated September 10, 2013, is sometimes referred to herein as the "J.P. Morgan opinion."

        The full text of the J.P. Morgan opinion, which sets forth, among other things, the assumptions made, procedures followed, matters considered and limitations on the review undertaken by J.P. Morgan in rendering its opinion, is attached as Annex E to this joint proxy statement/prospectus and is incorporated herein by reference. The summary of the J.P. Morgan opinion set forth in this document is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the opinion. Umpqua shareholders should read this opinion carefully and in its entirety.

        The J.P. Morgan opinion is addressed to the Umpqua board of directors, is addressed only to the merger consideration to be paid by Umpqua in connection with the merger and does not address any other matters. The J.P. Morgan opinion does not constitute a recommendation to any Umpqua shareholder as to how such shareholder should vote with respect to the merger or with respect to any other matter. The issuance of the J.P. Morgan opinion was approved by a fairness opinion committee of J.P. Morgan.

        In connection with preparing its opinion, J.P. Morgan, among other things:

        In addition, J.P. Morgan held discussions with certain members of the management of Umpqua and Sterling with respect to certain aspects of the merger, the past and current business operations of Umpqua and Sterling, the financial condition and future prospects and operations of Umpqua and Sterling, the effects of the merger on the financial condition and future prospects of Umpqua, and certain other matters J.P. Morgan believed necessary or appropriate to its inquiry.

        In giving its opinion, J.P. Morgan relied upon and assumed the accuracy and completeness of all information that was publicly available or was furnished to or discussed with J.P. Morgan by Umpqua and Sterling or otherwise reviewed by or for J.P. Morgan, and J.P. Morgan did not independently verify (nor did it assume responsibility or liability for independently verifying) any such information or its accuracy or completeness. J.P. Morgan did not conduct and was not provided with any valuation or appraisal of any assets or liabilities, nor did J.P. Morgan conduct any review of individual credit files of Umpqua or Sterling, evaluate the adequacy of the loan or lease loss reserves of Umpqua or Sterling or evaluate the solvency of Umpqua or Sterling under any state or federal laws relating to bankruptcy, insolvency or similar matters. J.P. Morgan is not an expert in the evaluation of loan and lease portfolios for purposes of assessing the adequacy of the allowances for losses with respect thereto and,

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accordingly, J.P. Morgan did not make an independent evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance for loan and lease losses of Umpqua or Sterling. J.P. Morgan assumed, with the consent of the Umpqua board of directors, that Umpqua's and Sterling's respective allowances for loan and lease losses were adequate to cover such losses and would be adequate on a pro forma basis for the combined entity. In relying on financial analyses and forecasts provided to J.P. Morgan or derived therefrom, including the synergies referred to above, J.P. Morgan assumed that they were reasonably prepared based on assumptions reflecting the best then available estimates and judgments by management as to the expected future results of operations and financial condition of Umpqua and Sterling to which such analyses or forecasts relate. J.P. Morgan expressed no view as to such analyses or forecasts (including the synergies referred to above) or the assumptions on which they were based. J.P. Morgan also assumed that the merger and the other transactions contemplated by the merger agreement will qualify as a tax-free reorganization for United States federal income tax purposes, and will be consummated as described in the merger agreement, and that the definitive merger agreement would not differ in any material respects from the draft thereof furnished to J.P. Morgan. J.P. Morgan also assumed that the representations and warranties made by Umpqua and Sterling in the merger agreement and any related agreements are and will be true and correct in all respects material to J.P. Morgan's analysis. J.P. Morgan is not a legal, regulatory or tax expert and relied on the assessments made by advisors to Umpqua with respect to such issues. J.P. Morgan further assumed that all material governmental, regulatory or other consents and approvals necessary for the consummation of the merger will be obtained without any adverse effect on Umpqua or Sterling or on the contemplated benefits of the merger.

        The J.P. Morgan opinion is necessarily based on economic, market and other conditions as in effect on, and the information made available to J.P. Morgan as of, the date of the J.P. Morgan opinion. It should be understood that subsequent developments may affect the J.P. Morgan opinion, and that J.P. Morgan does not have any obligation to update, revise or reaffirm the J.P. Morgan opinion. The J.P. Morgan opinion is limited to the fairness, from a financial point of view, of the merger consideration to be paid by Umpqua in the proposed merger, and J.P. Morgan has expressed no opinion as to the fairness of the Consideration to the holders of any class of securities, creditors or other constituencies of Umpqua or as to the underlying decision by Umpqua to engage in the merger. Furthermore, J.P. Morgan has expressed no opinion with respect to the amount or nature of any compensation to any officers, directors, or employees of any party to the merger, or any class of such persons relative to the merger consideration to be paid by Umpqua in the merger or with respect to the fairness of any such compensation. J.P. Morgan has expressed no opinion as to the price at which the Umpqua common stock or the Sterling common stock will trade at any future time.

        In accordance with customary investment banking practice, J.P. Morgan employed generally accepted valuation methods in reaching its opinion. The following is a summary of the material financial analyses undertaken by J.P. Morgan in connection with rendering the J.P. Morgan opinion. The following summary, however, does not purport to be a complete description of the financial analysis performed by J.P. Morgan. Some of the summaries of the financial analyses include information presented in tabular format. The tables are not intended to stand alone, and in order to more fully understand the financial analyses used by J.P. Morgan, the tables must be read together with the full text of each summary. Considering the data set forth herein without considering the full narrative description of the financial analyses, including the methodologies and assumptions underlying the analyses, could create a misleading or incomplete view of J.P. Morgan's financial analyses.

        The merger consideration was determined through negotiations between Umpqua and Sterling and was approved by Umpqua's board of directors. Although J.P. Morgan provided advice to Umpqua during these negotiations, J.P. Morgan did not recommend that any specific form, mix, or amount of consideration constituted the only appropriate consideration for the merger.

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        The projections furnished to J.P. Morgan for Umpqua and Sterling were prepared by or at the direction of the management of Umpqua. These forecasts were based on numerous variables and assumptions that are inherently uncertain and may be beyond the control of management, including, without limitation, factors related to general economic and competitive conditions and prevailing interest rates. Accordingly, actual results could vary significantly from those set forth in such forecasts.

        In order to provide a view of Sterling's market price without the impact of rumors of a potential sale transaction, throughout its analysis, J.P. Morgan used stock price information for Sterling common stock as of market close on August 30, 2013, which was the last trading day prior to published press rumors regarding a potential sale transaction. The closing price of $24.20 of Sterling's common stock on August 30, 2013 is referred to as the "unaffected market price."

        As indicated below, certain material financial analyses are presented on an equity value per share basis. In arriving at equity value per share for Umpqua and Sterling, share count in all cases is based on fully diluted shares outstanding as of June 30, 2013 of approximately 112.0 million and 64.4 million, for Umpqua and Sterling, respectively.

        Using publicly available information, J.P. Morgan compared selected financial and market data of Sterling with similar data for the following companies:

        In all instances, multiples were based on closing stock prices on September 6, 2013 (except for Sterling, for which stock price was based on the unaffected market price). For each of the following analyses performed by J.P. Morgan, financial and market data for the selected companies were based on the selected companies' public filings with the SEC and information J.P. Morgan obtained from SNL Financial and FactSet Research Systems, and earnings per share estimates were based on I/B/E/S consensus estimates (which, in the case of Umpqua, Umpqua management reviewed and concluded were reasonable). The multiples and ratios for each of the selected companies were based on the most recent publicly available information and were pro forma for pending acquisitions.

        With respect to the selected companies, the information J.P. Morgan presented included:

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        Results of the analysis were presented for the selected companies, including the results indicated in the following table:

 
  Selected
Companies
Median
  Sterling  

Price / 2014 EPS

    14.9x     15.3x  

Price / TBV

    2.0x     1.3x  

        Based on the above analysis, J.P. Morgan then applied a multiple reference range of 14.0x to 17.0x for Price / 2014 EPS and 1.1x to 1.6x for Price / TBVPS. To arrive at the Price / TBVPS multiple reference range, J.P. Morgan regressed 2014 estimated Return on Average Tangible Common Equity ("ROATCE") on Price / TBVPS for the above selected companies, then applied a 7.9% to 9.9% 2014 estimated ROATCE range to the resultant regression equation. The analysis indicated the following equity values per share of Sterling common stock, as compared to the total consideration of $29.40 per share of Sterling common stock (based on Sterling's unaffected market price, the "Consideration Value"), which was calculated assuming equivalent consideration (an exchange ratio of 1.671 shares of Umpqua common stock and $2.18 per share of Sterling common stock) and a closing stock price of Umpqua common stock of $16.29 on September 6, 2013:

 
  Equity Value
Per Share

Price / 2014 EPS

  $22.09 - $26.83

Price / TBVPS

  $20.08 - $29.21

        Using publicly available information, J.P. Morgan reviewed merger transactions involving publicly-traded bank holding companies and/or savings and loan holding companies which were announced between August 2010 and September 2013. Based on that review, J.P. Morgan selected the following transactions:

Date Announced
  Acquiror   Target
July 22, 2013   PacWest Bancorp   CapitalSource Inc.
July 15, 2013   MB Financial, Inc   Taylor Capital Group, Inc.
May 24, 2013   Banco de Credito e Inversiones SA   CM Florida Holdings, Inc.
September 26, 2012   Columbia Banking System Inc.   West Coast Bancorp
September 13, 2012   FirstMerit Corporation   Citizens Republic Bancorp, Inc.
May 9, 2012   Hilltop Holdings Inc.   PlainsCapital Corporation
March 9, 2012   Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group, Inc.   Pacific Capital Bancorp
February 27, 2012   Prosperity Bancshares, Inc.   American State Financial Corporation
January 18, 2011   Comerica Incorporated   Sterling Bancshares, Inc.
December 22, 2010   Hancock Holding Company   Whitney Holding Corporation
August 19, 2010   First Niagara Financial Group, Inc.   New Alliance Bancshares, Inc.

        For each of the selected transactions, J.P. Morgan calculated and compared the market value of the per share consideration, as of the relevant announcement date, to the total book value of the target company as of the most recent quarter prior to the relevant announcement date (Price / TBVPS). This analysis indicated the following:

 
  Selected Transaction
Multiple Median
 

Price / TBVPS

    1.7x  

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        Based on the above analysis, J.P. Morgan then applied a multiple reference range of 1.6x to 2.0x for Price / TBVPS. The analysis indicated the following equity values per share of Sterling common stock, as compared to the Consideration Value of $29.40 per share of Sterling common stock.

 
  Equity Value
Per Share

Price / TBVPS

  $29.21 - $36.51

        J.P. Morgan conducted a dividend discount analysis for the purpose of determining a range of implied equity values per share for Sterling common stock. A dividend discount analysis is a method of evaluating the equity value of a company using estimates of future dividends to shareholders generated by Sterling and taking into consideration the time value of money with respect to those future dividends by calculating their present value. In performing its analysis, J.P. Morgan utilized, among others, the following assumptions, which were reviewed and approved by Umpqua management:

        These calculations resulted in a range of implied values of $21.89 to $28.25 per share of Sterling common stock, as compared to the Consideration Value of $29.40 per share of Sterling common stock, as illustrated by the following table:

 
  Terminal Multiple  
Discount Rate
  12.0x   13.0x   14.0x  

9.0%

  $ 25.51   $ 26.88   $ 28.25  

10.0%

  $ 23.61   $ 24.86   $ 26.11  

11.0%

  $ 21.89   $ 23.03   $ 24.17  

        J.P. Morgan also conducted a separate dividend discount analysis assuming, based on management's estimates, that the Merger would generate 30% cost savings on core cash net interest expenses of $288.4 million with a restructuring charge of $80 million. Based on this assumption and the other assumptions noted above, J.P. Morgan conducted a dividend discount analysis which resulted in a range of implied values of between $27.96 to $35.78 per share of Sterling common stock, as compared to the Consideration Value of $29.40 per share of Sterling common stock.

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        Using publicly available information, J.P. Morgan compared selected financial and market data of Umpqua with similar data for the following companies:

        In all instances (other than for Sterling, for which unaffected market price was used), multiples were based on closing stock prices on September 6, 2013. For each of the following analyses performed by J.P. Morgan, financial and market data for the selected companies were based on the selected companies' public filings with the SEC and information J.P. Morgan obtained from SNL Financial and FactSet Research Systems, and earnings per share estimates were based on I/B/E/S consensus estimates (which, in the case of Sterling, Umpqua management reviewed and concluded were reasonable). The multiples and ratios for each of the selected companies were based on the most recent publicly available information and were pro forma for pending acquisitions.

        With respect to the selected companies, the information J.P. Morgan presented included:

        Results of the analysis were presented for the selected companies, as indicated in the following table:

 
  Selected
Companies
Median
  Umpqua  

Price / 2014 EPS

    14.9x     15.1x  

Price / TBVPS

    2.0x     1.9x  

        Based on the above analysis, J.P. Morgan then applied a multiple reference range of 14.0x to 17.0x for Price / 2014 EPS and 1.9x to 2.4x for Price / TBVPS. To arrive at the Price / TBVPS multiple reference range, J.P. Morgan regressed 2014 estimated ROATCE on Price / TBVPS for the above selected companies, then applied an 11.3% to 13.3% 2014 estimated ROATCE range to the resultant regression equation. The analysis indicated the following equity values per share of Umpqua common stock, as compared to the closing price of Umpqua common stock of $16.29 on September 6, 2013:

 
  Equity Value
Per Share

Price / 2014 EPS

  $15.09 - $18.33

Price / TBVPS

  $15.92 - $20.11

        J.P. Morgan calculated a range of implied values for Umpqua common stock by discounting to present values estimates of Umpqua's future dividend stream and terminal value. In performing its

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analysis, J.P. Morgan utilized, among others, the following assumptions, which were reviewed and approved by Umpqua management:

        These calculations resulted in a range of implied values of $14.69 to $19.22 per share of Umpqua common stock, as compared to the closing price of Umpqua common stock of $16.29 on September 6, 2013, as illustrated by the following table:

 
  Terminal Multiple  
Discount Rate
  12.0x   13.0x   14.0x  

9.0%

  $ 17.27   $ 18.25   $ 19.22  

10.0%

  $ 15.92   $ 16.81   $ 17.69  

11.0%

  $ 14.69   $ 15.50   $ 16.31  

        Based upon the implied valuations for each of Umpqua and Sterling calculated pursuant to the trading multiples analyses and standalone dividend discount analyses described above under "Sterling Public Trading Multiples Analysis", "Sterling Dividend Discount Analysis", "Umpqua Public Trading Multiples Analysis" and "Umpqua Dividend Discount Analysis", J.P. Morgan calculated a range of implied exchange ratios of a share of Sterling common stock to a share of Umpqua common stock, and then compared that range of implied exchange ratios to the equivalent implied exchange ratio based on the Consideration (a 1.805 exchange ratio derived by adding the stated exchange ratio of 1.671 shares of Umpqua common stock to the implied number of Umpqua shares represented by the $2.18 cash consideration per share of Sterling common stock, based on Umpqua's closing stock price on September 6, 2013).

        For each of the analyses referred to above, J.P. Morgan calculated the ratio implied by dividing the low end of each implied equity value of Sterling by the high end of each implied equity value of Umpqua. J.P. Morgan also calculated the ratio implied by dividing the high end of each implied equity value of Sterling by the low end of each implied equity value of Umpqua. As noted above, for purposes of this analysis, J.P. Morgan assumed, in each case, that 100% of the merger consideration would be stock consideration.

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        This analysis indicated the following implied exchange ratios, compared in each case to the equivalent implied exchange ratio in the merger of 1.805 shares of Umpqua common stock per share of Sterling common stock:

Comparison
  Range of Implied
Exchange Ratios
 

Public Trading Multiples Analysis

       

Price / 2014 EPS

    1.206 - 1.778  

Price / TBV

    0.999 - 1.835  

Standalone Dividend Discount Analysis

    1.139 - 1.923  

"Synergized" Dividend Discount Analysis

    1.454 - 2.435  

        J.P. Morgan prepared a value creation analysis that compared the equity value of Umpqua (based on the dividend discount analysis) to the pro forma combined company equity value. J.P. Morgan determined the pro forma combined company equity value by calculating (x) the sum of (i) the equity value of Sterling using the midpoint value determined in J.P. Morgan's dividend discount analysis described above in "Sterling Dividend Discount Analysis", (ii) the equity value of Umpqua using the midpoint value determined in J.P. Morgan's dividend discount analysis described above in "Umpqua Dividend Discount Analysis" and (iii) the estimated present value of expense synergies, net of restructuring charges, as estimated by Umpqua management, less (y) the cash consideration to be received by the holders of Sterling common stock in the merger. The value creation analysis at the equivalent exchange ratio of 1.671 provided for in the merger indicated that the merger would create value for the holders of Umpqua common stock as compared to the standalone equity value of Umpqua. There can be no assurance, however, that the synergies and transaction-related expenses will not be substantially greater or less than those estimated by Umpqua management and described above.

        The foregoing summary of certain material financial analyses does not purport to be a complete description of the analyses or data presented by J.P. Morgan. The preparation of a fairness opinion is a complex process and is not necessarily susceptible to partial analysis or summary description. J.P. Morgan believes that the foregoing summary and its analyses must be considered as a whole and that selecting portions of the foregoing summary and these analyses, without considering all of its analyses as a whole, could create an incomplete view of the processes underlying the analyses and its opinion. In arriving at its opinion, J.P. Morgan did not attribute any particular weight to any analyses or factors considered by it and did not form an opinion as to whether any individual analysis or factor (positive or negative), considered in isolation, supported or failed to support its opinion. Rather, J.P. Morgan considered the totality of the factors and analyses performed in determining its opinion. Analyses based upon forecasts of future results are inherently uncertain, as they are subject to numerous factors or events beyond the control of the parties and their advisors. Accordingly, forecasts and analyses used or made by J.P. Morgan are not necessarily indicative of actual future results, which may be significantly more or less favorable than suggested by those analyses. Moreover, J.P. Morgan's analyses are not and do not purport to be appraisals or otherwise reflective of the prices at which businesses actually could be bought or sold. None of the selected companies reviewed is identical to Umpqua or Sterling, and none of the selected transactions reviewed was identical to the merger. However, the companies selected were chosen because they are publicly traded companies with operations and businesses that, for purposes of J.P. Morgan's analysis, may be considered similar to those of Umpqua or Sterling, as applicable. The transactions selected were similarly chosen because their participants, size and other factors, for purposes of J.P. Morgan's analysis, may be considered similar to the merger. The analyses necessarily involve complex considerations and judgments

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concerning differences in financial and operational characteristics of the companies involved and other factors that could affect the companies compared to Umpqua or Sterling, as applicable.

        The opinion of J.P. Morgan was one of the many factors taken into consideration by Umpqua's board of directors in making its determination to approve the merger. The analyses of J.P. Morgan as summarized above should not be viewed as determinative of the opinion of the Umpqua board of directors with respect to the value of Sterling, or of whether the Umpqua board of directors would have been willing to agree to different or other forms of consideration.

        As a part of its investment banking business, J.P. Morgan and its affiliates are continually engaged in the valuation of businesses and their securities in connection with mergers and acquisitions, investments for passive and control purposes, negotiated underwritings, competitive biddings, secondary distributions of listed and unlisted securities, private placements and valuations for estate, corporate and other purposes. J.P. Morgan was selected to advise Umpqua with respect to the merger on the basis of such experience and its familiarity with Umpqua.

        For financial advisory services rendered in connection with the merger, Umpqua has agreed to pay J.P. Morgan a fee of $11,300,000, $9,300,000 of which is payable only if the merger is consummated. In addition, Umpqua has agreed to reimburse J.P. Morgan for certain expenses incurred in connection with its services, including the fees and disbursements of counsel, and will indemnify J.P. Morgan for certain liabilities, including liabilities arising under the federal securities laws.

        During the two years preceding the date of the J.P. Morgan opinion, J.P. Morgan and its affiliates have had commercial or investment banking relationships with Umpqua, for which it has received no compensation, and Warburg Pincus, which, through an affiliated fund (Warburg Pincus Private Equity X, L.P.), is one of the major shareholders of Sterling, for which J.P. Morgan and its affiliates have received customary compensation. Such services during such period have included acting as M&A financial advisor to Umpqua in connection with its acquisition of Financial Pacific Leasing, Inc. in July 2013; as lead left bookrunner for Warburg Pincus in connection with the 12.5 million share sell-down of Laredo Petroleum Holdings, Inc. in October 2012; and as agent and joint lead arranger on a $845 million credit facility of Warburg Pincus Private Equity IX, L.P. Moreover, during this two-year period J.P. Morgan and its affiliates have had commercial and/or investment banking relationships with portfolio companies of certain of the major shareholders of Sterling, namely Warburg Pincus and THL, which portfolio companies are not otherwise related to Sterling, for which J.P. Morgan and its affiliates have received customary compensation. Such relationships have included acting as lead bookrunner, as joint bookrunner, as passive joint bookrunner, as agent and as arranger for such portfolio companies. In addition, J.P. Morgan's commercial banking affiliate is an agent bank and a lender under outstanding credit facilities of such portfolio companies, for which it receives customary compensation or other financial benefits. During the two years preceding the date of the J.P. Morgan opinion, neither J.P. Morgan nor its affiliates have had any material commercial or investment banking relationships with Sterling. In the ordinary course of their businesses, J.P. Morgan and its affiliates may actively trade the debt and equity securities of Umpqua or Sterling for their own accounts or for the accounts of customers and, accordingly, they may at any time hold long or short positions in such securities.


Certain Unaudited Prospective Financial Information

        Sterling and Umpqua do not as a matter of course publicly disclose forecasts or internal projections as to future performance, revenues, earnings, financial condition or other results due to, among other reasons, the uncertainty of the underlying assumptions and estimates. However, in connection with the negotiation and review of the merger agreement, Sterling's management prepared a forecast for Sterling's 2013 earnings and Umpqua's management prepared a forecast for Umpqua's 2013 earnings (which we refer to as the "Sterling 2013 earnings forecast" and the "Umpqua 2013

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earnings forecast," respectively), each of which contain unaudited prospective financial information on a standalone, pre-merger basis. Sterling believes that the assumptions that its management used as a basis for the Sterling 2013 earnings forecast were reasonable at the time management prepared the applicable forecasts, taking into account the relevant information available to management at the time. Umpqua believes that the assumptions that its management used as a basis for the Umpqua 2013 earnings forecast were reasonable at the time management prepared the applicable forecasts, taking into account the relevant information available to management at the time. Each of the Sterling 2013 earnings forecast and the Umpqua 2013 earnings forecast was made available to Umpqua's financial advisor, J.P. Morgan, and Sterling's financial advisor, Sandler O'Neill. The Umpqua 2013 earnings forecast consisted of Umpqua management's judgment, which was generally consistent with median analyst estimates, that Umpqua would generate between $0.93 and $0.95 of operating earnings per share on a standalone basis. The Sterling 2013 earnings forecast consisted of Sterling management's judgment, which was generally consistent with median analyst estimates, that Sterling would generate $100 million of net income on a standalone basis. The Sterling 2013 earnings forecast and the Umpqua 2013 earnings forecast were not prepared with a view toward public disclosure and the inclusion of the Sterling 2013 earnings forecast and the Umpqua 2013 earnings forecast in this joint proxy statement/prospectus should not be regarded as an indication that Sterling, Umpqua or any other recipient of the Sterling 2013 earnings forecast or Umpqua 2013 earnings forecast considered, or now considers, them to be necessarily predictive of actual future results. None of Sterling, Umpqua, their advisors nor any of their respective affiliates assumes any responsibility for the accuracy of the Sterling 2013 earnings forecast or the Umpqua 2013 earnings forecast. The Sterling 2013 earnings forecast and the Umpqua 2013 earnings forecast were not prepared with a view toward complying with the guidelines of the SEC or the guidelines established by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants for preparation or presentation of financial information. None of Sterling's current independent registered public accounting firm, KPMG LLP, Umpqua's current independent registered public accounting firm, Moss Adams LLP, Financial Pacific Holdings, LLC's independent auditors, Deloitte & Touche LLP, nor any other independent accountants, has compiled, examined or performed any procedures with respect to the forecasts included below, expressed any opinion or any other form of assurance on, or assumed any responsibility for, such information or its achievability, and each of the foregoing named independent registered public accounting firms disclaims any association with such information.

        The Sterling 2013 earnings forecast and the Umpqua 2013 earnings forecast reflect numerous estimates and assumptions made by Sterling and Umpqua, respectively, with respect to industry performance, general business, economic, regulatory, market and financial conditions and other future events, as well as matters specific to Sterling's and Umpqua's respective businesses, all of which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond Sterling's and Umpqua's respective control. The Sterling 2013 earnings forecast and the Umpqua 2013 earnings forecast also reflect assumptions as to certain business decisions that are subject to change. The Sterling 2013 earnings forecast and the Umpqua 2013 earnings forecast reflect subjective judgments in many respects and thus are susceptible to multiple interpretations and periodic revisions based on actual experience and business developments. As such, the Sterling 2013 earnings forecast and the Umpqua 2013 earnings forecast constitute forward-looking information and are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results forecasted in such prospective information, including, but not limited to, Sterling's and Umpqua's performance, industry performance, general business and economic conditions, customer requirements, competition, adverse changes in applicable laws, regulations or rules, and the various risks set forth in the section entitled "Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements." None of Sterling, Umpqua nor any of their financial advisors nor any of their affiliates intends to, and each of them disclaims any obligation to, update, revise or correct the Sterling 2013 earnings forecast or the Umpqua 2013 earnings forecast if they are or become inaccurate (even in the short term). The inclusion of the Sterling 2013 earnings forecast and the Umpqua 2013 earnings forecast herein should not be deemed an admission or representation by Sterling or Umpqua that they are viewed by Sterling or Umpqua as material information of Sterling or

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Umpqua, respectively, particularly in light of the inherent risks and uncertainties associated with such forecasts.


Board of Directors and Management of Umpqua after the Merger

        At the effective time of the merger, the number of directors on the board of directors of the combined company will be 13, of which one will be Raymond P. Davis, the current President and Chief Executive Officer of Umpqua, eight will be existing members of Umpqua's board of directors who will be independent from the combined company under the listing rules of the NASDAQ, up to two will be directors designated pursuant to the investor letter agreements, and four less the number of directors either (1) designated pursuant to the investor letter agreements or (2) if not so designated, retained as a contractual right to be designated under the investor letter agreements and not irrevocably and permanently waived prior to the effective time of the merger, will be chosen by Sterling's existing board of directors from a list that was mutually agreed upon by Umpqua and Sterling prior to the entry into the merger agreement. The members of the Sterling board of directors on the list are Robert C. Donegan, Maria M. Pope, C. Webb Edwards, Ellen R. M. Boyer, Robert H. Hartheimer and Michael F. Reuling, although Umpqua and Sterling are permitted to add names to the list by mutual consent at any time prior to the merger. Umpqua has also agreed to nominate for reelection each of the directors chosen by Sterling's existing board at each Umpqua annual shareholder meeting held before Umpqua's 2016 annual shareholder meeting. The chairperson of the board of directors of the combined company will be the existing chairperson of the board of directors of Umpqua.

        Also at the effective time, Mr. Davis will serve as Chief Executive Officer of the combined company and J. Gregory Seibly, the current President and Chief Executive Officer of Sterling, and Cort L. O'Haver, the current Senior Executive Vice President of Umpqua and Umpqua Bank, will each serve as a Senior Executive Vice President of Umpqua and a Co-President of Umpqua Bank.


Interests of Sterling's Directors and Executive Officers in the Merger

        Sterling shareholders should be aware that some of Sterling's directors and executive officers have interests in the merger and have arrangements that are different from, or in addition to, those of Sterling shareholders generally. Sterling's board of directors was aware of these interests and considered these interests, among other matters, when making its decision to adopt the merger agreement, and in recommending that Sterling shareholders vote in favor of approving the merger agreement.

Equity Interests of Directors and Executive Officers

Stock Options

        At the effective time of the merger, each option to purchase shares of Sterling common stock outstanding immediately prior to the effective time (except for certain options with an exercise price significantly in excess of the value of the merger consideration, which Sterling will use commercially reasonable efforts to cancel prior to the effective time) will be converted into an option to purchase Umpqua common stock on the same terms and conditions as were applicable prior to the merger, except that (1) the number of shares of Umpqua common stock subject to the new option will be equal to the product of the number of shares of Sterling common stock subject to the existing Sterling stock option and the equity exchange ratio (rounding fractional shares down to the nearest whole share), and (2) the exercise price per share of Umpqua common stock under the new option will be equal to the exercise price per share of the existing Sterling stock option divided by the equity exchange ratio (rounded up to the nearest whole cent). If a Sterling executive officer is terminated without cause or voluntarily resigns for good reason (as defined in the applicable equity plans) or a director's status as a director of Sterling or a successor corporation is terminated other than upon a voluntary resignation (including by failure to serve on the Umpqua board of directors), in each case within one year following the merger, each converted option (other than a converted option in respect of a new stock option granted prior to the effective time of the merger, as described below) held by the executive officer or director will become fully vested.

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Restricted Stock Units

        At the effective time of the merger, each restricted stock unit with respect to Sterling common stock outstanding immediately prior to the effective time will be converted into a restricted stock unit with respect to a number of shares of Umpqua common stock equal to the product of the number of shares of Sterling common stock subject to the Sterling restricted stock unit and the equity exchange ratio, on the same terms and conditions as were applicable prior to the merger. If a Sterling executive officer is terminated without cause or voluntarily resigns for good reason (as defined in the applicable equity plans) or a director's status as a director of Sterling or a successor corporation is terminated other than upon a voluntary resignation (including by failure to serve on the Umpqua board of directors), in each case within one year following the merger, each converted restricted stock unit (other than a converted restricted stock unit in respect of a new restricted stock unit granted prior to the effective time of the merger, as described below) held by the executive officer or director will become fully vested.

        The following table sets forth the number of Sterling stock options and restricted stock units held by each director and executive officer of Sterling as of December 2, 2013. The following table assumes that Sterling's directors and executive officers will not sell or acquire any shares of Sterling common stock or equity awards following the date of this proxy statement.

 
  Stock Options(1)    
 
 
  Restricted
Stock Units
 
Name
  Vested   Unvested  

J. Gregory Seibly

    0     19,702 (2)   53,298 (7)

Patrick J. Rusnak

    0     7,005 (2)   21,414 (8)

Ezra A. Eckhardt

    0     8,231 (2)   27,387 (9)

David S. DePillo

    0     8,406 (2)   46,642 (10)

Andrew J. Schultheis

    0     6,304 (2)   11,713 (11)

Steven D. Hauschild

    61 (3)   5,464 (2)   14,964 (12)

Robert G. Butterfield

    76 (3)   0     6,878 (13)

Howard P. Behar

    0     2,626 (4)   1,608 (14)

Leslie S. Biller

    70,522 (5)   70,522 (5)   0  

David A. Coulter

    0     2,626 (4)   1,608 (14)

William L. Eisenhart

    0     2,626 (4)   1,608 (14)

Michael F. Reuling

    0     2,626 (4)   1,608 (14)

Joshua D. Bresler

    0     2,026 (6)   1,303 (14)

Paula E. Boggs

    0     1,817 (6)   1,169 (14)

Ellen R.M. Boyer

    0     2,626 (4)   1,608 (14)

Robert C. Donegan

    0     2,626 (4)   1,608 (14)

C. Webb Edwards

    0     2,626 (4)   1,608 (14)

Robert H. Hartheimer

    0     2,626 (4)   1,608 (14)

Maria M. Pope

    0     1,817 (6)   1,169 (14)

(1)
Does not include certain options held by Messrs. Seibly, Hauschild, Butterfield, Eisenhart, Reuling and Donegan with exercise prices significantly in excess of the value of the merger consideration, which Sterling will use commercially reasonable efforts to cancel prior to the effective time of the merger.

(2)
Option exercise price equals $21.76. Options scheduled to vest in equal installments on 4/29/14 and each of the following three anniversaries thereof.

(3)
Option exercise price equals $122.10.

(4)
Option exercise price equals $21.76. Options scheduled to vest in full on 4/1/14.

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(5)
Option exercise price equals $21.47. Unvested options scheduled to vest in equal installments on 12/31/13, 6/30/14 and 12/31/14.

(6)
Option exercise price equals $26.04. Options scheduled to vest in full on 4/1/14.

(7)
4,546 RSUs scheduled to vest on 1/28/14; 21,054 RSUs scheduled to vest on 3/13/14; 7,018 RSUs scheduled to vest on 3/13/15; 5,170 RSUs scheduled to vest on 4/29/14 and each of the following three anniversaries thereof.

(8)
2,823 RSUs scheduled to vest on 2/16/14; 8,429 RSUs scheduled to vest on 3/13/14; 2,810 RSUs scheduled to vest on 3/13/15; 1,838 RSUs scheduled to vest on 4/29/14 and each of the following three anniversaries thereof.

(9)
3,762 RSUs scheduled to vest on 1/28/14; 11,240 RSUs scheduled to vest on 3/13/14; 3,746 RSUs scheduled to vest on 3/13/15; 2,159 RSUs scheduled to vest on 4/29/14 and each of the following three anniversaries thereof.

(10)
16,249 RSUs scheduled to vest 3/13/14; 21,569 RSUs scheduled to vest 3/13/15; 2,205 RSUs scheduled to vest on 4/29/14 and each of the following three anniversaries thereof.

(11)
1,387 RSUs scheduled to vest on 6/8/14; 1,236 RSUs scheduled to vest on 3/13/14 and each of the following two anniversaries thereof; 1,654 RSUs scheduled to vest on 4/29/14 and each of the following three anniversaries thereof.

(12)
4,233 RSUs scheduled to vest on 12/14/13; 3,747 RSUs scheduled to vest on 3/13/14; 1,249 RSUs scheduled to vest on 3/13/15; 1,433 RSUs scheduled to vest on 4/29/14 and each of the following three anniversaries thereof.

(13)
2,391 RSUs scheduled to vest on 12/14/13; 530 RSUs scheduled to vest on 3/13/14 and each of the following two anniversaries thereof; 723 RSUs scheduled to vest on 4/29/14 and each of the following three anniversaries thereof.

(14)
RSUs scheduled to vest in full on 4/1/14.

New Equity Awards

        Prior to the effective time of the merger, the compensation and governance committee of Sterling's board of directors may grant (1) up to $5.7 million of equity award compensation in the ordinary course of business, consistent with past practice, and (2) up to $2 million of equity award compensation on terms and conditions determined by Sterling's compensation and governance committee. A substantial portion of the $2 million equity pool may be granted to Sterling's named executive officers who will continue employment with Umpqua following the merger, with the balance granted to other key Sterling executives who will continue employment with Umpqua following the merger. It is expected that grants with respect to both the $5.7 million and the $2 million equity pools will be made by the Sterling compensation and governance committee prior to the consummation of the merger. The merger shall not be considered a change in control under the terms of new equity awards granted prior to the effective time of the merger.

