UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

SCHEDULE 14A

Proxy Statement Pursuant to Section 14(a) of the

Securities Exchange Act of 1934

(Amendment No. )

 

 

Check the appropriate box:

FibroGen, Inc.

(Name of Registrant as Specified In Its Charter)

(Name of Person(s) Filing Proxy Statement, if other than the Registrant)

Payment of Filing Fee (Check the appropriate box):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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FIBROGEN, INC.

409 Illinois Street

San Francisco, CA 94158

NOTICE OF ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS

To Be Held On June 5, 2018

Dear Stockholder:

You are cordially invited to attend the Annual Meeting of Stockholders of FibroGen, Inc., a Delaware corporation (also referred to as “we,” “us,” “FibroGen,” and the “Company”). The meeting will be held on Tuesday, June 5, 2018 at 8:00 a.m. local time at the Company’s offices located at 409 Illinois Street, San Francisco, California 94158 for the following purposes:

These items of business are more fully described in the proxy statement accompanying this notice.

The record date for the Annual Meeting is April 9, 2018 (the “Record Date”). Only stockholders of record at the close of business on that date may vote by proxy, at the Annual Meeting or any adjournment thereof. Please see the attached proxy statement for information on how to vote by proxy and how to attend the Annual Meeting and vote in person.

Important Notice Regarding the Availability of Proxy Materials for the Annual Stockholders’ Meeting

The proxy statement and Annual Report on Form 10-K

are available at www.proxyvote.com.

By Order of the Board of Directors

/s/ Michael Lowenstein

Michael Lowenstein

Chief Legal Officer

San Francisco, California

April 24, 2018

Whether or not you expect to attend the Annual Meeting, please vote online or by telephone as instructed in these materials, or if you requested and received a proxy by mail, please complete, date, sign, and return the proxy as promptly as possible in order to ensure your representation at the Annual Meeting. Even if you have voted by proxy, you may still vote in person if you attend the Annual Meeting. Please note, however, that if your shares are held of record by a broker, bank, or other nominee and you wish to vote at the Annual Meeting, then you must obtain a proxy issued in your name from that record holder.

 

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FIBROGEN, INC.

409 Illinois Street

San Francisco, CA 94158

PROXY STATEMENT

FOR THE 2018 ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS

June 5, 2018

INFORMATION CONCERNING SOLICITATION AND VOTING

The board of directors (the “Board”) of FibroGen, Inc. (also referred to as “we,” “us,” “FibroGen,” and the “Company”) is soliciting your proxy to vote at the 2018 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “Annual Meeting”), including at any adjournments or postponements of the Annual Meeting. You are invited to attend the Annual Meeting to vote on the proposals described in this proxy statement. However, you do not need to attend the Annual Meeting to vote your shares. Instead, please vote online or by telephone as instructed in these materials, or if you requested and received a proxy by mail, please complete, date, sign, and return the proxy as promptly as possible in order to ensure your representation at the Annual Meeting.

The proxy materials, including this proxy statement, proxy card or voting instruction card, and our 2017 Annual Report on Form 10-K, are being distributed and made available on or about April 24, 2018. This proxy statement contains important information for you to consider when deciding how to vote on the matters brought before the Annual Meeting. Please read it carefully.

In accordance with rules and regulations adopted by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), we have elected to provide our stockholders access to our proxy materials online. Accordingly, we intend to mail a Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials (the “Notice”) on or about April 24, 2018 to most stockholders of record entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting. Stockholders will have the ability to access the proxy materials on the website referred to in the Notice or request a printed set of the proxy materials be sent to them by following the instructions in the Notice.

The Notice will also provide instructions on how you can elect to receive future proxy materials electronically or in printed form by mail. If you choose to receive future proxy materials electronically, you will receive an email next year with instructions containing a link to the proxy materials and a link to the proxy voting site. Your election to receive proxy materials electronically or in printed form by mail will remain in effect until you change such election.

Choosing to receive future proxy materials electronically will allow us to more rapidly provide you with the information you need, will conserve natural resources, and will reduce the costs of printing and mailing documents to you.

 

 

 

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QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT THESE PROXY MATERIALS AND VOTING

Why did I receive the Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials instead of a full set of proxy materials?

Notices are sent to stockholders who have not yet made an election to receive proxy materials by mail or electronically. Instructions on how to access the full set of proxy materials online or to request a paper copy may be found in the Notice. In addition, you may request to receive future proxy materials in printed form by mail or electronically. Your election to receive future proxy materials by mail or electronically will remain in effect until you change such election.

Why did I receive a full set of proxy materials instead of a Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials?

We are providing paper copies of the proxy materials to stockholders who have previously requested to receive them. If you would like to reduce the environmental impact of and the costs incurred by us in mailing proxy materials, you may elect to receive all future proxy materials electronically via email or access them online. To sign up for electronic delivery, please follow the instructions provided with your proxy materials and on your proxy card or voting instruction card and, when prompted, indicate that you agree to receive or access future stockholder communications electronically. Alternatively, you can go to www.proxyvote.com where you can access the proxy materials and enroll for online delivery of the proxy materials.

How do I attend the Annual Meeting?

You must be a stockholder of record at the close of business on April 9, 2018 to vote at the Annual Meeting. The Annual Meeting will be held on Tuesday, June 5, 2018 at 8:00 a.m. local time at the Company’s offices located at 409 Illinois Street, San Francisco, California 94158. If you wish to attend and vote at the Annual Meeting, you must bring: (1) valid photo identification, such as a driver’s license or passport; and (2) evidence of stock ownership as of the Record Date, such as an account statement, proxy card or voting information form. Additional information on who can vote and how to vote in person at the Annual Meeting is discussed below. For directions to the Annual Meeting, please contact the Company’s Investor Relations at ir@fibrogen.com or (415) 978-1200.

Who can vote at the Annual Meeting?

Only stockholders of record at the close of business on April 9, 2018 will be entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting. On the Record Date, there were 83,420,250 shares of common stock outstanding and entitled to vote.

Stockholder of Record: Shares Registered in Your Name

If on April 9, 2018 your shares were registered directly in your name with FibroGen’s transfer agent, American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC, then you are a stockholder of record. As a stockholder of record, you may vote in person at the Annual Meeting or vote by proxy. Whether or not you plan to attend the Annual Meeting, we urge you to fill out and return your proxy card or vote by proxy online or by telephone as instructed below to ensure your vote is counted.

Beneficial Owner: Shares Registered in the Name of a Broker or Bank

If on April 9, 2018 your shares were held, not in your name, but rather in an account at a brokerage firm, bank, dealer or other similar organization, then you are the beneficial owner of shares held in “street name” and these proxy materials are being forwarded to you by that organization. The organization holding your account is considered to be the stockholder of record for purposes of voting at the Annual Meeting. As a beneficial owner, you have the right to direct your broker or other agent regarding how to vote the shares in your account. You are also invited to attend the Annual Meeting. However, since you are not the stockholder of record, you may not vote your shares in person at the Annual Meeting unless you request and obtain a valid proxy from your broker or other agent.

What am I voting on?

There are three matters scheduled for a vote:

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What if another matter is properly brought before the Annual Meeting?

The Board knows of no other matters that will be presented for consideration at the Annual Meeting. If any other matters are properly brought before the Annual Meeting, it is the intention of the persons named in the accompanying proxy to vote on those matters in accordance with their best judgment.

How do I vote?

For Proposal No. 1, you may either vote “For” each of our Class I director nominees to the Board or you may “Withhold” your vote for any Class I director nominee that you specify.

For Proposal No. 2, you may vote “For” or “Against”, or abstain from voting.

For Proposal No. 3, you may vote “For” or “Against”, or abstain from voting.

The procedures for voting are fairly simple:

Stockholder of Record: Shares Registered in Your Name

If you are a stockholder of record, you may vote by proxy online, vote by proxy over the telephone, vote in person at the Annual Meeting, or vote by proxy using a proxy card that you may request or that we may elect to deliver at a later time. Whether or not you plan to attend the Annual Meeting, we urge you to vote by proxy to ensure your vote is counted. You may still attend the Annual Meeting and vote in person even if you have already voted by proxy.

Beneficial Owner: Shares Registered in the Name of a Broker or Bank

If you are a beneficial owner of shares registered in the name of your broker, bank, or other agent, you should have received a voting instruction form with the proxy materials from that organization rather than from FibroGen. Simply complete and mail the voting instruction form to ensure that your vote is counted. Alternatively, you may vote online or by telephone. To vote in person at the Annual Meeting, you must obtain a valid proxy from your broker, bank, or other agent.

 

 

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What does it mean if I receive more than one set of proxy materials?

You should receive more than one set of proxy materials if your shares are registered under different names or held in different accounts as of the Record Date (for example, if you are both a stockholder of record and beneficial owner). Please follow the voting instructions and vote separately for each set of proxy card/materials you receive to ensure that all of your shares are voted. All of your shares may be voted at www.proxyvote.com regardless of which account they are registered or held in.

How many votes do I have?

On each matter to be voted upon, you have one vote for each share of common stock you own as of April 9, 2018.

Who is paying for this proxy solicitation?

We will pay for the entire cost of soliciting proxies. In addition to these proxy materials, our directors and employees may also solicit proxies in person, by telephone or by other means of communication. Directors and employees will not be paid any additional compensation for soliciting proxies.

Can I vote my shares by filling out and returning the Notice?

No. The Notice will, however, provide instructions on how to vote online, by telephone, by mail (by requesting a paper proxy card or voting instruction card), and in person at the Annual Meeting.

Can I change my vote after submitting my proxy?

Stockholder of Record: Shares Registered in Your Name

Yes. You can revoke your proxy at any time before the June 4, 2018 deadline to vote. If you are the record holder of your shares, you may revoke your proxy in any one of the following ways:

Your most current vote (prior to the deadline) by internet, telephone or proxy card is the one that is counted.

Beneficial Owner: Shares Registered in the Name of a Broker or Bank

Yes. You can revoke your voting instruction form at any time before the June 4, 2018 deadline to vote. If your shares are held by your broker or bank as a nominee or agent, you should follow the instructions provided by your broker or bank. Note however, you may also revoke your proxy in any one of the following ways:

Your most current vote (prior to the deadline) by internet, telephone or voting instruction form is the one that is counted.

When are stockholder proposals due for next year’s Annual Meeting?

Any stockholder who meets the requirements of the proxy rules under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), may submit proposals to our board of directors to be presented at the 2019 Annual Meeting. Such proposals must comply with the requirements of Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act. To be considered for inclusion in next year’s proxy materials, your proposal must be submitted in writing by December 25, 2018, to our Secretary at 409 Illinois Street, San Francisco, California 94158; provided, however, that if our 2019 Annual Meeting of Stockholders is held before May 6, 2019 or after July 5, 2019, then the deadline is a reasonable amount of time prior to the date we begin to print and mail our proxy statement for the 2019 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.

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Our amended and restated bylaws also provide for separate notice procedures to recommend a person for nomination as a director or to propose business to be considered by stockholders at a meeting, provided that such proposal or nominee would not be included in next year’s proxy materials. Such proposals must comply with the requirements, including without limitation, the separate notice procedures, of our amended and restated bylaws. If you wish to submit such a proposal or nominate a director, written notice must be received by our Secretary no later than the close of business on March 7, 2019 or earlier than the close of business on February 5, 2019; provided, however, that if our 2019 Annual Meeting of Stockholders is held before May 6, 2019 or after July 5, 2019, then the proposal must be received no earlier than the close of business on the 120^th day prior to such Annual Meeting and no later than the close of business on the later of the 90^th day prior to such Annual Meeting or the 10^th day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such Annual Meeting is first made.

How are votes counted?

Votes will be counted separately for each proposal by the inspector of election appointed for the Annual Meeting. For the proposal to elect directors, “For” and “Withhold” votes will be counted. With respect to Proposals No. 2 and No. 3, votes “For” and “Against” and abstentions will be counted, with abstentions having the same effect as “Against” votes. Broker non-votes have no effect and will not be counted towards the vote total for any proposal.

What if I return a proxy card or otherwise vote but do not make specific choices?

Stockholder of Record: Shares Registered in Your Name. If you are a stockholder of record and return a signed and dated proxy card or otherwise vote without marking a voting selection, your shares will be voted as follows:

If any other matter is properly presented at the Annual Meeting, your proxy holder (one of the individuals named on the proxy card) will vote your shares as recommended by the Board or, if no recommendation is given, will vote your shares using his or her best judgment.

Beneficial Owner: Shares Registered in the Name of a Broker or Bank. If you are a beneficial owner of shares registered in the name of your broker, bank, or other nominee, and you do not provide the broker or other nominee that holds your shares with voting instructions, the broker or other nominee may vote your shares if they have discretionary authority to vote on the particular matter.

What are “broker non-votes”?

Broker non-votes occur when a beneficial owner of shares held in “street name” does not give instructions to the broker or nominee holding the shares as to how to vote on matters deemed “non-routine.” Generally, if shares are held in street name, the beneficial owner of the shares is entitled to give voting instructions to the broker or nominee holding the shares. If the beneficial owner does not provide voting instructions, the broker or nominee can still vote the shares with respect to matters that are considered to be “routine,” but not with respect to “non-routine” matters. Under the rules and interpretations of NASDAQ, “non-routine” matters are matters that may substantially affect the rights or privileges of stockholders, such as mergers, stockholder proposals, elections of directors (even if not contested) and executive compensation, including the advisory stockholder votes on executive compensation and on the frequency of stockholder votes on executive compensation.

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How many votes are needed to approve each proposal?

What is the quorum requirement?

A quorum of stockholders is necessary to hold a valid Annual Meeting. A quorum will be present if stockholders holding at least a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote are present at the Annual Meeting in person or represented by proxy. On the Record Date, there were 83,420,250 shares of common stock outstanding and entitled to vote. Thus, the holders of 41,710,126 shares must be present in person or represented by proxy at the Annual Meeting to have a quorum.

Your shares will be counted towards the quorum only if you submit a valid proxy (or one is submitted on your behalf by your broker, bank, or other nominee) or if you vote in person at the Annual Meeting. Abstentions and broker non-votes will be counted towards the quorum requirement. If there is no quorum, the holders of a majority of shares present at the Annual Meeting in person or represented by proxy may adjourn the Annual Meeting to another date.

How can I find out the results of the voting at the Annual Meeting?

Preliminary voting results will be announced at the Annual Meeting. In addition, final voting results will be published in a Current Report on Form 8-K that we expect to file within four business days after the Annual Meeting. If final voting results are not available to us in time to file a Form 8-K within four business days after the Annual Meeting, we intend to file a Form 8-K to publish preliminary results and, within four business days after the final results are known to us, file an additional Form 8-K to publish the final results.

Which proxy materials are available online?

The proxy statement and Annual Report on Form 10-K are available at www.proxyvote.com.

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SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This proxy statement contains forward-looking statements. These statements relate to future events or our future financial performance and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance, or achievement to differ materially from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements.

Forward-looking statements include all statements that are not historical facts. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “projects,” “predicts,” “potential,” or the negative of those terms, and similar expressions and comparable terminology intended to identify forward-looking statements. These statements reflect our current views with respect to future events and are based on assumptions and subject to risks and uncertainties, including those outlined in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017. Given these uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements represent our estimates and assumptions only as of the date of this proxy statement and, except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update or revise publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise after the date of this proxy statement.

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PROPOSAL 1

ELECTION OF DIRECTORS

Our board of directors is divided into three classes: Class I, Class II, and Class III, with each class having a three-year term. Vacancies on the Board, unless the Board determines by resolution that any such vacancies shall be filled by stockholders, may be filled only by persons elected by a majority of the remaining directors. A director elected by our board of directors to fill a vacancy in a class, including vacancies created by an increase in the number of directors, shall serve for the remainder of the full term of that class and until the director’s successor is duly elected and qualified.

The Board presently has eleven members. There are three directors in Class I whose term of office expires in 2018. The nominees for election to Class I, Thomas B. Neff, Jeffrey W. Henderson, and James A. Schoeneck, are currently directors of the Company and were previously elected by our stockholders. If re-elected at the Annual Meeting, the Class I director nominees would serve until the 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders and until their successors have been duly elected and qualified, or if sooner, until the director’s death, resignation, or removal. It is the Company’s policy to encourage directors and nominees for director to attend the Annual Meeting. All of the directors then-elected and serving as directors attended the 2017 Annual Meeting.

Directors are elected by a plurality of the votes of the holders of shares present in person, by remote communication, if applicable, or represented by proxy and entitled to vote on the election of directors. The Class I director nominees receiving the three highest number of affirmative votes will be elected. Stockholders may not vote, or submit a proxy, for a greater number of Class I director nominees than the number of Class I director nominees named in this proxy statement. Shares represented by executed proxies will be voted, if authority to do so is not withheld, for the election of the Class I director nominees named below. If any Class I director nominee becomes unavailable for election as a result of an unexpected occurrence, shares that would have been voted for that Class I director nominee will instead be voted for the election of a substitute nominee proposed by the Company. Each person nominated for election has agreed to serve if elected. The Company’s management has no reason to believe that any Class I director nominee will be unable to serve.

NOMINEES FOR ELECTION FOR A THREE-YEAR TERM EXPIRING AT THE 2021 ANNUAL MEETING — CLASS I

Thomas B. Neff, age 63, founded FibroGen, Inc. and has served as our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and as a member of our board of directors since 1993. He serves as a director of FibroGen China Anemia Holdings, Ltd, FibroGen International (Cayman) Limited, and FibroGen International (Hong Kong) Limited, as well as the General Manager of FibroGen (China) Medical Technology Development Co., Ltd. Mr. Neff received a Bachelor of Arts degree from Claremont McKenna College with concentrations in Molecular Biology and Government. Subsequently he studied economics and finance at the University of Chicago Graduate School of Business, and was a Fellow of the Thomas J. Watson Foundation. He was employed as an investment banker first at PaineWebber Incorporated (1983-1988) and then at Lazard Freres & Co. through 1992. In 1991, he was among 40 selected as future financial industry leaders in a poll of 600 financial leaders by Institutional Investor. Mr. Neff was founder of Pharmaceutical Partners I and Pharmaceutical Partners II, the pioneer entities investing in drug royalties and predecessors to what is now named Royalty Pharma. He left the group in 1998 to concentrate on FibroGen but remained as Managing General Partner of Pharmaceutical Partners I and Pharmaceutical Partners II until all assets were distributed to partners through 2009. He was also founder and General Partner of Three Arch Bay Health Science Fund, a private investment fund focused on emerging biomedical companies, from 1993 to completion in 2011. He received an honorary doctorate of medical sciences from Oulu University, Oulu, Finland in 2009. He was a director of Kolltan Pharmaceuticals, a spin-out from Yale University, from 2009 to 2016. Mr. Neff is a named inventor on more than 100 of FibroGen’s patents and patent applications. The Board believes that Mr. Neff, who has extensive experience and tenure as our founder and Chief Executive Officer, and brings historic knowledge, extensive insights into the strategic value of our technologies and continuity to our board of directors. In addition, the Board believes that his financial, corporate structuring and transactional expertise and experience in the life sciences sector provide him with financial, operational, scientific, intellectual property, risk management and industry expertise that are important to our board of directors.