Change in Control Severance Plan

        Mr. Rusnak, Sterling's Chief Financial Officer, and Mr. Butterfield, Sterling's Senior Vice President, Controller and Principal Accounting Officer, are eligible for certain payments and benefits under the Sterling Change in Control Plan. Although each other Sterling executive officer is currently a participant in the Sterling Change in Control Plan, new employment agreements entered into with Umpqua (as described below) will supersede the Sterling Change in Control Plan (and the benefits provided thereunder) for such executive officers. The Sterling Change in Control Plan provides for

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benefits if the executive officer's employment is involuntarily terminated by Sterling or if the executive officer is constructively discharged (generally, a decrease in total direct compensation at target (sum of base salary, target bonus and grant date value of long-term awards), a material diminution in authority, duties or responsibilities or relocation to an office more than 50 miles from current office location) within 24 months following a transaction such as the merger. Benefits under the Sterling Change in Control Plan are calculated based on (1) a multiple (24 months in the case of Mr. Rusnak and 18 months in the case of Mr. Butterfield) of monthly base compensation and target bonus, (2) the cost for a specified period (18 months for Mr. Rusnak and 18 months for Mr. Butterfield) of COBRA continuation coverage minus the then current employee portion of premiums for the same benefit, (3) a bonus payment for the year of termination prorated through the date of termination of employment and (4) outplacement services. The Sterling Change in Control Plan benefits are generally contingent on the executive officer's execution of a release of claims, protection of confidential information and compliance with non-competition and non-solicitation covenants with a duration equal to half of the monthly benefits multiple. Sterling Change in Control Plan payments are subject to forfeiture and clawback if the executive officer breaches the post-employment covenants as well as a voluntary cut back (at the election of the executive) to avoid the imposition of a golden parachute excise tax under Section 4999 of the Internal Revenue Code.

        The amounts of the payments that would have been payable to each of Messrs. Gregory J. Seibly, David S. DePillo, Ezra A. Eckhardt, Steven D. Hauschild and Andrew J. Schultheis under the Sterling Change in Control Plan (assuming the merger is consummated on March 31, 2014 and that each such executive officer's employment is terminated immediately thereafter on a basis entitling him to severance payments) had he not entered into a new employment agreement with Umpqua (superseding rights under the Sterling Change in Control Plan) are as follows: Seibly—$3,549,065; DePillo—$1,370,060; Eckhardt—$2,227,508; Hauschild—$883,909; and Schultheis—$965,508.

New Employment Agreements

        In connection with the execution of the merger agreement, Umpqua entered into employment agreements with five executive officers of Sterling: Messrs. Seibly, DePillo, Eckhardt, Hauschild and Schultheis. As described below, these agreements set forth the terms and conditions of each such individual's employment relationship with Umpqua following the effective time of the merger and will be effective upon and subject to the completion of the merger. When effective, the agreements with the Sterling individuals will also supersede and replace any prior employment, retention, pre-existing change of control or other similar agreement with such individuals, including the Sterling Change in Control Plan.

Employment Agreement with Mr. Seibly

        Mr. Seibly's employment agreement, which expires on the second anniversary of the effective date of the merger, provides that he will serve as Senior Executive Vice President of Umpqua and Co-President of Umpqua Bank. Under the employment agreement, Mr. Seibly will receive an annual base salary of $565,000 and be eligible for an annual target bonus of 85% of his annual base salary and be eligible to participate in Umpqua's employee benefit plans on the same basis as similarly situated employees of Umpqua.

        In settlement of Mr. Seibly's benefits under the Sterling Change in Control Plan, Mr. Seibly will be entitled to a cash payment within 10 days following the effective date of the merger of $2,129,439. In addition, upon the effective date of the merger, Mr. Seibly will receive a retention award of restricted Umpqua common stock with a grant date value of $1,419,626, which will vest, subject to Mr. Seibly's continued employment, upon the second anniversary of the effective date of the merger or upon any earlier termination of employment due to death, disability, termination without cause or termination for good reason (as such terms are defined in the employment agreement). Mr. Seibly is also eligible for a

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retention bonus of $452,000 if he remains employed through the second anniversary of the effective date of the merger.

        If Mr. Seibly's employment were terminated without cause or for good reason during the term of the employment agreement, subject to the execution of a release of claims, in addition to accelerated vesting of the retention award, he would be entitled to severance benefits in the form of continued base salary for a period equal to the greater of (1) nine months base salary and (2) two weeks base salary per year of service with Umpqua.

        Mr. Seibly's employment agreement contains a noncompetition covenant that ends on the later of (1) the second anniversary of the effective date of the merger and (2) the completion of the period during which severance benefits are payable (if any), covenants concerning nonsolicitation of customers and employees that end on the second anniversary of the effective date of the merger and a perpetual confidentiality covenant. The retention award is subject to a clawback if Mr. Seibly breaches the noncompetition covenant and Umpqua may cease payment of the severance benefits if Mr. Seibly breaches any of the restrictive covenants. In addition, if payments to Mr. Seibly under his employment agreement or otherwise would be subject to the golden parachute excise tax under Section 4999 of the Code, they will be reduced to the greatest amount that would not be subject to such taxes.

Employment Agreements with Other Executive Officers

        Each of the employment agreements with Messrs. DePillo, Eckhardt, Hauschild and Schultheis will expire on the second anniversary of the effective date of the merger and provides that the executive officer will serve as an Executive Vice President of Umpqua Bank. Under their employment agreements, Messrs. DePillo and Eckhardt will receive an annual base salary of $400,000 and be eligible for an annual target bonus of 60% of their annual base salary and Messrs. Hauschild and Schultheis will receive an annual base salary of $275,000 and be eligible for an annual target bonus of 50% of their annual base salary. In addition, each executive officer will be eligible to participate in Umpqua's employee benefit plans on the same basis as similarly situated employees of Umpqua.

        In settlement of the executive officers' benefits under the Sterling Change in Control Plan, they will be entitled to a cash payment within 10 days following the effective date of the merger in the following amounts: Mr. DePillo $822,036; Mr. Eckhardt $1,336,505; Mr. Hauschild $530,345; and Mr. Schultheis $579,305. In addition, upon the effective date of the merger, each executive officer will receive a retention award of restricted Umpqua common stock with a grant date value in the following amounts: Mr. DePillo $548,024; Mr. Eckhardt $891,003; Mr. Hauschild $353,564; and Mr. Schultheis $386,203. The retention award will vest, subject to the executive officer's continued employment, upon the second anniversary of the effective date of the merger or upon any earlier termination of employment due to death, disability, termination without cause or termination for good reason (as such terms are defined in the employment agreement). Mr. Eckhardt is also eligible for a retention bonus of $320,000 if he remains employed through the second anniversary of the effective date of the merger.

        The executive officers' employment agreement contains severance terms, a golden parachute excise tax cut back and restrictive covenants substantially comparable to those contained in Mr. Seibly's employment agreement, except the noncompetition covenant ends on the later of (1) the first anniversary of the effective date of the merger and (2) the completion of the period during which severance benefits are payable (if any).

Leslie S. Biller Letter Agreement dated January 25, 2013

        Sterling and Mr. Biller entered into a letter agreement (the "Biller Letter") dated January 25, 2013 that sets forth certain terms of Mr. Biller's service as chairman of the Sterling board of directors through December 31, 2014. The Biller Letter provides for a $150,000 annual retainer for service as chairman of the Sterling board of directors, a $10,000 retainer for service as chairman of the

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compensation and governance committee, and additional annual compensation of $1,000,000, payable 50% in cash and 50% in Sterling stock options (the cash portion is payable in quarterly installments beginning March 31, 2013; the stock options have been granted). In the event Mr. Biller ceases to serve on the Sterling board of directors, other than as a result of termination for cause (as defined in the Sterling Change in Control Plan) or voluntary resignation, all remaining payments provided under the Biller Letter become due and all stock options granted thereunder become vested and exercisable. If the merger were consummated on March 31, 2014 and Mr. Biller does not serve on the Umpqua board of directors following that date, the cash payment would equal $375,000 and the intrinsic value of the accelerated stock options would equal $515,516 (based on a price per share of Sterling common stock of $28.78, the average closing price of Sterling common stock on the five days following the announcement of the merger).

Service on the Umpqua Board of Directors

        The members of Sterling's board of directors who will serve on Umpqua's board of directors have not yet been determined by Sterling's board of directors. Such members will be selected from a list that was mutually agreed upon by Umpqua and Sterling prior to the entry into the merger agreement. Each of these directors will receive the compensation provided to Umpqua directors from time to time. Umpqua directors currently receive a quarterly retainer of $12,500 (which amount may be higher for a director who serves as the chair of the board or a committee), an annual grant of restricted stock awards with a value of approximately $15,000 (which vest on the first anniversary of the grant date, subject to continued service through such date) and a participation fees of $1,000 for each committee meeting attended. At least 70% of director compensation, excluding the restricted stock awards, is payable in Umpqua stock.

Failure to Serve on the Umpqua Board of Directors

        If members of Sterling's board of directors do not serve on Umpqua's board of directors following the merger, the vesting of restricted stock units and stock options held by such directors will accelerate. If none of the members of Sterling's board of directors serve on Umpqua's board of directors, the aggregate value of restricted stock units and the intrinsic value of stock options subject to accelerated vesting would equal $1,669,030 (based on a price per share of Sterling common stock of $28.78, the average closing price of Sterling common stock on the five days following the announcement of the merger).

Quantification of Potential Payments to Sterling's Named Executive Officers in Connection with the Merger

        This section sets forth the information required by Item 402(t) of Regulation S-K regarding the compensation that will or may become payable to Sterling's "named executive officers" (as defined under under SEC disclosure rules) that is based on or otherwise relates to the merger. The Sterling shareholders are being asked to approve, on a non-binding, advisory basis, such compensation for these executive officers (see "Advisory Vote on Named Executive Officer Merger-Related Compensation Arrangements" beginning on page 157). Because the vote to approve such compensation is advisory only, it will not be binding on either Umpqua or Sterling. Accordingly, if the merger is completed, the compensation will be paid (or payable) regardless of the outcome of the vote to approve such compensation, subject only to the conditions applicable thereto, which are described below.

        The amounts indicated below are estimates of amounts that would be payable if the merger were consummated on March 31, 2014 and assuming that the employment of the named executive officers were terminated immediately thereafter on a basis entitling them to severance payments. Some of these assumptions are based on information not currently available and, as a result, the actual amounts, if any, to be received by the named executive officers may differ in material respects from the amounts set forth below. See the footnotes to the table for additional information.

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Golden Parachute Compensation

Name
  Cash(1)   Equity(2)   Pension/
NQDC(3)
  Perquisites/
Benefits(4)
  Tax
Reimbursement(5)
  Other(6)   Total(7)  

J. Gregory J. Seibly

  $ 423,750   $ 2,355,082                     $ 2,129,439   $ 4,908,271  

Patrick J. Rusnak

  $ 1,171,875   $ 341,637         $ 33,008               $ 1,546,520  

Ezra A. Eckhardt

  $ 300,000   $ 1,305,225                     $ 1,336,505   $ 2,941,730  

David S. DePillo

  $ 300,000   $ 1,760,680                     $ 822,036   $ 2,882,716  

Andrew J. Schultheis

  $ 206,250   $ 731,956                     $ 579,305   $ 1,517,511  

(1)
As further described under "The Merger—Interests of Sterling's Directors and Executive Officers in the Merger—New Employment Agreements" beginning on page 104, in the event any of Messrs. Seibly, Eckhardt, DePillo or Schultheis were terminated without cause or resign for good reason following the merger and during the term of the employment agreements with Umpqua, subject to the execution of a release of claims and compliance with certain restrictive covenants, the executive officer would be entitled to severance benefits in the form of continued base salary for a period equal to the greater of (1) nine months base salary and (2) two weeks base salary per year of service with Umpqua. These payments would be made in equal installments over the number of months of continued base salary.

As further described under "The Merger—Interests of Sterling's Directors and Executive Officers in the Merger—Change in Control Severance Plan" beginning on page 103, if Mr. Rusnak is involuntarily terminated by Umpqua or if he were constructively discharged within 24 months following the merger, subject to the execution of a release of claims and compliance with certain restrictive covenants, he would receive 24 months of monthly base compensation and target bonus and a bonus payment for the year of termination prorated through the date of termination of employment. This payment would be made in a lump sum within 60 days following termination of employment.

(2)
Pursuant to the terms of Sterling's equity plans, Sterling stock options and restricted stock units held by the named executive officers that are converted in the merger into Umpqua stock options and restricted stock units (other than converted Umpqua stock options and restricted stock units in respect of new stock options and restricted stock units granted prior to the effective time of the merger) would fully vest if the named executive officer were terminated without cause or resigned for good reason within one year following the merger. In respect to such equity awards, the value above reflects the intrinsic value of in-the-money stock options and the value of restricted stock units for which vesting would be accelerated, in each case based on a price per share of Sterling common stock of $28.78 (the average closing price of Sterling common stock on the five days following the announcement of the merger).

In the event any of Messrs. Seibly, Eckhardt, DePillo or Schultheis were terminated without cause or resigns for good reason within two years following the merger, his retention award of Umpqua restricted common stock would fully vest, as provided in the new Umpqua employment agreements described above. For purposes of the value above, the restricted stock is valued for this purpose based on the grant date fair value of the award.

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  Sterling
Stock Options
  Sterling
Restricted
Stock Units
  Umpqua
Restricted
Stock
 

Gregory J. Seibly

  $ 138,308   $ 797,148   $ 1,419,626  

Patrick J. Rusnak

  $ 49,175   $ 292,462        

Ezra A. Eckhardt

  $ 57,782   $ 356,440   $ 891,003  

David S. DePillo

  $ 59,010   $ 1,153,646   $ 548,024  

Andrew J. Schultheis

  $ 44,254   $ 301,499   $ 386,203  
(3)
None of the named executive officers will become eligible for pension or nonqualified deferred compensation benefit enhancements as a result of the proposed transaction.

(4)
$28,008 reflects the cost of COBRA continuation coverage for 18 months minus the employee portion of premiums for the same benefit and $5,000 reflects the value of outplacement services available to Mr. Rusnak. The COBRA continuation payment will be made in a lump sum within 60 days following termination of employment.

(5)
None of the named executive officers will become eligible for any tax reimbursements as a result of the proposed transaction.

(6)
Reflects the payment to be made under the new Umpqua employment agreements, within 10 days following the effective time of the merger, in settlement of any right to payments under the Sterling Change in Control Plan. This payment is the only single trigger payment payable to the named executive officers.

(7)
The amounts set forth in the table above are subject to automatic cutback under the new Umpqua employment agreements and voluntary cutback under the Sterling Change in Control Plan to an amount that would not subject the named executive officer to an excise tax under Section 4999 of the Internal Revenue Code.

        As the table above assumes termination of employment immediately following the merger, the totals for Messrs. Seibly and Eckhardt do not reflect the retention bonus of $452,000 and $320,000, respectively, that would be payable to each such executive officer if he remained employed by Umpqua on the second anniversary of the effective date of the merger.


Amendment to Umpqua's Articles of Incorporation

        At the Umpqua special meeting, Umpqua shareholders will be asked to approve an amendment to Umpqua's restated articles of incorporation to increase the number of authorized shares of no par value common stock from 200,000,000 to 400,000,000. The full text of the form of proposed amendment is attached as Annex F to this joint proxy statement/prospectus.

        It is a condition to completion of the merger that Umpqua shareholders approve the articles amendment proposal. As of the record date, there were 112,001,584 shares of Umpqua common stock issued and outstanding, 980,789 shares of Umpqua common stock reserved for issuance upon the exercise of Umpqua stock options and 133,284 shares of Umpqua common stock reserved for issuance upon settlement of Umpqua restricted stock units, leaving 286,884,343 shares available to be issued. Based on the number of shares of Sterling common stock, Sterling stock options, Sterling restricted stock units, and warrants to purchase Sterling common stock outstanding as of the record date, approximately 117,308,302 shares of Umpqua common stock will be issued (or in the case of the Sterling warrants, reserved for issuance) in the merger.

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        The additional 200,000,000 shares authorized would be a part of the existing class of common stock and, if and when issued, would have the same rights and privileges as the shares of Umpqua common stock presently issued and outstanding. Holders of Umpqua common stock do not have preemptive rights to acquire additional shares of Umpqua common stock. Accordingly, following the merger, the combined company will have approximately 169,576,041 authorized but unissued shares.

        As noted above, approval of the articles amendment proposal is a condition to completion of the merger. In addition to being necessary for Umpqua to issue the stock portion of the merger consideration, Umpqua's board of directors chose to propose an increase of 200,000,000 (in excess of the number required to authorize all of the shares to be issued in the merger) authorized shares to maintain Umpqua's flexibility in responding to future business and financing needs and opportunities. Specifically, Umpqua's board of directors believes that the increased number of authorized shares of common stock contemplated by the proposed amendment is important to the combined company in order that additional shares be available for issuance from time to time, without further action or authorization by the shareholders (except as required by law), if needed for such corporate purposes as may be determined by the Umpqua board of directors. Such corporate purposes might include: the acquisition of other businesses in exchange for shares of Umpqua's common stock; facilitating broader ownership of Umpqua's common stock by effecting stock splits or issuing a stock dividend; flexibility for possible future financings, including taking prompt advantage of market conditions without the delay associated with seeking additional shareholder approval; and attracting and retaining valuable employees and directors by the issuance of additional share-based awards. The Umpqua board of directors considers the authorization of additional shares advisable to ensure prompt availability of shares for issuance should the occasion arise. Furthermore, the increase in authorized shares to 400,000,000 is expected to result in a similar ratio of authorized shares to outstanding shares immediately after the merger (approximately 1.7 to 1) as Umpqua has as of the record date (approximately 1.8 to 1). Other than the shares to be issued in connection with the merger, Umpqua has no immediate plans, nor are there any existing or proposed agreements or understandings, to issue any of the additional shares of common stock other than pursuant to Umpqua's current equity incentive plans.


Public Trading Markets

        Umpqua common stock is listed for trading on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol "UMPQ," and Sterling common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol "STSA." Upon completion of the merger, Sterling common stock will no longer be quoted on the NASDAQ Capital Market or any other market.

        Under the merger agreement, Umpqua will cause the shares of Umpqua common stock to be issued in the merger to be approved for listing on the NASDAQ Global Select Market, subject to notice of issuance, and the merger agreement provides that neither Umpqua nor Sterling will be required to complete the merger if such shares are not authorized for listing on the NASDAQ Global Select Market, subject to notice of issuance.


Umpqua's Dividend Policy

        No assurances can be given that any dividends will be paid by Umpqua or that dividends, if paid, will not be reduced in future periods. Dividends from Umpqua will depend, in large part, upon receipt of dividends from Umpqua Bank, and any other banks which Umpqua acquires, because Umpqua will have limited sources of income other than dividends from Umpqua Bank and earnings from the investment of proceeds from the sale of shares of common stock retained by Umpqua. In addition, the terms of Umpqua's outstanding junior subordinated debentures prohibit Umpqua from declaring or paying dividends on its common stock if it is aware of any event that would be an event of default under the indenture governing those junior subordinated debentures or at any time that Umpqua has deferred payment of interest on those debentures.

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        Umpqua's board of directors may change its dividend policy at any time, and the payment of dividends by banks and financial holding companies is generally subject to legal and regulatory limitations. For further information on Umpqua's dividend history, see "Comparative Market Prices and Dividends."


Dissenters' Rights in the Merger

        Under chapter 23B.13 of the WBCA, Sterling shareholders who do not wish to accept the merger consideration provided for in the merger agreement, and do not vote for the approval of the merger agreement, have the right to receive payment in cash for the fair value of their shares of Sterling common stock in lieu of the merger consideration to be paid in the merger, together with interest. These rights are known as dissenters' rights. Sterling shareholders who elect to assert dissenters' rights must not vote in favor of the Sterling merger proposal and must comply with the provisions of chapter 23B.13 of the WBCA, in order to perfect their rights. Strict compliance with the statutory procedures in chapter 23B.13 of the WBCA is required. Failure to follow precisely any of the statutory requirements will result in the loss of such shareholder's dissenters' rights.

        This section is intended as a brief summary of the material provisions of the Washington statutory procedures that a shareholder must follow in order to properly demand and perfect dissenters' rights. This summary, however, is not intended as a complete statement of all applicable requirements, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to chapter 23B.13 of the WBCA, the full text of which appears in Annex G to this joint proxy statement/prospectus. The following summary does not constitute any legal or other advice, nor does it constitute a recommendation that shareholders assert their dissenters' rights under chapter 23B.13 of the WBCA. All references in this summary to a "shareholder" or "you" are to the record holder of shares of Sterling common stock unless otherwise indicated.

        Chapter 23B.13 of the WBCA requires that where a merger agreement is to be submitted for approval at a meeting of shareholders, the shareholders must be notified not less than twenty days before the meeting to vote on the merger that dissenters' rights will be available. A copy of chapter 23B.13 of the WBCA must be included with such notice. This joint proxy statement/prospectus constitutes Sterling's notice to its shareholders that dissenters' rights are available in connection with the merger, in compliance with the requirements of chapter 23B.13 of the WBCA. If you wish to consider asserting your dissenters' rights, you should carefully review the text of chapter 23B.13 of the WBCA contained in Annex G. Failure to comply timely and properly with the requirements of chapter 23B.13 of the WBCA will result in the loss of your dissenters' rights under the WBCA.

        If you wish to assert dissenters' rights for your shares of Sterling common stock, you must (1) deliver to Sterling, before the vote on the merger at the Sterling special meeting, notice of your intent to demand payment for your shares of Sterling common stock if the merger is effected, (2) not vote such shares in favor of the merger and the merger agreement and (3) follow the statutory procedures for perfecting dissenters' rights under chapter 23B.13 of the WBCA.

        If you fail to comply with these conditions and the merger is completed, you will be entitled to receive payment for your shares of Sterling common stock as provided for in the merger agreement, but you will have no dissenters' rights with respect to your shares of Sterling common stock. Voting against or failing to vote for the Sterling merger proposal by itself does not constitute notice of your intent to assert your dissenters' rights within the meaning of chapter 23B.13 of the WBCA. A proxy that is submitted and does not contain voting instructions will, unless revoked, constitute a vote in favor of the merger and the merger agreement, and it will constitute a waiver of your dissenters' rights. If you mark "ABSTAIN" on your proxy card, fail to either submit a proxy card or vote by telephone or internet or in person at the Sterling special meeting or fail to instruct your bank or broker how to vote with respect to the Sterling merger proposal, it will not constitute a waiver of your dissenters' rights. However, if you fail to deliver to Sterling notice of your intent to demand payment before the vote on the merger, such failure will have the effect of waiving your right to dissent. Therefore, a shareholder

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who submits a proxy and who wishes to assert dissenters' rights must either submit a proxy containing instructions to vote against the Sterling merger proposal or abstain from voting on the Sterling merger proposal.

        All notice of your intent to assert your dissenters' rights should be addressed to Sterling Financial Corporation, Attention: Andrew J. Schultheis, General Counsel, Sterling Financial Corporation, 111 North Wall Street, Spokane, Washington 99201, and must be delivered before the vote is taken on the Sterling merger proposal at the Sterling special meeting, and should be executed by, or on behalf of, the record shareholders of Sterling common stock. Your notice should specify your name and mailing address, the number of shares of Sterling common stock you own, and that you intend to demand cash payment for your shares of Sterling common stock if the merger and the merger agreement are approved. Such notice must be separate from your proxy.

        A shareholder who wishes to assert dissenters' rights generally must dissent with respect to all the shares the shareholder owns or over which the shareholder has power to direct the vote. However, if a record shareholder is a nominee for several beneficial shareholders some of whom wish to dissent and some of whom do not, then the record holder may dissent with respect to all the shares beneficially owned by any one person by delivering to Sterling a notice of the name and address of each person on whose behalf the record shareholder asserts dissenters' rights. To be effective, dissenters' rights must be made by, or in the name of, the record shareholder, fully and correctly, as the shareholder's name appears in Sterling's records or by the beneficial shareholder to the extent of the rights granted by a nominee certificate on file with Sterling. The beneficial shareholder may assert dissenters' rights directly by submitting to Sterling the record shareholder's written consent and by dissenting with respect to all the shares of which such shareholder is the beneficial shareholder or over which such shareholder has the power to direct the vote. If you hold your shares of Sterling common stock through a bank, brokerage firm or other nominee and you wish to assert dissenters' rights, you should consult with your bank, brokerage firm or the other nominee to determine the appropriate procedures for the making of a demand for payment pursuant to dissenters' rights by the nominee.

        Within ten days after the effective time of the merger, the surviving corporation after the merger must give written notice that the merger has become effective to each of Sterling's shareholders who has properly delivered a written notice of intent to demand payment and who did not vote in favor of the Sterling merger proposal. The notice must:

        If you wish to assert dissenters' rights, you must timely file the payment demand, certify whether you acquired beneficial ownership of the shares before the date set forth in the notice as the date of the first public announcement of the terms of the merger and deliver share certificates as required in the notice. Failure to give notice of your payment demand by the date set in the notice will cause you to lose your dissenters' rights. Your dissenters' rights to obtain payment of the fair value of your shares of Sterling common stock will terminate if your demand for payment is withdrawn with Sterling's consent. Dissenters who acquire shares after the date of the first public announcement of the terms of

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the merger are not entitled to immediate payment under Section 23B.13.270. The surviving corporation may, at its option, following delivery of dissenters' payment demands, make an offer of payment to such dissenters with payment conditioned on acceptance of such offer in full satisfaction of their claims.

        Under section 23B.13.250 of the WBCA, within 30 days of the later of the effective time of the merger or the date the payment demand is received, the surviving corporation must pay each dissenter who complied with the payment demand and related requirements of section 23B.13.230 of the WBCA the amount the surviving corporation estimates to be the fair value of the shareholder's shares of Sterling common stock, plus accrued interest (other than dissenters who acquired shares of Sterling common stock after the date set forth in the dissenters' notice as the first announcement to the news media or to shareholders of the terms of the merger, if the surviving corporation elects to withhold payment as described below). The payment must be accompanied by:

        The fair value of the dissenter's shares is the value of the shares immediately before the effective time of the merger, excluding any appreciation or depreciation in anticipation of the merger unless such exclusion would be inequitable. Accrued interest means interest from the effective time of the merger until the date of payment, at the average rate at which Sterling currently pays its principal bank loans.

        Under section 23B.13.270 of the WBCA, the surviving corporation may elect to withhold payment from a dissenter unless the dissenter was the beneficial owner of the shares before the date set forth in the dissenters' notice as the date of the first announcement to news media or to shareholders of the terms of the merger. To the extent the surviving corporation elects to so withhold payment, after the effective time of the merger, the surviving corporation must estimate the fair value of the shares, plus accrued interest, and offer to pay this amount to each dissenter who agrees to accept such amounts in full satisfaction of the dissenter's demand. The surviving corporation must send with its offer an explanation of how it estimated the fair value of the shares, an explanation of how the interest was calculated, and a statement of the dissenter's right to demand payment under section 23B.13.280 of the WBCA. If a dissenting shareholder does not accept the surviving corporation's offer, the dissenter is entitled to demand a judicial determination of the amounts and is entitled to payment of such amounts so determined at the end of the judicial proceedings.

        Within 30 days of the surviving corporation's payment or offer of payment, a dissenting shareholder may deliver a notice of his, her or its own estimate of the fair value of such dissenter's shares and amount of interest due, and demand payment of his, her or its estimate, less any payment made under section 23B.13.250 of the WBCA, or reject the surviving corporation's offer under section 23B.13.270 of the WBCA and demand payment of the dissenter's estimate of the fair value of the dissenter's shares and interest due, if:

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        If a dissenter wishes to submit his, her or its own estimate of the fair value of such dissenter's shares, such dissenter must deliver the notice and demand payment within 30 days after the surviving corporation made or offered payment for the dissenter's shares. Failure to do so will cause such dissenter to waive this right to demand payment.

        If the surviving corporation does not accept the dissenter's estimate and the parties do not otherwise settle on a fair value, the surviving corporation must commence a proceeding within 60 days after receiving the payment demand and petition the court to determine the fair value of the shares and accrued interest. If the surviving corporation fails to petition an appropriate court within sixty days, it will be required to pay the dissenting shareholder's estimated fair value of Sterling common stock. As the surviving corporation is not a Washington corporation, it must commence the proceeding in the superior court of the county where its registered office is located. The registered office for Umpqua, as the surviving corporation in Washington is CT Corporation System, 505 Union Avenue SE, Suite 120, Olympia WA 98501 and accordingly, the proceeding will be in the superior court in Thurston County, Washington. The surviving corporation must make all dissenters whose demands remain unsettled parties to the proceeding as in an action against their shares and all parties must be served with a copy of the petition. Nonresidents may be served by registered or certified mail or by publication as provided by law.

        The surviving corporation may join as a party to the proceeding any shareholder who claims to be a dissenter but who has not, in the opinion of the surviving corporation, complied with the provisions of chapter 23B.13 of the WBCA. If the court determines that such shareholder has not complied with the provisions of chapter 23B.13 of the WBCA the shareholder will be dismissed as a party.

        The jurisdiction of the court in which the proceeding is commenced under chapter 23B.13 of the WBCA is plenary and exclusive. The court may appoint one or more persons as appraisers to receive evidence and recommend decision on the question of fair value. The appraisers have the powers described in the order appointing them, or in any amendment to it. The dissenters are entitled to the same discovery rights as parties in other civil proceedings.

        Each dissenter made a party to such proceeding is entitled to judgment for the amount, if any, by which the court finds the fair value of the dissenter's shares, plus interest, exceeds the amount paid by the surviving corporation, or the fair value, plus accrued interest, of the dissenter's after-acquired shares for which the surviving corporation elected to withhold payment.

        The court will determine all costs of such proceeding and will assess such costs against the surviving corporation, including the reasonable compensation and expenses of appraisers appointed by the court, except to the extent the court finds the dissenters acted arbitrarily, vexatiously, or not in good faith in demanding payment under chapter 23B.13 of the WBCA. The court may also assess the fees and expenses of counsel and experts for the respective parties, in amounts the court finds equitable:

        If the court finds that the services of counsel for any dissenter were of substantial benefit to other dissenters similarly situated, and that the fees for those services should not be assessed against the

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surviving corporation, the court may award to these counsel reasonable fees to be paid out of the amounts awarded the dissenters who were benefited.

        Any shareholder who demanded dissenters' rights will not, after the effective time of the merger, be entitled to vote shares of Sterling common stock subject to that demand for any purpose or to receive payments of dividends or any other distribution with respect to those shares of Sterling common stock, other than with respect to payment as of a record date prior to the effective time of the merger. However, if the shareholder fails to perfect or otherwise withdraws or loses such holder's dissenters' right, then the right of that shareholder to be paid the fair value of such holder's dissenting shares will cease and that shareholder will be entitled to receive the merger consideration (without interest and less any applicable withholding taxes) for his, her or its shares of Sterling common stock pursuant to the merger agreement. Failure to comply strictly with all of the procedures set forth in chapter 23B.13 of the WBCA will result in the loss of a shareholder's statutory dissenters' rights.

        In view of the complexity of chapter 23B.13 of the WBCA, Sterling's shareholders who may wish to pursue dissenters' rights should consult their legal and financial advisors.


Regulatory Approvals Required for the Merger

        Completion of the merger is subject to prior receipt of certain approvals and consents required to be obtained from applicable governmental and regulatory authorities, without certain conditions being imposed by any governmental authority as part of a regulatory approval that would reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the surviving corporation and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole. Subject to the terms and conditions of the merger agreement, Umpqua and Sterling have agreed to use their reasonable best efforts and cooperate to promptly prepare and file all necessary documentation and to obtain as promptly as practicable all regulatory approvals necessary or advisable to complete the transactions contemplated by the merger agreement. These approvals include, among others, approval from the Federal Reserve Board, the FDIC and the Oregon Director. A notification to the Washington DFI is also required. Umpqua and Sterling have filed applications and notifications to obtain the required regulatory approvals.

Federal Reserve Board

        The transactions contemplated by the merger agreement are subject to approval by the Board pursuant to the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (which we refer to as the "BHC Act"). Umpqua has submitted an application pursuant to the BHC Act and Regulation Y seeking the prior approval of the Board for Sterling to merge with and into Umpqua. The Board takes into consideration a number of factors when acting on such applications. These factors include the financial and managerial resources (including consideration of the competence, experience, and integrity of the officers, directors, and principal shareholders, as well as the pro forma capital ratios) and future prospects of the combined organization. The Board also considers the effectiveness of the applicant in combatting money laundering, the convenience and needs of the communities to be served, as well as the extent to which the proposal would result in greater or more concentrated risks to the stability of the U.S. banking or financial system. The Board may not approve a proposal that would have significant adverse effects on competition or on the concentration of resources in any banking market.

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

        The merger of Sterling Savings Bank with and into Umpqua Bank is subject to approval by the FDIC pursuant to the Bank Merger Act. Umpqua Bank has submitted an application pursuant to the Bank Merger Act seeking the prior approval of the FDIC for Sterling Savings Bank to merge with and into Umpqua Bank, and requested consent for Umpqua Bank to exercise trust powers.

        The FDIC takes into consideration a number of factors when acting on applications under the Bank Merger Act. These factors include the financial and managerial resources (including consideration

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of the competence, experience, and integrity of the officers, directors, and principal shareholders) and future prospects of the combined organization. The FDIC also considers the effectiveness of the applicant in combatting money laundering, the convenience and needs of the communities to be served, as well as the extent to which the proposal would result in greater or more concentrated risks to the stability of the U.S. banking or financial system. The FDIC may not approve a proposal that would have significant adverse effects on competition or on the concentration of resources in any banking market.

        In reviewing the convenience and needs of the communities to be serviced, the Board and the FDIC will consider the records of performance of the relevant insured depository institutions under the Community Reinvestment Act of 1977 (which we refer to as the "CRA"). In their most recent respective CRA examinations, both Umpqua Bank and Sterling Savings Bank received an overall "satisfactory" regulatory rating.

        Furthermore, the Bank Merger Act, the BHC Act and applicable regulations require published notice of, and the opportunity for public comment on, these applications. The Board and the FDIC take into account the views of third party commenters, particularly on the subject of the merging parties' service to their respective communities, and any hearing, meeting or comments provided by third parties could prolong the period during which the applications are under review by the Board and the FDIC.

        Transactions approved under section 3 of the BHC Act or the Bank Merger Act generally may not be completed until 30 days after the approval of the applicable federal agency is received, during which time the Department of Justice (which we refer to as the "DOJ") may challenge the transaction on antitrust grounds. With the approval of the applicable federal agency and the concurrence of the DOJ, the waiting period may be reduced to no less than 15 days. The commencement of an antitrust action would stay the effectiveness of such an approval unless a court specifically ordered otherwise. In reviewing the merger, the DOJ could analyze the merger's effect on competition differently than the Board or FDIC, and thus it is possible that the DOJ could reach a different conclusion than the Board or FDIC regarding the merger's effects on competition. A determination by the DOJ not to object to the merger may not prevent the filing of antitrust actions by private persons or state attorneys general.

State of Oregon

        The transactions contemplated by the merger agreement are subject to approval by the Oregon Director pursuant to the Oregon Revised Statutes (which we refer to as the "ORS"). Umpqua Bank has submitted an application to the Oregon Director for Umpqua Bank to acquire Sterling Savings Bank by merger. Additionally, in connection with the Bank Merger Act application, Umpqua Bank submitted an application to the Oregon Director for prior approval to exercise trust powers. Among other things, the Oregon Director will consider whether the proposed transactions conform with the ORS and whether the proposed transactions are detrimental to the safety and soundness of the resulting Oregon state chartered bank or the public interest.

State of Washington

        The transactions contemplated by the merger agreement also require notification to the Washington DFI pursuant to the Revised Code of Washington. Umpqua Bank notified the Washington DFI that it has filed an application with the FDIC for prior approval for Umpqua Bank to acquire Sterling Savings Bank by merger.