Jeffrey W. Henderson, age 53, has served on our board of directors since August 2015. Mr. Henderson has 30 years of financial, commercial and pharmaceutical industry experience. He most recently served as chief financial officer for Cardinal Health, Inc. from 2005 until 2014. His many responsibilities at Cardinal Health included commercial operations in China. Prior to Cardinal Health, Mr. Henderson was president and general manager of Eli Lilly Canada Inc. and vice president and corporate controller of Eli Lilly & Company. He joined Eli Lilly in 1998 as vice president and corporate treasurer. His prior experience includes 10 years at General Motors, where he served in managerial posts in Great Britain, Singapore, New York, and Canada. He received his Bachelor of Science degree in Electrical Engineering from Kettering University, Flint, Michigan, and his Master of Business Administration degree from Harvard Graduate School of Business Administration. Mr. Henderson is a native of St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada. He is a director of Qualcomm Incorporated, Halozyme Therapeutics, Inc., and Affordable Care, Inc. He is also an advisory director at the private equity firm of Berkshire Partners, LLC. We believe that Mr. Henderson is qualified to serve on our board of directors because of his financial and industry background, as well as his experience in various leadership and management roles in the health and pharmaceutical industries.

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James A. Schoeneck, age 60, has served on our board of directors since April 2010. Mr. Schoeneck was Chief Executive Officer of Depomed, Inc., a commercial specialty pharmaceutical company, from 2011 until 2017, and joined the Board of Depomed in 2007. In addition, from 2015 to March 2018, Mr. Schoeneck served on the board of directors of AnaptysBio, Inc. From 2005 until 2007, he was Chief Executive Officer of BrainCells, Inc., a privately-held biopharmaceutical company. Prior to joining BrainCells, Inc., he served as Chief Executive Officer of ActivX BioSciences, Inc., a development-stage biotechnology company. Mr. Schoeneck’s pharmaceutical experience also includes three years as President and Chief Executive Officer of Prometheus Laboratories Inc., a pharmaceutical and diagnostics products company. Prior to joining Prometheus, Mr. Schoeneck spent three years as vice president and General Manager, Immunology, at Centocor, Inc. (now Janssen Biotech, Inc.), a biotechnology company, where he led the development of Centocor’s commercial capabilities. His group launched Remicade^®, which became one of the world’s largest pharmaceutical brands. Earlier in his career, he spent 13 years at Rhone-Poulenc Rorer, Inc. (now Sanofi), a pharmaceutical company, serving in various sales and marketing positions of increasing responsibility. Mr. Schoeneck holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Education from Jacksonville State University. We believe that Mr. Schoeneck is qualified to serve on our board of directors because of his extensive management experience in biotechnology.

DIRECTORS CONTINUING IN OFFICE UNTIL THE 2019 ANNUAL MEETING — CLASS II

Jeffrey L. Edwards, age 57, was appointed to our board of directors in 2015 after Mr. Edwards retired from Allergan, Inc. Mr. Edwards served as Executive Vice President, Finance and Business Development, Chief Financial Officer of Allergan, Inc. from September 2005 to August 2014. Mr. Edwards joined Allergan in 1993. From 2003 to 2005, Mr. Edwards served as Allergan’s Corporate Vice President, Corporate Development and previously served as Senior Vice President, Treasury, Tax and Investor Relations. Prior to joining Allergan, Mr. Edwards was with Banque Paribas and Security Pacific National Bank, where he held various senior-level positions in the credit and business development functions. Mr. Edwards currently serves on the board of directors and as Compensation Committee Chairman of Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., a publicly traded life sciences research and clinical diagnostic products company. Mr. Edwards also serves on the board of directors and as Audit Committee Chairman of Viamet Pharmaceuticals Holdings, LLC, a privately owned biopharmaceutical company. Mr. Edwards received a Bachelor of Arts degree in Sociology from Muhlenberg College and completed the Advanced Management Program at the Harvard Business School. We believe that Mr. Edwards is qualified to serve on our board of directors due to his pharmaceutical industry experience and public financial expertise.

Rory B. Riggs, age 64, has served on our board of directors since October 1993. Since April 2010, Mr. Riggs has served as founder and Chief Executive Officer of Syntax, LLC and Locus Analytics, LLC, sister development-stage ventures focused on creating a new information technology platform for business and finance. Mr. Riggs is co-founder and Chairman of Royalty Pharma, the largest acquirer of drug royalties, and Cibus Global Ltd., the leading company in gene editing in agriculture. In addition, he sits on the following other boards of directors: Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc., Nuredis, Inc., GeneNews, Ltd. and eReceivables, LLC (Chair). Since June 2006, Mr. Riggs has also served as managing member of New Ventures, a series of venture funds focused on biotechnology and healthcare. Mr. Riggs served as the President of Biomatrix, Inc., a biomedical company, from 1996 until 2000. From 1991 to 1995, he was Chief Executive Officer of RF&P Corporation, an investment company owned by the Virginia Retirement System. He was also Managing Director of PaineWebber and Company, in the mergers and acquisitions department. Mr. Riggs holds a Bachelor of Arts degree from Middlebury College, Vermont and a Master of Business Administration degree from Columbia University. We believe that Mr. Riggs is qualified to serve on our board of directors due to his industry and management experience and public financial expertise.

Roberto Pedro Rosenkranz, Ph.D., M.B.A., age 68, has served on our board of directors since April 2010. Dr. Rosenkranz was Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of ROXRO Pharma, Inc., a pharmaceutical company, from October 1999 to December 2010. He was Executive Chairman of Altos Therapeutics LLC, a pharmaceutical company, from 2012 until Altos Therapeutics LLC was sold in 2017. Dr. Rosenkranz is on the board of directors of Pherin Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a pharmaceutical company, and the Ronald and Ann Williams Charitable Foundation. Prior to assuming his leadership role at ROXRO, Dr. Rosenkranz was President and Chief Operating Officer of Scios, Inc., a biopharmaceutical company, from 1996 to 1997. From 1995 to 1996, he occupied multiple research, development and marketing positions at Roche Laboratories, Inc., a pharmaceutical company. From 1982 to 1996, Dr. Rosenkranz occupied multiple research, development and marketing positions at Syntex Laboratories, Inc., a pharmaceutical company. Dr. Rosenkranz previously held board positions at Medcenter Solutions do Brasil SA and Gemini Genomics Limited (also referred to as Gemini Genomics Plc). Dr. Rosenkranz received a Bachelor of Arts degree in Psychology from Stanford University, a Doctor of Philosophy degree in Pharmacology and Toxicology from the University of California, Davis, and a Master of Business Administration degree from Santa Clara University. We believe that Dr. Rosenkranz is qualified to serve on our board of directors because of his scientific and technical background, as well as his experience in various leadership and management roles in the pharmaceutical industry.

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Jorma Routti, Ph.D., age 79, has served on our board of directors since March 1994. He is also the Chairman of the board of directors of our subsidiary, FibroGen Europe Oy, and has served in that capacity since 2001. Since 2001, Dr. Routti has served as Executive Chairman of CIM Creative Industries Management Ltd., a venture capital firm located in Helsinki, Finland, where he works with investments and research in intellectual property-oriented companies, as well as with Knowledge Economy developments in several countries. Dr. Routti has served from 1995 to 2000 as Director General of Research of the European Commission, the executive body of the European Union. From 1985 to 1995, Dr. Routti served as President of SITRA, the Finnish Innovation Fund. Dr. Routti served as dean and professor at the Helsinki University of Technology from 1972 to 1985 and as a scientist at CERN in Geneva from 1967 to 1972 and at the University of California, Berkeley. He has served on the board of directors (including as Chairman) of several major corporations, high technology companies, and international research establishments. Honors received by Dr. Routti include Fulbright and Eisenhower Exchange Fellowships and decorations in Finland and France. He received a Doctor of Philosophy degree from the University of California, Berkeley in Physics, as well as a MSc in Technical Physics and a DrTechn h.c. in Technology from the Helsinki University of Technology. Dr. Routti was awarded with an honorary doctorate of philosophy from the University of Jyvaskyla, Finland. We believe that Dr. Routti is qualified to serve on our board of directors because of his scientific and technical background, vast experience with research and development, and leadership roles he has assumed serving on the boards of technology and research organizations.

DIRECTORS CONTINUING IN OFFICE UNTIL THE 2020 ANNUAL MEETING — CLASS III

Thomas F. Kearns Jr., age 81, has served on our board of directors since November 1996 and as lead independent director since June 7, 2017. Mr. Kearns is a retired partner of The Bear Stearns Companies Inc., an investment banking firm, where he was an investment banker in the healthcare area from 1974 until 1987. Prior to his career at Bear Stearns, Mr. Kearns worked for Merrill Lynch, an investment banking firm, from January 1959 until August 1969. Mr. Kearns is Chairman of the National Advisory Board of Carolina Performing Arts at the University of North Carolina. In 2013, he joined the board of directors of Franklin Street Partners. Mr. Kearns was a trustee of the University of North Carolina Foundation and Endowment Fund for 16 years and served on the board of directors of Biomet, Inc. from January 1980 until May 2005. He received his Bachelor of Arts degree in History from the University of North Carolina. We believe that Mr. Kearns is qualified to serve on our board of directors due to his financial expertise stemming from a career in investment banking with a focus on the healthcare industry.

Kalevi Kurkijärvi, Ph.D., age 66, has served on our board of directors since November 1996. He has also served on the board of directors of our subsidiary, FibroGen Europe Oy, since November 1997. Dr. Kurkijärvi has been the Chairman and Founding Partner of Innomedica Oy, a business development company specialized in licensing, distributor search, and strategic planning for companies in the pharmaceutical, diagnostics, and biotechnology industries, since March 2010, and from August 1997 to February 2010 he acted as Director having financial matters as his main responsibility. He was also the Founding Partner and former Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Bio Fund Management Ltd, a Finnish-Danish venture capital company, from 1997 until 2010. He has also been Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of his family’s import-export trading company, Biketex Ltd, since October 1993. Dr. Kurkijärvi has more than twenty years’ experience in international life science business and over ten years in corporate finance. He currently serves on the boards of directors of Innomedica Oy (Chair), Biketex Ltd (Chair) and Hytest Oy (Chair). He previously served on the boards of directors at other biotechnology companies such as of Paratek Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ark Therapeutics Plc, BioTie Therapies Plc (Chair), Stick Tech Oy (Chair), Hormos Medical Oy (Chair), Map Medical Oy (Chair), Bio Orbit Oy (Chair) and Juvantia Pharma Oy, among others. Prior to founding Bio Fund, Dr. Kurkijärvi worked as Executive Director of the venture capital group at the Finnish National Fund of Research and Development (SITRA). He has also served as Executive Vice President at Wallac Oy, and as President and Chief Executive Officer of Pharmacia Diagnostics Production Oy. Dr. Kurkijärvi received a Doctor of Philosophy degree in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology from the University of Turku in 1992, where he also worked for several years in research and teaching. We believe Dr. Kurkijärvi is qualified to serve on our board of directors because of his scientific and technical background, international business and management experience, and expertise in the life sciences and biotechnology industries, as evidenced by the various leadership roles and positions he has held in such industries.

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Gerald Lema, age 57, has served on our board of directors since September 2017. Mr. Lema has more than 27 years of pharmaceutical, diagnostics, healthcare, and consumer experience in Asia, Europe, the Middle East, Africa, the U.S., and Latin America. He currently serves as partner and representative director of Cylon Capital, a private investment group based in Tokyo that creates value for brands and technologies in the Japanese and Asia Pacific markets. Prior to Cylon Capital, Mr. Lema served as President of Asia Pacific at Baxter International from 2005 until 2015. He also served as President, Japan at Baxter International since April 2007. Before Baxter, Mr. Lema worked for 18 years at Abbott Laboratories where he held several positions of increasing responsibility in general management, strategy, and business development. His last position with Abbott was Corporate Vice President, Asia Pacific and Chairman, Abbott Japan, in Tokyo. Mr. Lema currently serves as a Director of Catalyst, a global nonprofit organization. He is co-author of Foreign Investment through Debt-Equity Swaps, and published in the MIT Sloan Management Review. Mr. Lema is a graduate of the Stanford University Executive Program, earned a Master of Business Administration from the Freeman School of Business at Tulane University, and has a Bachelor of Science, Engineering from Universidad del Valle, Colombia. We believe Mr. Lema is qualified to serve on our board of directors due to his experience in the consumer and healthcare industries, as well as his experience serving in leadership roles at various pharmaceutical companies and investment groups around the world.

Toshinari Tamura, Ph.D., age 74, has served on our board of directors since September 2008. He previously worked at Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., starting in 1972, and ultimately became Executive Corporate Officer and Representative Director. Following the merger to form Astellas Pharma, Inc., he was named Executive Vice President and Chief Science Officer of Astellas Pharma, Inc. and served in those roles and on the board of directors of Astellas from April 2005 until June 2008. Dr. Tamura was in charge of research and development of our PHI anemia program in 2004 and has remained familiar with the science of the program since that time. Dr. Tamura served as director of the board of KinoPharma, Inc., a drug development company, from September 2008 to March 2010. Dr. Tamura served as director of the board of IMMD Inc., a drug development company, from October 2010 to November 2012. Dr. Tamura served as an advisor to Shin Nippon Biomedical Laboratories, Ltd., a drug development company, from September 2008 to August 2015. Dr. Tamura served as an advisor to Japan Science and Technology Agency, a government-sponsored organization promoting science and technology, from September 2012 to March 2015. Dr. Tamura is currently advisor to Innovation Network Corporation of Japan, a government-sponsored private equity firm (from February 2010), and Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, a government-sponsored organization to promote integrated medical R&D (from April 2015), as well as senior advisor to PRDM Inc., a company focused on providing drug development consulting services for biotechnology companies. Dr. Tamura holds a Doctor of Philosophy degree and Master’s degree in Organic Chemistry from the University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Dr. Tamura also holds a Bachelor of Science degree from Chiba University, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Pharmaceutical Science. We believe that Dr. Tamura is qualified to serve on our board of directors because of his extensive management experience in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries in Japan, as well as his technical background in organic chemistry and pharmaceutical sciences.

THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS RECOMMENDS

A VOTE “FOR” EACH NAMED CLASS I DIRECTOR NOMINEE.

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DIRECTORS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

INDEPENDENCE OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Under the listing requirements and rules of The NASDAQ Stock Market, independent directors must comprise a majority of our board of directors. In addition, the rules of The NASDAQ Stock Market require that, subject to specified exceptions, each member of a listed company’s audit, compensation, and nominating and corporate governance committees must be independent. Audit committee members must also satisfy the independence criteria set forth in Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act. Under the rules of The NASDAQ Stock Market, a director will only qualify as an “independent director” if, in the opinion of that company’s board of directors, that person does not have a relationship that would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director.

In order to be considered to be independent for purposes of Rule 10A-3 of the Exchange Act, a member of an audit committee of a listed company may not, other than in his or her capacity as a member of the audit committee, the board of directors, or any other board committee: (1) accept, directly or indirectly, any consulting, advisory, or other compensatory fee from the listed company or any of its subsidiaries; or (2) be an affiliated person of the listed company or any of its subsidiaries.

Our board of directors has undertaken a review of its composition, the composition of its committees and the independence of each director. Based upon information requested from and provided by each director concerning his background, employment, and affiliations, including family relationships, our board of directors has determined that Jeffrey L. Edwards, Jeffrey W. Henderson, Thomas F. Kearns Jr., Kalevi Kurkijärvi, Gerald Lema, Rory B. Riggs, Roberto Pedro Rosenkranz, Jorma Routti, James A. Schoeneck, and Toshinari Tamura, currently representing a majority of our directors, do not have any relationships that would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director and that each of these directors is “independent” as that term is defined under the applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and the listing requirements of The NASDAQ Stock Market. Our board of directors also determined that Messrs. Edwards and Schoeneck and Dr. Kurkijärvi, who comprise our audit committee, Messrs. Kearns, Riggs, and Schoeneck and Dr. Routti, who comprise our compensation committee, and Messrs. Henderson, Kearns, and Riggs and Drs. Rosenkranz and Tamura, who comprise our nominating and corporate governance committee, satisfy the independence standards for those committees established by applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and the listing requirements of The NASDAQ Stock Market. In making this determination, our board of directors considered the current and prior relationships that each non-employee director has with our Company and all other facts and circumstances our board of directors deemed relevant in determining their independence, including the beneficial ownership of our capital stock by each non-employee director.

Thomas B. Neff, our Chairman and the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, is not an independent director by virtue of his employment with the Company.

BOARD LEADERSHIP STRUCTURE

In light of our Chief Executive Officer’s extensive history with and knowledge of our company, and because our board of directors’ lead independent director is empowered to play a significant role in the management and independence of the Board, our board of directors believes that it is currently advantageous for Mr. Neff to serve as our Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board. Our board of directors believes that combining the positions of Chief Executive Officer and Chairman helps to ensure that the Board and management act with a common purpose, and allows for efficient Board meetings to address the issues and matters most critical to the Company for review by our board of directors. Our board of directors believes that this structure best utilizes Mr. Neff’s knowledge of the Company and the industry, and also promotes effective communication between the Company’s management and the Board. In addition, the Company believes that combining the positions of Chief Executive Officer and Chairman provides a single, clear chain of command to execute the Company’s strategic initiatives and business plans. Our board of directors may review its leadership structure in the future, taking into consideration the position and direction of the Company and the membership of the Board at that time.

Our board of directors believes that the composition, strength, and experience of the current members of the Board, with ten of the eleven current members qualifying as independent directors, in combination with the lead independent director, will ensure that our board of directors continues to perform its duties independently as it concentrates on the most important areas of concern to the Company and evaluates the performance of the Company’s executive officers, including our Chief Executive Officer.

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Our board of directors appointed Mr. Kearns as lead independent director in 2017. The responsibilities of our lead independent director include: with the Chairman, establishing the agenda for regular board of directors meetings and serving as Chairman of such meetings in the absence of the Chairman; establishing the agenda for meetings of the independent directors; coordinating with the committee Chairs regarding meeting agendas and informational requirements; presiding over meetings of the independent directors; presiding over any portions of meetings of the board of directors at which the evaluation or compensation of the Chief Executive Officer is presented or discussed; presiding over any portions of meetings of the board of directors at which the performance of the board of directors is presented or discussed; presiding at all meetings of the stockholders in the absence of the Chairman; and performing such other duties as may be established or delegated by the Chairman. As a result, the board of directors believes that the lead independent director can help ensure the effective independent functioning of the board of directors in its oversight responsibilities.