Additional Regulatory Approvals and Notices

        Notifications and/or applications requesting approval may be submitted to various other federal and state regulatory authorities and self-regulatory organizations.

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        Umpqua and Sterling believe that the merger does not raise significant regulatory concerns and that we will be able to obtain all requisite regulatory approvals. Umpqua will propose branch divestitures in certain markets it believes should be sufficient to eliminate competitive concerns. However, neither Umpqua nor Sterling can assure you that all of the regulatory approvals described above will be obtained and, if obtained, we cannot assure you as to the timing of any such approvals, our ability to obtain the approvals on satisfactory terms or the absence of any litigation challenging such approvals. In addition, there can be no assurance that such approvals will not impose conditions or requirements that, individually or in the aggregate, would or could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the financial condition, results of operations, assets or business of the combined company.

        Neither Umpqua nor Sterling is aware of any material governmental approvals or actions that are required for completion of the merger other than those described above. It is presently contemplated that if any such additional governmental approvals or actions are required, those approvals or actions will be sought. There can be no assurance, however, that any additional approvals or actions will be obtained.


Litigation Relating to the Merger

        Sterling, its directors and Umpqua are named as defendants in three lawsuits pending in the Superior Court of Washington in and for Spokane County, which have been consolidated under the caption In re Sterling Financial Corporation Merger Litigation, Lead No. 13-2-03848-4. The consolidated litigation generally alleges that the directors of Sterling breached their duties to the Sterling shareholders by approving the merger, failing to take steps to maximize shareholders value, engaging in a flawed sales process, and agreeing to deal protection provisions in the merger agreement that are alleged to unduly favor Umpqua. Umpqua is alleged to have aided and abetted the alleged breaches of duty. The consolidated litigation also alleges that the disclosures approved by the Sterling board in connection with the merger and the vote thereon are false and misleading in various respects. As relief, the complaints seek, among other things, an injunction against consummation of the merger, rescission of the merger if it is effected, damages in an unspecified amount, and the payment of plaintiffs' attorneys fees and costs. The defendants believe that the lawsuits are without merit. On January 16, 2014 the parties to the consolidated litigation entered into a memorandum of understanding to settle the consolidated litigation (such memorandum including plaintiffs' agreement to stay the consolidated litigation, except for proceedings relating to the settlement), subject to court approval and other customary conditions, including the execution of definitive documentation. The proposed settlement covers all holders of Sterling common stock (other than the defendants and their immediate families, heirs and assigns) from and including November 1, 2012 until the consummation of the merger. The proposed settlement provides for the defendants to make certain additional disclosures, which have been included in this joint proxy statement/prospectus. The proposed settlement does not provide for any other consideration from the defendants, including any monetary consideration (other than potentially attorneys fees' as described in the following paragraph). Sterling shareholders who are members of the proposed settlement class will, at a later date, receive written notice containing the full terms of the proposed settlement and proposed release of class claims and related matters.

        In the event that the parties enter into a settlement, a hearing will be scheduled at which the Superior Court of Washington in and for Spokane County will consider the fairness, reasonableness, and adequacy of the settlement. If the settlement is finally approved by the court, it will resolve and release all claims in the consolidated litigation that were or could have been brought challenging any aspect of the proposed merger, the merger agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby, and any disclosure made in connection therewith (but excluding dissenters' rights pursuant to Chapter 23B.13 of the WBCA), among other claims, pursuant to terms that will be disclosed to stockholders prior to final approval of the settlement. In addition, in connection with the settlement, the parties contemplate that plaintiffs' counsel will file a petition in the Superior Court of Washington

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in and for Spokane County for an award of attorneys' fees and expenses to be paid by Sterling or its successor, which the defendants may oppose. Sterling or its successor will pay or cause to be paid any attorneys' fees and expenses awarded by the Superior Court of Washington in and for Spokane County. There can be no assurance that the parties will ultimately enter into a settlement or that the Superior Court of Washington in and for Spokane County will approve the settlement even if the parties were to enter into such stipulation. In such event, the proposed settlement as contemplated by the memorandum of understanding may be terminated. Sterling management believes the proposed settlement will have no adverse material impact on Sterling.

        Neither the memorandum of understanding nor the ultimate settlement is, and neither should be construed as, an admission of wrongdoing or liability by any defendant. Sterling, its directors and Umpqua continue to believe that the consolidated litigation is without merit and vigorously deny the allegations that Sterling's directors breached their fiduciary duties.


Investor Letter Agreements

        In connection with the execution of the merger agreement, Umpqua and Sterling entered into letter agreements (which we refer to as the "investor letter agreements") with each of Warburg Pincus and THL.

        Pursuant to the investor letter agreements, each of Warburg Pincus and THL agreed, subject to certain exceptions, to vote all shares of Sterling common stock beneficially owned by it and entitled to vote at Sterling's shareholder meeting in favor of the Sterling merger proposal. As of the date of the merger agreement, and as of the record date, Warburg Pincus and THL each had the right to vote approximately 20.8% of the outstanding shares of Sterling common stock. The investor letter agreements also prohibit Warburg Pincus and THL from, directly or indirectly:

        Each of the obligations of Warburg Pincus and THL listed above terminates on the earlier of (1) the Sterling board of directors changing its recommendation regarding the merger, (2) the Sterling special meeting (including any adjournments thereof) concluding with a vote on the Sterling merger proposal having been taken, (3) the merger agreement being amended without Warburg Pincus' or THL's consent, as applicable, (4) September 11, 2014 or the effective time of the merger or (5) termination of the merger agreement in accordance with its terms.

        Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing in the investor letter agreements limits the ability of any representative of Warburg Pincus or any representative of THL that serves as a director or observer on the Sterling board of directors from discharging his or her fiduciary duties in such capacity.

        The investor letter agreements also provide that, at the effective time of the merger, Umpqua will assume the obligations of Sterling under the Investment Agreement, dated May 25, 2010, between Sterling and Warburg Pincus, as amended, and the Second Amended and Restated Investment Agreement, dated May 25, 2010, between Sterling and THL, as amended, each as further amended by each investor letter agreement, including removal of the right to appoint a non-voting observer to attend meetings of the board of directors, removal of standstill provisions, removal of certain transfer restrictions and changes to certain registration rights. Pursuant to the investor letter agreements, each of Warburg Pincus and THL will continue to have the right to designate one individual to the board of directors of the surviving corporation until their respective ownership of common stock of the surviving corporation is less than 4.9% of the shares outstanding.

        The foregoing description of the investor letter agreements is only a summary and shareholders are urged to read the copies of each of the investor letter agreements that are included in this joint proxy statement/prospectus as Annex B and Annex C.

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THE MERGER AGREEMENT

        The following describes certain aspects of the merger, including certain material provisions of the merger agreement. The following description of the merger agreement is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by reference to, the merger agreement, which is attached to this joint proxy statement/prospectus as Annex A and is incorporated by reference into this joint proxy statement/prospectus. We urge you to read the merger agreement carefully and in its entirety, as it is the legal document governing the merger.


Structure of the Merger

        Each of Umpqua's and Sterling's respective boards of directors has unanimously adopted the merger agreement. The merger agreement provides for the merger of Sterling with and into Umpqua, with Umpqua continuing as the surviving corporation. Umpqua's restated articles of incorporation will be amended at the effective time of the merger to increase the number of authorized shares of Umpqua no par value common stock to 400,000,000. Immediately following the effective time of the merger, Sterling's wholly owned bank subsidiary, Sterling Savings Bank, will merge with and into Umpqua's wholly owned bank subsidiary, Umpqua Bank. Umpqua Bank will be the surviving bank in the bank merger.

Merger Consideration

        Each share of Sterling common stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the effective time of the merger, except for specified shares of Sterling common stock held by Sterling or Umpqua and any dissenting shares, will be converted into the right to receive 1.671 shares of Umpqua common stock and $2.18 in cash, without interest.

        If the outstanding shares of Umpqua common stock or Sterling common stock change before the merger is completed as a result of a reorganization, recapitalization, reclassification, stock dividend or stock distribution, stock split, reverse stock split or other similar change in capitalization, or there is any extraordinary dividend or distribution, an appropriate and proportionate adjustment will be made to the merger consideration.

Fractional Shares

        Umpqua will not issue any fractional shares of Umpqua common stock in the merger. Instead, a Sterling shareholder who otherwise would have received a fraction of a share of Umpqua common stock will receive an amount in cash rounded to the nearest whole cent. This cash amount will be determined by multiplying the fraction of a share (after taking into account all shares of Sterling common stock held by the holder at the effective time of the merger and rounded to the nearest thousandth when expressed in decimal form) of Umpqua common stock to which the holder would otherwise be entitled by the Umpqua closing price.

Warrants

        At the effective time of the merger, each warrant issued by Sterling pursuant to its investment agreements with Warburg Pincus and THL will be converted into a warrant exercisable for the merger consideration that the Sterling common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrant immediately prior to the effective time would have been entitled to receive upon completion of the merger.

Governing Documents; Directors and Officers; Governance Matters; Headquarters; Charitable Foundation

        At the effective time of the merger, the articles of incorporation and bylaws of Umpqua in effect immediately prior to the effective time will be the articles of incorporation and bylaws of the surviving corporation after the effective time of the merger, subject to the articles amendment, until thereafter

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amended in accordance with applicable law. Also at the effective time, the number of directors on the board of directors of the combined company will be 13, of which one will be Raymond P. Davis, the current President and Chief Executive Officer of Umpqua, eight will be designated by Umpqua, all of which will be independent from the combined company under the listing rules of the NASDAQ, up to two will be directors designated pursuant to the investor letter agreements, and four less the number of directors either (1) designated pursuant to the investor letter agreements or (2) if not so designated, retained as a contractual right to be designated under the investor letter agreements and not irrevocably and permanently waived prior to the effective time of the merger, will be chosen by Sterling's existing board of directors from a list mutually agreed upon by Umpqua and Sterling prior to the entry into the merger agreement. Umpqua also agreed to nominate for reelection each of the directors chosen by Sterling's existing board of directors at each Umpqua annual shareholder meeting held before Umpqua 2016 annual shareholder meeting. The chairperson of the board of directors of the combined company will be the existing chairperson of the board of directors of Umpqua.

        At the effective time of the merger, Mr. Davis will serve as Chief Executive Officer of the combined company and J. Gregory Seibly, the current President and Chief Executive Officer of Sterling, and Cort L. O'Haver, the current Senior Executive Vice President of Umpqua and Umpqua Bank, will each serve as a Senior Executive Vice President of Umpqua and a Co-President of Umpqua Bank.

        The location of the headquarters and principal executive offices of the combined company will be in Portland, Oregon.

        At the effective time of the merger, Umpqua will establish a charitable foundation for the benefit of the communities served by the surviving corporation after the merger, and Umpqua will contribute $10,000,000 to such foundation.


Treatment of Sterling Stock Options and Restricted Stock Units

Stock Options

        At the effective time of the merger, each option to purchase shares of Sterling common stock outstanding immediately prior to the effective time (except for certain options with an exercise price significantly in excess of the value of the merger consideration, which Sterling will use commercially reasonable efforts to cancel prior to the effective time) will be converted into an option to purchase Umpqua common stock on the same terms and conditions as were applicable prior to the merger (taking into account that, except for new equity award compensation granted prior to the effective time of the merger, the consummation of the merger and its related transactions will constitute the first trigger under equity awards that provide for "double trigger" acceleration of vesting), except that (1) the number of shares of Umpqua common stock subject to the new option will be equal to the product of the number of shares of Sterling common stock subject to the existing Sterling stock option and the equity exchange ratio (rounding fractional shares down to the nearest whole share), and (2) the exercise price per share of Umpqua common stock under the new option will be equal to the exercise price per share of the existing Sterling stock option divided by the equity exchange ratio (rounded up to the nearest whole cent).

Restricted Stock Units

        At the effective time of the merger, each restricted stock unit in respect of Sterling common stock outstanding immediately prior to the effective time will be converted into a restricted stock unit with respect to a number of shares of Umpqua common stock equal to the product of the number of shares of Sterling common stock subject to the Sterling restricted stock unit and the equity exchange ratio, on the same terms and conditions as were applicable prior to the merger (taking into account that, except for new equity award compensation granted prior to the effective time of the merger, the

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consummation of the merger and its related transactions will constitute the first trigger under equity awards that provide for "double trigger" acceleration of vesting).


Employee Stock Purchase Plan

        Sterling's 2011 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (which we refer to as the "Sterling ESPP") will be terminated as of no later than immediately prior to effective time of the merger, and the current offering period, which is scheduled to conclude February 1, 2014, will be the final offering period under the Sterling ESPP. If the effective time occurs prior to February 1, 2014, any options under the ESPP will be exercised seven days prior to the effective time. Participants in the Sterling ESPP may not increase their payroll deductions from those in effect as of the date of the merger agreement.


Closing and Effective Time of the Merger

        The merger will be completed only if all conditions to the merger discussed in this joint proxy statement/prospectus and set forth in the merger agreement are either satisfied or waived. See "—Conditions to Complete the Merger."

        The merger will become effective as set forth in the articles of merger to be filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Oregon and the articles of merger to be filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Washington. The closing of the transactions contemplated by the merger will occur at 10:00 a.m., New York City time on a date no later than two business days after the satisfaction or waiver of the last to occur of the conditions set forth in the merger agreement, unless extended by mutual agreement of the parties. It currently is anticipated that the completion of the merger will occur in the first half of 2014 subject to the receipt of regulatory approvals and other customary closing conditions, but neither Sterling nor Umpqua can guarantee when or if the merger will be completed.


Conversion of Shares; Exchange of Certificates

        The conversion of Sterling common stock into the right to receive the merger consideration will occur automatically at the effective time of the merger. After completion of the merger, the exchange agent will exchange certificates representing shares of Sterling common stock for the merger consideration to be received pursuant to the terms of the merger agreement. The exchange agent will make appropriate arrangements to provide that shares of Sterling common stock held in book-entry form will be transferred by means of an "agent's message" or other means in order for shareholders holding shares in book-entry form to receive the merger consideration to be received pursuant to the term so of the merger agreement.

Letter of Transmittal

        As soon as reasonably practicable after the completion of the merger, and in any event within 10 business days thereafter, the exchange agent will mail to each holder of record of Sterling common stock immediately prior to the effective time of the merger a letter of transmittal and instructions on how to surrender shares of Sterling common stock in exchange for the merger consideration the holder is entitled to receive under the merger agreement.

        If a certificate for Sterling common stock has been lost, stolen or destroyed, the exchange agent will issue the merger consideration upon receipt of (1) an affidavit of that fact by the claimant and (2) if required by Umpqua, the posting of a bond in an amount as Umpqua or the exchange agent may determine is reasonably necessary as indemnity against any claim that may be made against it with respect to such certificate.

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        After completion of the merger, there will be no further transfers on the stock transfer books of Sterling of shares of Sterling common stock other than to settle transfers of Sterling common stock that occurred prior to the completion of the merger.

Withholding

        Umpqua will be entitled to deduct and withhold, or cause the exchange agent to deduct and withhold, from the consideration payable under the merger agreement to any Sterling shareholder the amounts it is required to deduct and withhold under the Code or any provision of state, local or foreign tax law. If any such amounts are withheld and paid over to the appropriate governmental authority, the withheld amounts will be treated for all purposes of the merger agreement as having been paid to the shareholders from whom they were withheld.

Dividends and Distributions

        No dividends or other distributions declared with respect to Umpqua common stock will be paid to the holder of any unsurrendered certificates of Sterling common stock until the holder surrenders such certificate in accordance with the merger agreement. After the surrender of a certificate in accordance with the merger agreement, the record holder thereof will be entitled to receive (1) any such dividends or other distributions, without any interest, with a record date after the effective time and previously paid or payable on the date of such surrender with respect to the whole shares of Umpqua common stock which the shares of Sterling common stock represented by such certificate have been converted into the right to receive under the merger agreement (which amounts will be paid at the time the merger consideration is paid) or (2) at the appropriate payment date, any such dividends or other distributions which had been declared with a record date after the effective time of the merger but prior to the surrender date which thereafter become payable with respect to the whole shares of Umpqua common stock which the shares of Sterling common stock represented by such certificate have been converted into the right to receive under the merger agreement.


Representations and Warranties

        The representations, warranties and covenants described below and included in the merger agreement were made only for purposes of the merger agreement and as of specific dates, are solely for the benefit of Umpqua and Sterling, may be subject to limitations, qualifications or exceptions agreed upon by the parties, including being qualified by confidential disclosures made for the purposes of, among other things, allocating contractual risk between Umpqua and Sterling rather than establishing matters as facts, and may be subject to standards of materiality that differ from those standards relevant to investors. You should not rely on the representations, warranties, covenants or any description thereof as characterizations of the actual state of facts or condition of Umpqua, Sterling or any of their respective subsidiaries or affiliates. Moreover, information concerning the subject matter of the representations, warranties and covenants may change after the date of the merger agreement, which subsequent information may or may not be fully reflected in public disclosures by Umpqua or Sterling. The representations and warranties, other provisions of the merger agreement or any description of these provisions should not be read alone, but instead should be read only in conjunction with the information provided elsewhere in this joint proxy statement/prospectus, the documents incorporated by reference into this joint proxy statement/prospectus and the other reports, statements and filings that Umpqua and Sterling publicly file with the SEC. See "Where You Can Find More Information."

        The merger agreement contains customary representations and warranties of each of Umpqua and Sterling relating to their respective businesses. The representations and warranties in the merger agreement do not survive the effective time of the merger.

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        The merger agreement contains representations and warranties made by each of Umpqua and Sterling relating to a number of matters, including the following:

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        Certain representations and warranties of Umpqua and Sterling are qualified as to "materiality" or "material adverse effect." For purposes of the merger agreement, a "material adverse effect," when used in reference to either Sterling or Umpqua, means a material adverse effect on (1) the business, properties, assets, liabilities, results of operations or financial condition of such party and its subsidiaries taken as a whole (provided that in the case of clause (1), a material adverse effect will be deemed not to include the impact of (A) changes, after the date of the merger agreement, in U.S. generally accepted accounting principles or regulatory accounting requirements, (B) changes, after the date of the merger agreement, in laws, rules or regulations of general applicability to companies in the industries in which such party and its subsidiaries operate, or interpretations thereof by courts or governmental entities, (C) changes, after the date of the merger agreement, in global, national or regional political conditions (including the outbreak of war, hostilities, or acts of terrorism or natural disasters) or in economic or market conditions (including changes in prevailing interest rates, credit availability and liquidity, currency exchange rates, and price levels or trading volumes in the United States or foreign securities markets) affecting the financial services industry generally, (D) changes after the date of the merger agreement in the banking industry, credit markets, any downgrades in the credit markets, or adverse credit events resulting in deterioration in the credit markets generally and including changes to any previously correctly applied asset marks resulting therefrom, (E) public disclosure of the transactions contemplated by the merger agreement, (F) actions or omissions expressly required by the merger agreement or that are taken with the prior written consent of the other party, or (G) a decline in the trading price of a party's common stock or the failure, in and of itself, to meet earnings projections, but not, in either case, including the underlying causes thereof; except, with respect to clauses (A), (B), (C) or (D), to the extent that the effects of such change are materially disproportionately adverse to the business, properties, assets, liabilities, results of operations or financial condition of such party and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, as compared to other companies in the industry in which such party and its subsidiaries operate) or (2) the ability of such party to timely consummate the transactions contemplated by the merger agreement.


Covenants and Agreements

Conduct of Businesses Prior to the Completion of the Merger

        Each of Sterling and Umpqua has agreed that, prior to the effective time of the merger, subject to specified exceptions, it will, and will cause each of its subsidiaries to, (1) conduct its business in the ordinary course in all material respects, (2) use commercially reasonable efforts to maintain and preserve intact its business organization and advantageous business relationships and retain the services of its key officers and key employees, and (3) take no action that would reasonably be expected to adversely affect or delay the obtaining of any necessary approvals of any governmental entity or regulatory agency required for the transactions contemplated by the merger agreement or to perform its covenants and agreements under the merger agreement or to consummate the transactions contemplated thereby.

        Additionally, prior to the effective time of the merger, subject to specified exceptions, neither Umpqua nor Sterling may, and neither Umpqua nor Sterling may permit any of their respective subsidiaries to, without the prior written consent of the other party (not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed), undertake the following actions:

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Regulatory Matters

        Umpqua and Sterling have agreed to use their respective reasonable best efforts to prepare and file all necessary documentation, to effect all applications, notices, petitions and filings, to obtain as promptly as practicable all permits, consents, approvals and authorizations of all third parties and governmental entities which are necessary or advisable to consummate the transactions contemplated by the merger agreement and to comply with the terms and conditions of all such permits, consents, approvals and authorizations of all such third party and government entities. Umpqua and Sterling have also agreed to furnish each other with all information reasonably necessary or advisable and to consult with each other in connection with any statement, filing, notice or application to any governmental entity in connection with the merger and the other transactions contemplated by the merger agreement as well as to keep each other apprised of the status of matters related to the completion of the transactions contemplated by the merger agreement. However, in no event will Umpqua or Sterling be required to take any action, or commit to take any action, or agree to any condition or restriction, in connection with obtaining the required permits, consents, approvals and authorizations of third parties or governmental entities that would reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the combined company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole (which we refer to as a "materially burdensome regulatory condition"), provided that the sale of one or more branches of Sterling or Umpqua in a geographic banking market will not constitute or be taken into account in determining whether there is a materially burdensome regulatory condition.

Employee Benefit Matters

        Umpqua and Sterling have agreed that, unless otherwise mutually agreed, for a period of one year following the effective time of the merger, each continuing employee of Sterling and its subsidiaries will be provided with compensation and benefits that are substantially comparable in the aggregate to the compensation and benefits provided to similarly situated employees of Umpqua and its subsidiaries. Continuing employees of Sterling and its subsidiaries who are not eligible for severance compensation or benefits by agreement and are terminated without cause following the effective time of the merger will be eligible for severance benefits under Umpqua's severance policy.

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        The merger agreement requires the surviving corporation to do the following with respect to the continuing employees of Sterling and its subsidiaries:

Director and Officer Indemnification and Insurance

        The merger agreement provides that after the completion of the merger, the surviving corporation will indemnify all present and former directors and officers of Sterling and its subsidiaries and all persons who are or were serving as a director or officer at the request of Sterling and its subsidiaries at or prior to the effective time of the merger against any costs and liabilities, whether arising before or after the effective time of the merger, arising out of the fact that such person is or was a director or officer of Sterling or its subsidiaries or serving as a director or officer at the request of Sterling or its subsidiaries and in respect of any acts or omissions (or alleged acts or omissions) by such person occurring (or alleged to have occurred) at or prior to the effective time of the merger, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, and will also advance expenses to such persons to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, provided that such person provides an undertaking to repay such advances if it is ultimately determined that such person is not entitled to indemnification.

        Umpqua and Sterling have agreed that all existing rights to indemnification and exculpation from liabilities for Sterling's and its subsidiaries' present and former directors and officers as provided in Sterling's organizational documents or certain indemnification agreements for acts or omissions occurring at or prior to the effective time of the merger will survive the merger and will not be amended, repealed or otherwise modified in a manner adverse to such persons for a period of six years after completion of the merger.

        The merger agreement requires the surviving corporation to maintain for a period of six years after completion of the merger Sterling's existing directors' and officers' liability insurance policy, or policies with a substantially comparable insurer of at least the same coverage and amounts and containing terms and conditions that are no less advantageous to the insured, with respect to claims arising from facts or events that occurred at or prior to the completion of the merger. However, the surviving corporation is not required to make annual premium payments for such insurance in excess of a specified amount (which we refer to as the "premium cap"), and if premiums for such insurance

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would at any time exceed the premium cap, then the surviving corporation will maintain policies of insurance which, in its good faith determination, provide the maximum coverage available at an annual premium equal to the premium cap. In lieu of the foregoing, Umpqua, or Sterling upon the consent of Umpqua, may obtain at or prior to the effective time of the merger a six-year prepaid "tail" policy under Sterling's existing directors and officers insurance policy providing equivalent coverage to that described in the preceding sentence for an aggregate price not to exceed a specified amount.

Certain Additional Covenants

        The merger agreement also contains additional covenants, including, among others, covenants relating to the filing of this joint proxy statement/prospectus, the listing of the shares of Umpqua common stock to be issued in the merger, access to information of the other company, coordination of dividends, the assumption by Umpqua of Sterling's trust preferred securities, reporting requirements under Section 16 of the Exchange Act and public announcements with respect to the transactions contemplated by the merger agreement.


Shareholder Meetings and Recommendation of Sterling's and Umpqua's Boards of Directors

        Each of Sterling and Umpqua has agreed to hold a meeting of its shareholders for the purpose of voting upon approval of the merger agreement as promptly as practicable. Each of Sterling and Umpqua has agreed to use its reasonable best efforts to obtain from its shareholders the vote required to approve the merger agreement and, in the case of Umpqua, the articles amendment, including by communicating to its shareholders its recommendation (and including such recommendation in this joint proxy statement/prospectus) that they approve the merger agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby. However, the board of directors of Sterling or Umpqua may (1) not recommend to its respective shareholders that they approve the merger agreement and, in the case of Umpqua, the articles amendment, (2) not include such recommendation in this joint proxy statement/prospectus and/or (3) otherwise withdraw or modify its recommendation in a manner adverse to the other party (each of which we refer to as a "change in board recommendation"), in each case in response to an intervening business event or a superior proposal event, if, after receiving the advice of its outside counsel, its board of directors determines in its good faith judgment that failure to effect a change in board recommendation would be inconsistent with its fiduciary duties under applicable law.

        For purposes of the merger agreement:

        Prior to making a change in board recommendation, both Umpqua and Sterling have agreed to give the other party three business days' written notice of its intention to effect a change in board

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recommendation, during which time the other party may propose adjustments to the terms and conditions of the merger agreement such that (1) there is no longer a need for a change in board recommendation, in the case of an intervening business event, or (2) the acquisition proposal no longer constitutes a superior proposal, in the case of a superior proposal event. In the case of a superior proposal event, any material amendment to the superior proposal will require a new notice period.

        Notwithstanding any change in recommendation by the board of directors of Sterling or Umpqua, each party is required to convene a meeting of its shareholders and to submit the merger agreement to a vote of such shareholders. If the board of directors of Sterling or Umpqua effects a change in board recommendation, then such board may submit the merger agreement without the board recommendation. Neither Sterling nor Umpqua may submit any other acquisition proposal or alternative transaction to its shareholders for a vote.

        Umpqua and Sterling must each adjourn or postpone its shareholder meeting if the other party reasonably determines in good faith that the required votes to approve the merger agreement (and, in the case of Umpqua, the articles amendment) are unlikely to be obtained and requests an adjournment or postponement for up to 45 days from the scheduled date of the shareholder meeting, although each party is only required to adjourn or postpone its meeting once. During such a period of adjournment or postponement, the parties will in good faith use reasonable best efforts to negotiate a restructuring of the transaction provided for in the merger agreement, but neither party will have any obligation to alter or change the amount or kind of merger consideration in a manner adverse to such party or its shareholders.


Agreement Not to Solicit Other Offers

        Each of Sterling and Umpqua has agreed that it will not, and will cause its subsidiaries and controlled affiliates not to, and will use its reasonable best efforts to cause each of its and their officers, directors, employees, agents and investment bankers, financial advisors, attorneys, accountants and other retained representatives or agents not to, directly or indirectly, (1) solicit, initiate, knowingly encourage or knowingly facilitate, or take any other action designed to facilitate, any inquiries or proposals regarding an acquisition proposal, (2) participate in any discussions or negotiations regarding an alternative transaction or acquisition proposal or (3) enter into any agreement regarding any alternative transaction or acquisition proposal.

        For purposes of the merger agreement:

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        However, in the event either Sterling or Umpqua, before shareholder approval of the merger agreement and, in the case of Umpqua, the articles amendment, receives an acquisition proposal (which is unsolicited and does not result from a breach of the non-solicitation provisions of the merger agreement) that its board of directors determines, in its good faith judgment after receiving the advice of outside counsel, constitutes or could reasonably be expected to result in, a superior proposal, it may, and may permit its representatives to, (1) furnish information with respect to it and its subsidiaries to the party making the acquisition proposal and its representatives and financing sources under the terms of a confidentiality agreement no less restrictive than the one between the parties and (2) participate in discussions and negotiations regarding the acquisition proposal, in each case to the extent the board of directors determines in its good faith judgment, after receiving the advice of outside counsel, that failure to take such action would be inconsistent with its fiduciary duties under applicable law.

        Each of Sterling and Umpqua has agreed to notify the other party within one business day of the receipt of an acquisition proposal or any material modification or amendment to an acquisition proposal, or a request for nonpublic information or access to properties, books or records by a person that has made or, to the party's knowledge is considering making, an acquisition proposal. The notice must indicate the person making or considering making the acquisition proposal or requesting information or access, along with the material terms of the acquisition proposal or modification or amendment thereto. Sterling and Umpqua will keep each other fully informed, on a current basis, of any material changes in the status and any material changes in the terms of such an acquisition proposal, indication or request.

        Each of Sterling and Umpqua has also agreed that it and its subsidiaries will immediately cease and cause to be terminated any existing discussions or negotiations with any person other than Sterling and Umpqua with respect to any of the above. In addition, each party has agreed not to, and to cause its subsidiaries not to, release any third party from, and to enforce, the confidentiality and standstill provisions of any agreement that it or its subsidiaries is party to as of the date of the merger agreement.


Conditions to Complete the Merger

        Umpqua's and Sterling's respective obligations to complete the merger are subject to the satisfaction or waiver of the following conditions:

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        Neither Sterling nor Umpqua can provide assurance as to when or if all of the conditions to the merger can or will be satisfied or waived by the appropriate party. As of the date of this joint proxy statement/prospectus, neither Sterling nor Umpqua has reason to believe that any of these conditions will not be satisfied.


Termination of the Merger Agreement

        The merger agreement can be terminated at any time prior to completion of the merger in the following circumstances:

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Effect of Termination

        If the merger agreement is terminated, it will become void and have no effect and neither party will have any liability in connection with the merger agreement or the transactions contemplated by the merger agreement, except that (1) both Umpqua and Sterling will remain liable for any liabilities or damages arising out of its willful, knowing and material breach of any provision of the merger agreement and (2) designated provisions of the merger agreement will survive the termination, including those relating to payment of fees and expenses and the confidential treatment of information.


Termination Fee

        Sterling will pay Umpqua a termination fee of $75 million if the merger agreement is terminated in the following circumstances:

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        Umpqua will pay Sterling a termination fee of $75 million if the merger agreement is terminated in the following circumstances (which are analogous to those described above):

        In the event the merger agreement is terminated under circumstances where the termination fee is paid in full to either Umpqua or Sterling, that party is precluded from any other remedy against the other party in connection with the merger agreement.

        For purposes of the merger agreement, a "pre-termination takeover proposal event" is deemed to occur if, prior to the event giving rise to a right to terminate the merger agreement, a bona fide acquisition proposal is made known to Sterling's board of directors or senior management or Umpqua's board of directors or senior management, as applicable, or made directly to Sterling's or Umpqua's shareholders or publicly announced, and the acquisition proposal is not withdrawn prior to the event giving rise to such termination.


Expenses and Fees

        All costs and expenses incurred in connection with the merger agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby will be paid by the party incurring such expense, except that the costs and expenses of printing and mailing this joint proxy statement/prospectus and all filing and other fees paid to the SEC in connection with the merger will be borne equally by Umpqua and Sterling.


Amendment, Waiver and Extension of the Merger Agreement

        Subject to compliance with applicable law, the merger agreement may be amended by the parties at any time before or after approval of the matters presented in connection with merger by the shareholders of Umpqua and Sterling, except that after approval of the merger agreement by the respective shareholders of Umpqua or Sterling, there may not be, without further approval of such

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shareholders, any amendment of the merger agreement that changes the amount or the form of the consideration to be delivered to holders of Sterling common stock or that otherwise requires further approval of such shareholders under applicable law.

        At any time prior to the completion of the merger, the parties may, to the extent legally allowed, extend the time for the performance of any of the obligations or other acts of the other party, waive any inaccuracies in the representations and warranties contained in the merger agreement or in any document delivered pursuant to the merger agreement, and waive compliance with any of the agreements or satisfaction of any conditions contained in the merger agreement, except that after approval of the merger agreement by the respective shareholders of Umpqua or Sterling, there may not be, without further approval of such shareholders, any extension or waiver of the merger agreement or any portion thereof that reduces the amount or changes the form of the consideration to be delivered to the holders of Sterling common stock or that otherwise requires further approval under applicable law.

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ACCOUNTING TREATMENT

        In accordance with current accounting guidance, the merger will be accounted for using the acquisition method. The result of this is that (1) the recorded assets and liabilities of Umpqua will be carried forward at their recorded amounts, (2) Umpqua historical operating results will be unchanged for the prior periods being reported on and (3) the assets and liabilities of Sterling will be adjusted to fair value at the date Umpqua assumes control of the combined entities (the "merger date"). In addition, all identifiable intangibles will be recorded at fair value and included as part of the net assets acquired. The amount by which the purchase price, consisting of the value of cash and shares of Umpqua common stock to be issued to former Sterling shareholders and shares of Umpqua common stock to be issued to former holders of Sterling stock options, warrants and restricted stock units, exceeds the fair value of the net assets including identifiable intangibles of Sterling at the merger date will be reported as goodwill. In accordance with current accounting guidance, goodwill is not amortized and will be evaluated for impairment at least annually. Identified intangibles will be amortized over their estimated lives. Further, the acquisition method of accounting results in the operating results of Sterling being included in the operating results of Umpqua from the merger date forward.

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UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES OF THE MERGER

        The following general discussion sets forth the anticipated material United States federal income tax consequences of the merger to U.S. holders (as defined below) of Sterling common stock that exchange their shares of Sterling common stock for shares of Umpqua common stock and cash in the merger. This discussion does not address any tax consequences arising under the laws of any state, local or foreign jurisdiction, or under any United States federal laws other than those pertaining to income tax. This discussion is based upon the Code, the regulations promulgated under the Code and court and administrative rulings and decisions, all as in effect on the date of this joint proxy statement/prospectus. These laws may change, possibly retroactively, and any change could affect the accuracy of the statements and conclusions set forth in this discussion.

        This discussion addresses only those Sterling common shareholders that hold their shares of Sterling common stock as a capital asset within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Code (generally, property held for investment). Further, this discussion does not address all aspects of United States federal income taxation that may be relevant to you in light of your particular circumstances or that may be applicable to you if you are subject to special treatment under the United States federal income tax laws, including if you are:

        In addition, the discussion does not address any alternative minimum tax or any state, local or foreign tax consequences of the merger, nor does it address any tax consequences arising under the unearned income Medicare contribution tax pursuant to the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010. Determining the actual tax consequences of the merger to you may be complex. They will depend on your specific situation and on factors that are not within the control of Sterling or Umpqua. You should consult with your own tax advisor as to the tax consequences of the merger in your particular circumstances.

        For purposes of this discussion, the term "U.S. holder" means a beneficial owner of Sterling common stock that is for United States federal income tax purposes (1) an individual citizen or resident of the United States, (2) a corporation, or entity treated as a corporation, organized in or under the laws of the United States or any state thereof or the District of Columbia, (3) a trust if (A) a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of

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the trust and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (B) such trust has made a valid election to be treated as a U.S. person for U.S. federal income tax purposes or (4) an estate, the income of which is includible in gross income for U.S. federal income tax purposes regardless of its source.