ROLE OF THE BOARD IN RISK OVERSIGHT

One of the Board’s key functions is informed oversight of the Company’s risk management process. Our board of directors does not have a standing risk management committee, but rather administers this oversight function directly through the Board as a whole, as well as through various standing committees of the Board that address risks inherent in their respective areas of oversight. In particular, our board of directors is responsible for monitoring and assessing strategic risk exposure, including a determination of the nature and level of risk appropriate for the Company. Our audit committee has the responsibility to consider and discuss our major financial risk exposures and the steps our management has taken to monitor and control these exposures, including guidelines and policies to govern the process by which risk assessment and management is undertaken. The audit committee also monitors legal matters and compliance with legal and regulatory requirements regarding the Company’s financial statements and accounting or other policies. Our nominating and corporate governance committee monitors the effectiveness of our corporate governance guidelines, including whether they are successful in preventing illegal or improper liability-creating conduct. Our compensation committee assesses and monitors whether any of our compensation policies and programs have the potential to encourage excessive risk-taking. It is the responsibility of the committee Chairs to report findings regarding material risk exposures to our board of directors as quickly as possible. In addition, our board of directors meets with certain members of our executive team, including the heads of our business, compliance and regulatory functions, who discuss the risks and exposures involved in their respective areas of responsibility, as well as any developments that could impact our risk profile or other aspects of our business.

MEETINGS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS

The Board met six times during the year ended December 31, 2017, including telephone conference meetings. All directors attended or participated in at least 75% of the aggregate number of meetings of the Board and of the committees on which they served during the portion of 2017 for which they were directors and committee members.

As required under applicable NASDAQ listing standards during the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company’s independent directors met in regularly scheduled executive sessions, a total of three times at which only independent directors were present.

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COMMITTEES OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Our board of directors has three committees: an audit committee, a compensation committee, and a nominating and corporate governance committee. The following table provides membership and meeting information for the year ended December 31, 2017 for each of the Board committees:

 

 

The audit committee, compensation committee, and nominating and corporate governance committee each have authority to engage legal counsel or other experts or consultants, as they deem appropriate to carry out their responsibilities. Our board of directors has determined that each member of each committee meets the applicable NASDAQ rules and regulations regarding “independence” and that each member is free of any relationship that would impair his or her individual exercise of independent judgment with regard to the Company.

Audit Committee

Our audit committee consists of Messrs. Edwards and Schoeneck and Dr. Kurkijärvi. Our board of directors has determined that Messrs. Edwards and Schoeneck and Dr. Kurkijärvi are independent under The NASDAQ Stock Market listing standards and Rule 10A-3(b)(1) of the Exchange Act. The Chairperson of our audit committee is Mr. Edwards, whom our board of directors has determined is an “audit committee financial expert” within the meaning of the SEC regulations. Our board of directors has also determined that each member of our audit committee can read and understand fundamental financial statements in accordance with applicable requirements. In arriving at these determinations, our board of directors has examined each audit committee member’s scope of experience and the nature of their employment in the corporate finance sector. The functions of this committee include:

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The Board reviews the NASDAQ listing standards definition of independence for audit committee members on an annual basis. The audit committee met seven times during the year ended December 31, 2017. The audit committee operates under a written charter that satisfies the applicable standards of the SEC and NASDAQ and which is available to stockholders on the Corporate Governance portion of our website at http://media.corporate-ir.net/media_files/IROL/25/253783/Audit%20Committee%20Charter%20.pdf; however, information found on our website is not incorporated by reference into this proxy statement.

Compensation Committee

Our compensation committee consists of Messrs. Kearns, Riggs, and Schoeneck and Dr. Routti. Our board of directors has determined that Messrs. Kearns, Riggs, and Schoeneck and Dr. Routti are independent under The NASDAQ Stock Market listing standards, each is a “non-employee director” as defined in Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act and each is an “outside director” as that term is defined in Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). The Chair of our compensation committee is Mr. Schoeneck. The functions of this committee include:

Under its charter, our compensation committee may form, and delegate authority to, subcommittees as appropriate.

Our compensation committee met six times during the year ended December 31, 2017. The charter of our compensation committee is available to stockholders on the Corporate Governance portion of our website at http://media.corporate-ir.net/media_files/IROL/25/253783/Compensation%20Committee%20Charter%20Revised%20(Amended%202016%2002%2023).pdf; however, information found on our website is not incorporated by reference into this proxy statement.

Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee

Our nominating and corporate governance committee consists of Messrs. Henderson, Kearns, and Riggs and Drs. Rosenkranz and Tamura. Our board of directors has determined that Messrs. Henderson, Kearns, and Riggs and Drs. Rosenkranz and Tamura are independent under the current rules and regulations of the SEC and The NASDAQ Stock Market. The Chair of our nominating and corporate governance committee is Mr. Kearns. The functions of this committee include:

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The nominating and corporate governance committee met two times during the year ended December 31, 2017. The charter of the nominating and corporate governance committee is available to stockholders on the Corporate Governance portion of our website at http://media.corporate-ir.net/media_files/IROL/25/253783/Nominating%20and%20Governance%20Committee%20Charter.pdf; however, information found on our website is not incorporated by reference into this proxy statement.

The nominating and corporate governance committee believes that candidates for director should have certain minimum qualifications, including the ability to read and understand basic financial statements and having the highest personal integrity and ethics. The nominating and corporate governance committee also intends to consider such factors as possessing relevant expertise upon which to be able to offer advice and guidance to management, having sufficient time to devote to the affairs of the Company, demonstrated excellence in his or her field, having the ability to exercise sound business judgment, and having the commitment to rigorously represent the long-term interests of the Company’s stockholders. However, the nominating and corporate governance committee retains the right to modify these qualifications from time to time. Candidates for director nominees are reviewed in the context of the current composition of the Board, the operating requirements of the Company and the long-term interests of stockholders. In conducting this assessment, the nominating and corporate governance committee typically considers diversity, age, skills, and such other factors as it deems appropriate given the current needs of our board of directors and the Company, to maintain a balance of knowledge, experience, and capability. In the case of incumbent directors whose terms of office are set to expire, the nominating and corporate governance committee reviews these directors’ overall service to the Company during their terms, including the number of meetings attended, level of participation, quality of performance and any other relationships and transactions that might impair the directors’ independence. In the case of new director candidates, the nominating and corporate governance committee also determines whether the nominee is independent for NASDAQ purposes, which determination is based upon applicable NASDAQ listing standards, applicable SEC rules and regulations and the advice of counsel, if necessary. The nominating and corporate governance committee then uses its network of contacts to compile a list of potential candidates, but may also engage, if it deems appropriate, a professional search firm. The nominating and corporate governance committee conducts any appropriate and necessary inquiries into the backgrounds and qualifications of possible candidates after considering the function and needs of our board of directors. The nominating and corporate governance committee meets to discuss and consider the candidates’ qualifications and then selects a nominee for recommendation to our board of directors by majority vote.

The nominating and corporate governance committee, to date, has not adopted a formal policy with regard to the consideration of director candidates recommended by stockholders and will consider director candidates recommended by stockholders on a case-by-case basis, as appropriate. The nominating and corporate governance committee does not intend to alter the manner in which it evaluates candidates, including the minimum criteria set forth above, based on whether or not the candidate was recommended by a stockholder. To date, the nominating and corporate governance committee has not received any such nominations nor has it rejected a director nominee from a stockholder or stockholders holding more than 5% of our voting stock. Stockholders who wish to recommend individuals for consideration by the nominating and corporate governance committee to become nominees for election to our board of directors may do so by delivering a written recommendation to the Company’s Secretary at the following address: FibroGen, Inc., 409 Illinois Street, San Francisco, California 94158, no later than the close of business on March 7, 2019 nor earlier than the close of business on February 5, 2019; provided, however, that if our 2019 Annual Meeting of Stockholders is held before May 6, 2019 or after July 5, 2019, then the proposal must be received no earlier than the close of business on the 120^th day prior to such Annual Meeting and no later than the close of business on the later of the 90^th day prior to such Annual Meeting or the 10^th day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such Annual Meeting is first made. Submissions must include the name, age, business address, and residence address of such nominee, the principal occupation or employment of such nominee, the class and number of shares of each class of capital stock of the Company which are owned of record and beneficially by such nominee, the date or dates on which such shares were acquired and the investment intent of such acquisition, and such other information concerning such nominee as would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement soliciting proxies for the election of such nominee as a director in an election contest (even if an election contest is not involved), or that is otherwise required to be disclosed pursuant to Section 14 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder. Any such submission must be accompanied by the written consent of the proposed nominee to be named as a nominee and to serve as a director if elected.

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STOCKHOLDER COMMUNICATIONS WITH THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Our board of directors has adopted a formal process by which stockholders may communicate with the Board or any of its directors. Stockholders who wish to communicate with the Board may do so by sending written communications addressed to Secretary, FibroGen, Inc., 409 Illinois Street, San Francisco, California 94158. All communications will be reviewed by our Secretary and, if requested by the stockholder, forwarded to our board of directors or an individual director, as applicable. Our Secretary reserves the right not to forward to our board of directors or any individual director any unduly frivolous, hostile, threatening, or similarly inappropriate materials.

CODE OF BUSINESS CONDUCT AND ETHICS

We have adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that applies to all directors and employees, including our principal executive officer, Thomas B. Neff, principal financial officer, Pat Cotroneo, and all other executive officers. This Code of Business Conduct and Ethics is available on the Corporate Governance portion of our website at http://media.corporate-ir.net/media_files/IROL/25/253783/Code%20of%20Business%20Conduct%20and%20Ethics%20v09%20(Approved%202014%2009%2017)%20(Revised%202017%2009).pdf. A copy may also be obtained without charge by contacting investor relations, attention Director of Investor Relations, 409 Illinois Street, San Francisco, California 94158, or by calling (415) 978-1200. We plan to post on our website at the address described above any future amendments to or waivers of our Codes of Business Conduct and Ethics.

COMPENSATION COMMITTEE INTERLOCKS AND INSIDER PARTICIPATION

None of the members of our compensation committee is currently or has been at any time during the last year one of our employees. None of our executive officers currently serves, or has served during the last year, as a member of the board of directors or compensation committee of any entity that has one or more executive officers serving as a member of our board of directors or compensation committee.

DIRECTOR COMPENSATION

Our board of directors adopted a non-employee director compensation policy in connection with our initial public offering. The initial adoption and each subsequent amendment of the non-employee director compensation policy was adopted following a benchmarking review with our independent compensation consultant of our peer group and overall board compensation trends. This policy was amended on March 4, 2015 and February 22, 2016. Pursuant to this policy, our non-employee directors are paid annual cash compensation of $45,000. Also, on June 7, 2017, our board of directors approved cash compensation of $20,000 annually for our lead independent director. In addition, non-employee directors are paid $10,000 annually for serving on our audit committee ($20,000 annually for the Chairman), $7,500 annually for serving on our compensation committee ($15,000 annually for the Chairman), and $5,000 annually for serving on our nominating and corporate governance committee ($10,000 annually for the Chairman). Non-employee directors are reimbursed for their reasonable out-of-pocket expenses to cover attendance at and participation in meetings of our board of directors.

Our non-employee directors are granted initial and/or annual option grants under our 2014 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2014 Plan”). Newly appointed or newly elected directors will be granted an option to purchase 12,000 shares of our common stock. The initial option grant will vest in equal quarterly installments over three years from the date of grant, subject to the non-employee director’s continuous service on each applicable vesting date. On the date of each annual meeting of our stockholders, each individual who is elected or appointed as a non-employee director and each other non-employee director who continues to serve as a non-employee director immediately after such annual meeting of our stockholders will be granted an option to purchase 12,000 shares of our common stock; provided, that if the individual is elected or appointed to our board of directors at a time other than at our annual meeting of stockholders, the number of shares of our common stock subject to such annual grant will be pro-rated based on the number of days between the date of such director’s election or appointment and the first anniversary of the most recent annual stockholder meeting to occur prior to such director’s election or appointment to our board of directors. The annual option grant will vest in equal quarterly installments over one year following the vesting commencement date, subject to the non-employee director’s continuous service on each applicable vesting date. All options granted under our non-employee director compensation policy will be granted with an exercise price equal to the fair market value of our common stock on the grant date. The vesting of all options will cease upon a non-employee director’s resignation from our board of directors or other cessation of service, unless our board of directors determines otherwise. All unvested options will vest in full immediately prior to a change in control (as defined in the 2014 Plan), subject to the non-employee director’s continuous service as of the day prior to the closing of such change in control.

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The following table sets forth information regarding compensation earned by or paid to our non-employee directors during 2017:

 

 

 

 

 

 

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PROPOSAL 2

ADVISORY VOTE ON EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”), and Section 14A of the Exchange Act, the Company’s stockholders are entitled to vote to approve, on an advisory basis, the compensation of the Company’s named executive officers as disclosed in this proxy statement in accordance with SEC rules.  

This vote is not intended to address any specific item of compensation, but rather the overall compensation of the Company’s named executive officers and the philosophy, policies, and practices described in this proxy statement. The compensation of the Company’s named executive officers subject to the vote is disclosed in the Compensation Discussion and Analysis, the compensation tables, and the related narrative disclosure contained in this proxy statement. As discussed in those disclosures, the Company believes that its compensation policies and decisions are aligned with our stockholders’ interests and consistent with current market practices.  Compensation of the Company’s named executive officers is designed to enable the Company to attract and retain talented and experienced executives to lead the Company successfully in a competitive environment.

Accordingly, our board of directors is asking the stockholders to indicate their support for the compensation of the Company’s named executive officers as described in this proxy statement by casting a non-binding advisory vote “FOR” the following resolution:

“RESOLVED, that the compensation paid to the Company’s named executive officers, as disclosed pursuant to Item 402 of Regulation S-K, including the Compensation Discussion and Analysis, compensation tables, and narrative discussion, is hereby APPROVED.”

Because the vote is advisory, it is not binding on our board of directors or the Company. Nevertheless, the views expressed by the stockholders, whether through this vote or otherwise, are important to management and our board of directors and, accordingly, our board of directors and our compensation committee intend to consider the results of this vote in making determinations in the future regarding executive compensation arrangements.

Advisory approval of this proposal requires the vote of the holders of a majority of the shares present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote on the matter at the Annual Meeting. Unless our board of directors decides to modify its policy regarding the frequency of soliciting advisory votes on the compensation of the Company’s named executives, the next scheduled say-on-pay vote will be at the 2019 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.

THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS RECOMMENDS

A VOTE “FOR” PROPOSAL 2.

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PROPOSAL 3

RATIFICATION OF SELECTION OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

The audit committee of our Board has selected PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2018 and has further directed that management submit the selection of the independent registered public accounting firm for ratification by the stockholders at the Annual Meeting. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP has audited the Company’s financial statements since 2000. Representatives of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP are expected to be present at our 2018 Annual Meeting. They will have an opportunity to make a statement if they so desire and will be available to respond to appropriate questions.

Neither our amended and restated bylaws nor other governing documents or law require stockholder ratification of the selection of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm. However, our audit committee is submitting the selection of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP to the stockholders for ratification as a matter of good corporate practice. If the stockholders fail to ratify the selection, our audit committee will reconsider whether or not to retain that firm. Even if the selection is ratified, our audit committee in its discretion may direct the appointment of different independent auditors at any time during the year if they determine that such a change would be in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders.

The affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the shares present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote on the matter at the Annual Meeting will be required to ratify the selection of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP. Abstentions will be counted toward the tabulation of votes on proposals presented to the stockholders and will have the same effect as negative votes. Broker non-votes are counted towards a quorum, but are not counted for any purpose in determining whether this matter has been approved.

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

The following table represents aggregate fees of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, our independent registered public accounting firm for fiscal years ended December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016.

 

 

PRE-APPROVAL POLICIES AND PROCEDURES

In accordance with the audit committee charter, our audit committee’s policy is to pre-approve all audit and non-audit services provided by the independent registered public accounting firm, including the estimated fees and other terms of any such engagement. These services may include audit services, audit-related services, tax services, and other services. Any pre-approval is detailed as to the particular service or category of services. Our audit committee may elect to delegate pre-approval authority to one or more designated audit committee members in accordance with its charter. Our audit committee pre-approved all services provided by our independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.

Our audit committee considers whether such audit or non-audit services are consistent with the SEC’s rules on auditor independence. Our audit committee has determined that the provision of the services noted above is compatible with maintaining PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP’s independence.

THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS RECOMMENDS

A VOTE “FOR” PROPOSAL 3.

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REPORT OF THE AUDIT COMMITTEE OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS*

Our audit committee has reviewed and discussed the audited financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017 with management of the Company. Our audit committee has discussed with the independent registered public accounting firm the matters required to be discussed under Auditing Standard No. 16, Communications with Audit Committees, as adopted by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (“PCAOB”). Our audit committee has also received the written disclosures and the letter from the independent registered public accounting firm required by applicable requirements of the PCAOB regarding the independent accountants’ communications with our audit committee concerning independence, and has discussed with the independent registered public accounting firm the accounting firm’s independence. Based on the foregoing, our audit committee has recommended to our board of directors that the audited financial statements be included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Respectfully submitted by the members of the audit committee:

 

Mr. Jeffrey L. Edwards, Chair

Dr. Kalevi Kurkijärvi

Mr. James A. Schoeneck

*The material in this report is not “soliciting material,” is not deemed “filed” with the SEC, and is not to be incorporated by reference in any filing of the Company under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), or the Exchange Act, whether made before or after the date hereof and irrespective of any general incorporation language in any such filing.

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NAMED EXECUTIVE OFFICERS

The following table sets forth certain information about our named executive officers as of March 31, 2018:

 

 

For information for Mr. Neff, please refer to “Nominees for Election for a Three-Year Term Expiring at the 2021 Annual Meeting — Class I ” above.

Pat Cotroneo has served as our Chief Financial Officer since 2008. Mr. Cotroneo joined us in 2000 as Controller, was promoted to Vice President of Finance, and subsequently promoted to Chief Financial Officer in 2008. Prior to joining us, Mr. Cotroneo was at SyStemix, Inc. where he assumed Controller responsibilities for both SyStemix and Genetic Therapy, Inc. (Novartis subsidiaries) from 1993 to 2000. Prior to SyStemix, he was employed by Deloitte & Touche from 1987 to 1993 in various positions. Mr. Cotroneo received a Bachelor of Science degree with honors from the University of San Francisco and was selected a Louise M. Davies scholar.