        The United States federal income tax consequences to a partner in an entity or arrangement that is treated as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes and that holds Sterling common stock generally will depend on the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. Partners in a partnership holding Sterling common stock should consult their own tax advisors.


Tax Consequences of the Merger Generally

        The parties intend for the merger to qualify as a "reorganization" within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code. It is a condition to Umpqua's obligation to complete the merger that Umpqua receive an opinion from Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz, dated the closing date of the merger, to the effect that the merger will qualify as a "reorganization" within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code. It is a condition to Sterling's obligation to complete the merger that Sterling receive an opinion from Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP, dated the closing date of the merger, to the effect that the merger will qualify as a "reorganization" within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code. In addition, in connection with the filing of the registration statement of which this document is a part, each of Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP and Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz has delivered an opinion to Sterling and Umpqua, respectively, to the same effect as the opinions described above. These opinions will be based on representation letters provided by Umpqua and Sterling and on customary factual assumptions. None of the opinions described above will be binding on the Internal Revenue Service. Umpqua and Sterling have not sought and will not seek any ruling from the Internal Revenue Service regarding any matters relating to the merger, and as a result, there can be no assurance that the Internal Revenue Service will not assert, or that a court would not sustain, a position contrary to any of the conclusions set forth below. In addition, if any of the representations or assumptions upon which those opinions are based are inconsistent with the actual facts, the United States federal income tax consequences of the merger could be adversely affected.

        Accordingly, and on the basis of the foregoing opinions, as a result of the merger qualifying as a "reorganization" within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code, upon exchanging your Sterling common stock for Umpqua common stock and cash, you generally will recognize gain (but not loss) in an amount equal to the lesser of (1) the amount of gain realized (i.e., the excess of the sum of the amount of cash (excluding any cash received in lieu of a fractional share) and the fair market value of the Umpqua common stock received pursuant to the merger over your adjusted tax basis in your shares of Sterling common stock surrendered) and (2) the amount of cash received pursuant to the merger (excluding any cash received in lieu of a fractional share). If you acquired different blocks of Sterling common stock at different times or different prices, you should consult your tax advisor regarding the manner in which gain or loss should be determined. Any recognized gain generally will be long-term capital gain if, as of the effective date of the merger, your holding period with respect to the Sterling common stock surrendered exceeds one year. If, however, the cash received has the effect of the distribution of a dividend, the gain will be treated as a dividend to the extent of the holder's ratable share of accumulated earnings and profits as calculated for United States federal income tax purposes.

        The aggregate tax basis in the shares of Umpqua common stock that you receive in the merger, including any fractional share interests deemed received and sold as described below, will equal your aggregate adjusted tax basis in the Sterling common stock you surrender, reduced by the amount of cash received (excluding any cash received in lieu of a fractional share) and increased by the amount of gain, if any, recognized by you (excluding any gain recognized with respect to cash received in lieu of a fractional share) on the exchange. Your holding period for the shares of Umpqua common stock that you receive in the merger (including a fractional share interest deemed received and sold as described

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below) will include your holding period for the shares of Sterling common stock that you surrender in the exchange.


Cash Instead of a Fractional Share

        If you receive cash instead of a fractional share of Umpqua common stock, you will be treated as having received the fractional share of Umpqua common stock pursuant to the merger and then as having sold that fractional share of Umpqua common stock for cash. As a result, you generally will recognize gain or loss equal to the difference between the amount of cash received and the basis allocable to your fractional share of Umpqua common stock. This gain or loss generally will be capital gain or loss, and will be long-term capital gain or loss if, as of the effective date of the merger, the holding period for the Sterling common stock surrendered therefor is greater than one year. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations.


Backup Withholding

        If you are a non-corporate holder of Sterling common stock you may be subject to information reporting and backup withholding (currently at a rate of 28%) on any cash payments you receive. You generally will not be subject to backup withholding, however, if you:

        Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules will generally be allowed as a refund or credit against your United States federal income tax liability, provided you timely furnish the required information to the Internal Revenue Service.

        This summary of material United States federal income tax consequences is for general information only and is not tax advice. You are urged to consult your tax advisor with respect to the application of United States federal income tax laws to your particular situation as well as any tax consequences arising under the United States federal estate or gift tax rules, or under the laws of any state, local, foreign or other taxing jurisdiction.

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DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK OF UMPQUA

        As a result of the merger, Sterling shareholders who receive shares of Umpqua common stock in the merger will become shareholders of Umpqua. Your rights as shareholder of Umpqua will be governed by Oregon law and the restated articles of incorporation and the bylaws of Umpqua. The following briefly summarizes the material terms of Umpqua common stock. We urge you to read the applicable provisions of the OBCA and Umpqua's restated articles of incorporation and bylaws. Copies of Umpqua's and Sterling's governing documents have been filed with the SEC. To find out where copies of these documents can be obtained, see "Where You Can Find More Information."


Authorized Capital Stock

        Umpqua's authorized capital stock consists of 200,000,000 shares of common stock, no par value per share and 4,000,000 shares of preferred stock, no par value per share. As of the record date, there were 112,001,584 shares of Umpqua common stock outstanding and no shares of Umpqua preferred stock outstanding. In connection with the merger, Umpqua's restated articles of incorporation will be amended at the effective time of the merger to increase the number of authorized shares of common stock to 400,000,000.


Common Stock

Listing

        Umpqua common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market and traded under the symbol "UMPQ." Following the merger, shares of Umpqua common stock will continue to be traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market.

Dividend Rights

        The OBCA allows an Oregon business corporation to make a distribution, including payment of dividends, only if, after giving effect to the distribution, in the judgment of the board of directors: (1) the corporation would be able to pay its debts as they become due in the usual course of business; and (2) the corporation's total assets would at least equal the sum of its total liabilities plus, unless the articles of incorporation permit otherwise, the amount that would be needed if the corporation were to be dissolved at the time of the distribution to satisfy the preferential rights upon dissolution of shareholders whose preferential rights are superior to those receiving the distribution.

        Payment of dividends is subject to determination and declaration by the Umpqua board of directors and depends on a number of factors, including capital requirements, legal, and regulatory limitations on the payment of dividends, the results of operations and financial condition, tax considerations and general economic conditions. The holders of Umpqua common stock will be entitled to receive and share equally in these dividends as they may be declared by the Umpqua board of directors out of funds legally available for such purpose.

Voting Rights

        Each share of Umpqua common stock is entitled to one vote on matters submitted to a vote of shareholders. A majority of the votes cast on a matter is sufficient to take action upon routine matters, while the affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding shares is required to approve a merger or dissolution or sale of all of Umpqua's assets. Directors are elected by a plurality of votes cast and holders of Umpqua common stock may not cumulate votes in the election of directors.

        In general, amendments to Umpqua's articles of incorporation must be approved by a number of votes cast in favor of the amendment that exceeds the number cast opposing the amendment. Amendments to Umpqua's articles of incorporation concerning (1) limitation of director liability,

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(2) indemnification of directors and (3) provisions related to the consideration of other constituencies when evaluating mergers, tender or exchange offers and similar proposals, however, currently require the approval of at least 75% of all votes entitled to be cast on the amendment.

Preemptive and Other Rights

        Holders of Umpqua common stock have no preemptive rights and have no other rights to subscribe for additional securities of Umpqua under Oregon law. Preemptive rights are the priority right to buy additional shares if Umpqua issues more shares in the future. Therefore, if additional shares are issued by Umpqua without the opportunity for existing shareholders to purchase more shares, a shareholder's ownership interest may be subject to dilution.

        For more information regarding the rights of holders of Umpqua common stock, see "Comparison of Shareholders' Rights."


Preferred Stock

        Umpqua's articles of incorporation authorize Umpqua's board of directors, without further shareholder action, to issue up to 4,000,000 shares of preferred stock, no par value per share, in series and to fix the designation, powers, preferences, and rights of the shares of such series and any qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof. As of the date of this joint proxy statement/prospectus, there are no shares of Umpqua preferred stock outstanding.

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COMPARISON OF SHAREHOLDERS' RIGHTS

        If the merger is completed, holders of Sterling common stock will receive shares of Umpqua common stock in exchange for their shares of Sterling common stock. Umpqua is organized under the laws of the State of Oregon and Sterling is organized under the laws of the State of Washington. The following is a summary of the material differences between (1) the current rights of Sterling shareholders under the WBCA and Sterling's articles of incorporation and bylaws and (2) the current rights of Umpqua shareholders under the OBCA and Umpqua's articles of incorporation and bylaws.

        Umpqua and Sterling believe that this summary describes the material differences between the rights of holders of Umpqua common stock as of the date of this joint proxy statement/prospectus and the rights of holders of Sterling common stock as of the date of this joint proxy statement/prospectus; however, it does not purport to be a complete description of those differences. Copies of Umpqua's and Sterling's governing documents have been filed with the SEC. To find out where copies of these documents can be obtained, see "Where You Can Find More Information."

UMPQUA   STERLING
AUTHORIZED CAPITAL STOCK

Umpqua's restated articles of incorporation authorize it to issue up to 200,000,000 shares of common stock, no par value per share, and 4,000,000 shares of preferred stock, no par value per share. As of the record date for the Umpqua special meeting, there were 112,001,584 shares of Umpqua common stock outstanding, and no shares of Umpqua preferred stock outstanding. In connection with the merger, Umpqua's articles of incorporation will be amended to increase the number of authorized shares of common stock to 400,000,000.

 

Sterling's articles of incorporation, as amended, authorize it to issue up to 151,515,151 shares of common stock, no par value per share, and 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, no par value per share. As of the record date for the Sterling special meeting, there were 62,363,741 shares of Sterling common stock outstanding, and no shares of Sterling preferred stock outstanding.

VOTING LIMITATIONS

See "Anti-Takeover Provisions and Other Shareholder Protections" below for a description of the Oregon Control Share Act, under which shareholders are prohibited from voting shares of stock acquired in certain transactions not approved by the board that cause the acquiring person to gain control of a voting position in excess of certain ownership thresholds.

 

See "Anti-Takeover Provisions and Other Shareholder Protections" below.

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SIZE OF BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Umpqua's articles of incorporation currently provide that Umpqua's board of directors shall consist of not less than six and not more than 19 directors, as determined from time to time by resolution of a majority of the whole board of directors. Umpqua's board of directors currently has 11 directors.

On September 11, 2013, Umpqua entered into an investment letter agreement with each of Warburg Pincus and THL (as holders of Sterling preferred stock prior to the merger), pursuant to which Warburg Pincus and THL will each have the right to designate one individual to the board of directors of the surviving company following the merger until their respective ownership of common stock of the surviving corporation falls below 4.9% of the shares outstanding.

Under the merger agreement, at the effective time, up to four former directors of Sterling (less the number of directors designated pursuant to the investment letter agreements, as described above) will be designated to the board of directors of the surviving corporation. Umpqua and Sterling have agreed that the surviving corporation will nominate these directors for re-election at each annual meeting of the surviving corporation held before the 2016 annual meeting.

 

Sterling's bylaws allow the directors to set the size of the board of directors. The Sterling board currently consists of 13 directors.

Sterling is party to the Investment Agreement dated May 25, 2010, as amended, with Warburg Pincus, and the Second Amended and Restated Investment Agreement dated May 25, 2010, as amended, with THL, pursuant to which Warburg Pincus and THL each have the right to designate one individual to the Sterling board of directors until their respective ownership of common stock of Sterling falls below 4.9% of the shares.

CLASSES OF DIRECTORS

Umpqua's board of directors is not classified; all directors are elected annually.

 

Sterling's board of directors is not classified; all directors are elected annually.

ELECTION OF DIRECTORS

At each Umpqua annual meeting, directors are elected by a plurality of the votes cast by the shares entitled to vote in the election.

 

Sterling directors are elected if the votes cast for a nominee's election exceed the votes cast against such nominee's election. Directors are elected by a plurality of the votes cast in the event of a contested election. A nominee for director in an election that is not contested who does not receive a majority of votes cast for election, but who was a director at the time of the election, shall continue to serve as a director for 90 days, until the board selects an individual to fill the vacancy created by such director, or until such director's resignation.

REMOVAL OF DIRECTORS

Directors may be removed at any time, with or without cause, only by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of outstanding shares entitled to elect such director, at a meeting called for that purpose.

 

Directors may be removed at any time, with or without cause, only by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of outstanding shares entitled to elect such director, at a meeting called for that purpose.

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FILLING VACANCIES ON THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Under Umpqua's articles of incorporation and bylaws, vacancies on the board of directors are filled by the affirmative vote of the majority of all directors remaining in office.

 

Under Sterling's bylaws, vacancies on the board of directors are filled by the affirmative vote of the majority of all directors remaining in office. Under the WBCA, shareholders entitled to vote on a director position may also fill a vacancy. A director filling a vacancy will serve until the next shareholder meeting in which a successor is elected.

SPECIAL MEETINGS OF SHAREHOLDERS

Special meetings of shareholders may be called at any time by the Chief Executive Officer or the board of directors, or on demand in writing by shareholders of record holding shares with at least 10% of the votes entitled to be cast on any matter proposed to be considered at the special meeting.

 

Special meetings of the shareholders may be called by the chairman or the board of directors, or by the chairman at the request of shareholders holding at least 10% of all outstanding shares entitled to vote on any issue proposed to be considered at the meeting.

QUORUM

Under Umpqua's bylaws, a majority of the shares entitled to vote on a matter, represented in person or by proxies, will constitute a quorum with respect to that matter at any meeting of shareholders.

 

Unless the articles of incorporation or applicable law provide otherwise, under Sterling's bylaws, a majority of the outstanding shares of the corporation entitled to vote, represented in person or by proxy, will constitute a quorum at a meeting of shareholders.

NOTICE OF SHAREHOLDER MEETINGS

Umpqua's bylaws provide that written notice stating the place, date and time of the meeting, and, in the case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called, must be delivered not less than ten nor more than sixty days before the date of the meeting, either personally or by mail, by or at the direction of the President or the Secretary, to each shareholder of record entitled to vote at such meeting.

 

Sterling's bylaws provide that written notice of an annual or special meeting of shareholders, stating the place, day, and hour of the meeting and, in the case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called, must be delivered by the Secretary or other authorized person to each shareholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting, in accordance with the WBCA, not fewer than ten nor more than sixty days before the date of the meeting.

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ADVANCE NOTICE OF SHAREHOLDER PROPOSALS AND NOMINATIONS

Umpqua's bylaws establish an advance notice procedure with regard to nominations and other business proposals to be brought before Umpqua's annual meeting. For proposals to be properly brought, a shareholder's notice must be delivered to or mailed and received at Umpqua's principal executive offices not later than the close of business 90 calendar days before the calendar date of the proxy statement released to shareholders in connection with the previous year's annual meeting.

A shareholder's notice must set forth (1) a brief description of each matter desired to be brought before the annual meeting and the reason for conducting such business at the meeting, (2) the name and address of the shareholder proposing such business, (3) the class and number of shares of stock of the corporation which are beneficially owned by the proposing shareholder, (4) any material interest of the shareholder in the business, and (5) as for each person whom the shareholder proposes to nominate for election or reelection as a director (a) the name, age, business address, and residence address of such person, (b) the principal occupation or employment of such person, (c) the class and number or shares stock of the corporation which are beneficially owned by such person, (d) the proposed nominee's written consent, and (e) any other information relating to such person that is required to be disclosed or is otherwise required by any applicable law.

 

Sterling's bylaws establish an advance notice procedure that a shareholder must follow to bring any item of business before Sterling's annual meeting. To be timely, a shareholder's notice must be delivered to the Secretary of the corporation at the principal executive office of the corporation not less than 120 days prior to the anniversary date of Sterling's proxy statement released in connection with the previous year's annual meeting, provided that in the event that the annual meeting is called for a date that is not within 30 days before or after the anniversary date of the previous year's annual meeting, notice by the shareholder must be received no later than the close of business on the tenth day following the day on which notice of the date of the annual meeting was mailed or public disclosure of the date of the annual meeting was made, whichever first occurs.

A shareholder's notice must contain (1) a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the annual meeting and the reasons for conducting such business at the annual meeting, (2) the name and address of the shareholder, (3) the class or series and number of shares of Sterling capital stock that are owned beneficially or of record by the shareholder, (4) a description of all arrangements or understandings between the shareholder and any other person or persons (including their names) in connection with the proposal of such business by the shareholder and any material interest of the shareholder in such business, and (5) a representation that the shareholder intends to appear in person or by proxy at the annual meeting to bring such business before the meeting.

 

 

For each person that shareholder intends to nominate for election as a director, the shareholder must further specify (1) the name, age, business and residence address of such person, (2) the principal occupation or employment of such person, (3) the class or series and number of shares of Sterling capital stock that are owned beneficially or of record by the person being nominated, and (4) any other information relating to the person that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with the solicitation of proxies for election of directors pursuant to Section 14 of the Exchange Act. The shareholder must also specify, as to such shareholder, any information relating to such shareholder that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with the solicitation of proxies for election of directors pursuant to Section 14 of the Exchange Act. Finally, the shareholder must submit a written consent from each proposed nominee to being named as nominee and to serve as a director if elected.

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VOTING RIGHTS ON MERGERS, SALES OF ASSETS

In addition to the provisions described below in "Anti-Takeover Provisions and Other Shareholder Protections," the OBCA requires that a plan of merger be approved by a majority of votes entitled to be cast by shareholders.

 

In addition to the provisions described below in "Anti-Takeover Provisions and Other Shareholder Protections," the WBCA requires that two-thirds of shareholders approve a merger or other significant transaction.

ANTI-TAKEOVER PROVISIONS AND OTHER SHAREHOLDER PROTECTIONS

The Oregon Control Share Act, codified at Sections 60.801 through 60.816 of the OBCA, restricts a shareholder's ability to vote shares of stock acquired in certain transactions not approved by the board that cause the acquiring person to gain control of a voting position exceeding one-fifth, one-third, or one-half of the votes entitled to be cast in an election of directors. Shares acquired in a control share acquisition have no voting rights except as authorized by a vote of the shareholders. If the acquiror's control shares are allowed to have voting rights and represent a majority or more of all voting power, shareholders who do not vote in favor of voting rights for the control shares will have the right to receive the appraised fair value of their shares, which may not be less than the highest price paid per share by the acquiror for the control shares.

In addition, the OBCA prohibits, except under certain circumstances, a "business combination" (defined broadly to include mergers or consolidations, certain sales, sales of assets, liquidation or dissolution, and other specified transactions) between a corporation and an "interested shareholder" (defined generally as a person or group that directly or indirectly controls, or has the right to control, the voting or disposition of 15% or more of outstanding voting stock) within three years of the shareholder becoming an interested shareholder.

A business combination between a corporation and an interested shareholder is prohibited unless (1) prior to the date the person became an interested shareholder, the board of directors approved either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the person becoming an interested shareholder, (2) upon consummation of the transaction that resulted in the person becoming an interested shareholder, that person owns at least 85% of the corporation's voting stock outstanding at the time the transaction is commenced (excluding shares owned by persons who are both directors and officers and shares owned by employee stock plans in which participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer), or (iii) the business combination is approved by the board of directors and authorized by the affirmative vote (at an annual or special meeting and not by written consent) of at least 662/3% of the outstanding voting stock not owned by the interested shareholder.

 

Chapter 23B.19 of the WBCA prohibits a "target corporation" from engaging in certain significant business transactions with an acquiring person that owns 10% or more of the voting securities of the target corporation for a period of five years after the acquisition of the 10% or more of such securities, unless the transaction or the share acquisition is approved by a majority of the target corporation's directors before the date of the transaction or share acquisition. The prohibited transactions include, among others, a merger, consolidation, share exchange, sale, or other transaction with the acquiring person. After the five-year period in which significant business transactions are prohibited, the transaction may occur subject to certain criteria.

Corporations that qualify as target corporations include, among others, all publicly traded domestic corporations as well as foreign corporations that are required to have a certificate of authority to transact business in Washington if (1) the corporation has a class of voting shares registered with the SEC pursuant to Section 12 or 15 of the Exchange Act, (2) its principal executive office is located in Washington, (3) it has (a) more than 10% of its shareholders of record resident in Washington, (b) more than 10% of its shares owned by Washington residents, or (c) 1,000 or more shareholders of record in Washington, (4) a majority of its employees, together with those of its subsidiaries, are Washington residents or it, together with its subsidiaries, employs more than 1,000 Washington residents, and (5) a majority of the corporation's tangible assets, together with those of its subsidiaries, are located in Washington or the corporation, together with its subsidiaries, has more than $50 million of tangible assets in Washington. A corporation that does not qualify as a target corporation will be deemed such if the failure to satisfy the criteria listed above is caused by or the result of a proposal by the acquiring person or an affiliate.

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Umpqua has not opted out of these provisions of the OBCA.    

As permitted by Oregon law, Umpqua's restated articles of incorporation contain a constituency provision providing that, in evaluating certain transactions, the Umpqua board of directors may consider the effect on employees, customers, suppliers and communities as well as the interests of shareholders.

 

Washington law does not contain a provision similar to the constituency provision found in Oregon law.

LIMITATION OF PERSONAL LIABILITY OF OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS

The OBCA provides that a corporation may limit or eliminate the personal liability of a director to the corporation or its shareholders for monetary damages for conduct as a director, provided that no such provision shall eliminate the liability of a director for (1) any breach of the directors' duty of loyalty to the corporation or its shareholders; (2) acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law; (3) any unlawful distribution; or (4) any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit.

Umpqua's restated articles of incorporation provide that, to the fullest extent permissible by law, no director shall be personally liable to the company or its shareholders for monetary damages.

 

The WBCA provides that a corporation may limit the personal liability of a director to the corporation or its shareholders for monetary damages for conduct as a director, provided that such provisions may not eliminate or limit the liability of a director for intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, for unlawful distributions, or for any transaction from which the director would personally receive a benefit to which the director is not legally entitled.

Sterling's articles of incorporation and bylaws provide that a director of the corporation will not be personally liable to the corporation or its shareholders for monetary damages subject to the exceptions listed above. If the WBCA is amended to authorize corporate action further eliminating or limiting personal liability of directors, then the liability of a director of Sterling will be amended to reflect such further limitations.

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INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS AND INSURANCE

Under the OBCA, a corporation may indemnify a director for actions taken in good faith and which the individual reasonably believed to be in the best interests of the corporation. In the case of a criminal proceeding, the individual must not have had any reasonable cause to believe the conduct was unlawful. A director may not be indemnified in connection with a proceeding by or in the right of the corporation in which the director was found liable to the corporation, or a proceeding in which the director was found to have improperly received a personal benefit. The OBCA provides for mandatory indemnification of officers and directors for reasonable expenses incurred when the indemnified party is wholly successful in the defense of the proceeding. A corporation may indemnify officers to the same extent as directors.

Umpqua's restated articles of incorporation grant an indemnification right to any person who was or is a party to or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding (other than an action by or in the right of the company, discussed below) by reason of or arising from the fact that the person is or was a director or officer of Umpqua or one of its subsidiaries, or is or was serving at the request of Umpqua as a director, officer, partner, or trustee of another enterprise, against reasonable expenses (including attorney's fees), judgments, fines, penalties, excise taxes assessed with respect to any employee benefit plan and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by the person to be indemnified in connection with such action, suit or proceeding if the person acted in good faith, did not engage in intentional misconduct, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, did not know the conduct was unlawful.

In the case of an action by or in the right of the company, Umpqua's restated articles of incorporation grant an indemnification right to the persons described above against reasonable expenses, but indemnification is not available where the person is found liable for deliberate misconduct, where the person received an improper personal benefit, for breach of duty of loyalty, or for any distribution to shareholders unlawful under the OBCA (unless and to the extent that the court finds indemnification nonetheless proper under the circumstances).

Umpqua's restated articles of incorporation also provide that the company may advance expenses to such person prior to the final disposition of the proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking to repay the expenses if later determined that they are not entitled to indemnification.

 

Under the WBCA, a corporation may indemnify a director for actions taken in good faith and which the director reasonably believed (1) to be in the best interests of the corporation or, (2) if acting outside of such director's official capacity, to be not opposed to the corporation's best interests. In the case of a criminal proceeding, the director must have had no reasonable cause to believe the conduct was unlawful. A director may not be indemnified in connection with a proceeding by or in the right of the corporation in which the director was adjudged liable to the corporation or in connection with any other proceeding in which the director was found to have improperly received personal benefit. The WBCA provides for mandatory indemnification of directors and officers for reasonable expenses incurred when the indemnified party is wholly successful in the defense of the proceeding. A corporation may indemnify officers to the same extent as directors.

Sterling's articles of incorporation and bylaws grant an indemnification or reimbursement right to directors and officers for reasonable expenses actually incurred in connection with any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, to which such person is made a party or threatened to be made a party by reason of such person's having been a director, officer, employee or agent of Sterling or otherwise serving in such capacity at the request of Sterling, provided that no indemnification or reimbursement will be available (1) if such person is finally adjudged to have been guilty or liable for gross negligence, willful misconduct, or criminal acts in the performance of such person's duties for Sterling or (2) in the event of a compromise settlement, except with the approval of (a) a court of competent jurisdiction, (b) holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Sterling, or (c) a majority of the board of directors not party to the same or substantially the same action, suit or proceeding. Sterling may indemnify or reimburse persons other than officers and directors.

A person's right to indemnification or reimbursement includes such person's heirs, legal representatives, executors, and administrators, Sterling will pay expenses incurred in defending a civil or criminal action, suit or proceeding whether or not such a majority constitutes a quorum. The director, officer, employee or agent must repay any indemnified amount if it is ultimately determined that such person is not entitled to indemnification as authorized by Sterling's articles of incorporation and bylaws. These indemnification or reimbursement rights are not exclusive of other rights to which such person or such person's heirs, executors or administrators may be entitled as a matter of law.

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AMENDMENTS TO ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION AND BYLAWS

Under Oregon law, an amendment to the articles of incorporation is generally approved if, upon approval by the board of directors and referral to the shareholders, a quorum exists and the votes cast favoring the amendment exceed the votes cast opposing the amendment, unless the amendment would create dissenters' rights, in which case a majority of the votes entitled to be cast is required for approval. Umpqua's articles of incorporation impose a supermajority voting requirement of 75% of votes entitled to be cast to amend the provisions of its articles of incorporation governing director liability, indemnification or consideration of constituencies in the context of mergers and other transactions.

Under Oregon law, a corporation's board of directors may amend or repeal the corporation's bylaws unless the corporation's articles of incorporation or Oregon law reserves the power to amend the bylaws exclusively to the shareholders in whole or in part, or the shareholders, in amending or repealing a particular bylaw, provide expressly that the board of directors may not amend or repeal that bylaw. A corporation's shareholders may also amend or repeal the bylaws.

Umpqua's bylaws grant the board of directors the power to amend or repeal the bylaws, subject to amendment or repeal by action of the shareholders, at any regular meeting or any special meeting called for that purpose, provided notice of the proposed change is given in the notice of the meeting or waived in writing.

 

Under Washington law, an amendment to the articles of incorporation of a public company is generally approved if, upon approval by the board of directors and recommendation to the shareholders, a majority of the shareholders entitled to vote on the amendment (voting separately by class) approve the amendment. Separate voting by class is required under certain circumstances.

Sterling's bylaws may be amended, altered, or repealed and new bylaws may be adopted by the affirmative vote of a majority of the full board of directors, subject to the WBCA. Shareholders may also amend, repeal, or adopt new bylaws under the WBCA.

Unless the articles of incorporation of a public corporation prohibit the adoption of a bylaw governing the election of directors under the WBCA, the shareholders may adopt specific director election procedures pursuant to the WBCA. Such bylaws that were originally adopted by shareholders and that do not provide otherwise may only be repealed or amended by the shareholders. Further, any bylaw fixing a greater quorum or voting requirement that was adopted by the shareholders may only be amended or repealed by the shareholders. If these bylaws were originally adopted by the board of directors, then they may be amended or repealed by either the board of directors or the shareholders.

ACTION BY WRITTEN CONSENT OF THE SHAREHOLDERS

Under Umpqua's bylaws, any action required or permitted to be taken at a meeting of shareholders may be taken without a meeting by written consent of all shareholders entitled to vote on the action.

 

The WBCA permits any action required or permitted to be taken at a meeting of the shareholders to be taken without a meeting by written consent of all shareholders entitled to vote on the action.

SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS PLAN

Umpqua does not currently have a shareholder rights plan in effect.

 

Sterling had a shareholder rights plan in effect as of April 14, 2010, but the plan expired on August 26, 2013. Sterling's articles of incorporation also include a protective provision that expired on August 26, 2013 that restricted transfers of Sterling common stock and discouraged shareholders from increasing their shareholdings to 5% or more of Sterling's common stock.

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UMPQUA   STERLING

DISSENTERS' RIGHTS

Under the OBCA, unless the articles of incorporation provide otherwise (and Umpqua articles do not so provide otherwise), dissenters' rights do not apply to the holders of shares of any class or series if the shares were registered on a national securities exchange on the record date for the meeting of shareholders at which the corporate action giving rise to dissenters' rights is to be approved or, in certain cases, on the effective date of the merger. Subject to the foregoing, in the event dissenters' rights were to apply, a shareholder is entitled to dissent from, and obtain payment of the fair value of the shareholder's shares only in the event of, any of the following corporate acts: (1)  consummation of a plan of merger to which the corporation is a party if shareholder approval is required and the shareholder is entitled to vote on the merger or if the corporation is a subsidiary that is merged with its parent; (2)  consummation of a plan of share exchange to which the corporation is a party as the corporation whose shares will be acquired, if the shareholder is entitled to vote on the plan; (3) consummation of a sale or exchange of all or substantially all of the property of the corporation other than in the usual and regular course of business if the shareholder is entitled to vote on the sale or exchange, including a sale in dissolution, unless the sale is pursuant to a court order or a sale for cash pursuant to a plan by which all or substantially all of the net proceeds will be distributed to shareholders within one year; (4) an amendment of the articles of incorporation that materially and adversely affects rights in respect of a dissenter's shares because it (a) alters or abolishes a preemptive right of the holder of the shares to acquire shares or other securities or (b) reduces the number of shares owned by the shareholder to a fraction of a share if the fractional share so created is to be acquired for cash under Oregon law; (5) any corporate action taken pursuant to a shareholder vote to the extent the articles of incorporation, bylaws or a resolution of the board of directors provides that voting or nonvoting shareholders are entitled to dissent and obtain payment for their shares, or (6) conversion to a noncorporate business entity.

 

Under the WBCA, there is no exemption for public companies in the application of dissenters' rights.

Shareholders have the right to payment in cash for the fair value of their shares of common stock, together with interest, in the event of the following corporate acts: (1) consummation of a plan of merger to which the corporation is a party if shareholder approval was required and the shareholder was entitled to vote on the merger or the corporation was a subsidiary that is merged with its parent; (2) consummation of a plan of share exchange to which the corporation is a party as the corporation whose shares are acquired, if the shareholder was entitled to vote on the plan; (3) consummation of a sale or exchange of all or substantially all of the property of the corporation other than in the usual and regular course of business if the shareholder was entitled to vote on the sale or exchange, including a sale in dissolution, unless the sale is pursuant to a court order or a sale for cash pursuant to a plan by which all or substantially all of the net proceeds will be distributed to the shareholders within one year; (4) an amendment of the articles of incorporation that effects a redemption or cancellation of all of the shareholder's shares in exchange for cash or other consideration; (5) the election to become or to cease to be a social purpose corporation if shareholder approval was required; (6) any corporate action approved by a shareholder vote to the extent the articles of incorporation, bylaws, or the board of directors provides that voting or nonvoting shareholders are entitled to dissent and receive payment for their shares.

See the section entitled "Dissenter's Rights in the Merger" for more information.

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COMPARATIVE MARKET PRICES AND DIVIDENDS

        Umpqua common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Global Select market under the symbol "UMPQ," and Sterling common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol "STSA." The following table sets forth the high and low reported closing sale prices per share of Umpqua common stock and Sterling common stock, and the cash dividends declared per share for the periods indicated.

 
  Umpqua Common Stock   Sterling Common Stock  
 
  High   Low   Dividend   High   Low   Dividend  

2012

                                     

First Quarter

    13.74     11.75     0.07     21.81     16.93     0.00  

Second Quarter

    13.65     11.89     0.09     20.86     17.50     0.00  

Third Quarter

    13.81     11.89     0.09     22.78     18.94     0.15  

Fourth Quarter

    12.74     11.33     0.09     22.98     20.00     0.65  

2013

                                     

First Quarter

    13.52     12.38     0.10     22.39     20.74     0.00  

Second Quarter

    15.20     11.75     0.20     23.78     20.64     0.55  

Third Quarter

    17.45     15.25     0.15     28.96     23.94     0.20  

Fourth Quarter

    19.44     16.13     0.15     34.45     28.45     0.20  

2014

                                     

First Quarter (through January 17, 2014)

    18.95     18.40     0.00     33.86     32.93     0.00  

        On August 30, 2013, the last trading day before the press reported that Sterling was seeking takeover bids, the closing sale price of shares of Umpqua common stock as reported on the NASDAQ Global Select Market was $16.24. On September 10, 2013, the last full trading day before the public announcement of the merger agreement, the closing sale price of shares of Umpqua common stock as reported on the NASDAQ Global Select Market was $17.19. On January 17, 2014, the last practicable trading day before the date of this joint proxy statement/prospectus, the closing sale price of shares of Umpqua common stock as reported on the NASDAQ Global Select Market was $18.40.

        On August 30, 2013, the last trading day before the press reported that Sterling was seeking takeover bids, the closing sale price of shares of Sterling common stock as reported on the NASDAQ Capital Market was $24.20. On September 10, 2013, the last full trading day before the public announcement of the merger agreement, the closing sale price of shares of Sterling common stock as reported on the NASDAQ Capital Market was $27.14. On January 17, 2014, the last practicable trading day before the date of this joint proxy statement/prospectus, the closing sale price of shares of Sterling common stock as reported on the NASDAQ Capital Market was $32.93.

        As of January 15, 2014, the last date prior to printing this joint proxy statement/prospectus for which it was practicable to obtain this information for Umpqua and Sterling, respectively, there were approximately 4,296 registered holders of Umpqua common stock and approximately 1,237 registered holders of Sterling common stock.

        The following table shows the closing sale prices of Umpqua common stock and Sterling common stock as reported on the NASDAQ Global Select Market and NASDAQ Capital Market, respectively, on September 10, 2013, the last full trading day before the public announcement of the merger agreement, and on January 17, 2014, the last practicable trading day before the date of this joint proxy statement/prospectus. The table also shows the implied value of the merger consideration payable for

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each share of Sterling common stock, which we calculated by multiplying the closing price of Umpqua common stock on those dates by the exchange ratio of 1.671 and adding $2.18.

 
  Umpqua
Common Stock
  Sterling
Common Stock
  Implied Value of Merger
Consideration for
One Share of Sterling
Common Stock
 

August 30, 2013

  $ 16.24   $ 24.20   $ 29.32  

At September 10, 2013

  $ 17.19   $ 27.14   $ 30.90  

At January 17, 2014

  $ 18.40   $ 32.93   $ 32.93  

        Umpqua and Sterling shareholders are advised to obtain current market quotations for Umpqua common stock and Sterling common stock. The market price of Umpqua common stock and Sterling common stock will fluctuate between the date of this joint proxy statement/prospectus and the date of completion of the merger. No assurance can be given concerning the market price of Umpqua common stock or Sterling common stock before or after the effective date of the merger. Changes in the market price of Umpqua common stock prior to the completion of the merger will affect the market value of the merger consideration that Sterling shareholders will receive upon completion of the merger.