K. Peony Yu, M.D., served as our Vice President of Clinical Development from December 2008 until April 2016 when she was promoted to Chief Medical Officer. Dr. Yu brings to us expertise in design and execution of all phases of clinical development programs, including clinical and regulatory strategy, interactions with regulatory authorities in the United States and European Union, as well as experience with successful leadership of clinical teams. Prior to joining us, Dr. Yu was Vice President of Clinical Research at Anesiva, Inc., where she was responsible for management of clinical research, statistics/data management, clinical operations, and medical affairs/medical information for all clinical programs, including the late-stage clinical development and approval of Zingo®, a drug-device combination for pain management. Prior to Anesiva, Dr. Yu was Director, Clinical Development at ALZA Corporation (a subsidiary of Johnson & Johnson) where she was Global Clinical Lead for IONSYS®, a drug-device combination for post-operative pain, and led a successful New Drug Application resubmission with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and multiple interactions with European regulatory authorities resulting in marketing approval in 25 European countries. Prior to ALZA, Dr. Yu held previous posts at Pain Therapeutics, Inc. and at Elan Pharmaceuticals. Dr. Yu received a Bachelor of Science degree in Chemical Engineering and a medical degree both from the University of California, Davis, followed by residency training at Stanford Medical School.

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EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

COMPENSATION DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

This Compensation Discussion and Analysis describes the material elements of our executive compensation program during 2017. It also provides an overview of our executive compensation philosophy and objectives and some of the highlights of our executive compensation program. Finally, it analyzes how and why the compensation committee of our board of directors arrived at the specific compensation decisions for the named executive officers for 2017, including the key factors that our compensation committee considered in determining their compensation.

In 2017, our named executive officers consisted of the following:

Executive Summary

2017 Executive Compensation Highlights

The following key compensation actions were taken by our compensation committee with respect to our named executive officers for 2017:

2017 Company Achievements

Consistent with our compensation philosophy and objectives, our compensation committee considered Company performance in 2017 when setting compensation for the year. In 2017, we continued to advance our key programs significantly and to make advancements across multiple platforms and programs, including hypoxia-inducible factor (“HIF”)/anemia, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (“IPF”), and pancreatic cancer.

Our key operational results were as follows:

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2017 Named Executive Officer Achievements

Consistent with our compensation philosophy and objectives, our compensation committee considered the following key achievements of our named executive officers during 2017 when determining payouts for performance-based compensation for 2017 and future compensation:

Pay for Performance

We believe our executive compensation program for 2017 was reasonable and competitive, and appropriately balanced the goals of attracting, motivating, rewarding, and retaining our named executive officers within the context of effective cost management. To ensure our named executive officers’ interests were aligned with those of our stockholders and to motivate and reward individual initiative and effort, a substantial portion of their target annual total direct compensation opportunity was “at-risk” and the actual payment was commensurate with our performance.

We emphasize performance-based compensation that appropriately rewards our named executive officers for delivering financial, operational, and strategic results with respect to pre-established goals through our annual cash bonus plan plus stock options and RSUs that are used to deliver long-term incentive compensation opportunities. We believe that stock options and RSUs are key incentives for our named executive officers to drive long-term stockholder value. To ensure that we remain faithful to our compensation philosophy, our compensation committee will continue to evaluate the relationship between the reported values of the equity awards granted to our named executive officers, the amount of compensation realizable (and ultimately realized) from such awards in subsequent years, and our total stockholder return over this period.

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Executive Compensation Philosophy and Program Design

Compensation Philosophy and Objectives

Our executive compensation program is guided by our overarching philosophy of only paying for demonstrable performance. Consistent with this philosophy, the primary objectives of our executive compensation program are:

Compensation Policies and Practices

We have adopted the following compensation policies and practices to align our executive compensation program with our philosophy and corporate governance policies:

Program Design

We structure the annual compensation of our named executive officers using three principal elements: base salaries, annual cash bonus opportunities, and long-term incentive compensation opportunities in the form of stock options and RSUs. We emphasize performance-based compensation that appropriately rewards our named executive officers for delivering financial, operational, and strategic results with respect to pre-established goals through our annual cash bonus plan, as well as the stock options and RSUs that we use to deliver long-term incentive compensation opportunities.

While our compensation committee does not have any formal policies for allocating compensation among the three components, our compensation committee reviews relevant market compensation data and uses its judgment to determine the appropriate level and mix of compensation on an annual basis to ensure that our compensation is competitive and that we are able to attract and retain capable named executive officers to work for our long-term prosperity and stockholder value, without taking unnecessary or excessive risks.

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Consideration of 2017 Advisory Say-On-Pay Vote; Frequency of Say-On-Pay Vote

On June 7, 2017, we held a stockholder advisory vote on the compensation of our named executive officers, commonly referred to as a “say-on-pay” vote. Our stockholders approved the compensation of our named executive officers, with over 98% of stockholder votes that were cast being in favor of our 2017 say-on-pay resolution. Noting the overwhelmingly favorable result of this vote, for fiscal year 2017, the compensation committee retained our general approach to our executive compensation program.

On June 7, 2017, we also held an advisory vote as to how frequently we should hold a say-on-pay vote. Approximately 89% of the stockholder votes that were cast were in favor of holding the vote on an annual basis. As a result, we will hold an annual advisory stockholder vote to approve our named executive officer compensation until we receive the results of our next say-on-pay frequency vote, which is scheduled to be held in 2023.

Governance of Executive Compensation Program

Role of our Compensation Committee

Our board of directors established our compensation committee for the purposes of:

Compensation Committee Processes and Procedures

Our compensation committee generally meets at least once in the first quarter of the year, and again throughout the year as needed. The agenda for each meeting is usually developed by the Chair of our compensation committee, in consultation with our CEO and other members of management. From time to time, members of management and other employees as well as outside advisors or consultants are invited by our compensation committee to make presentations, to provide financial or other background information or advice or to otherwise participate in compensation committee meetings. Our compensation committee also meets regularly in executive session.

Our CEO may not participate in, or be present during, any deliberations or determinations of our compensation committee regarding his compensation. The charter of our compensation committee grants the committee full access to all books, records, facilities, and personnel of the Company. In addition, under the charter, our compensation committee has the authority to obtain, at the expense of the Company, advice and assistance from internal and external legal, accounting, or other advisors and other external resources that our compensation committee considers necessary or appropriate in the performance of its duties. Our compensation committee has direct responsibility for the oversight of the work of any advisors engaged for the purpose of advising the committee. In particular, our compensation committee has the sole authority to retain compensation consultants to assist in its evaluation of executive and director compensation, including the authority to approve the consultant’s reasonable fees and other retention terms. Under the charter, our compensation committee may select, or receive advice from, a compensation consultant, legal counsel, or other advisor to our compensation committee, other than in-house legal counsel and certain other types of advisors, only after taking into consideration the factors specified in NASDAQ Listing Rule 5605(d)(3)(D) or any successor provision, that bear upon the advisor’s independence; however, there is no requirement that any advisor be independent.

Our compensation committee is expected to make most of the significant adjustments to annual compensation, determine bonus and equity awards, and establish new performance objectives at one or more meetings typically held during the first quarter of the year. However, our compensation committee also considers matters related to individual compensation, such as compensation for new executive hires, as well as high-level strategic issues, such as the efficacy of the Company’s compensation strategy, potential modifications to that strategy, and new trends, plans or approaches to compensation, at various meetings throughout the year. Generally, our compensation committee’s process comprises two related elements: the determination of compensation levels and the establishment and measurement of performance objectives for the current year.

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For executive officers other than our CEO, our compensation committee solicits and considers evaluations and recommendations submitted to our compensation committee by our CEO. In the case of our CEO, the evaluation of his performance is conducted by our compensation committee, which determines his compensation as well as any equity awards to be granted to him. For all executive officers and directors as part of its deliberations, our compensation committee may review and consider, as appropriate, materials such as financial reports and projections, operational data, tax and accounting information, tally sheets that set forth the total compensation that may become payable to the executive officers in various hypothetical scenarios, executive and director stock ownership information, Company stock performance data, analyses of historical executive compensation levels and current Company-wide compensation levels and recommendations of our compensation committee’s compensation consultant, including analyses of executive and director compensation paid at peer group companies.

Role of Compensation Consultant

In 2017, our compensation committee retained Compensia, Inc., a national compensation consulting firm, to serve as its compensation consultant. Compensia serves at the discretion of our compensation committee. During 2017, Compensia regularly attended the meetings of our compensation committee (both with and without management present) and provided the following services:

At the request of our compensation committee, Compensia also conducted discussions with members of our compensation committee and senior management to learn more about the Company’s business operations and strategy, key strategic goals, as well as the labor markets in which the Company competes. Compensia provided market data and advice relating to executive compensation strategy, incentive design, mix, and timing. In each case, our compensation committee approved the final cash and equity compensation awards for our executive officers following review of the compensation consultant materials.

In 2017, Compensia consulting services were limited to our compensation committee, which regularly reviews the objectivity and independence of the advice provided by its compensation consultant on executive and non-employee director compensation. In 2017, our compensation committee considered the six specific independence factors adopted by the SEC and The NASDAQ Stock Market and determined that the work of Compensia raised no conflicts of interest.

Competitive Positioning

For purposes of comparing our executive compensation against the competitive market, our compensation committee reviews and considers the compensation levels and practices of a group of comparable companies. This compensation peer group consists of biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies that are similar to us in terms of revenue, market capitalization, and number of employees at the time of the evaluation.

Initially in 2017, based on a review conducted by our compensation consultant in August 2016, our compensation committee used the following compensation peer group to assist with the determination of compensation for our named executive officers:

 

 

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In October 2017, due in part on developments with our connective tissue growth factor program and a substantial increase in company valuation, with the assistance of Compensia, our compensation committee reviewed and updated the compensation peer group. In revising the compensation peer group, the following criteria were observed in identifying comparable companies:

Following the consultation with Compensia, our compensation committee approved the following compensation peer group for use during the remainder of 2017:

 

 

To analyze the compensation practices of the companies in our compensation peer group, our compensation committee’s compensation consultant gathered data from public filings (primarily proxy statements). This market data was then used as a reference point for our compensation committee to assess our current compensation levels in the course of its deliberations on compensation forms and amounts.