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SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF STERLING DIRECTORS, NAMED EXECUTIVE
OFFICERS AND CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS OF STERLING

        The following table sets forth, as of January 15, 2014, holdings of Sterling's common shares by each present Sterling director and executive officer and by all directors and executive officers as a group based on 62,363,741 common shares outstanding as of January 15, 2014. The common shares are traded on the NASDAQ Capital Market and the closing price on January 15, 2014 was $33.10 per share.

Name of Beneficial Owner
  Shares of
Common Stock
Beneficially
Owned(1)
   
  Percent of
Common
Stock(2)
 

Beneficial Owners of More than 5%

                 

Funds affiliated with Thomas H. Lee Partners, L.P. 

   
14,404,768
 
(3)
   
22.57
 

100 Federal Street, 35th Floor

                 

Boston, MA 02110

                 

Warburg Pincus Private Equity X, L.P. 

   
14,404,763
 
(4)(5)
   
22.57
 

c/o Warburg Pincus LLC

                 

450 Lexington Avenue

                 

New York, NY 10017

                 

Wellington Management Company, LLP. 

   
3,538,192
 
(6)
   
5.67
 

280 Congress Street

                 

Boston, MA 02210

                 

Directors and Executive Officers

                 

Howard P. Behar

    55,373         *  

Leslie S. Biller

    600,826   (7)     *  

Paula E. Boggs

    0          

Ellen R.M. Boyer

    5,526         *  

Joshua D. Bresler

    14,404,768   (3)(9)     22.57  

Robert G. Butterfield

    3,905   (8)     *  

David A. Coulter

    14,404,763   (4)(5)(9)     22.57  

David S. DePillo

    243,699   (10)     *  

Robert C. Donegan

    6,436   (11)     *  

Ezra A. Eckhardt

    78,576   (12)     *  

C. Webb Edwards

    5,373         *  

William L. Eisenhart

    15,702   (13)     *  

Robert H. Hartheimer

    28,103         *  

Steven D. Hauschild

    13,023   (14)     *  

Maria M. Pope

    0          

Michael F. Reuling

    7,769   (15)     *  

Patrick J. Rusnak

    7,069   (16)     *  

Andrew J. Schultheis

    5,361         *  

J. Gregory Seibly

    66,759   (17)     *  
                 

All Directors and Executive Officers as a Group (19 persons)

    29,953,031         46.98  
                 

*
Less than 1%

(1)
In accordance with Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act, a person is deemed to be the beneficial owner, for purposes of this table, of any shares of Sterling common stock over which he or she has

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(2)
Based on shares outstanding at January 15, 2014 of 62,363,741.

(3)
Shares listed as owned by THL are owned of record by Thomas H. Lee Equity Fund VI, L.P., Thomas H. Lee Parallel Fund VI, L.P., Thomas H. Lee Parallel (DT) Fund VI, L.P., THL Sterling Equity Investors L.P. (the "THL Funds"), and THL Managers VI, LLC. Thomas H. Lee Equity Fund VI, L.P. is the holder of 7,134,979 shares of common stock and a portion of the Anchor Investor Warrant exercisable for 1,451,283 shares of common stock. Thomas H. Lee Parallel Fund VI, L.P. is the holder of 4,831,433 shares of common stock and a portion of the Anchor Investor Warrant exercisable for 1,451,283 shares of common stock. Thomas H. Lee Parallel (DT) Fund VI, L.P. is the holder of 843,956 shares of common stock and a portion of the Anchor Investor Warrant exercisable for 1,451,283 shares of common stock. THL Sterling Equity Investors, L.P. is the holder of 137,744 shares of common stock and a portion of the Anchor Investor Warrant exercisable for 1,451,283 shares of common stock. THL Managers VI, LLC is the holder of 5,373 shares of common stock. The general partner of the THL Funds is THL Equity Advisors VI, LLC. The sole member of THL Equity Advisors VI, LLC is Thomas H. Lee Partners, L.P., whose general partner is Thomas H. Lee Advisors, LLC, whose managing member is THL Holdco, LLC. Voting and investment determinations with respect to the shares held by the THL Funds are made by the management committee of THL Holdco, LLC. Anthony J. DiNovi and Scott M. Sperling are the members of the management committee of THL Holdco, LLC, and as such may be deemed to share beneficial ownership of the shares held or controlled by the THL Funds. Each of Messrs. DiNovi and Sperling disclaims beneficial ownership of such securities. The address of each of Messrs. DiNovi and Sperling is c/o Thomas H. Lee Partners, L.P., 100 Federal Street, 35th Floor, Boston, Massachusetts 02110.

(4)
Warburg Pincus Private Equity X, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership ("WPX") and Warburg Pincus X Partners, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership ("WP X Partners" and together with WP X, the "WP X Funds") are the holders of 12,948,107 shares of common stock and the Anchor Investor Warrant exercisable for 1,451,283 shares of common stock. Warburg Pincus X, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership ("WP X LP"), is the general partner of the WP X Funds; Warburg Pincus X, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company ("WP X LLC") is the general partner of WP X LP; Warburg Pincus Partners, LLC, a New York limited liability company ("WP Partners") is the sole member of WP X LLC and Warburg Pincus & Co., a New York general partnership ("WP") is the managing member of WP Partners. Warburg Pincus LLC, a New York limited liability company ("WP LLC") manages the WP X Funds. Messrs. Charles R. Kaye and Joseph P. Landy are each a Managing General Partner of WP and Managing Member and Co-President of WP LLC and may be deemed to control the Warburg Pincus entities. The address of the Warburg Pincus entities is 450 Lexington Avenue, New York, New York 10017.

(5)
Under applicable securities laws, as a Partner of WP and a Member and Vice Chairman of WP LLC, Mr. David A. Coulter may be deemed to be the beneficial owner of the common stock and the Anchor Investor Warrant held by the WP X Funds, and shares listed as owned by the WP X Funds include 5,373 shares issued to Mr. Coulter in his individual capacity. See note (9) below.

(6)
Beneficial ownership of Wellington Management Company, LLP is based on its Form 13F filed with the SEC on November 14, 2013, with respect to holdings as of September 30, 2013.

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(7)
The Les and Sheri Biller Revocable Trust holds 600,826 shares. Includes 70,522 shares issuable pursuant to stock options exercisable within 60 days of January 15, 2014.

(8)
Includes 137 shares issuable pursuant to stock options exercisable within 60 days of January 15, 2014, and 168 shares held as of December 31, 2013 for Mr. Butterfield's individual account under the 401(k) Plan.

(9)
Under applicable securities laws, Mr. Bresler & Mr. Coulter disclaim beneficial ownership of the common stock and the Anchor Investor Warrant, except to the extent of their respective pecuniary interest in such common stock or Anchor Investor Warrant.

(10)
Includes 41 shares held as of December 31, 2013 for Mr. DePillo's individual account under the 401(k) Plan.

(11)
Includes 31 shares issuable pursuant to stock options exercisable within 60 days of January 15, 2014.

(12)
Includes 13,340 shares held as of December 31, 2013 for Mr. Eckhardt's individual account under the 401(k) Plan.

(13)
Includes 222 shares issuable pursuant to stock options exercisable within 60 days of January 15, 2014.

(14)
Includes 122 shares issuable pursuant to stock options exercisable within 60 days of January 15, 2014, and 487 shares held as of December 31, 2013 for Mr. Hauschild's individual account under the 401(k) Plan.

(15)
Includes 180 shares issuable pursuant to stock options exercisable within 60 days of January 15, 2014.

(16)
Includes 14 shares held as of December 31, 2013 for Mr. Rusnak's individual account under the 401(k) Plan.

(17)
Includes 455 shares issuable pursuant to stock options exercisable within 60 days of January 15, 2014, and 2,631 shares held as of December 31, 2013 for Mr. Seibly's individual account under the 401(k) Plan.

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SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF UMPQUA DIRECTORS, NAMED EXECUTIVE
OFFICERS AND CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS OF UMPQUA

        The following table sets forth, as of January 15, 2014, holdings of Umpqua's common shares by each present Umpqua director and executive officer and by all directors and executive officers as a group based on 112,001,584 common shares outstanding. The common shares are traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market and the closing price on January 15, 2014 was $32.96 per share.

Name of Beneficial Owner
  Amount and Nature of
Beneficial Ownership(1)
   
  Percent of
Class
 

Non-Director Five Percent Beneficial Owners

                   

Blackrock, Inc. 

    9,350,169     (9 )   8.35 %

Dimensional Fund Advisors LP

    9,111,821     (10 )   8.14 %

Atlanta Capital Management Co. LLC

    8,595,031     (11 )   7.68 %

The Vanguard Group, Inc. 

    7,267,770     (12 )   6.49 %

Directors

                   

Raymond P. Davis

    649,135     (2,3 )   *  

Stephen M. Gambee

    58,982           *  

Bryan L. Timm

    47,399           *  

Peggy Y. Fowler

    32,401           *  

Frank R.J. Whittaker

    20,911           *  

Luis F. Machuca

    20,646           *  

Hilliard C. Terry III

    14,288           *  

Dudley R. Slater

    12,179           *  

Laureen E. Seeger

    8,934           *  

Susan F. Stevens

    7,718           *  

James S. Greene

    7,464           *  

Executives

                   

Mark P. Wardlow

    132,542     (4 )   *  

Ronald L. Farnsworth

    149,778     (2,5 )   *  

Cort L. O'Haver

    107,895     (6 )   *  

Steven L. Philpott

    175,801     (2,7 )   *  

All directors and executive officers as a group (20 persons)

   
1,837,926
   
(8

)
 
1.60

%

*
Less than 1.0%

(1)
Shares held directly with sole voting and investment power, unless otherwise indicated. Shares held in the Dividend Reinvestment Plan have been rounded down to the nearest whole share. Includes shares held indirectly in Director Deferred Compensation Plans, 401(k) Plans, Supplemental Retirement Plans, Deferred Compensation Plans and IRAs.

(2)
Includes shares held with or by his/her spouse.

(3)
Includes 225,000 shares covered by options exercisable within 60 days.

(4)
Includes 36,000 shares covered by options exercisable within 60 days.

(5)
Includes 43,500 shares covered by options exercisable within 60 days.

(6)
Includes 35,000 shares covered by options exercisable within 60 days.

(7)
Includes 85,500 shares covered by options exercisable within 60 days.

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(8)
Includes 624,700 shares covered by options exercisable within 60 days.

(9)
Beneficial ownership of BlackRock, Inc., located at 40 East 52nd Street, New York, NY 10022, is based on its and its affiliates' Form 13Fs filed with the SEC on November 12, 2013 with respect to holdings as of September 30, 2013.

(10)
Beneficial ownership of Dimensional Fund Advisors LP, located at Palisades West, Building One, 6300 Bee Cave Road Austin, TX 78746, is based on its Form 13F filed with the SEC on November 13, 2013 with respect to holdings as of September 30, 2013. The reporting person reports that the shares are held by various investment companies, trusts and accounts and the reporting person disclaims beneficial ownership.

(11)
Beneficial ownership of Atlanta Capital Management Co. LLC, located at 1075 Peachtree Street NE, Suite 2100, Atlanta, GA 30309, is based on its Form 13F filed with the SEC on November 13, 2013 with respect to holdings as of September 30, 2013.

(12)
Beneficial ownership of The Vanguard Group, Inc., located at 100 Vanguard Blvd., Malvern, PA 19355, is based on its Form 13F filed with the SEC on November 7, 2013 with respect to holdings as of September 30, 2013.

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ADVISORY VOTE ON NAMED EXECUTIVE OFFICER MERGER-RELATED
COMPENSATION ARRANGEMENTS

        As required by Section 14A of the Exchange Act and the applicable SEC rules issued thereunder, Sterling is required to submit a proposal to Sterling shareholders for a non-binding, advisory vote to approve the payment of certain compensation to Sterling's named executive officers that is based on or otherwise relates to the merger. This proposal, which we refer to as the Sterling compensation proposal, gives Sterling shareholders the opportunity to vote, on a non-binding, advisory basis, on the compensation that the named executive officers will or may be entitled to receive from Sterling (or, following the merger, Umpqua) that is based on or otherwise relates to the merger. This compensation is summarized in the table under "The Merger—Interests of Sterling's Directors and Executive Officers in the Merger—Quantification of Potential Payments to Sterling's Named Executive Officers in Connection with the Merger" beginning on page 106 of this proxy statement, including the footnotes to the table.

        The Sterling board of directors encourages you to review carefully the named executive officer merger-related compensation information disclosed in this proxy statement.

        The Sterling board of directors unanimously recommends that the Sterling shareholders approve the following resolution:

        "RESOLVED, that the shareholders of Sterling hereby approve, on a non-binding, advisory basis, the compensation to be paid or become payable by Sterling (or, following the merger, Umpqua) to its named executive officers that is based on or otherwise relates to the merger as disclosed pursuant to Item 402(t) of Regulation S-K in the table in the section of the proxy statement under "The Merger—Interests of Sterling's Directors and Executive Officers in the Merger—Quantification of Potential Payments to Sterling's Named Executive Officers in Connection with the Merger" and the related footnotes and narrative disclosures."

        The vote on the named executive officer merger-related compensation proposal is a vote separate and apart from the vote on the proposal to approve and adopt the merger agreement. Accordingly, you may vote to approve and adopt the merger agreement and vote not to approve the named executive officer merger-related compensation proposal and vice versa. Because the vote on the named executive officer merger-related compensation proposal is advisory only, it will not be binding on either Sterling or Umpqua. Accordingly, if the merger agreement is approved and adopted and the merger is completed, the compensation will be payable, subject only to the conditions applicable thereto, regardless of the outcome of the non-binding, advisory vote of Sterling shareholders.

        The above resolution approving the merger-related compensation of Sterling's named executive officers on an advisory basis will be approved if the votes cast in favor of the proposal exceed the votes cast in opposition.

        Sterling's Board of Directors Unanimously Recommends That Sterling Shareholders Vote "FOR" the Sterling Compensation Proposal.

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LEGAL MATTERS

        The validity of the Umpqua common stock to be issued in connection with the merger will be passed upon for Umpqua by Steven L. Philpott, general counsel of Umpqua. As of January 15, 2014, Mr. Philpott beneficially owned 175,801 shares of Umpqua common stock, including options to purchase 85,500 shares of Umpqua common stock, representing less than 1% of the outstanding shares of Umpqua common stock. Certain U.S. federal income tax consequences relating to the merger will be passed upon for Umpqua by Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz (New York, New York) and for Sterling by Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP (New York, New York).

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EXPERTS

Umpqua and FinPac

        The consolidated financial statements of Umpqua and its subsidiaries as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, and for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2012, and management's assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012, have been incorporated by reference herein and in the registration statement in reliance upon the report of Moss Adams LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, incorporated by reference herein, and upon the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing.

        The financial statements of Financial Pacific Holdings, LLC as of and for the year ended December 31, 2012, incorporated in this Registration Statement by reference from Umpqua's Current Report on Form 8-K/A dated September 11, 2013, have been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, independent auditors, as stated in their report which is incorporated herein by reference. Such financial statements have been so incorporated in reliance upon the report of such firm given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.


Sterling

        The consolidated financial statements of Sterling as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, and for the years then ended, and management's assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012 have been incorporated by reference herein in reliance upon the reports of KPMG LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, incorporated by reference herein, and upon the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing.

        The consolidated financial statements of Sterling for the year ended December 31, 2010 incorporated by reference herein have been so incorporated in reliance on the report of BDO USA, LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, incorporated herein by reference, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.

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DEADLINES FOR SUBMITTING SHAREHOLDER PROPOSALS

Umpqua

        Under SEC rules, holders of Umpqua common stock who wish to make a proposal to be included in Umpqua's proxy statement and proxy for Umpqua's 2014 annual meeting of shareholders must have delivered the proposal to the Corporate Secretary of Umpqua on or before November 9, 2013 if Umpqua's 2014 annual meeting is held within 30 days of April 16, 2014. Such proposals will be subject to the requirements of the proxy rules adopted under the Exchange Act, Umpqua's articles of incorporation and bylaws and Oregon law. As of the date of this joint proxy statement/prospectus, no such proposal has been delivered to Umpqua.

        In addition, Umpqua's bylaws establish an advance notice procedure with regard to shareholder proposals to be brought before Umpqua's 2014 annual meeting but not included in Umpqua's proxy statement or form of proxy for that meeting. In order for shareholder proposals to be considered for presentation at Umpqua's 2014 annual meeting but not for inclusion in Umpqua's proxy materials for that meeting, holders of Umpqua common stock must have delivered such shareholder proposal no later than December 9, 2013.


Sterling

        If the merger occurs in the expected timeframe, there will be no Sterling annual meeting of shareholders in 2014. In case the merger is not completed as anticipated, any shareholder who may desire to submit a proposal under the SEC's shareholder proposal rule for inclusion in Sterling's proxy and proxy statement for the 2014 annual meeting of Sterling shareholders must present such proposal in writing to Sterling at 111 North Wall Street, Spokane, WA 99201, Attention: Corporate Secretary, at a reasonable time before Sterling begins to print and send its proxy materials. If the 2014 annual meeting of Sterling shareholders becomes necessary, Sterling will specify the deadline for shareholders to submit proposals under the SEC's shareholder proposal rule and Sterling's bylaws.

        Sterling's bylaws establish an advance notice procedure with regard to shareholder proposals to be brought before Sterling's 2014 annual meeting but not included in Sterling's proxy statement or form of proxy for that meeting. In order for shareholder proposals to be considered for presentation at Sterling's 2014 annual meeting but not for inclusion in Sterling's proxy materials for that meeting, holders of Sterling common stock must have delivered such shareholder proposal no later than November 15, 2013, unless the date of Sterling's annual meeting is more than 30 days before or after April 29, 2014, in which case the proposal must be delivered no later than the tenth business day following the day on which notice is mailed or public disclosure of the date of the annual meeting was made, whichever first occurs.

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WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

        Umpqua has filed with the SEC a registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, that registers the issuance of the shares of Umpqua common stock to be issued in connection with the merger. This joint proxy statement/prospectus is a part of that registration statement and constitutes the prospectus of Umpqua in addition to being a proxy statement for Umpqua and Sterling shareholders. The registration statement, including this joint proxy statement/prospectus and the attached exhibits and schedules, contains additional relevant information about Umpqua and Umpqua common stock.

        Umpqua and Sterling also file reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC under the Exchange Act. You may read and copy this information at the Public Reference Room of the SEC at 100 F Street, N.E., Room 1580, Washington, D.C. 20549. You may obtain information on the operation of the SEC's Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. You may also obtain copies of this information by mail from the Public Reference Section of the SEC, 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549, at prescribed rates, or from commercial document retrieval services.

        The SEC also maintains an internet website that contains reports, proxy statements and other information about issuers, such as Umpqua and Sterling, who file electronically with the SEC. The address of the site is http://www.sec.gov. The reports and other information filed by Umpqua with the SEC are also available at Umpqua's website at www.umpquaholdingscorp.com or by contacting Umpqua's Investor Relations department at 20085 N.W. Tanasbourne Drive, Hillsboro, OR 97124, (503) 268-6675. The reports and other information filed by Sterling with the SEC are available at Sterling's website at www.sterlingfinancialcorporation.com or by contacting Sterling's Investor Relations department at 111 North Wall Street, Spokane, WA 99201, (509) 358-8097. The web addresses of the SEC, Umpqua and Sterling are included as inactive textual references only. Except as specifically incorporated by reference into this joint proxy statement/prospectus, information on those web sites is not part of this joint proxy statement/prospectus.

        The SEC allows Umpqua and Sterling to incorporate by reference information in this joint proxy statement/prospectus. This means that Umpqua and Sterling can disclose important information to you by referring you to another document filed separately with the SEC. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be a part of this joint proxy statement/prospectus, except for any information that is superseded by information that is included directly in this joint proxy statement/prospectus.

        This joint proxy statement/prospectus incorporates by reference the documents listed below that Umpqua and Sterling previously filed with the SEC. They contain important information about the companies and their financial condition.

Umpqua SEC Filings
(SEC File No. 001-34624)
  Period or Date Filed

Annual Report on Form 10-K

  Year ended December 31, 2012

Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A

 

Filed on February 25, 2013

Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q

 

Quarters ended March 31, 2013, June 30, 2013 and September 30, 2013

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Umpqua SEC Filings
(SEC File No. 001-34624)
  Period or Date Filed

Current Reports on Form 8-K or 8-K/A

 

Filed on January 14, 2013, March 12, 2013, April 11, 2013, April 22, 2013, May 20, 2013, June 4, 2013, June 6, 2013, July 2, 2013, July 10, 2013, September 11, 2013, September 12, 2013, September 17, 2013 (two filings) and December 19, 2013 (other than those portions of the documents deemed to be furnished and not filed)

Description of Umpqua's common stock contained in a registration statement filed under the Exchange Act

 

The description of the Company's common stock contained in the Form 8-K filed May 30, 2007, for the purposes of updating the description contained in the Registration Statement on Form 10 filed by Umpqua Bank (formerly known as South Umpqua Bank) pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange Act with the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation on February 6, 1998, and any amendment or reports filed for the purpose of updating that description. On March 19, 1999, the Company filed notice on Form 8-K12G3 that pursuant to Rule 12g-3(a) under the Exchange Act, the Company is the successor issuer to Umpqua Bank and the common stock of the Company was deemed to be registered pursuant to section 12(g) of the Exchange Act.

 

Sterling SEC Filings
(SEC File No. 000-34696)
  Period or Date Filed

Annual Report on Form 10-K or 10-K/A

  Year ended December 31, 2012

Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A

  Filed on March 15, 2013

Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q

  Quarters ended March 31, 2013, June 30, 2013 and September 30, 2013

Current Reports on Form 8-K or 8-K/A

  Filed on January 28, 2013, January 29, 2013, February 12, 2013, March 1, 2013, March 4, 2013, March 13, 2013, April 24, 2013, May 2, 2013, May 10, 2013, May 13, 2013, June 17, 2013, June 20, 2013, July 22, 2013, July 25, 2013, August 9, 2013, September 12, 2013, September 16, 2013, September 17, 2013, October 2, 2013 and October 24, 2013 (other than those portions of the documents deemed to be furnished and not filed)

        In addition, Umpqua and Sterling also incorporate by reference additional documents filed with the SEC under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 and 15(d) of the Exchange Act between the date of this joint proxy statement/prospectus and the later of the date of the Umpqua special meeting and the date of the Sterling special meeting, provided that Umpqua and Sterling are not incorporating by reference any information furnished to, but not filed with, the SEC.

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        Except where the context otherwise indicates, Umpqua has supplied all information contained or incorporated by reference in this joint proxy statement/prospectus relating to Umpqua, and Sterling has supplied all information contained or incorporated by reference relating to Sterling.

        Documents incorporated by reference are available from Umpqua and Sterling without charge, excluding any exhibits to those documents unless the exhibit is specifically incorporated by reference as an exhibit in this joint proxy statement/prospectus. You can obtain documents incorporated by reference in this joint proxy statement/prospectus by requesting them in writing or by telephone from the appropriate company at the following address and phone number:

Umpqua Holdings Corporation
20085 N.W. Tanasbourne Drive
Hillsboro, OR 97124
Attention: Investor Relations
Telephone: (503) 268-6675
  Sterling Financial Corporation
111 North Wall Street
Spokane, WA 99201
Attention: Investor Relations
Telephone: (509) 358-8097

        Umpqua shareholders and Sterling shareholders requesting documents must do so by February 18, 2014 to receive them before their respective meetings. You will not be charged for any of these documents that you request. If you request any incorporated documents from Umpqua or Sterling, Umpqua and Sterling, respectively, will mail them to you by first class mail, or another equally prompt means, within one business day after receiving your request.

        Neither Umpqua nor Sterling has authorized anyone to give any information or make any representation about the merger or the companies that is different from, or in addition to, that contained in this joint proxy statement/prospectus or in any of the materials that have been incorporated in this joint proxy statement/prospectus. Therefore, if anyone does give you information of this sort, you should not rely on it. If you are in a jurisdiction where offers to exchange or sell, or solicitations of offers to exchange or purchase, the securities offered by this joint proxy statement/prospectus or the solicitation of proxies is unlawful, or if you are a person to whom it is unlawful to direct these types of activities, then the offer presented in this joint proxy statement/prospectus does not extend to you. The information contained in this joint proxy statement/prospectus speaks only as of the date of this joint proxy statement/prospectus unless the information specifically indicates that another date applies.

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ANNEX A

EXECUTION VERSION

AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER

by and between

STERLING FINANCIAL CORPORATION

and

UMPQUA HOLDINGS CORPORATION




DATED AS OF SEPTEMBER 11, 2013


Table of Contents


TABLE OF CONTENTS

ARTICLE I

THE MERGER

1.1

 

The Merger

  A-1

1.2

 

Effective Time

  A-1

1.3

 

Effects of the Merger

  A-1

1.4

 

Conversion of Sterling Common Stock

  A-2

1.5

 

Umpqua Common Stock

  A-3

1.6

 

Dissenting Shares

  A-3

1.7

 

Sterling Stock Options

  A-3

1.8

 

Certain Defined Terms

  A-5

1.9

 

Warrants

  A-5

1.10

 

Articles of Incorporation of Surviving Corporation;

  A-5

1.11

 

Bylaws of Surviving Corporation

  A-5

1.12

 

Directors and Officers of Surviving Corporation

  A-5

1.13

 

Tax Consequences

  A-6

1.14

 

Bank Merger

  A-6

1.15

 

Headquarters of Surviving Corporation; Name

  A-6

1.16

 

Charitable Foundation

  A-6

ARTICLE II

EXCHANGE OF SHARES

2.1

 

Umpqua to Make Shares and Cash Available

 
A-7

2.2

 

Exchange of Shares

  A-7

ARTICLE III

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF STERLING

3.1

 

Corporate Organization

 
A-9

3.2

 

Capitalization

  A-10

3.3

 

Authority; No Violation

  A-12

3.4

 

Consents and Approvals

  A-13

3.5

 

Reports

  A-13

3.6

 

Financial Statements

  A-14

3.7

 

Broker's Fees

  A-15

3.8

 

Absence of Certain Changes or Events

  A-15

3.9

 

Legal Proceedings

  A-15

3.10

 

Taxes and Tax Returns

  A-16

3.11

 

Employee Benefit Matters

  A-17

3.12

 

SEC Reports

  A-19

3.13

 

Compliance with Applicable Law

  A-19

3.14

 

Certain Contracts

  A-21

3.15

 

Agreements with Regulatory Agencies

  A-22

3.16

 

Risk Management Instruments

  A-22

3.17

 

Investment Adviser Subsidiaries

  A-23

3.18

 

Environmental Liability

  A-23

3.19

 

Investment Securities and Commodities

  A-23

3.20

 

Property

  A-23

3.21

 

Intellectual Property

  A-24

A-ii


Table of Contents

3.22

 

Related Party Transactions

  A-24

3.23

 

State Takeover Laws; Rights Plan

  A-25

3.24

 

Reorganization

  A-25

3.25

 

Opinion

  A-25

3.26

 

Sterling Information

  A-25

3.27

 

Loan Portfolio

  A-25

3.28

 

Insurance

  A-26

3.29

 

No Other Representations or Warranties

  A-26

ARTICLE IV

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF UMPQUA

4.1

 

Corporate Organization

 
A-27

4.2

 

Capitalization

  A-28

4.3

 

Authority; No Violation

  A-29

4.4

 

Consents and Approvals

  A-30

4.5

 

Reports

  A-30

4.6

 

Financial Statements

  A-30

4.7

 

Broker's Fees

  A-32

4.8

 

Absence of Certain Changes or Events

  A-32

4.9

 

Legal Proceedings

  A-32

4.10

 

Taxes and Tax Returns

  A-32

4.11

 

Employee Benefit Matters

  A-33

4.12

 

SEC Reports

  A-35

4.13

 

Compliance with Applicable Law

  A-36

4.14

 

Certain Contracts

  A-37

4.15

 

Agreements with Regulatory Agencies

  A-38

4.16

 

Risk Management Instruments

  A-39

4.17

 

Investment Adviser Subsidiaries

  A-39

4.18

 

Environmental Liability

  A-39

4.19

 

Investment Securities and Commodities

  A-39

4.20

 

Property

  A-40

4.21

 

Intellectual Property

  A-40

4.22

 

Related Party Transactions

  A-40

4.23

 

State Takeover Laws

  A-41

4.24

 

Reorganization

  A-41

4.25

 

Opinion

  A-41

4.26

 

Umpqua Information

  A-41

4.27

 

Loan Portfolio

  A-41

4.28

 

Insurance

  A-42

4.29

 

Financing

  A-42

4.30

 

No Other Representations or Warranties

  A-42

ARTICLE V

COVENANTS RELATING TO CONDUCT OF BUSINESS

5.1

 

Conduct of Business Prior to the Effective Time

 
A-43

5.2

 

Forbearances

  A-43

5.3

 

No Control of Other Party

  A-46

A-iii


Table of Contents

ARTICLE VI

ADDITIONAL AGREEMENTS

6.1

 

Regulatory Matters

 
A-46

6.2

 

Access to Information

  A-48

6.3

 

Shareholders' Approvals

  A-49

6.4

 

Legal Conditions to Merger

  A-51

6.5

 

Stock Exchange Listing

  A-51

6.6

 

Employee Benefit Plans

  A-52

6.7

 

Indemnification; Directors' and Officers' Insurance

  A-53

6.8

 

Additional Agreements

  A-55

6.9

 

Advice of Changes

  A-55

6.10

 

Dividends

  A-55

6.11

 

Acquisition Proposals

  A-55

6.12

 

Public Announcements

  A-57

6.13

 

Section 16 Matters

  A-57

6.14

 

Trust Preferred Securities

  A-57

6.15

 

Employment Agreements

  A-57

ARTICLE VII

CONDITIONS PRECEDENT

7.1

 

Conditions to Each Party's Obligation To Effect the Merger

 
A-58

7.2

 

Conditions to Obligations of Umpqua

  A-58

7.3

 

Conditions to Obligations of Sterling

  A-59

ARTICLE VIII

TERMINATION AND AMENDMENT

8.1

 

Termination

 
A-60

8.2

 

Effect of Termination

  A-61

8.3

 

Amendment

  A-63

8.4

 

Extension; Waiver

  A-63

ARTICLE IX

GENERAL PROVISIONS

9.1

 

Closing

 
A-63

9.2

 

Nonsurvival of Representations, Warranties and Agreements

  A-64

9.3

 

Expenses

  A-64

9.4

 

Notices

  A-64

9.5

 

Interpretation

  A-65

9.6

 

Disclosure Schedule

  A-65

9.7

 

Counterparts

  A-65

9.8

 

Entire Agreement

  A-66

9.9

 

Governing Law; Jurisdiction

  A-66

9.10

 

Waiver of Jury Trial

  A-66

9.11

 

Assignment; Third Party Beneficiaries

  A-66

9.12

 

Specific Performance

  A-67

9.13

 

Severability

  A-67

9.14

 

Delivery by Facsimile or Electronic Transmission

  A-67

A-iv


Table of Contents


INDEX OF DEFINED TERMS

 
  Page No.  

Acquisition Proposal

    A-55  

Adjusted Option

    A-3  

Adjusted Restricted Stock Unit

    A-4  

Advisory Entity

    A-23  

affiliate

    A-65  

Agreement

    A-1  

Alternative Transaction

    A-56  

Articles Amendment

    A-5  

Articles of Merger

    A-1  

Bank Merger

    A-6  

Bank Merger Agreement

    A-6  

Bank Merger Certificates

    A-6  

BHC Act

    A-9  

Board Recommendation

    A-49  

business day

    A-7  

Cash Consideration

    A-2  

Certificate

    A-2  

certificates

    A-7  

Change in Board Recommendation

    A-49  

Closing

    A-63  

Closing Date

    A-64  

Code

    A-1  

Confidentiality Agreement

    A-49  

Continuing Employees

    A-52  

Delaware Courts

    A-66  

Derivative Contract

    A-22  

Disclosure Schedules

    A-65  

Dissenting Shares

    A-2  

EESA

    A-19  

Effective Time

    A-1  

Enforceability Exceptions

    A-12  

Environmental Laws

    A-23  

Equity Award Exchange Ratio

    A-5  

ERISA

    A-17  

ESPP

    A-4  

Exchange Act

    A-14  

Exchange Agent

    A-7  

Exchange Fund

    A-7  

FDIC

    A-10  

Federal Reserve Board

    A-13  

GAAP

    A-9  

Governmental Entity

    A-13  

Intellectual Property

    A-24  

Intervening Business Event

    A-49  

Investor Letter Agreement

    A-1  

IRS

    A-16  

Joint Proxy Statement

    A-13  

knowledge

    A-65  

A-v


Table of Contents

 
  Page No.  

Law

    A-20  

Liens

    A-12  

Loans

    A-45  

Material Adverse Effect

    A-9  

Materially Burdensome Regulatory Condition

    A-47  

Merger

    A-1  

Merger Consideration

    A-2  

Multiemployer Plan

    A-18  

Multiple Employer Plan

    A-18  

NASDAQ

    A-13  

New Benefit Plan

    A-52  

OBCA

    A-1  

Offering Period

    A-4  

Oregon Director

    A-13  

Oregon Secretary

    A-1  

Oregon Takeover Statutes

    A-41  

OREO

    A-23  

Other Private Placement Agreements

    A-11  

Permitted Encumbrances

    A-24  

person

    A-65  

plan of reorganization

    A-6  

Premium Cap

    A-54  

Pre-Termination Takeover Proposal Event

    A-62  

Previously Disclosed

    A-65  

Regulatory Agencies

    A-13  

Representative

    A-55  

Requisite Regulatory Approvals

    A-58  

Requisite Sterling Vote

    A-12  

Requisite Umpqua Vote

    A-29  

Rights Agreement

    A-11  

S-4

    A-13  

Sarbanes-Oxley Act

    A-14  

SEC

    A-13  

Securities Act

    A-19  

SRO

    A-13  

Sterling

    A-1  

Sterling Articles

    A-10  

Sterling Benefit Plans

    A-17  

Sterling Common Stock

    A-2  

Sterling Contract

    A-22  

Sterling Disclosure Schedule

    A-65  

Sterling ERISA Affiliate

    A-17  

Sterling Indemnified Parties

    A-54  

Sterling Leased Properties

    A-24  

Sterling Meeting

    A-49  

Sterling Owned Properties

    A-23  

Sterling Qualified Plans

    A-17  

Sterling Real Property

    A-24  

Sterling Regulatory Agreement

    A-22  

Sterling Reports

    A-19  

A-vi


Table of Contents

 
  Page No.  

Sterling Restricted Stock Unit

    A-4  

Sterling Stock Option

    A-3  

Sterling Stock Plans

    A-4  

Sterling Subsidiary

    A-10  

Stock Consideration

    A-2  

Subsidiary

    A-10  

Superior Proposal

    A-51  

Superior Proposal Event

    A-49  

Surviving Corporation

    A-1  

Tax

    A-16  

Tax Return

    A-17  

Taxes

    A-16  

Termination Date

    A-60  

Termination Fee

    A-62  

Third Party Shares

    A-2  

THL Agreement

    A-5  

Title IV Plan

    A-18  

Trust Preferred Securities

    A-57  

Umpqua

    A-1  

Umpqua Articles

    A-5  

Umpqua Benefit Plans

    A-33  

Umpqua Closing Price

    A-5  

Umpqua Common Stock

    A-2  

Umpqua Contract

    A-38  

Umpqua Disclosure Schedule

    A-65  

Umpqua ERISA Affiliate

    A-33  

Umpqua Leased Properties

    A-40  

Umpqua Meeting

    A-49  

Umpqua Owned Properties

    A-40  

Umpqua Qualified Plans

    A-34  

Umpqua Real Property

    A-40  

Umpqua Regulatory Agreement

    A-39  

Umpqua Reports

    A-35  

Umpqua Restricted Stock Award

    A-28  

Umpqua Restricted Stock Unit

    A-28  

Umpqua Stock Option

    A-28  

Umpqua Stock Plans

    A-28  

Umpqua Subsidiary

    A-27  

VII Trust Preferred Securities

    A-57  

VIII Trust Preferred Securities

    A-57  

Warburg Agreement

    A-5  

Warrant

    A-5  

Washington Secretary

    A-1  

Washington Takeover Statutes

    A-25  

WBCA

    A-1  

WDFI

    A-13  

A-vii


Table of Contents


AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER

        AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER, dated as of September 11, 2013 (this "Agreement"), by and between Sterling Financial Corporation, a Washington corporation ("Sterling"), and Umpqua Holdings Corporation, an Oregon corporation ("Umpqua").


W I T N E S S E T H:

        WHEREAS, the Boards of Directors of Umpqua and Sterling have determined that it is in the best interests of their respective companies and their shareholders to consummate the strategic business combination transaction provided for herein, pursuant to which Sterling will, subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, merge with and into Umpqua (the "Merger"), with Umpqua as the surviving corporation (hereinafter sometimes referred to in such capacity as the "Surviving Corporation") in the Merger; and

        WHEREAS, for Federal income tax purposes, it is intended that the Merger shall qualify as a "reorganization" within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), and this Agreement is intended to be and is adopted as a plan of reorganization for purposes of Sections 354 and 361 of the Code; and

        WHEREAS, concurrently with the execution of this Agreement, Sterling and Umpqua are entering into Investor Letter Agreements (each, an "Investor Letter Agreement") with each of (i) Warburg Pincus Private Equity X, L.P. and Warburg Pincus X Partners, L.P., and (ii) Thomas H. Lee Equity Fund VI, L.P., Thomas H. Lee Parallel Fund VI, L.P. and Thomas H. Lee Parallel (DT) Fund VI, L.P. in the forms attached hereto as Exhibits A and B; and

        WHEREAS, the parties desire to make certain representations, warranties and agreements in connection with the Merger and also to prescribe certain conditions to the Merger.

        NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants, representations, warranties and agreements contained herein, and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties agree as follows:


ARTICLE I

THE MERGER

        1.1    The Merger.     


        1.2
    Effective Time.     The Merger shall become effective as set forth in the articles of merger to be filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Washington (the "Washington Secretary") and the articles of merger to be filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Oregon (the "Oregon Secretary"), respectively, on the Closing Date, each of which shall be in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Umpqua and Sterling (collectively, the "Articles of Merger"). The term "Effective Time" shall be the date and time when the Merger becomes effective, as set forth in the Articles of Merger.


        1.3
    Effects of the Merger.     At and after the Effective Time, the Merger shall have the effects set forth in the applicable provisions of the WBCA and the OBCA.

A-1


Table of Contents


        1.4
    Conversion of Sterling Common Stock.     At the Effective Time, by virtue of the Merger and without any action on the part of Umpqua, Sterling or the holder of any of the following securities:

A-2


Table of Contents


        1.5
    Umpqua Common Stock.     At and after the Effective Time, each share of Umpqua Common Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall remain an issued and outstanding share of common stock of the Surviving Corporation and shall not be affected by the Merger.


        1.6
    Dissenting Shares.     


        1.7
    Sterling Stock Options.     

A-3


Table of Contents

A-4


Table of Contents


        1.8
    Certain Defined Terms.     


        1.9
    Warrants.     At the Effective Time, each warrant issued by Sterling pursuant to the Investment Agreement, dated May 25, 2010, by and between Sterling and Warburg Pincus Private Equity X, L.P., as amended (the "Warburg Agreement") or the Second Amended and Restated Investment Agreement (each, a "Warrant"), dated May 25, 2010, by and among Sterling, Thomas H. Lee Equity Fund VI, L.P., Thomas H. Lee Parallel Fund VI, L.P. and Thomas H. Lee Parallel (DT) Fund VI, L.P., as amended (the "THL Agreement") shall automatically and in accordance with the terms of such Warrant, and without any action on behalf of the holder thereof, cease to represent a warrant to purchase Sterling Common Stock and will be converted into a warrant exercisable for the Merger Consideration which the Sterling Common Stock issuable upon exercise of such Warrant immediately prior to the Effective Time would have been entitled to receive upon consummation of the Merger and Umpqua will assume such Warrant subject to its terms, as so adjusted.


        1.10
    Articles of Incorporation of Surviving Corporation;.     At the Effective Time, the Articles of Incorporation of Umpqua (the "Umpqua Articles"), as in effect at the Effective Time, shall be the Articles of Incorporation of the Surviving Corporation except that Article III, Section A shall be amended at the Effective Time in connection with the Merger to increase the number of authorized shares of common stock to 400,000,000 (the "Articles Amendment").


        1.11
    Bylaws of Surviving Corporation.     At the Effective Time, the Bylaws of Umpqua, as in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time, shall be the Bylaws of the Surviving Corporation until thereafter amended in accordance with applicable Law.


        1.12
    Directors and Officers of Surviving Corporation.     

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        1.13
    Tax Consequences.     It is intended that the Merger shall qualify as a "reorganization" within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code, and that this Agreement is intended to be and is adopted as a "plan of reorganization" for the purposes of Sections 354 and 361 of the Code.


        1.14
    Bank Merger.     On the Closing Date and immediately following the Merger, Sterling Savings Bank, a Washington state-chartered bank and a wholly-owned Subsidiary of Sterling, will merge (the "Bank Merger") with and into Umpqua Bank, an Oregon state-chartered bank and a wholly-owned Subsidiary of Umpqua. Umpqua Bank shall be the surviving entity in the Bank Merger and shall continue its corporate existence under the name Umpqua Bank, and, following the Bank Merger, the separate corporate existence of Sterling Savings Bank shall cease. The parties agree that the Bank Merger shall become effective immediately after the Effective Time. The Bank Merger shall be implemented pursuant to an agreement and plan of merger, in a form to be specified by Umpqua and reasonably acceptable to Sterling (the "Bank Merger Agreement"). In order to obtain the necessary state and federal regulatory approvals for the Bank Merger, the parties hereto shall cause the following to be accomplished prior to the filing of applications for regulatory approval: (i) Sterling shall cause Sterling Savings Bank to adopt the Bank Merger Agreement, Sterling, as the sole shareholder of Sterling Savings Bank, shall approve the Bank Merger Agreement, and Sterling shall cause the Bank Merger Agreement to be duly executed by Sterling Savings Bank and delivered to Umpqua Bank and (ii) Umpqua shall cause Umpqua Bank to adopt the Bank Merger Agreement, Umpqua, as the sole shareholder of Umpqua Bank, shall approve the Bank Merger Agreement and Umpqua shall cause the Bank Merger Agreement to be duly executed by Umpqua Bank and delivered to Sterling Savings Bank. Sterling shall cause Sterling Savings Bank, and Umpqua shall cause Umpqua Bank, to execute such certificates of merger and articles of combination and such other documents and certificates (in each case in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Umpqua and Sterling) as are necessary to make the Bank Merger effective ("Bank Merger Certificates") immediately following the Effective Time.


        1.15
    Headquarters of Surviving Corporation; Name.     From and after the Effective Time until changed by action of the Board of Directors of the Surviving Corporation, (i) the location of the headquarters and principal executive offices of the Surviving Corporation shall be Portland, Oregon, (ii) the name of the Surviving Corporation shall be "Umpqua Holdings Corporation" and (iii) the name of the surviving entity in the Bank Merger shall be "Umpqua Bank".


        1.16
    Charitable Foundation.     At the Effective Time, Umpqua will establish a charitable foundation for the benefit of the communities served by the Surviving Corporation, and Umpqua will contribute $10,000,000 to such foundation.

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ARTICLE II

EXCHANGE OF SHARES

        2.1    Umpqua to Make Shares and Cash Available.     At or prior to the Effective Time, Umpqua shall deposit, or shall cause to be deposited, with a bank or trust company designated by Umpqua and reasonably acceptable to Sterling (the "Exchange Agent"), for the benefit of the holders of Certificates, for exchange in accordance with this Article II, certificates or, at Umpqua's option, evidence of shares in book-entry form (collectively, referred to herein as "certificates"), representing the shares of Umpqua Common Stock sufficient to pay the aggregate stock portion of the Merger Consideration, and cash sufficient to pay the aggregate cash portion of the Merger Consideration, including cash to be paid in lieu of any fractional shares (such cash and certificates for shares of Umpqua Common Stock, together with any dividends or distributions payable with respect thereto pursuant to Section 2.2(b), being hereinafter referred to as the "Exchange Fund"), to be issued pursuant to Section 1.4 and paid pursuant to Section 2.2(a) in exchange for outstanding shares of Sterling Common Stock. Umpqua shall deposit with the Exchange Agent, as necessary from time to time at or after the Effective Time, any dividends or other distributions payable pursuant to Section 2.2(b). For the avoidance of doubt, the Exchange Fund shall not include any amounts to be paid to Dissenting Shares. Prior to the Effective Time, Umpqua will enter into an exchange agent agreement on customary terms with the Exchange Agent, which terms shall be in form and substance reasonably acceptable to Sterling.


        2.2
    Exchange of Shares.     

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ARTICLE III

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF STERLING

        Except (i) as Previously Disclosed by Sterling or (ii) as disclosed in any Sterling Reports publicly filed under Sections 13(a), 14(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act by Sterling with the SEC since December 31, 2012, and prior to the date hereof (but disregarding risk factor disclosures contained under the heading "Risk Factors," or disclosures of risks set forth in any "forward-looking statements" disclaimer or any other statements that are similarly non-specific or cautionary, predictive or forward-looking in nature), Sterling hereby represents and warrants to Umpqua as follows:


        3.1
    Corporate Organization.     

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        3.2
    Capitalization.     

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        3.3
    Authority; No Violation.     

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        3.4
    Consents and Approvals.     Except for (i) the filing of any required applications and notices, as applicable, with the NASDAQ Global Select Market ("NASDAQ") and the NASDAQ Capital Market, (ii) the filing of any required applications, filings and notices, as applicable, with (1) the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the "Federal Reserve Board") under the BHC Act, (2) the FDIC under the Bank Merger Act, (3) the Director of the Oregon Department of Consumer and Business Services acting by and through the Administration of the Division of Finance and Corporate Services (the "Oregon Director") and (4) the Washington Department of Financial Institutions (the "WDFI"), and approval of the foregoing applications, filings and notices, (iii) the filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") of a joint proxy statement in definitive form relating to the meetings of Sterling's and Umpqua's shareholders to be held in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby (including any amendments or supplements thereto, the "Joint Proxy Statement"), and of the registration statement on Form S-4 (the "S-4") in which the Joint Proxy Statement will be included as a prospectus, and declaration of effectiveness of the S-4, (iv) the filing of the Articles of Merger (which shall include the Articles Amendment) with the Washington Secretary pursuant to the WBCA and the Oregon Secretary pursuant to the OBCA and the filing of the Bank Merger Certificates, (v) such filings and approvals as are required to be made or obtained under the securities or "Blue Sky" laws of various states in connection with the issuance of the shares of Umpqua Common Stock pursuant to this Agreement and (vi) such filings as are required to be made under the Exchange Act, no material consents or approvals of or filings or registrations with any court, administrative agency or commission or other governmental authority or instrumentality or SRO (each, a "Governmental Entity") are necessary in connection with (A) the execution and delivery by Sterling of this Agreement or (B) the consummation by Sterling of the Merger, the Bank Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby. As of the date of this Agreement, Sterling has no knowledge of any reason why any of the Requisite Regulatory Approvals should not be granted on a timely basis.


        3.5
    Reports.     Sterling and each of its Subsidiaries have timely filed all reports, registrations and statements, together with any amendments required to be made with respect thereto, that they were required to file since January 1, 2011 with (i) any state regulatory authority, (ii) the SEC, (iii) the Federal Reserve Board, (iv) the FDIC, (v) any foreign regulatory authority and (vi) any self-regulatory agency (an "SRO") ((i) - (vi), collectively "Regulatory Agencies"), including, without limitation, any report, registration or statement required to be filed pursuant to the Laws of the United States, any state, any foreign entity, or any Regulatory Agency or other Governmental Entity, and have paid all fees and assessments due and payable in connection therewith, except where the failure to file such report, registration or statement or to pay such fees and assessments would not reasonably be expected to have, either individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on Sterling. Except for normal examinations conducted by a Regulatory Agency in the ordinary course of the business of Sterling and its Subsidiaries, no Regulatory Agency has initiated or has pending any proceeding or, to the knowledge of Sterling, investigation into the business or operations of Sterling or any of its Subsidiaries since January 1, 2011, except where such proceedings or investigation would not reasonably be expected to have, either individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on Sterling. There (a) is no unresolved violation, criticism, or exception by any Regulatory Agency with respect to any report or statement relating to any examinations or inspections of Sterling or any of its Subsidiaries and (b) has been no formal or informal inquiries by, or disagreements or disputes with, any Regulatory Agency with respect to the business, operations, policies or procedures of Sterling or any of its Subsidiaries since January 1, 2011, except in the case of each of clause (a) and (b), as would not reasonably be expected to have, either individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on Sterling.

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        3.6
    Financial Statements.     

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        3.7
    Broker's Fees.     With the exception of the engagement of Sandler O'Neill + Partners,  LP, neither Sterling nor any Sterling Subsidiary nor any of their respective officers or directors on behalf of Sterling or any of its Subsidiaries have employed any broker, finder or financial advisor or incurred any liability for any broker's fees, commissions or finder's fees in connection with the Merger or related transactions contemplated by this Agreement. On or prior to the date hereof, Sterling has disclosed to Umpqua the aggregate fees provided for in connection with the engagement of Sandler O'Neill + Partners, LP relating to the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereunder.


        3.8
    Absence of Certain Changes or Events.     


        3.9
    Legal Proceedings.     

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        3.10    Taxes and Tax Returns.     

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        3.11
    Employee Benefit Matters.     

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        3.12
    SEC Reports.     Sterling has previously made available (it being understood that documents available via the SEC's EDGAR system shall be deemed to have been made available for purposes of this representation) to Umpqua an accurate and complete copy of each (a) final registration statement, prospectus, report, schedule and definitive proxy statement filed with or furnished to the SEC since January 1, 2011, by Sterling pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), or the Exchange Act (the "Sterling Reports") and (b) communication mailed by Sterling to its shareholders since January 1, 2011 and prior to the date hereof, and no such Sterling Report or communication, as of the date thereof (and, in the case of registration statements and proxy statements, on the dates of effectiveness and the dates of the relevant meetings, respectively), contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances in which they were made, not misleading, except that information filed or furnished as of a later date (but before the date of this Agreement) shall be deemed to modify information as of an earlier date. Since January 1, 2011, as of their respective dates, all Sterling Reports filed under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act complied in all material respects with the published rules and regulations of the SEC with respect thereto. As of the date of this Agreement, no executive officer of Sterling has failed in any respect to make the certifications required of him or her under Section 302 or 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. As of the date of this Agreement, there are no outstanding comments from or unresolved issues raised by the SEC with respect to any of the Sterling Reports.


        3.13
    Compliance with Applicable Law.     

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        3.14    Certain Contracts.     

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        3.15
    Agreements with Regulatory Agencies.     Neither Sterling nor any of its Subsidiaries is subject to any cease-and-desist or other order or enforcement action issued by, or is a party to any written agreement, consent agreement or memorandum of understanding with, or is a party to any commitment letter or similar undertaking to, or is subject to any order or directive by, or has been ordered to pay any civil money penalty by, or has been since January 1, 2011, a recipient of any supervisory letter from, or since January 1, 2011, has adopted any policies, procedures or board resolutions at the request or suggestion of any Regulatory Agency or other Governmental Entity, in any such case, that currently restricts in any material respect the conduct of its business or that in any material manner relates to its capital adequacy, its ability to pay dividends, its credit or risk management policies, its management or its business (each, whether or not set forth in the Sterling Disclosure Schedule, a "Sterling Regulatory Agreement"), nor has Sterling or any of its Subsidiaries been advised since January 1, 2011, by any Regulatory Agency or other Governmental Entity that it is considering issuing, initiating, ordering, or requesting any such Sterling Regulatory Agreement.


        3.16
    Risk Management Instruments.     Except as would not reasonably be expected to have, either individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on Sterling, all swaps, caps, floors, option agreements, futures and forward contracts and other similar derivative transactions and risk management arrangements (each, a "Derivative Contract"), whether entered into for the account of Sterling, any of its Subsidiaries or for the account of a customer of Sterling or one of its Subsidiaries, were entered into in the ordinary course of business and in accordance with applicable rules, regulations and policies of any Regulatory Agency and with counterparties believed to be financially responsible at the time and are legal, valid and binding obligations of Sterling or one of its Subsidiaries enforceable in accordance with their terms (subject to Enforceability Exceptions), and are in full force and effect. Except as would not reasonably be expected to have, either individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on Sterling, to Sterling's knowledge, no party to any Derivative Contract to

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which Sterling or any Sterling Subsidiary is a party is in breach or violation of any provision thereof or default thereunder.


        3.17
    Investment Adviser Subsidiaries.     No Sterling Subsidiary is required to be registered, licensed or qualified as an investment adviser (an "Advisory Entity").


        3.18
    Environmental Liability.     Except as would not reasonably be expected to have, either individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on Sterling, Sterling and its Subsidiaries are in compliance, and have complied in the last seven years, with any federal, state or local law, regulation, order, decree, permit, authorization, common law or Governmental Entity requirement relating to: (i) the protection or restoration of the environment or natural resources or to human health and safety as it relates to hazardous substance exposure; (ii) the handling, use, presence, disposal, release or threatened release of, or exposure to, any hazardous substance; or (iii) noise, odor, wetlands, indoor air, pollution, contamination or any injury to persons or property from exposure to any hazardous substance (collectively, "Environmental Laws"). There are no legal, administrative, arbitral or other proceedings, claims, actions, causes of action, private environmental investigations or remediation activities or governmental investigations of any nature seeking to impose, or that could reasonably result in the imposition, on Sterling or any of its Subsidiaries of any liability or obligation arising under any applicable Environmental Law, pending or threatened against Sterling, which liability or obligation would reasonably be expected to have, either individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on Sterling. To the knowledge of Sterling, there is no reasonable basis for any such proceeding, claim, action, cause of action or investigation that would impose any liability or obligation arising under any applicable Environmental Law that would reasonably be expected to have, either individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on Sterling. Sterling is not subject to any agreement, order, judgment, decree, letter or memorandum by or with any court, Governmental Entity, or third party imposing any liability or obligation arising under any applicable Environmental Law with respect to the foregoing that would reasonably be expected to have, either individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on Sterling.


        3.19
    Investment Securities and Commodities.     


        3.20
    Property.     Except as would not reasonably be expected to have, either individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on Sterling, Sterling or a Sterling Subsidiary (a) has good and marketable title to all the properties and assets reflected in the latest audited balance sheet included in the Sterling Reports as being owned by Sterling or a Sterling Subsidiary or acquired after the date thereof (except (x) properties sold or otherwise disposed of since the date thereof in the ordinary course of business and (y) properties categorized as "other real estate owned" ("OREO") in the latest audited balance sheet included in the Sterling Reports) (the "Sterling Owned Properties"), free and clear of all material Liens, except (i) statutory Liens securing payments not yet due or being contested in good faith for which adequate reserves have been established in accordance with GAAP, (ii) Liens for

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real property Taxes not yet due and payable or being contested in good faith for which adequate reserves have been established in accordance with GAAP, (iii) easements, rights of way, and other similar encumbrances that do not materially affect the value or use of the properties or assets subject thereto or affected thereby or otherwise materially impair business operations at such properties as currently conducted and (iv) such imperfections or irregularities of title or Liens as do not materially affect the value or use of the properties or assets subject thereto or affected thereby or otherwise materially impair business operations at such properties as currently conducted (collectively, "Permitted Encumbrances"), and (b) is the lessee of all leasehold estates reflected in the latest audited financial statements included in such Sterling Reports or leased after the date thereof (except for leases that have expired by their terms since the date thereof) (the "Sterling Leased Properties" and, collectively with the Sterling Owned Properties, the "Sterling Real Property"), free and clear of all Liens of any nature whatsoever, except for Permitted Encumbrances, and is in possession of the properties purported to be leased thereunder, and each such lease is valid without default thereunder by the lessee or, to Sterling's knowledge, the lessor. There are no pending or, to the knowledge of Sterling, threatened condemnation proceedings against any material Sterling Real Property.


        3.21
    Intellectual Property.     Except as would not reasonably be expected to have, either individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on Sterling: (a) Sterling and each of its Subsidiaries owns, or is licensed to use (in each case, free and clear of any material Liens), all Intellectual Property used in or necessary for the conduct of its business as currently conducted; (b) to the knowledge of Sterling, the use of any Intellectual Property by Sterling and its Subsidiaries does not infringe on, misappropriate or otherwise violate the rights of any person and, to the extent applicable, is in accordance with any applicable license pursuant to which Sterling or any Sterling Subsidiary acquired the right to use such Intellectual Property; (c) no person has asserted in writing that Sterling or any of its Subsidiaries has infringed on, misappropriated or otherwise violated the Intellectual Property rights of such person; (d) to the knowledge of Sterling, no person is challenging, infringing on or otherwise violating any right of Sterling or any of its Subsidiaries with respect to any Intellectual Property owned by and/or exclusively licensed to Sterling or its Subsidiaries; (e) neither Sterling nor any Sterling Subsidiary has received any written notice of any pending claim with respect to any Intellectual Property used by Sterling or any Sterling Subsidiary; and (f) to the knowledge of Sterling, no Intellectual Property owned and/or exclusively licensed by Sterling or any Sterling Subsidiary is being used or enforced in a manner that would reasonably be expected to result in the abandonment, cancellation or unenforceability of such Intellectual Property. For purposes of this Agreement, "Intellectual Property" means (i) trademarks, service marks, brand names, internet domain names, logos, symbols, certification marks, trade dress and other indications of origin, the goodwill associated with the foregoing and registrations in any jurisdiction of, and applications in any jurisdiction to register, the foregoing, including any extension, modification or renewal of any such registration or application; (ii) inventions, discoveries and ideas, whether patentable or not, in any jurisdiction; patents, applications for patents (including divisions, continuations, continuations in part and renewal applications), all improvements thereto, and any renewals, extensions or reissues thereof, in any jurisdiction; (iii) nonpublic information, trade secrets and know-how, including processes, technologies, protocols, formulae, prototypes and confidential information and rights in any jurisdiction to limit the use or disclosure thereof by any person; (iv) writings and other works, whether copyrightable or not and whether in published or unpublished works, in any jurisdiction and all registrations or applications for registration of copyrights in any jurisdiction, and any renewals or extensions thereof; and (v) any similar intellectual property or proprietary rights.


        3.22
    Related Party Transactions.     Except (i) as set forth in Section 3.22 of the Sterling Disclosure Schedule, (ii) "compensation" as defined in Item 402 of the SEC's Regulation S-K, (iii) ordinary course bank deposit, trust and asset management services on arms' length terms, (iv) other transactions or arrangements of a type available to employees of Sterling or its Subsidiaries generally, (v) transactions, agreements, arrangements or understandings that were entered into in the ordinary course of business

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on arms' length terms with a portfolio company of a person owning 5% or more of the outstanding Sterling Common Stock (or of any of such person's affiliates) or (vi) transactions, agreements, arrangements or understandings between Sterling and one or more of its wholly-owned Subsidiaries or among wholly-owned Subsidiaries of Sterling, there are no transactions or series of related transactions, agreements, arrangements or understandings between Sterling or any of its Subsidiaries, on the one hand, and any current or former director or "executive officer" (as defined in Rule 3b-7 under the Exchange Act) of Sterling or any of its Subsidiaries or any person who beneficially owns (as defined in Rules 13d-3 and 13d-5 of the Exchange Act) 5% or more of the outstanding Sterling Common Stock (or, to the knowledge of Sterling, any of such person's immediate family members or affiliates) (other than Subsidiaries of Sterling) on the other hand.


        3.23
    State Takeover Laws; Rights Plan.     


        3.24
    Reorganization.     Sterling has not taken any action and is not aware of any fact or circumstance that could reasonably be expected to prevent the Merger from qualifying as a "reorganization" within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code.


        3.25
    Opinion.     Prior to the execution of this Agreement, Sterling has received an opinion from Sandler O'Neill + Partners, LP to the effect that as of the date thereof and based upon and subject to the matters set forth therein, the Merger Consideration to be paid to the holders of Sterling Common Stock in the Merger is fair to such holders from a financial point of view. Such opinion has not been amended or rescinded as of the date of this Agreement.


        3.26
    Sterling Information.     The information relating to Sterling and its Subsidiaries which is provided by Sterling or its representatives for inclusion in the Joint Proxy Statement and the S-4, or in any other document filed with any other Regulatory Agency in connection herewith, will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances in which they are made, not misleading. The portions of the Joint Proxy Statement relating to Sterling and its Subsidiaries will comply in all material respects with the provisions of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder.


        3.27
    Loan Portfolio.     

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        3.28
    Insurance.     Except as would not reasonably be expected to have, either individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on Sterling, (a) Sterling and its Subsidiaries are insured with reputable insurers against such risks and in such amounts as the management of Sterling reasonably has determined to be prudent and consistent with industry practice, and Sterling and its Subsidiaries are in compliance in all material respects with their insurance policies and are not in default under any of the terms thereof, (b) each such policy is outstanding and in full force and effect and, except for policies insuring against potential liabilities of officers, directors and employees of Sterling and its Subsidiaries, Sterling or the relevant Subsidiary thereof is the sole beneficiary of such policies, and (c) all premiums and other payments due under any such policy have been paid, and all claims thereunder have been filed in due and timely fashion.


        3.29
    No Other Representations or Warranties.     

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ARTICLE IV

REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF UMPQUA

        Except (i) as Previously Disclosed by Umpqua or (ii) as disclosed in any Umpqua Reports publicly filed under Sections 13(a), 14(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act by Umpqua with the SEC since December 31, 2012, and prior to the date hereof (but disregarding risk factor disclosures contained under the heading "Risk Factors," or disclosures of risks set forth in any "forward-looking statements" disclaimer or any other statements that are similarly non-specific or cautionary, predictive or forward-looking in nature), Umpqua hereby represents and warrants to Sterling as follows:


        4.1
    Corporate Organization.     

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        4.2
    Capitalization.     

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        4.3    Authority; No Violation.     

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        4.4
    Consents and Approvals.     Except for (i) the filing of applications and notices, as applicable, with NASDAQ and the NASDAQ Capital Market, (ii) the filing of any required applications, filings and notices, as applicable, with (1) the Federal Reserve Board under the BHC Act, (2) the FDIC under the Bank Merger Act, (3) the Oregon Director and (4) the WDFI, and approval of the foregoing applications, filings and notices, (iii) the filing with the SEC of the Joint Proxy Statement and the S-4 in which the Joint Proxy Statement will be included as a prospectus, and declaration of effectiveness of the S-4, (iv) the filing of the Articles of Merger (which shall include the Articles Amendment) with the Washington Secretary pursuant to the WBCA and the Oregon Secretary pursuant to the OBCA and the filing of the Bank Merger Certificates, (v) such filings and approvals as are required to be made or obtained under the securities or "Blue Sky" laws of various states in connection with the issuance of the shares of Umpqua Common Stock pursuant to this Agreement and (vi) such filings as are required to be made under the Exchange Act, no material consents or approvals of or filings or registrations with any Governmental Entity are necessary in connection with (A) the execution and delivery by Umpqua of this Agreement or (B) the consummation by Umpqua of the Merger, the Bank Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby. As of the date of this Agreement, Umpqua has no knowledge of any reason why any of the Requisite Regulatory Approvals should not be granted on a timely basis.


        4.5
    Reports.     Umpqua and each of its Subsidiaries have timely filed all reports, registrations and statements, together with any amendments required to be made with respect thereto, that they were required to file since January 1, 2011 with any Regulatory Agencies, including, without limitation, any report, registration or statement required to be filed pursuant to the Laws of the United States, any state, any foreign entity, or any Regulatory Agency or other Governmental Entity, and have paid all fees and assessments due and payable in connection therewith, except where the failure to file such report, registration or statement or to pay such fees and assessments would not reasonably be expected to have, either individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on Umpqua. Except for normal examinations conducted by a Regulatory Agency in the ordinary course of the business of Umpqua and its Subsidiaries, no Regulatory Agency has initiated or has pending any proceeding or, to the knowledge of Umpqua, investigation into the business or operations of Umpqua or any of its Subsidiaries since January 1, 2011, except where such proceedings or investigation would not reasonably be expected to have, either individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on Umpqua. There (i) is no unresolved violation, criticism, or exception by any Regulatory Agency with respect to any report or statement relating to any examinations or inspections of Umpqua or any of its Subsidiaries and (ii) has been no formal or informal inquiries by, or disagreements or disputes with, any Regulatory Agency with respect to the business, operations, policies or procedures of Umpqua or any of its Subsidiaries since January 1, 2011, except in the case of each of clause (i) and (ii), as would not reasonably be expected to have, either individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on Umpqua.


        4.6
    Financial Statements.     

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        4.7
    Broker's Fees.     With the exception of the engagement of J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, neither Umpqua nor any Umpqua Subsidiary nor any of their respective officers or directors on behalf of Umpqua or any of its Subsidiaries have employed any broker, finder or financial advisor or incurred any liability for any broker's fees, commissions or finder's fees in connection with the Merger or related transactions contemplated by this Agreement. On or prior to the date hereof, Umpqua has disclosed to Sterling the aggregate fees provided for in connection with the engagement of J.P. Morgan Securities LLC relating to the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereunder.


        4.8
    Absence of Certain Changes or Events.     


        4.9
    Legal Proceedings.     


        4.10
    Taxes and Tax Returns.     Each of Umpqua and its Subsidiaries has duly and timely filed (including all applicable extensions) all material Tax Returns in all jurisdictions in which Tax Returns are required to be filed by it, and all such Tax Returns are true, correct, and complete in all material respects. Neither Umpqua nor any of its Subsidiaries is the beneficiary of any extension of time within

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which to file any material Tax Return (other than extensions to file Tax Returns obtained in the ordinary course). All material Taxes of Umpqua and its Subsidiaries (whether or not shown on any Tax Returns) that are due have been fully and timely paid. Each of Umpqua and its Subsidiaries has withheld and paid all Taxes required to have been withheld and paid in connection with amounts paid or owing to any employee, creditor, shareholder, independent contractor or other third party. Neither Umpqua nor any of its Subsidiaries has granted any extension or waiver of the limitation period applicable to any Tax that remains in effect. The federal income Tax Returns of Umpqua and its Subsidiaries for all years to and including 2008 have been examined by the IRS or are Tax Returns with respect to which the applicable period for assessment under applicable Law, after giving effect to extensions or waivers, has expired. Neither Umpqua nor any of its Subsidiaries has received written notice of assessment or proposed assessment in connection with any material amount of Taxes, and there are no threatened in writing or pending disputes, claims, audits, examinations or other proceedings regarding any material Tax with respect to Umpqua and its Subsidiaries or the assets of Umpqua and its Subsidiaries. Umpqua has made available to Sterling true and complete copies of any private letter ruling requests, closing agreements or gain recognition agreements with respect to Taxes requested or executed in the last six years. Neither Umpqua nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to or is bound by any Tax sharing, allocation or indemnification agreement or arrangement (other than such an agreement or arrangement exclusively between or among Umpqua and its Subsidiaries or that has a principal purpose other than Tax matters). Neither Umpqua nor any of its Subsidiaries (A) has been a member of an affiliated group filing a consolidated federal income Tax Return (other than a group the common parent of which was Umpqua) or (B) has any liability for the Taxes of any person (other than Umpqua or any of its Subsidiaries) under Treasury Regulation Section 1.1502-6 (or any similar provision of state, local or foreign law), as a transferee or successor, by contract or otherwise. Neither Umpqua nor any of its Subsidiaries has been, within the past three years or otherwise as part of a "plan (or series of related transactions)" within the meaning of Section 355(e) of the Code of which the Merger is also a part, a "distributing corporation" or a "controlled corporation" (within the meaning of Section 355(a)(1)(A) of the Code) in a distribution of stock intending to qualify for tax-free treatment under Section 355 of the Code. Neither Umpqua nor any of its Subsidiaries has participated in a "reportable transaction" within the meaning of Treasury Regulation section 1.6011-4(b)(1). At no time during the past five years has Umpqua been a United States real property holding corporation within the meaning of Section 897(c)(2) of the Code.


        4.11
    Employee Benefit Matters.     

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        4.12    SEC Reports.     Umpqua has previously made available (it being understood that documents available via the SEC's EDGAR system shall be deemed to have been made available for purposes of this representation) to Sterling an accurate and complete copy of each (a) final registration statement, prospectus, report, schedule and definitive proxy statement filed with or furnished to the SEC since January 1, 2011, by Umpqua pursuant to the Securities Act or the Exchange Act (the "Umpqua Reports") and (b) communication mailed by Umpqua to its shareholders since January 1, 2011 and prior to the date hereof, and no such Umpqua Report or communication, as of the date thereof (and, in the case of registration statements and proxy statements, on the dates of effectiveness and the dates of the relevant meetings, respectively), contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances in which they were made, not misleading, except that information filed or furnished as of a later date (but before the date of this Agreement) shall be deemed to modify information as of an earlier date. Since January 1, 2011, as of their respective dates, all Umpqua Reports filed under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act complied in all material respects with the published rules and regulations of the SEC with respect thereto. As of the date of this Agreement, no

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executive officer of Umpqua has failed in any respect to make the certifications required of him or her under Section 302 or 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. As of the date of this Agreement, there are no outstanding comments from or unresolved issues raised by the SEC with respect to any of the Umpqua Reports.


        4.13
    Compliance with Applicable Law.     

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        4.14
    Certain Contracts.     

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        4.15
    Agreements with Regulatory Agencies.     Neither Umpqua nor any of its Subsidiaries is subject to any cease-and-desist or other order or enforcement action issued by, or is a party to any written agreement, consent agreement or memorandum of understanding with, or is a party to any commitment letter or similar undertaking to, or is subject to any order or directive by, or has been ordered to pay any civil money penalty by, or has been since January 1, 2011, a recipient of any supervisory letter from, or since January 1, 2011, has adopted any policies, procedures or board resolutions at the request or suggestion of any Regulatory Agency or other Governmental Entity, in any such case, that currently restricts in any material respect the conduct of its business or that in any material manner relates to its

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capital adequacy, its ability to pay dividends, its credit or risk management policies, its management or its business (each, whether or not set forth in the Umpqua Disclosure Schedule, a "Umpqua Regulatory Agreement"), nor has Umpqua or any of its Subsidiaries been advised since January 1, 2011, by any Regulatory Agency or other Governmental Entity that it is considering issuing, initiating, ordering or requesting any such Umpqua Regulatory Agreement.


        4.16
    Risk Management Instruments.     Except as would not reasonably be expected to have, either individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on Umpqua, all Derivative Contracts, whether entered into for the account of Umpqua, any of its Subsidiaries or for the account of a customer of Umpqua or one of its Subsidiaries, were entered into in the ordinary course of business and in accordance with applicable rules, regulations and policies of any Regulatory Agency and with counterparties believed to be financially responsible at the time and are legal, valid and binding obligations of Umpqua or one of its Subsidiaries enforceable in accordance with their terms (subject to Enforceability Exceptions), and are in full force and effect. Except as would not reasonably be expected to have, either individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on Umpqua, to Umpqua's knowledge, no party to any Derivative Contract to which Umpqua or any Umpqua Subsidiary is a party is in breach or violation of any provision thereof or default thereunder.


        4.17
    Investment Adviser Subsidiaries.     Any of Umpqua's Subsidiaries that is required to be registered, licensed or qualified as an Advisory Entity has at all times since January 1, 2011 rendered investment advisory services in compliance with each contract for services provided in its capacity as an Advisory Entity to which it is a party, except as would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on Umpqua.


        4.18
    Environmental Liability.     Except as would not reasonably be expected to have, either individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on Umpqua, Umpqua and its Subsidiaries are in compliance, and have complied in the last seven years, with all Environmental Laws. There are no legal, administrative, arbitral or other proceedings, claims, actions, causes of action, private environmental investigations or remediation activities or governmental investigations of any nature seeking to impose, or that could reasonably result in the imposition, on Umpqua or any of its Subsidiaries of any liability or obligation arising under any applicable Environmental Law, pending or threatened against Umpqua, which liability or obligation would reasonably be expected to have, either individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on Umpqua. To the knowledge of Umpqua, there is no reasonable basis for any such proceeding, claim, action, cause of action or investigation that would impose any liability or obligation arising under any applicable Environmental Law that would reasonably be expected to have, either individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on Umpqua. Umpqua is not subject to any agreement, order, judgment, decree, letter or memorandum by or with any court, Governmental Entity, or third party imposing any liability or obligation arising under any applicable Environmental Law with respect to the foregoing that would reasonably be expected to have, either individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on Umpqua.


        4.19
    Investment Securities and Commodities.     

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        4.20
    Property.     Except as would not reasonably be expected to have, either individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on Umpqua, Umpqua or a Umpqua Subsidiary (a) has good and marketable title to all the properties and assets reflected in the latest audited balance sheet included in the Umpqua Reports as being owned by Umpqua or a Umpqua Subsidiary or acquired after the date thereof (except (x) properties sold or otherwise disposed of since the date thereof in the ordinary course of business and (y) properties categorized as OREO in the latest audited balance sheet included in the Umpqua Reports) (the "Umpqua Owned Properties"), free and clear of all material Liens, except for Permitted Encumbrances, and (b) is the lessee of all leasehold estates reflected in the latest audited financial statements included in such Umpqua Reports or leased after the date thereof (except for leases that have expired by their terms since the date thereof) (the "Umpqua Leased Properties" and, collectively with the Umpqua Owned Properties, the "Umpqua Real Property"), free and clear of all Liens of any nature whatsoever, except for Permitted Encumbrances, and is in possession of the properties purported to be leased thereunder, and each such lease is valid without default thereunder by the lessee or, to Umpqua's knowledge, the lessor. There are no pending or, to the knowledge of Umpqua, threatened condemnation proceedings against any material Umpqua Real Property.


        4.21
    Intellectual Property.     Except as would not reasonably be expected to have, either individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on Umpqua: (a) Umpqua and each of its Subsidiaries owns, or is licensed to use (in each case, free and clear of any material Liens), all Intellectual Property used in or necessary for the conduct of its business as currently conducted; (b) to the knowledge of Umpqua, the use of any Intellectual Property by Umpqua and its Subsidiaries does not infringe on, misappropriate or otherwise violate the rights of any person and, to the extent applicable, is in accordance with any applicable license pursuant to which Umpqua or any Umpqua Subsidiary acquired the right to use such Intellectual Property; (c) no person has asserted in writing that Umpqua or any of its Subsidiaries has infringed on, misappropriated or otherwise violated the Intellectual Property rights of such person; (d) to the knowledge of Umpqua, no person is challenging, infringing on or otherwise violating any right of Umpqua or any of its Subsidiaries with respect to any Intellectual Property owned by and/or exclusively licensed to Umpqua or its Subsidiaries; (e) neither Umpqua nor any Umpqua Subsidiary has received any written notice of any pending claim with respect to any Intellectual Property used by Umpqua or any Umpqua Subsidiary; and (f) to the knowledge of Umpqua, no Intellectual Property owned and/or exclusively licensed by Umpqua or any Umpqua Subsidiary is being used or enforced in a manner that would reasonably be expected to result in the abandonment, cancellation or unenforceability of such Intellectual Property.


        4.22
    Related Party Transactions.     Except (i) as set forth in Section 4.22 of the Umpqua Disclosure Schedule, (ii) "compensation" as defined in Item 402 of the SEC's Regulation S-K, (iii) ordinary course bank deposit, trust and asset management services on arms' length terms, (iv) other transactions or arrangements of a type available to employees of Umpqua or its Subsidiaries generally, (v) transactions, agreements, arrangements or understandings that were entered into in the ordinary course of business on arms' length terms with a portfolio company of a person owning 5% or more of the outstanding Umpqua Common Stock (or of any of such person's affiliates) or (vi) transactions, agreements, arrangements or understandings between Umpqua and one or more of its wholly-owned Subsidiaries or among wholly-owned Subsidiaries of Umpqua, there are no transactions or series of related transactions, agreements, arrangements or understandings between Umpqua or any of its Subsidiaries, on the one hand, and any current or former director or "executive officer" (as defined in Rule 3b-7 under the Exchange Act) of Umpqua or any of its Subsidiaries or any person who beneficially owns (as defined in Rules 13d-3 and 13d-5 of the Exchange Act) 5% or more of the outstanding Umpqua Common Stock (or, to the knowledge of Umpqua, any of such person's immediate family members or affiliates) (other than Subsidiaries of Umpqua) on the other hand.

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        4.23
    State Takeover Laws.     The Board of Directors of Umpqua has unanimously approved this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby and has taken all other actions that may be required to render inapplicable to such agreement and transactions Sections 60.801 through 60.816 and 60.825 through 60.845 of the OBCA and any similar "moratorium," "control share," "fair price," "takeover" or "interested shareholder" law under the laws of the State of Oregon (any such laws, "Oregon Takeover Statutes"). No Oregon Takeover Statutes will prohibit, restrict or impair the performance of Umpqua's obligations under this Agreement.


        4.24
    Reorganization.     Umpqua has not taken any action and is not aware of any fact or circumstance that could reasonably be expected to prevent the Merger from qualifying as a "reorganization" within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code.


        4.25
    Opinion.     Prior to the execution of this Agreement, Umpqua has received an opinion from J.P. Morgan Securities LLC to the effect that as of the date thereof and based upon and subject to the matters set forth therein, the Merger Consideration to be paid to the holders of Sterling Common Stock in the Merger is fair, from a financial point of view, to Umpqua. Such opinion has not been amended or rescinded as of the date of this Agreement.


        4.26
    Umpqua Information.     The information relating to Umpqua and its Subsidiaries which is provided by Umpqua or its representatives for inclusion in the Joint Proxy Statement and the S-4, or in any other document filed with any other Regulatory Agency in connection herewith, will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances in which they are made, not misleading. The portions of the Joint Proxy Statement relating to Umpqua and its Subsidiaries will comply in all material respects with the provisions of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder. The S-4 will comply in all material respects with the provisions of the Securities Act and the rules and regulations thereunder.


        4.27
    Loan Portfolio.     

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        4.28
    Insurance.     Except as would not reasonably be expected to have, either individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect on Umpqua, (a) Umpqua and its Subsidiaries are insured with reputable insurers against such risks and in such amounts as the management of Umpqua reasonably has determined to be prudent and consistent with industry practice, and Umpqua and its Subsidiaries are in compliance in all material respects with their insurance policies and are not in default under any of the terms thereof, (b) each such policy is outstanding and in full force and effect and, except for policies insuring against potential liabilities of officers, directors and employees of Umpqua and its Subsidiaries, Umpqua or the relevant Subsidiary thereof is the sole beneficiary of such policies, and (c) all premiums and other payments due under any such policy have been paid, and all claims thereunder have been filed in due and timely fashion.


        4.29
    Financing.     Umpqua has and will have at the Effective Time sufficient cash, available lines of credit or other sources of immediately available funds to enable it to consummate the Merger pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, including to pay the cash portion of the Merger Consideration and to pay all related fees and expenses of Umpqua and its Representatives pursuant to this Agreement.


        4.30
    No Other Representations or Warranties.     

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ARTICLE V

COVENANTS RELATING TO CONDUCT OF BUSINESS

        5.1    Conduct of Business Prior to the Effective Time.     During the period from the date of this Agreement to the Effective Time, except as expressly required or permitted by this Agreement (including as Previously Disclosed), or as required by applicable Law or as consented to in writing by the other party to this Agreement (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed), each of Umpqua and Sterling shall, and shall cause each of their respective Subsidiaries to, (a) conduct its business in the ordinary course in all material respects, (b) use commercially reasonable efforts to maintain and preserve intact its business organization and advantageous business relationships and retain the services of its key officers and key employees, and (c) take no action that would reasonably be expected to adversely affect or delay the obtaining of any necessary approvals of any Regulatory Agency or other Governmental Entity required for the transactions contemplated hereby or to perform its covenants and agreements under this Agreement or to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby.


        5.2
    Forbearances.     During the period from the date of this Agreement to the Effective Time, except as Previously Disclosed by Umpqua or Sterling, as the case may be, as required by applicable Law, and, except as expressly required or permitted by this Agreement, neither Umpqua nor Sterling shall, and neither Umpqua nor Sterling shall permit any of their respective Subsidiaries to, without the prior written consent of the other party to this Agreement (not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed):

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        5.3
    No Control of Other Party.     Nothing contained in this Agreement shall be deemed to give either party, directly or indirectly, the right to control or direct the operations of the other party prior to the Effective Time. Prior to the Effective Time, each party shall exercise, consistent with the terms and conditions of this Agreement, complete control and supervision over its and its Subsidiaries' respective operations.


ARTICLE VI

ADDITIONAL AGREEMENTS

        6.1    Regulatory Matters.     

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        6.2
    Access to Information.     

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        6.3
    Shareholders' Approvals.     

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        6.4    Legal Conditions to Merger.     Subject in all respects to Sections 6.1, 6.3 and 6.11, each of Umpqua and Sterling shall, and shall cause its Subsidiaries to, use their reasonable best efforts (a) to take, or cause to be taken, all actions necessary, proper or advisable to comply promptly with all legal requirements that may be imposed on such party or its Subsidiaries with respect to the Merger and the Bank Merger and, subject to the conditions set forth in Article VII, to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, and (b) to obtain (and to cooperate with the other party to obtain) any material consent, authorization, order or approval of, or any exemption by, any Governmental Entity and any other third party that is required to be obtained by Sterling or Umpqua or any of their respective Subsidiaries in connection with the Merger, the Bank Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement.


        6.5
    Stock Exchange Listing.     Umpqua shall cause the shares of Umpqua Common Stock to be issued in the Merger to be approved for listing on the NASDAQ, subject to official notice of issuance, prior to the Effective Time.

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        6.6
    Employee Benefit Plans.     

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        6.7
    Indemnification; Directors' and Officers' Insurance.     

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        6.8
    Additional Agreements.     In case at any time after the Effective Time any further action is necessary or desirable to carry out the purposes of this Agreement (including, without limitation, any merger between a Subsidiary of Umpqua, on the one hand, and a Subsidiary of Sterling, on the other) or to vest the Surviving Corporation with full title to all properties, assets, rights, approvals, immunities and franchises of any of the parties to the Merger, the officers of the Surviving Corporation shall be authorized to, in the name and on behalf of Sterling and Umpqua, execute and deliver such deeds, bills of sale, assignment or assurances and take all such other action as may be necessary in connection therewith.


        6.9
    Advice of Changes.     Umpqua and Sterling shall each promptly advise the other party of any change or event (i) that has had or is reasonably likely to have a Material Adverse Effect on it or (ii) which it believes would or would be reasonably likely to cause or constitute a material breach of any of its representations, warranties or covenants contained herein; provided, that any failure to give notice in accordance with the foregoing with respect to any change or event shall not be deemed to constitute a violation of this Section 6.9 or the failure of any condition set forth in Section 7.2 or 7.3 to be satisfied, or otherwise constitute a breach of this Agreement by the party failing to give such notice, in each case unless the underlying change or event would independently result in a failure of the conditions set forth in Section 7.2 or 7.3 to be satisfied.


        6.10
    Dividends.     After the date of this Agreement, each of Umpqua and Sterling shall coordinate with the other the declaration of any dividends in respect of Umpqua Common Stock and Sterling Common Stock and the record dates and payment dates relating thereto, it being the agreement of the parties hereto that holders of Sterling Common Stock shall not receive two dividends, or fail to receive one dividend, in any quarter with respect to their shares of Sterling Common Stock and any shares of Umpqua Common Stock any such holder receives in exchange therefor in the Merger.


        6.11
    Acquisition Proposals.     

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        6.12
    Public Announcements.     Sterling and Umpqua shall consult with and provide each other with the reasonable opportunity to review and comment upon any press release or other public statement or comment prior to the issuance of such press release or other public statement or comment relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and shall not issue any such press release or other public statement or comment prior to such consultation, except if such issuance, statement or comment is required by applicable Law, or by obligations pursuant to any listing agreement with or rules of any securities exchange and compliance with this Section 6.12 is not practicable.


        6.13
    Section 16 Matters.     Prior to the Effective Time, each of Sterling and Umpqua shall take all steps as may be required to cause any dispositions of Sterling Common Stock (including derivative securities with respect to Sterling Common Stock) or acquisitions of Umpqua Common Stock (including derivative securities with respect to Umpqua Common Stock) resulting from the transactions contemplated by Article I of this Agreement by each individual who is subject to the reporting requirements of Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act with respect to Sterling or will become subject to such reporting requirements with respect to Umpqua to be exempt under Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act.


        6.14
    Trust Preferred Securities.     Upon the Effective Time, Umpqua shall assume the due and punctual performance and observance of the covenants to be performed by Sterling under the Indenture, dated as of June 14, 2006, between Sterling and Wilmington Trust Company relating to floating rate trust preferred securities issued by Sterling Capital Statutory Trust VII (the "VII Trust Preferred Securities") and the Indenture, dated as of September 20, 2006, between Sterling and Wilmington Trust Company relating to floating rate trust preferred securities issued by Sterling Capital Statutory Trust VIII (the "VIII Trust Preferred Securities" and, together with the VII Trust Preferred Securities, the "Trust Preferred Securities"), and the due and punctual payment of the principal of and premium, if any, and interest on the Trust Preferred Securities. In connection therewith, Umpqua and Sterling shall execute and deliver any supplemental indentures or other documents, and the parties hereto shall provide any opinion of counsel, in each case reasonably requested by the trustee thereof, to the trustee thereof, required to make such assumptions effective.


        6.15
    Employment Agreements.     Simultaneous with the execution of this Agreement, Umpqua shall enter into employment agreements or agreements for services with each of the individuals listed in Section 6.15 of the Sterling Disclosure Schedule, to be effective as of and subject to the occurrence of the Effective Time, which agreements shall following the Effective Time set forth the terms and conditions of each such individual's employment or other relationship with the Surviving Corporation and shall supersede and replace any prior employment, retention, change of control or other similar agreements between each such individual and Sterling.

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ARTICLE VII

CONDITIONS PRECEDENT

        7.1    Conditions to Each Party's Obligation To Effect the Merger.     The respective obligations of the parties to effect the Merger shall be subject to the satisfaction at or prior to the Effective Time of the following conditions:


        7.2
    Conditions to Obligations of Umpqua.     The obligation of Umpqua to effect the Merger is also subject to the satisfaction or waiver by Umpqua, at or prior to the Effective Time, of the following conditions:

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        7.3
    Conditions to Obligations of Sterling.     The obligation of Sterling to effect the Merger is also subject to the satisfaction or waiver by Sterling, at or prior to the Effective Time, of the following conditions:

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ARTICLE VIII

TERMINATION AND AMENDMENT


        8.1
    Termination.     This Agreement may be terminated at any time prior to the Effective Time and, except as specified below, whether before or after adoption of this Agreement by the shareholders of Umpqua or Sterling:

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        The party desiring to terminate this Agreement pursuant to clause (b), (c), (d), (e), (f), or (g) of this Section 8.1 shall give written notice of such termination to the other party in accordance with Section 9.4, specifying the provision or provisions hereof pursuant to which such termination is effected and confirm that the Board of Directors of such terminating party has authorized such termination.


        8.2
    Effect of Termination     

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        8.3
    Amendment.     Subject to compliance with applicable Law, this Agreement may be amended by the parties hereto, by action taken or authorized by their respective Boards of Directors, at any time before or after approval of the matters presented in connection with Merger by the shareholders of Umpqua and Sterling; provided, however, that after adoption and approval of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby by the respective shareholders of Umpqua or Sterling, there may not be, without further approval of such shareholders, any amendment of this Agreement that changes the amount or the form of the consideration to be delivered hereunder to the holders of Sterling Common Stock or that otherwise requires the approval of such shareholders under applicable Law. This Agreement may not be amended except by an instrument in writing signed on behalf of each of the parties hereto.


        8.4
    Extension; Waiver.     At any time prior to the Effective Time, the parties hereto, by action taken or authorized by their respective Board of Directors, may, to the extent legally allowed, (a) extend the time for the performance of any of the obligations or other acts of the other parties hereto, (b) waive any inaccuracies in the representations and warranties contained herein or in any document delivered pursuant hereto, and (c) waive compliance with any of the agreements or satisfaction of any conditions contained herein; provided, however, that after adoption and approval of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby by the respective shareholders of Umpqua or Sterling, there may not be, without further approval of such shareholders, any extension or waiver of this Agreement or any portion thereof which reduces the amount or changes the form of the consideration to be delivered to the holders of Sterling Common Stock hereunder or that otherwise requires the approval of such shareholders under applicable Law. Any agreement on the part of a party hereto to any such extension or waiver shall be valid only if set forth in a written instrument signed on behalf of such party, but such extension or waiver or failure to insist on strict compliance with an obligation, covenant, agreement or condition shall not operate as a waiver of, or estoppel with respect to, any subsequent or other failure.


ARTICLE IX

GENERAL PROVISIONS


        9.1
    Closing.     Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, the closing of the Merger (the "Closing") will take place at 10:00 a.m. New York City time at the offices of Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz, on a date which shall be no later than two (2) business days after the satisfaction or waiver (subject to applicable Law) of the latest to occur of the conditions set forth in Article VII hereof (other than those conditions that by their nature can only be satisfied at the Closing, but subject

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to the satisfaction or waiver thereof), unless extended by mutual agreement of the parties (the "Closing Date").


        9.2
    Nonsurvival of Representations, Warranties and Agreements.     None of the representations, warranties, covenants and agreements in this Agreement or in any instrument delivered pursuant to this Agreement shall survive the Effective Time, except for Section 6.7 and for those other covenants and agreements contained herein and therein which by their terms apply or are to be performed in whole or in part after the Effective Time.


        9.3
    Expenses.     All costs and expenses incurred in connection with this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby shall be paid by the party incurring such expense; provided, however, that the costs and expenses of printing and mailing the Joint Proxy Statement and all filing and other fees paid to the SEC in connection with the Merger shall be borne equally by Umpqua and Sterling.


        9.4
    Notices.     All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed given if delivered personally, telecopied (with confirmation), mailed by registered or certified mail (return receipt requested) or delivered by an express courier (with confirmation) to the parties at the following addresses (or at such other address for a party as shall be specified by like notice):

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        9.5    Interpretation.     The parties have participated jointly in negotiating and drafting this Agreement. In the event that an ambiguity or a question of intent or interpretation arises, this Agreement shall be construed as if drafted jointly by the parties, and no presumption or burden of proof shall arise favoring or disfavoring any party by virtue of the authorship of any provision of this Agreement. When a reference is made in this Agreement to Articles, Sections, Exhibits or Schedules, such reference shall be to an Article or Section of or Exhibit or Schedule to this Agreement unless otherwise indicated. The table of contents and headings contained in this Agreement are for reference purposes only and shall not affect in any way the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement. Whenever the words "include," "includes" or "including" are used in this Agreement, they shall be deemed to be followed by the words "without limitation." References to "the date hereof" shall mean the date of this Agreement. As used in this Agreement, the "knowledge" of Sterling means the actual knowledge of any of the officers of Sterling listed on Section 9.5 of the Sterling Disclosure Schedule, and the "knowledge" of Umpqua means the actual knowledge of any of the officers of Umpqua listed on Section 9.5 of the Umpqua Disclosure Schedule. As used herein, (i) the term "person" means any individual, corporation (including not-for-profit), general or limited partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, estate, trust, association, organization, Governmental Entity or other entity of any kind or nature, and (ii) an "affiliate" of a specified person is any person that directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, such specified person. The Sterling Disclosure Schedule and the Umpqua Disclosure Schedule, as well as all other schedules and all exhibits hereto, shall be deemed part of this Agreement and included in any reference to this Agreement. Nothing contained herein shall require any party or person to take any action in violation of applicable Law.


        9.6
    Disclosure Schedule.     


        9.7
    Counterparts.     This Agreement may be executed in counterparts, all of which shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each of the parties and delivered to the other parties, it being understood that all parties need not sign the same counterpart.

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        9.8
    Entire Agreement.     This Agreement (including the documents and the instruments referred to herein) together with the Investor Letter Agreements and the Confidentiality Agreement constitutes the entire agreement among the parties and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings, both written and oral, among the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof.


        9.9
    Governing Law; Jurisdiction.     


        9.10
    Waiver of Jury Trial.     Each party acknowledges and agrees that any controversy which may arise under this Agreement is likely to involve complicated and difficult issues, and therefore each such party hereby irrevocably and unconditionally waives, to the extent permitted by Law at the time of institution of the applicable litigation, any right such party may have to a trial by jury in respect of any litigation directly or indirectly arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. Each party certifies and acknowledges that: (i) no representative, agent or attorney of any other party has represented, expressly or otherwise, that such other party would not, in the event of litigation, seek to enforce the foregoing waiver; (ii) each party understands and has considered the implications of this waiver; (iii) each party makes this waiver voluntarily; and (iv) each party has been induced to enter into this Agreement by, among other things, the mutual waivers and certifications in this Section 9.10.


        9.11
    Assignment; Third Party Beneficiaries.     Neither this Agreement nor any of the rights, interests or obligations shall be assigned by any of the parties hereto (whether by operation of Law or otherwise) without the prior written consent of the other party. Any purported assignment in contravention hereof shall be null and void. Subject to the preceding sentence, this Agreement will be binding upon, inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by the parties and their respective successors and assigns. Except as otherwise specifically provided in Section 6.7, this Agreement (including the documents and instruments referred to herein) is not intended to confer upon any person other than the parties hereto any rights or remedies hereunder, including the right to rely upon the representations and warranties set forth herein. The representations and warranties in this Agreement are the product of negotiations among the parties hereto and are for the sole benefit of the parties. Any inaccuracies in such representations and warranties are subject to waiver by the parties hereto in accordance herewith without notice or liability to any other person. In some instances, the representations and warranties in this Agreement may represent an allocation among the parties hereto of risks associated with particular matters regardless of the knowledge of any of the parties hereto. Consequently, persons other than the parties may not rely upon the representations and warranties in

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this Agreement as characterizations of actual facts or circumstances as of the date of this Agreement or as of any other date.


        9.12
    Specific Performance.     The parties hereto agree that irreparable damage would occur if any provision of this Agreement were not performed in accordance with the terms hereof and, accordingly, that the parties shall be entitled to an injunction or injunctions to prevent breaches of this Agreement or to enforce specifically the performance of the terms and provisions hereof (including the parties' obligation to consummate the Merger), in addition to any other remedy to which they are entitled at law or in equity. The parties hereto further agree to waive any requirement for the securing or posting of any bond in connection with any such remedy.


        9.13
    Severability.     Whenever possible, each provision or portion of any provision of this Agreement shall be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law, but if any provision or portion of any provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect under any applicable law or rule in any jurisdiction, such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall not affect any other provision or portion of any provision in such jurisdiction, and this Agreement shall be reformed, construed and enforced in such jurisdiction such that the invalid, illegal or unenforceable provision or portion thereof shall be interpreted to be only so broad as is enforceable.


        9.14
    Delivery by Facsimile or Electronic Transmission.     This Agreement and any signed agreement or instrument entered into in connection with this Agreement, and any amendments or waivers hereto or thereto, to the extent signed and delivered by means of a facsimile machine or by e-mail delivery of a ".pdf" format data file, shall be treated in all manner and respects as an original agreement or instrument and shall be considered to have the same binding legal effect as if it were the original signed version thereof delivered in person. No party hereto or to any such agreement or instrument shall raise the use of a facsimile machine or e-mail delivery of a ".pdf" format data file to deliver a signature to this Agreement or any amendment hereto or the fact that any signature or agreement or instrument was transmitted or communicated through the use of a facsimile machine or e-mail delivery of a ".pdf" format data file as a defense to the formation of a contract and each party hereto forever waives any such defense.

[Signature Page Follows]

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        IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have caused this Agreement to be executed by their respective officers thereunto duly authorized as of the date first above written.

 

      UMPQUA HOLDINGS CORPORATION

 

 

 

By:

 

/s/ RAYMOND P. DAVIS

          Name:   Raymond P. Davis
          Title:   Chief Executive Officer and President

 

      STERLING FINANCIAL CORPORATION

 

 

 

By:

 

/s/ PATRICK J. RUSNAK

          Name:   Patrick J. Rusnak
          Title:   Chief Financial Officer

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ANNEX B

September 11, 2013

Umpqua Holdings Corporation
One SW Columbia Street, Suite 1200
Portland, OR 97258

Sterling Financial Corporation
111 North Wall Street
Spokane, WA 99201

RE: Investor Letter Agreement

        Reference is made to the Merger Agreement, dated as of the date hereof, between Sterling Financial Corporation ("Sterling") and Umpqua Holdings Corporation ("Umpqua") (the "Merger Agreement"); capitalized terms have the meanings ascribed to them in the Merger Agreement. Warburg Pincus Private Equity X, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (together with Warburg Pincus X Partners, L.P., an affiliated Delaware limited partnership, "Holder") is a party to an Investment Agreement with Sterling, dated May 25, 2010, as amended (the "Investment Agreement").

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  Yours sincerely,



 

WARBURG PINCUS PRIVATE EQUITY X, L.P.

 

By:

 

Warburg Pincus X L.P., its general partner

      By:   Warburg Pincus X LLC, its general partner

          By:   Warburg Pincus Partners LLC, its sole member

              By:   Warburg Pincus & Co., its managing member

     

/s/ DAVID COULTER


Name:  David Coulter
Title:    
Partner

   

[Signature Page to Investor Letter Agreement—Warburg]

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  Yours sincerely,



 

WARBURG PINCUS X PARTNERS, L.P.

 

By:

 

Warburg Pincus X L.P., its general partner

      By:   Warburg Pincus X LLC, its general partner

          By:   Warburg Pincus Partners LLC, its sole member

              By:   Warburg Pincus & Co., its managing member

     

/s/ DAVID COULTER


Name:  David Coulter
Title:    
Partner

   

[Signature Page to Investor Letter Agreement—Warburg]

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Acknowledged and Agreed:    

UMPQUA HOLDINGS CORPORATION

 

 

By:

 

/s/ RAYMOND P. DAVIS


 

 
    Name:   Raymond P. Davis    
    Title:   Chief Executive Officer and President    

STERLING FINANCIAL CORPORATION

 

 

By:

 

/s/ PATRICK J. RUSNAK


 

 
    Name:   Patrick J. Rusnak    
    Title:   Chief Financial Officer    

   

[Signature Page to Investor Letter Agreement—Warburg]

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Exhibit A
Amendments to Investment Agreement

        Contingent upon, and effective upon the occurrence of the Effective Time:

A-1


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A-2


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        Except as set forth above, the terms and provisions of the Investment Agreement shall remain in full force and effect. At or after the Effective Time, each reference in the Investment Agreement (including the Exhibits and Schedules thereto) to "this Agreement," "hereunder," "hereof," "herein" or words of like import referring to the Investment Agreement shall mean and be a reference to the Investment Agreement as amended by this letter agreement.

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Exhibit B


GRAPHIC
 
GRAPHIC

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
Media Contacts

Eve Callahan
SVP, Corporate Communications
503.727.4188
evecallahan@umpquabank.com
 

Cara Coon
VP, Communications and Public Affairs Director
509.626.5348
cara.coon@bankwithsterling.com


Investor Contacts
Ron Farnsworth
EVP/Chief Financial Officer
503.727.4108
ronfarnsworth@umpquabank.com


 



Patrick J. Rusnak
EVP/Chief Financial Officer
509.227.0961
pat.rusnak@bankwithsterling.com


STERLING FINANCIAL CORPORATION TO MERGE WITH
UMPQUA HOLDINGS CORPORATION

-Will create West Coast's largest community bank with 394 locations in five states
-Sterling shareholders to receive a fixed exchange ratio combination of 1.671 shares of Umpqua stock
and $2.18 in cash per Sterling share

        Portland, Ore. and Spokane, Wash.—September 11, 2013—Umpqua Holdings Corporation (UMPQ) and Sterling Financial Corporation (STSA) announced today that they have entered into a definitive agreement pursuant to which Sterling will merge with and into Umpqua. The transaction will have a total value of approximately $2.0 billion.

        The merger will result in the West Coast's largest community bank with expanded geographic reach. The combined organization will have approximately $22 billion in assets, $15 billion in loans and $16 billion in deposits, with 5,000 associates and 394 stores across five states—Oregon, Washington, Idaho, California and Nevada. Umpqua and Sterling have also agreed to establish and fund a $10 million community foundation, underscoring their mutual commitment to serving their communities.

        Upon completion of the merger, the company will operate under the Umpqua Bank name and brand. It will continue to deliver the high-touch level of service that Umpqua and Sterling customers expect, with an expanded branch and ATM network and a broad range of products and expertise in retail, small business, private and corporate banking; asset and wealth management; and securities brokerage.

        Umpqua Holdings Corporation will continue to be led by Ray Davis as president and CEO. Sterling president and CEO Greg Seibly will join Umpqua Bank as co-president, with Umpqua Bank co-president Cort O'Haver serving in the same capacity.

        "Together, Umpqua and Sterling will create something unique in the financial services industry, an organization that offers the products and expertise of a large bank but delivers them with the personal service and commitment of a community bank," said Ray Davis. "With our size, shared cultures and financial strength, our combined organization will be uniquely positioned to deliver value for our associates, customers, communities and shareholders. We look forward to starting the process of bringing our companies together."

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        "Sterling has emerged from its 2010 recapitalization a stronger, more profitable bank," said Greg Seibly, president and CEO of Sterling Financial Corporation. "Over the past ten quarters we have consistently demonstrated a trend of improved profitability because of our employees' unwavering commitment to their customers and their communities. We admire Umpqua's shared commitment to community banking and look forward to working with them to create one of the strongest, most innovative community banks in the country."

        The boards of directors of both companies have unanimously approved the transaction. Upon completion, the combined Company's board will have 13 directors, comprised of nine representatives from Umpqua and four representatives from Sterling. Peggy Fowler will continue as board chair.

        Funds affiliated with Thomas H. Lee Partners, L.P. ("THL") and Warburg Pincus ("WP"), the two largest shareholders of Sterling, each owning approximately 20.8% of Sterling's outstanding common stock, have agreed to vote in favor of and fully support the transaction, and THL and WP have the right to designate a representative of each firm to serve on the board of directors of the combined company following closing.

        David Coulter, WP's Vice Chairman, said, "We have been very pleased with what Sterling has achieved since we made our investment in 2010, and are delighted with the decision to combine with Umpqua. Umpqua has a long record of achievement and creating shareholder value, and together with Sterling will create what we believe will be the leading community bank in the West."

        Josh Bresler, Managing Director at THL, said, "The great potential that initially attracted us to making a significant investment in Sterling three years ago has been realized through the successful efforts of Greg Seibly and the entire Sterling team, and the merger with Umpqua is the logical next step for Sterling. The merger pairs two companies with exceptional management teams and franchises, and we believe it will create substantial value for us and all of the shareholders of both companies."

        Under the terms of the agreement, Sterling shareholders will receive 1.671 shares of Umpqua common stock and $2.18 cash for each share of Sterling common stock. The total value of the Sterling merger consideration, based on the closing price of Umpqua shares on September 11, 2013 of $16.96, is $30.52.

        The transaction is intended to qualify as a tax-free reorganization for U.S. federal income tax purposes and Sterling shareholders are not expected to recognize any taxable gain or loss in connection with the share exchange to the extent of the stock consideration received. Giving effect to the transaction, existing shareholders of Umpqua are expected to own approximately 51% of the outstanding shares of the combined company at closing, and Sterling shareholders are expected to own approximately 49%.

        Umpqua expects the acquisition to be 12% accretive to 2015 operating earnings per share with 100% of synergies phased in. Tangible book value per common share is expected to be diluted by 4.6% at closing, with a two-and-one-half year earnback on a proforma basis.

        Completion is expected during the first half of 2014, and is subject to approval by each company's shareholders, regulatory approvals and other customary closing conditions.

        J.P. Morgan Securities LLC served as financial advisor and provided a fairness opinion to Umpqua's board, and Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz served as legal counsel to Umpqua. Sandler O'Neill + Partners, L.P. served as financial advisor and provided a fairness opinion to Sterling's board, and Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP served as legal counsel to Sterling.


Conference call

        Umpqua and Sterling will host an investor conference call to discuss the merger tomorrow, September 12, 2013, at 9:00 a.m. PDT. The conference call can be accessed by dialing 888-299-7207, passcode 9113028. A replay will be available at 888-203-1112, passcode 9113028. In connection with the

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announcement of the transaction, an investor presentation will be filed with the SEC and will be available on Umpqua's website at www.umpquaholdingscorp.com and on Sterling's website at www.sterlingfinancialcorporation.com.


About Umpqua Holdings Corporation

        Umpqua Holdings Corporation (NASDAQ: UMPQ) is the parent company of Umpqua Bank, an Oregon-based community bank recognized for its entrepreneurial approach, innovative use of technology, and distinctive banking solutions. Umpqua Bank has locations between San Francisco, California, and Seattle, Washington, along the Oregon and Northern California Coast, Central Oregon and Northern Nevada. Umpqua Holdings also owns a retail brokerage subsidiary, Umpqua Investments, Inc., which has locations in Umpqua Bank stores and in dedicated offices in Oregon. Umpqua Private Bank serves high net worth individuals and non-profits, providing trust and investment services. Sterling Financial Corporation to Merge With Umpqua Holdings Corporation Umpqua Holdings Corporation is headquartered in Portland, Oregon. For more information, visit www.umpquaholdingscorp.com.


About Sterling Financial Corporation

        Sterling Financial Corporation (NASDAQ:STSA) of Spokane, Washington, is the bank holding company for Sterling Savings Bank, a Washington state chartered and federally insured commercial bank. Sterling Savings Bank does business as Sterling Bank in Washington, Oregon and Idaho and as Sonoma Bank and Borrego Springs Bank in California. The bank offers banking products and services, mortgage lending, and trust and investment products to individuals, small businesses, corporations and other commercial organizations. As of June 30, 2013, Sterling Financial Corporation had assets of $9.94 billion and operated depository branches in Washington, Oregon, Idaho and California. Visit Sterling Financial Corporation's website at www.sterlingfinancialcorporation.com.


Important Information for Investors and Shareholders

        This communication does not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy any securities or a solicitation of any vote or approval, nor shall there be any sale of securities in any jurisdiction in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful prior to registration or qualification under the securities laws of such jurisdiction. Umpqua Holdings Corporation ("Umpqua") will file with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") a registration statement on Form S-4 containing a joint proxy statement/prospectus of Sterling Financial Corporation ("Sterling") and Umpqua, and Sterling and Umpqua will each file other documents with respect to the proposed merger. A definitive joint proxy statement/prospectus will be mailed to shareholders of Sterling and Umpqua. Investors and security holders of Sterling and Umpqua are urged to read the joint proxy statement/prospectus and other documents that will be filed with the SEC carefully and in their entirety when they become available because they will contain important information. Investors and security holders will be able to obtain free copies of the registration statement and the joint proxy statement/prospectus (when available) and other documents filed with the SEC by Umpqua or Sterling through the website maintained by the SEC at http://www.sec.gov. Copies of the documents filed with the SEC by Umpqua will be available free of charge on Umpqua's internet website at www.umpquaholdingscorp.com or by contacting Umpqua's Investor Relations Department at 503.268.6675. Copies of the documents filed with the SEC by Sterling will be available free of charge on Sterling's internet website at www.sterlingfinancialcorporation.com or by contacting Sterling's Investor Relations Department at 509.358.8097.

        Umpqua, Sterling, their respective directors and executive officers and other members of management and employees may be considered participants in the solicitation of proxies in connection with the proposed transaction. Information about the directors and executive officers of Umpqua is set forth in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012, which was filed with

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the SEC on February 15, 2013, its Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarterly periods ended March 31, 2013 and June 30, 2013, which were filed with the SEC on May 2, 2013 and August 6, 2013, respectively, its proxy statement for its 2013 annual meeting of stockholders, which was filed with the SEC on February 25, 2013, and its Current Reports on Form 8-K, which were filed with the SEC on January 14, 2013, April 11, 2013 and April 22, 2013, respectively. Information about the directors and executive officers of Sterling is set forth in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012, which was filed with the SEC on February 27, 2013, its proxy statement for its 2013 annual meeting of stockholders, which was filed with the SEC on March 15, 2013, and its Current Reports on Form 8-K or 8-K/A, which were filed with the SEC on January 28, 2013, March 4, 2013, May 2, 2013 (Item 5.07), May 10, 2013, June 20, 2013 and August 9, 2013, respectively. Other information regarding the participants in the proxy solicitations and a description of their direct and indirect interests, by security holdings or otherwise, will be contained in the joint proxy statement/prospectus and other relevant materials to be filed with the SEC when they become available.


Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

        This document contains certain "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the safe harbor provisions of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements may be identified by the use of words such as "anticipate", "may", "can", "believe", "expect", "project", "intend", "likely", "plan", "seek", "should", "would", "estimate" and similar expressions and any other statements that predict or indicate future events or trends or that are not statements of historical facts. These forward-looking statements are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ materially from the results discussed in these forward-looking statements because such statements are inherently subject to significant assumptions, risks and uncertainties, many of which are difficult to predict and are generally beyond Sterling's and Umpqua's control. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, the following: failure to obtain the approval of shareholders of Sterling or Umpqua in connection with the merger; the timing to consummate the proposed merger; the risk that a condition to closing of the proposed merger may not be satisfied; the risk that a regulatory approval that may be required for the proposed merger is not obtained or is obtained subject to conditions that are not anticipated; the parties' ability to achieve the synergies and value creation contemplated by the proposed merger; the parties' ability to promptly and effectively integrate the businesses of Sterling and Umpqua; the diversion of management time on issues related to the merger; the failure to consummate or delay in consummating the merger for other reasons; changes in laws or regulations; and changes in general economic conditions. Sterling and Umpqua undertake no obligation (and expressly disclaim any such obligation) to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. For additional information concerning factors that could cause actual conditions, events or results to materially differ from those described in the forward-looking statements, please refer to the factors set forth under the headings "Risk Factors" and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in Umpqua's and Sterling's most recent Form 10-K and 10-Q reports and to Sterling's and Umpqua's most recent Form 8-K reports, which are available online at www.sec.gov. No assurances can be given that any of the events anticipated by the forward-looking statements will transpire or occur, or if any of them do so, what impact they will have on the results of operations or financial condition of Umpqua or Sterling.

#    #    #

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ANNEX C

September 11, 2013

Umpqua Holdings Corporation
One SW Columbia Street, Suite 1200
Portland, OR 97258

Sterling Financial Corporation
111 North Wall Street
Spokane, WA 99201

RE: Investor Letter Agreement

        Reference is made to the Merger Agreement, dated as of the date hereof, between Sterling Financial Corporation ("Sterling") and Umpqua Holdings Corporation ("Umpqua") (the "Merger Agreement"); capitalized terms have the meanings ascribed to them in the Merger Agreement. The signatory hereto ("Holder") is a party to a Second Amended and Restated Investment Agreement with Sterling, dated May 25, 2010, as amended (the "Investment Agreement").

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  Yours sincerely,



 

THOMAS H. LEE EQUITY FUND VI, L.P.

 

By:

 

THL Equity Advisors VI, LLC, its general partner

  By:   Thomas H. Lee Partners, L.P., its sole member

  By:   Thomas H. Lee Advisors, LLC, its general partner

  By:   THL Holdco, LLC, its managing member

 

By:

 

/s/ THOMAS M. HAGERTY


      Name:   Thomas M. Hagerty

      Title:   Managing Director



 

THOMAS H. LEE PARALLEL FUND VI, L.P.

 

By:

 

THL Equity Advisors VI, LLC, its general partner

  By:   Thomas H. Lee Partners, L.P., its sole member

  By:   Thomas H. Lee Advisors, LLC, its general partner

  By:   THL Holdco, LLC, its managing member

 

By:

 

/s/ THOMAS M. HAGERTY


      Name:   Thomas M. Hagerty

      Title:   Managing Director



 

THOMAS H. LEE PARALLEL (DT) FUND VI, L.P.

 

By:

 

THL Equity Advisors VI, LLC, its general partner

  By:   Thomas H. Lee Partners, L.P., its sole member

  By:   Thomas H. Lee Advisors, LLC, its general partner

  By:   THL Holdco, LLC, its managing member

 

By:

 

/s/ THOMAS M. HAGERTY


      Name:   Thomas M. Hagerty

      Title:   Managing Director

   

[Signature Page to Investor Letter Agreement—Thomas H. Lee]

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Acknowledged and Agreed:    

UMPQUA HOLDINGS CORPORATION

 

 

By:

 

/s/ RAYMOND P. DAVIS


 

 
    Name:   Raymond P. Davis    
    Title:   Chief Executive Officer and President    

STERLING FINANCIAL CORPORATION

 

 

By:

 

/s/ PATRICK J. RUSNAK


 

 
    Name:   Patrick J. Rusnak    
    Title:   Chief Financial Officer    

   

[Signature Page to Investor Letter Agreement—Thomas H. Lee]

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Exhibit A
Amendments to Investment Agreement

        Contingent upon, and effective upon the occurrence of the Effective Time:

A-1


Table of Contents

A-2


Table of Contents

        Except as set forth above, the terms and provisions of the Investment Agreement shall remain in full force and effect. At or after the Effective Time, each reference in the Investment Agreement (including the Exhibits and Schedules thereto) to "this Agreement," "hereunder," "hereof," "herein" or words of like import referring to the Investment Agreement shall mean and be a reference to the Investment Agreement as amended by this letter agreement.

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Exhibit B


GRAPHIC
 
GRAPHIC

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
Media Contacts

Eve Callahan   Cara Coon
SVP, Corporate Communications   VP, Communications and Public Affairs Director
503.727.4188   509.626.5348
evecallahan@umpquabank.com   cara.coon@bankwithsterling.com

Investor Contacts

 

 
Ron Farnsworth   Patrick J. Rusnak
EVP/Chief Financial Officer   EVP/Chief Financial Officer
503.727.4108   509.227.0961
ronfarnsworth@umpquabank.com   pat.rusnak@bankwithsterling.com


STERLING FINANCIAL CORPORATION TO MERGE WITH
UMPQUA HOLDINGS CORPORATION

—Will create West Coast's largest community bank with 394 locations in five states
—Sterling shareholders to receive a fixed exchange ratio combination of 1.671 shares of Umpqua stock
and $2.18 in cash per Sterling share

        Portland, Ore. and Spokane, Wash.—September 11, 2013—Umpqua Holdings Corporation (UMPQ) and Sterling Financial Corporation (STSA) announced today that they have entered into a definitive agreement pursuant to which Sterling will merge with and into Umpqua. The transaction will have a total value of approximately $2.0 billion.

        The merger will result in the West Coast's largest community bank with expanded geographic reach. The combined organization will have approximately $22 billion in assets, $15 billion in loans and $16 billion in deposits, with 5,000 associates and 394 stores across five states—Oregon, Washington, Idaho, California and Nevada. Umpqua and Sterling have also agreed to establish and fund a $10 million community foundation, underscoring their mutual commitment to serving their communities.

        Upon completion of the merger, the company will operate under the Umpqua Bank name and brand. It will continue to deliver the high-touch level of service that Umpqua and Sterling customers expect, with an expanded branch and ATM network and a broad range of products and expertise in retail, small business, private and corporate banking; asset and wealth management; and securities brokerage.

        Umpqua Holdings Corporation will continue to be led by Ray Davis as president and CEO. Sterling president and CEO Greg Seibly will join Umpqua Bank as co-president, with Umpqua Bank co-president Cort O'Haver serving in the same capacity.

        "Together, Umpqua and Sterling will create something unique in the financial services industry, an organization that offers the products and expertise of a large bank but delivers them with the personal service and commitment of a community bank," said Ray Davis. "With our size, shared cultures and financial strength, our combined organization will be uniquely positioned to deliver value for our associates, customers, communities and shareholders. We look forward to starting the process of bringing our companies together."

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        "Sterling has emerged from its 2010 recapitalization a stronger, more profitable bank," said Greg Seibly, president and CEO of Sterling Financial Corporation. "Over the past ten quarters we have consistently demonstrated a trend of improved profitability because of our employees' unwavering commitment to their customers and their communities. We admire Umpqua's shared commitment to community banking and look forward to working with them to create one of the strongest, most innovative community banks in the country."

        The boards of directors of both companies have unanimously approved the transaction. Upon completion, the combined Company's board will have 13 directors, comprised of nine representatives from Umpqua and four representatives from Sterling. Peggy Fowler will continue as board chair.

        Funds affiliated with Thomas H. Lee Partners, L.P. ("THL") and Warburg Pincus ("WP"), the two largest shareholders of Sterling, each owning approximately 20.8% of Sterling's outstanding common stock, have agreed to vote in favor of and fully support the transaction, and THL and WP have the right to designate a representative of each firm to serve on the board of directors of the combined company following closing.

        David Coulter, WP's Vice Chairman, said, "We have been very pleased with what Sterling has achieved since we made our investment in 2010, and are delighted with the decision to combine with Umpqua. Umpqua has a long record of achievement and creating shareholder value, and together with Sterling will create what we believe will be the leading community bank in the West."

        Josh Bresler, Managing Director at THL, said, "The great potential that initially attracted us to making a significant investment in Sterling three years ago has been realized through the successful efforts of Greg Seibly and the entire Sterling team, and the merger with Umpqua is the logical next step for Sterling. The merger pairs two companies with exceptional management teams and franchises, and we believe it will create substantial value for us and all of the shareholders of both companies."

        Under the terms of the agreement, Sterling shareholders will receive 1.671 shares of Umpqua common stock and $2.18 cash for each share of Sterling common stock. The total value of the Sterling merger consideration, based on the closing price of Umpqua shares on September 11, 2013 of $16.96, is $30.52.

        The transaction is intended to qualify as a tax-free reorganization for U.S. federal income tax purposes and Sterling shareholders are not expected to recognize any taxable gain or loss in connection with the share exchange to the extent of the stock consideration received. Giving effect to the transaction, existing shareholders of Umpqua are expected to own approximately 51% of the outstanding shares of the combined company at closing, and Sterling shareholders are expected to own approximately 49%.

        Umpqua expects the acquisition to be 12% accretive to 2015 operating earnings per share with 100% of synergies phased in. Tangible book value per common share is expected to be diluted by 4.6% at closing, with a two-and-one-half year earnback on a proforma basis.

        Completion is expected during the first half of 2014, and is subject to approval by each company's shareholders, regulatory approvals and other customary closing conditions.

        J.P. Morgan Securities LLC served as financial advisor and provided a fairness opinion to Umpqua's board, and Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz served as legal counsel to Umpqua. Sandler O'Neill + Partners, L.P. served as financial advisor and provided a fairness opinion to Sterling's board, and Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP served as legal counsel to Sterling.


Conference call

        Umpqua and Sterling will host an investor conference call to discuss the merger tomorrow, September 12, 2013, at 9:00 a.m. PDT. The conference call can be accessed by dialing 888-299-7207,

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passcode 9113028. A replay will be available at 888-203-1112, passcode 9113028. In connection with the announcement of the transaction, an investor presentation will be filed with the SEC and will be available on Umpqua's website at www.umpquaholdingscorp.com and on Sterling's website at www.sterlingfinancialcorporation.com.


About Umpqua Holdings Corporation

        Umpqua Holdings Corporation (NASDAQ: UMPQ) is the parent company of Umpqua Bank, an Oregon-based community bank recognized for its entrepreneurial approach, innovative use of technology, and distinctive banking solutions.

        Umpqua Bank has locations between San Francisco, California, and Seattle, Washington, along the Oregon and Northern California Coast, Central Oregon and Northern Nevada. Umpqua Holdings also owns a retail brokerage subsidiary, Umpqua Investments, Inc., which has locations in Umpqua Bank stores and in dedicated offices in Oregon. Umpqua Private Bank serves high net worth individuals and non-profits, providing trust and investment services. Umpqua Holdings Corporation is headquartered in Portland, Oregon. For more information, visit www.umpquaholdingscorp.com.


About Sterling Financial Corporation

        Sterling Financial Corporation (NASDAQ:STSA) of Spokane, Washington, is the bank holding company for Sterling Savings Bank, a Washington state chartered and federally insured commercial bank. Sterling Savings Bank does business as Sterling Bank in Washington, Oregon and Idaho and as Sonoma Bank and Borrego Springs Bank in California. The bank offers banking products and services, mortgage lending, and trust and investment products to individuals, small businesses, corporations and other commercial organizations. As of June 30, 2013, Sterling Financial Corporation had assets of $9.94 billion and operated depository branches in Washington, Oregon, Idaho and California. Visit Sterling Financial Corporation's website at www.sterlingfinancialcorporation.com.


Important Information for Investors and Shareholders

        This communication does not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy any securities or a solicitation of any vote or approval, nor shall there be any sale of securities in any jurisdiction in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful prior to registration or qualification under the securities laws of such jurisdiction. Umpqua Holdings Corporation ("Umpqua") will file with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") a registration statement on Form S-4 containing a joint proxy statement/prospectus of Sterling Financial Corporation ("Sterling") and Umpqua, and Sterling and Umpqua will each file other documents with respect to the proposed merger. A definitive joint proxy statement/prospectus will be mailed to shareholders of Sterling and Umpqua. Investors and security holders of Sterling and Umpqua are urged to read the joint proxy statement/prospectus and other documents that will be filed with the SEC carefully and in their entirety when they become available because they will contain important information. Investors and security holders will be able to obtain free copies of the registration statement and the joint proxy statement/prospectus (when available) and other documents filed with the SEC by Umpqua or Sterling through the website maintained by the SEC at http://www.sec.gov. Copies of the documents filed with the SEC by Umpqua will be available free of charge on Umpqua's internet website at www.umpquaholdingscorp.com or by contacting Umpqua's Investor Relations Department at 503.268.6675. Copies of the documents filed with the SEC by Sterling will be available free of charge on Sterling's internet website at www.sterlingfinancialcorporation.com or by contacting Sterling's Investor Relations Department at 509.358.8097.

        Umpqua, Sterling, their respective directors and executive officers and other members of management and employees may be considered participants in the solicitation of proxies in connection

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with the proposed transaction. Information about the directors and executive officers of Umpqua is set forth in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012, which was filed with the SEC on February 15, 2013, its Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarterly periods ended March 31, 2013 and June 30, 2013, which were filed with the SEC on May 2, 2013 and August 6, 2013, respectively, its proxy statement for its 2013 annual meeting of stockholders, which was filed with the SEC on February 25, 2013, and its Current Reports on Form 8-K, which were filed with the SEC on January 14, 2013, April 11, 2013 and April 22, 2013, respectively. Information about the directors and executive officers of Sterling is set forth in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012, which was filed with the SEC on February 27, 2013, its proxy statement for its 2013 annual meeting of stockholders, which was filed with the SEC on March 15, 2013, and its Current Reports on Form 8-K or 8-K/A, which were filed with the SEC on January 28, 2013, March 4, 2013, May 2, 2013 (Item 5.07), May 10, 2013, June 20, 2013 and August 9, 2013, respectively. Other information regarding the participants in the proxy solicitations and a description of their direct and indirect interests, by security holdings or otherwise, will be contained in the joint proxy statement/prospectus and other relevant materials to be filed with the SEC when they become available.


Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

        This document contains certain "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the safe harbor provisions of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements may be identified by the use of words such as "anticipate", "may", "can", "believe", "expect", "project", "intend", "likely", "plan", "seek", "should", "would", "estimate" and similar expressions and any other statements that predict or indicate future events or trends or that are not statements of historical facts. These forward-looking statements are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ materially from the results discussed in these forward-looking statements because such statements are inherently subject to significant assumptions, risks and uncertainties, many of which are difficult to predict and are generally beyond Sterling's and Umpqua's control. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, the following: failure to obtain the approval of shareholders of Sterling or Umpqua in connection with the merger; the timing to consummate the proposed merger; the risk that a condition to closing of the proposed merger may not be satisfied; the risk that a regulatory approval that may be required for the proposed merger is not obtained or is obtained subject to conditions that are not anticipated; the parties' ability to achieve the synergies and value creation contemplated by the proposed merger; the parties' ability to promptly and effectively integrate the businesses of Sterling and Umpqua; the diversion of management time on issues related to the merger; the failure to consummate or delay in consummating the merger for other reasons; changes in laws or regulations; and changes in general economic conditions. Sterling and Umpqua undertake no obligation (and expressly disclaim any such obligation) to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. For additional information concerning factors that could cause actual conditions, events or results to materially differ from those described in the forward-looking statements, please refer to the factors set forth under the headings "Risk Factors" and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in Umpqua's and Sterling's most recent Form 10-K and 10-Q reports and to Sterling's and Umpqua's most recent Form 8-K reports, which are available online at www.sec.gov. No assurances can be given that any of the events anticipated by the forward-looking statements will transpire or occur, or if any of them do so, what impact they will have on the results of operations or financial condition of Umpqua or Sterling.

#    #    #

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ANNEX D

September 11, 2013

Board of Directors
Sterling Financial Corporation
111 North Wall Street
Spokane, WA 99201

Ladies and Gentlemen:

        Sterling Financial Corporation ("Sterling") and Umpqua Holdings Corporation ("Umpqua") are proposing to enter into an agreement and plan of merger, dated as of September 11, 2013 (the "Agreement") pursuant to which Sterling will merge with and into Umpqua, with Umpqua as the surviving entity (the "Merger"). Pursuant to the terms of the merger, upon the effective date of the Merger, each share of the common stock of Sterling (the "Sterling Common Stock") issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time, except for those shares as specified in the Agreement, shall be converted into the right to receive (x) 1.671 shares (the "Stock Consideration") of the common stock, no par value per share, of Umpqua (the "Umpqua Common Stock and (y) $2.18 in cash (the "Cash Consideration" and, together with the Stock Consideration and any cash in lieu of fractional shares payable pursuant to the Agreement, the "Merger Consideration"). The other terms and conditions of the Merger are more fully set forth in the Agreement, and capitalized terms used herein without definition shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Agreement. You have requested our opinion as to the fairness, from a financial point of view, of the Merger Consideration to the holders of Sterling Common Stock.

        Sandler O'Neill & Partners, L.P., as part of its investment banking business, is regularly engaged in the valuation of financial institutions and their securities in connection with mergers and acquisitions and other corporate transactions. In connection with this opinion, we have reviewed, among other things: (i) the Agreement; (ii) certain publicly available financial statements and other historical financial information of Sterling that we deemed relevant; (iii) certain financial statements of Umpqua that we deemed relevant; (iv) median publicly available analyst earnings estimates for Sterling for the years ending December 31, 2013 through December 31, 2014 and a long-term earnings growth rate for the years thereafter as provided by senior management of Sterling; (v) median publicly available analyst earnings estimates for Umpqua for the years ending December 31, 2013 through December 31, 2015 and a long-term earnings growth rate for the years thereafter as provided by senior management of Umpqua; (vi) certain estimated transaction costs, purchase accounting adjustments, expected cost savings and other synergies which were provided by Umpqua; (vii) a comparison of certain financial and other information, including relevant stock trading information, for Sterling and Umpqua with similar publicly available information for certain other commercial banks, the securities of which are publicly traded; (viii) the terms and structures of other recent mergers and acquisition transactions in the commercial banking sector; (ix) the current market environment generally and in the commercial banking sector in particular; and (x) such other information, financial studies, analyses and investigations and financial, economic and market criteria as we considered relevant. We also discussed with certain members of senior management of Sterling the business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects of Sterling and held similar discussions with the senior management of Umpqua regarding the business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects of Umpqua.

        In performing our review, we have relied upon the accuracy and completeness of all of the financial and other information that was available to us from public sources, that was provided to us by Sterling and Umpqua or that was otherwise reviewed by us and have assumed such accuracy and completeness for purposes of preparing this letter. We have further relied on the assurances of the respective managements of Sterling and Umpqua that they are not aware of any facts or circumstances

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that would make any of such information inaccurate or misleading in any material respect. We did not make an independent evaluation or appraisal of the specific assets, the collateral securing assets or the liabilities (contingent or otherwise) of Sterling and Umpqua or any of their respective subsidiaries. We did not make an independent evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses of Sterling, Umpqua or the combined entity after the Merger and we have we not reviewed any individual credit files relating to Sterling and Umpqua. We have assumed, with your consent, that the respective allowances for loan losses for both Sterling and Umpqua are adequate to cover such losses and will be adequate on a pro forma basis for the combined entity.

        In preparing its analyses, Sandler O'Neill used median publicly available earnings estimates for Sterling and Umpqua and an estimated long-term growth rate as provided by the respective senior managements of Sterling and Umpqua. Sandler O'Neill also received and used in its analyses certain projections of transaction costs, purchase accounting adjustments, expected cost savings and other synergies which were provided by Umpqua. With respect to those projections, estimates and judgments, the respective management of Sterling and Umpqua confirmed to us that those projections, estimates and judgments reflected the best currently available estimates and judgments of those respective managements of the future financial performance of Sterling and Umpqua, respectively, and we assumed that such performance would be achieved. We express no opinion as to such estimates or the assumptions on which they are based. We have assumed that there has been no material change in the respective assets, financial condition, results of operations, business or prospects of Sterling and Umpqua since the date of the most recent financial data made available to us. We have also assumed in all respects material to our analysis that Sterling and Umpqua would remain as a going concern for all periods relevant to our analyses. We express no opinion as to any of the legal, accounting and tax matters relating to the Merger and any other transactions contemplated in connection therewith.

        Our analyses and the views expressed herein are necessarily based on financial, economic, regulatory, market and other conditions as in effect on, and the information made available to us as of, the date hereof. Events occurring after the date hereof could materially affect our views. We have not undertaken to update, revise, reaffirm or withdraw this letter or otherwise comment upon events occurring after the date hereof. We express no opinion as to the trading values of the Sterling Common Stock and the Umpqua Common Stock after the date of this opinion or what the value of the Umpqua Common Stock will be once it is actually received by the holders of Sterling Common Stock.

        We have acted as Sterling's financial advisor in connection with the Merger and a significant portion of our fees are contingent upon the closing of the Merger. We also will receive a fee from Sterling as a result of Sterling entering into the Agreement. Sterling has also agreed to indemnify us against certain liabilities arising out of our engagement. In the ordinary course of our business as a broker-dealer, we may purchase securities from and sell securities to Sterling and Umpqua and their affiliates. We may also actively trade the equity and debt securities of Sterling and Umpqua or their affiliates for our own account and for the accounts of our customers.

        This letter is directed to the Board of Directors of Sterling in connection with its consideration of the Merger and does not constitute a recommendation to any shareholder of Sterling as to how such shareholder should vote at any meeting of shareholders called to consider and vote upon the Merger. Our opinion is directed only to the fairness, from a financial point of view, of the Merger Consideration to be paid to holders of Sterling Common Stock and does not address the underlying business decision of Sterling to engage in the Merger, the relative merits of the Merger as compared to any other alternative business strategies that might exist for Sterling or the effect of any other transaction in which Sterling might engage. This opinion shall not be reproduced without Sandler O'Neill's prior written consent, provided however Sandler O'Neill has provided its consent for the opinion to be included in required regulatory filings (including the proxy statement to be sent to shareholders of Sterling) to be completed in connection with the Merger. This Opinion has been approved by Sandler O'Neill's fairness opinion committee. We do not express any opinion as to the

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fairness of the amount or nature of the compensation to be received in the Merger by Sterling's officers, directors, or employees, or class of such persons, relative to the compensation to be received in the Merger by any other shareholders of Sterling.

        Based upon and subject to the foregoing, it is our opinion that, as of the date hereof, the Merger Consideration is fair to the holders of Sterling common stock from a financial point of view.

 
   
    Very truly yours,

 

 

/s/ Sandler O'Neill + Partners, L.P.

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ANNEX E

September 10, 2013

The Board of Directors
Umpqua Holdings Corporation
One SW Columbia Street, Suite 1200
Portland, OR 97258

Members of the Board of Directors:

        You have requested our opinion as to the fairness, from a financial point of view, to Umpqua Holdings Corporation (the "Company") of the consideration to be paid by the Company in the proposed merger (the "Transaction") of the Company with Sterling Financial Corporation (the "Merger Partner"). Pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger (the "Agreement") between the Company and the Merger Partner, the Merger Partner will be merged with and into the Company, and each outstanding share of common stock, no par value, of the Merger Partner (the "Merger Partner Common Stock"), other than shares of Merger Partner Common Stock held in treasury or owned by the Company and its affiliates and Dissenting Shares (as defined in the Agreement) will be converted into the right to receive consideration per share equal to $2.18 in cash (the "Cash Consideration") and 1.671 shares (the "Stock Consideration", and together with the Cash Consideration, the "Consideration") of the Company's common stock, no par value (the "Company Common Stock").

        In connection with preparing our opinion, we have (i) reviewed a draft, dated September 8, 2013, of the Agreement; (ii) reviewed certain publicly available business and financial information concerning the Merger Partner and the Company and the industries in which they operate; (iii) compared the proposed financial terms of the Transaction with the publicly available financial terms of certain transactions involving companies we deemed relevant and the consideration received for such companies; (iv) compared the financial and operating performance of the Merger Partner and the Company with publicly available information concerning certain other companies we deemed relevant and reviewed the current and historical market prices of the Merger Partner Common Stock and the Company Common Stock and certain publicly traded securities of such other companies; (v) reviewed certain internal financial analyses and forecasts prepared by or at the direction of the managements of the Merger Partner and the Company relating to their respective businesses, as well as the estimated amount and timing of the cost savings and related expenses and synergies expected to result from the Transaction (the "Synergies"); and (vi) performed such other financial studies and analyses and considered such other information as we deemed appropriate for the purposes of this opinion.

        In addition, we have held discussions with certain members of the management of the Merger Partner and the Company with respect to certain aspects of the Transaction, and the past and current business operations of the Merger Partner and the Company, the financial condition and future prospects and operations of the Merger Partner and the Company, the effects of the Transaction on the financial condition and future prospects of the Company, and certain other matters we believed necessary or appropriate to our inquiry.

        In giving our opinion, we have relied upon and assumed the accuracy and completeness of all information that was publicly available or was furnished to or discussed with us by the Merger Partner and the Company or otherwise reviewed by or for us, and we have not independently verified (nor have we assumed responsibility or liability for independently verifying) any such information or its accuracy or completeness. We have not conducted or been provided with any valuation or appraisal of any assets or liabilities, nor have we conducted any review of individual credit files of the Company or the Merger Partner, evaluated the adequacy of the loan or lease loss reserves of the Company or the Merger Partner or evaluated the solvency of the Merger Partner or the Company under any state or federal laws relating to bankruptcy, insolvency or similar matters. We are not experts in the evaluation of loan

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and lease portfolios for assessing the adequacy of the allowances for losses with respect thereto and, accordingly, we did not make an independent evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance for loan and lease losses of the Company or Merger Partner and we have assumed, with your consent, that the respective allowances for loan and lease losses for both the Company and the Merger Partner, respectively, are adequate to cover such losses and will be adequate on a pro forma basis for the combined entity. In relying on financial analyses and forecasts provided to us or derived therefrom, including the Synergies, we have assumed that they have been reasonably prepared based on assumptions reflecting the best currently available estimates and judgments by management as to the expected future results of operations and financial condition of the Merger Partner and the Company to which such analyses or forecasts relate. We express no view as to such analyses or forecasts (including the Synergies) or the assumptions on which they were based. We have also assumed that the Transaction and the other transactions contemplated by the Agreement will qualify as a tax-free reorganization for United States federal income tax purposes, and will be consummated as described in the Agreement, and that the definitive Agreement will not differ in any material respects from the draft thereof furnished to us. We have also assumed that the representations and warranties made by the Company and the Merger Partner in the Agreement and the related agreements are and will be true and correct in all respects material to our analysis. We are not legal, regulatory or tax experts and have relied on the assessments made by advisors to the Company with respect to such issues. We have further assumed that all material governmental, regulatory or other consents and approvals necessary for the consummation of the Transaction will be obtained without any adverse effect on the Merger Partner or the Company or on the contemplated benefits of the Transaction.

        Our opinion is necessarily based on economic, market and other conditions as in effect on, and the information made available to us as of, the date hereof. It should be understood that subsequent developments may affect this opinion and that we do not have any obligation to update, revise, or reaffirm this opinion. Our opinion is limited to the fairness, from a financial point of view, of the Consideration to be paid by the Company in the proposed Transaction and we express no opinion as to the fairness of the Consideration to the holders of any class of securities, creditors or other constituencies of the Company or as to the underlying decision by the Company to engage in the Transaction. Furthermore, we express no opinion with respect to the amount or nature of any compensation to any officers, directors, or employees of any party to the Transaction, or any class of such persons relative to the Consideration to be paid by the Company in the Transaction or with respect to the fairness of any such compensation. We are expressing no opinion herein as to the price at which the Company Common Stock or the Merger Partner Common Stock will trade at any future time.

        We have acted as financial advisor to the Company with respect to the proposed Transaction and will receive a fee from the Company for our services, a substantial portion of which will become payable only if the proposed Transaction is consummated. In addition, the Company has agreed to indemnify us for certain liabilities arising out of our engagement. During the two years preceding the date of this letter, we and our affiliates have had commercial or investment banking relationships with the Company and Warburg Pincus, which, through an affiliated fund, is one of the major shareholders of the Merger Partner, for which we and such affiliates have received customary compensation. Such services during such period have included acting as M&A financial advisor to the Company in connection with its acquisition of Financial Pacific Leasing, Inc. in July 2013; as lead left bookrunner for Warburg Pincus in connection with the 12.5 million share sell-down of Laredo Petroleum Holdings, Inc. in October 2012; and as agent and joint lead arranger on a $845 million credit facility of Warburg Pincus Private Equity IX, L.P. Moreover, during the two years preceding the date of this letter, we and our affiliates have had commercial and/or investment banking relationships with portfolio companies of certain of the major shareholders of the Merger Partner, namely Warburg Pincus and Thomas H. Lee Partners, which portfolio companies are not otherwise related to the Merger Partner, for which we and such affiliates have received customary compensation. Such relationships have

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included acting as lead bookrunner, as joint bookrunner, as passive joint bookrunner, as agent and as arranger for such portfolio companies. In addition, our commercial banking affiliate is an agent bank and a lender under outstanding credit facilities of such portfolio companies, for which it receives customary compensation or other financial benefits. In the ordinary course of our businesses, we and our affiliates may actively trade the debt and equity securities of the Company or the Merger Partner for our own account or for the accounts of customers and, accordingly, we may at any time hold long or short positions in such securities.

        On the basis of and subject to the foregoing, it is our opinion as of the date hereof that the Consideration to be paid by the Company in the proposed Transaction is fair, from a financial point of view, to the Company.

        The issuance of this opinion has been approved by a fairness opinion committee of J.P. Morgan Securities LLC. This letter is provided to the Board of Directors of the Company (in its capacity as such) in connection with and for the purposes of its evaluation of the Transaction. This opinion does not constitute a recommendation to any shareholder of the Company as to how such shareholder should vote with respect to the Transaction or any other matter. This opinion may not be disclosed, referred to, or communicated (in whole or in part) to any third party for any purpose whatsoever except with our prior written approval. This opinion may be reproduced in full in any proxy or information statement mailed to shareholders of the Company but may not otherwise be disclosed publicly in any manner without our prior written approval.

Very truly yours,

/s/ J.P. MORGAN SECURITIES LLC

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ANNEX F

FORM OF PROPOSED
AMENDMENT TO
TO
RESTATED ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION
OF
UMPQUA HOLDINGS CORPORATION

        Section A of Article III of the Restated Articles of Incorporation of Umpqua Holdings Corporation is amended and restated to read as follows:


ARTICLE III

AUTHORIZED CAPITAL STOCK

        A.    Authorized Classes of Shares. The Corporation may issue 404,000,000 shares of stock divided into two classes as follows:

        Except as may otherwise be provided in a Preferred Stock Designation, all shares of a class will have preferences, limitations and relative rights identical to those of all other shares of the same class. All shares of a series of Preferred Stock will have preferences, limitations and relative rights identical to those of all other shares of that series of Preferred Stock.

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ANNEX G


CHAPTER 23B.13 OF THE WASHINGTON BUSINESS COPORATION ACT

23B.13.010. DEFINITIONS.

        As used in this chapter:


23B.13.020. RIGHT TO DISSENT.

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23B.13.030. DISSENT BY NOMINEES AND BENEFICIAL OWNERS.


23B.13.200. NOTICE OF DISSENTERS' RIGHTS.

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23B.13.210. NOTICE OF INTENT TO DEMAND PAYMENT.


23B.13.220. DISSENTERS' RIGHTS—NOTICE.


23B.13.230. DUTY TO DEMAND PAYMENT.

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23B.13.240. SHARE RESTRICTIONS.


23B.13.250. PAYMENT.


23B.13.260. FAILURE TO TAKE CORPORATE ACTION.


23B.13.270. AFTER-ACQUIRED SHARES.

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23B.13.280. PROCEDURE IF SHAREHOLDER DISSATISFIED WITH PAYMENT OR OFFER.


23B.13.300. COURT ACTION.

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23B.13.310. COURT COSTS AND COUNSEL FEES.

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