Our compensation committee intends to review the compensation peer group annually and make adjustments to its composition, taking into account changes in both our business and the businesses of the companies in the peer group.

Individual Compensation Elements

In 2017, the primary elements of our executive compensation program consisted of base salary, an annual cash bonus opportunity, and long-term incentive compensation in the form of stock option and RSUs. When selecting and setting the amount of each compensation element for 2017, our compensation committee considered the following factors:

These factors provide the framework for compensation decision-making and final decisions regarding the compensation opportunity for each named executive officer. No single factor is determinative in setting pay levels, nor is the impact of any factor on the determination of pay levels quantifiable.

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Base Salary

Base salary represents the fixed portion of the compensation of our named executive officers and is an important element of compensation intended to attract and retain highly-talented individuals.

Generally, we establish the initial base salaries of our named executive officers through arm’s length negotiation at the time we hire the individual, taking into account his or her position, qualifications, experience, prior salary level, and the base salaries of our other executive officers. Thereafter, our compensation committee reviews the base salaries of our named executive officers annually and makes adjustments to base salaries as it determines to be necessary or appropriate.

In February 2017, our compensation committee reviewed the base salaries of our named executive officers, taking into consideration a competitive market analysis prepared by its compensation consultant, the recommendations of our CEO, and the other factors described above. Following this review, our compensation committee determined that adjustments were necessary to maintain the competitiveness of our named executive officers’ base salaries and, consequently, decided to increase their base salaries from their 2016 levels.

In July 2017, to maintain market competitiveness and internal equity balance, our compensation committee reviewed the base salary of Dr. Yu, and taking into consideration a competitive market analysis prepared by its compensation consultant, and the recommendations of our CEO, determined that further adjustment to her base salary was necessary.

The base salaries of our named executive officers for 2017 were adjusted as follows:

 

*       Starting base salary for Dr. Yu in 2017 was $479,000, which was increased mid-year to $525,000.

Annual Cash Bonuses

For 2017, the Incentive Compensation Plan, as amended, was the single cash bonus plan (the “2017 Bonus Plan”) for our employees, including our named executive officers. Our board of directors and our compensation committee designed the 2017 Bonus Plan to motivate our eligible employees to achieve the following objectives, which align with our compensation philosophy:

The terms of the 2017 Bonus Plan include each participant’s target annual cash bonus opportunity, the corporate goals, and the formula for determining bonus payments. Whether a participant received an annual cash bonus payment pursuant to the 2017 Bonus Plan was determined by our compensation committee, in its sole discretion, based upon its assessment of our actual performance as measured against all of the corporate performance goals established for 2017, as well as the recommendations from our CEO with respect to a specific employee’s performance.  

The target annual cash bonus opportunities of our named executive officers for 2017 were as follows, which were set at the same target levels as in 2016 and were within the ranges used by the companies in our compensation peer group:

 

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Corporate Performance Goals

The corporate performance goals under the 2017 Bonus Plan and, in the case of quantifiable goals, the related target levels, were selected based on our corporate priorities, goals, and objectives. These corporate performance goals included:

In selecting these corporate performance goals, our compensation committee believed that they were appropriate drivers for our business as they provided a balance between strengthening our financial position, moving our various products through the research and development process and towards commercial acceptance, and growing our business, which enhance stockholder value over the short-term. Individual goals are given weightings as part of the goal setting process, and performance is assessed against the goal achievement, including over- and under-achievement. The related target levels were set to reward strong management performance in light of our strategic objectives and the industry and economic conditions and trends at the time the target levels were set.

2017 Bonus Plan Payments

In January 2018, after consultation with and giving consideration to the recommendations of our CEO, our compensation committee determined the amounts to be paid under the 2017 Bonus Plan based on our actual performance for the year with respect to the corporate performance goals multiplied by his or her target annual cash bonus opportunity. In the case of our named executive officers, our compensation committee noted the individual performance of each named executive officer against his or her corporate performance goals, as described above in “—Executive Summary—2017 Named Executive Officer Achievements”.

After assessing the Company’s performance for the year, as detailed above in “—Executive Summary—2017 Company Achievements”, our compensation committee determined the aggregate level of corporate goal achievement for the Company was 110.0% of the target levels.

Based on its review of company and individual performance, our compensation committee determined that our CEO, Mr. Neff, and our CFO, Mr. Cotroneo, would each have his bonus paid at 110.0% of their respective target levels in line with the overall corporate goal achievement, while Dr. Yu, based on her outstanding individual performance in achieving the corporate goals, would have her bonus payment increased by an additional 40% of her original target level for a total payment of 150% of target level. As described above, Mr. Cotroneo was recognized for outstanding performance in his leadership in significantly enhancing the compliance and operational systems through automation and continued development of Sarbanes-Oxley Act related policies and procedures. Dr. Yu was recognized for her leadership in significantly exceeding patient enrollment in our three Phase 3 CKD and anemia studies and working closely with our partners to expand our anemia program into new indications.

The target annual cash bonus opportunities and the actual cash bonus payments made to our named executive officers for 2017 were as follows:

 

 

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Long-Term Incentive Compensation

Our compensation committee believes long-term incentive compensation is an effective means for focusing our named executive officers on driving increased stockholder value over a multi-year period, provides a meaningful reward for appreciation in our stock price and long-term value creation, and motivates them to remain employed with us. Currently, our compensation committee uses equity awards in the form of stock options and RSUs to deliver the annual long-term incentive compensation opportunities to our named executive officers and to address special situations as they may arise from time-to-time.

Our compensation committee believes stock options provide an effective performance incentive because our named executive officers derive value from their options only if our stock price increases (which benefits all stockholders) and they remain employed with us beyond the date that their options “vest” (that is, become exercisable). Our compensation committee also believes that RSUs help us to retain our named executive officers and reward them for long-term stock price appreciation while at the same time providing some value to the recipient even if the market price of our common stock is stable or declines.

As with their other elements of compensation, our compensation committee determines the amount of annual long-term incentive compensation for our named executive officers as part of its annual compensation review and after taking into consideration a competitive market analysis including as prepared by our compensation consultant, the recommendations of our CEO, the outstanding equity holdings of each named executive officer, the projected impact of the proposed awards on our earnings, the proportion of our total shares outstanding used for annual employee long-term incentive compensation awards (our “burn rate”) in relation to the companies in our compensation peer group, the potential voting power dilution to our stockholders (our “overhang”) in relation to the companies in our compensation peer group, and the other factors described above.

On March 8, 2017, our compensation committee determined to grant equity awards to our named executive officers. The equity awards granted to our named executive officers were as follows:

 

 

These stock options have an exercise price of $25.40 per share, the closing price of our common stock on March 8, 2017, and vest as to 1/4th of the shares of our common stock subject to the stock options on March 1, 2018 and as to 1/16th of the shares subject to the stock options at the end of each three-month period thereafter, contingent on the named executive officer’s continued employment as of each vesting date. The RSUs vest as to 1/4th of the shares of our common stock subject to the awards on March 6, 2018 and as to 1/16th of the shares subject to the awards at the end of each three-month period thereafter, contingent on the named executive officer’s continued employment as of each vesting date.

Severance and Change in Control Benefits

Our named executive officers are party to severance agreements, the terms of which were established in 2014, and subsequently amended in 2016, in each case after consultation with our compensation consultant and review of peer group data. These agreements provide for cash severance, equity acceleration, and certain other benefits upon a qualified termination of employment in connection with a change in control of the Company. Each of our named executive officers holds stock options under our Amended and Restated 2005 Stock Plan and the 2014 Plan, as well as RSUs under the 2014 Plan, both of which will accelerate in full upon a qualified termination of employment in connection with a change in control of the Company. See “Change in Control Arrangements” below for specific details of these severance and change in control payments and benefits for our named executive officers.

Given the nature of the industry in which we participate and the range of strategic initiatives that we may explore, we believe these severance and change of control payments and benefits are an essential element of our executive compensation package and assist us in recruiting and retaining talented individuals. In addition, since we believe it may be difficult for our named executive officers to find comparable employment following a termination of employment without “cause” or resignation with “good reason” in connection with or following a change of control of the Company, these severance and change of control payments and benefits are intended to ease the consequences to a named executive officer of an unexpected termination of employment. By establishing these severance and change of control payments and benefits, we believe we can mitigate the distraction and loss of our named executive officers that may occur in connection with rumored or actual fundamental corporate changes and thereby protect stockholder interests while a transaction is under consideration or pending.

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Other Compensation Practices

Welfare and Health Benefits; 401(k) Plan

We maintain a 401(k) plan that provides eligible U.S. employees, including our named executive officers, with an opportunity to save for retirement on a tax-advantaged basis. Commencing in 2014, active contributing participants in our 401(k) plan are eligible to receive employer matching contributions of up to 2%, 4%, or 6% of base salary, depending upon the participant’s number of years of service. Employer matching contributions are subject to applicable annual Internal Revenue Code limits and are fully vested when made.

In addition, our named executive officers are eligible to participate in our employee benefit programs on the same basis as all of our employees. These benefits include medical, dental and vision benefits, disability insurance, basic life insurance coverage, health savings accounts, and accidental death and dismemberment insurance.

We design our employee benefits programs to be affordable and competitive in relation to the market, as well as compliant with applicable laws and practices. We adjust our employee benefits programs as needed based upon regular monitoring of applicable laws and practices and the competitive market.

Perquisites and Other Personal Benefits

Currently, we do not view perquisites or other personal benefits as a significant component of our executive compensation program. Accordingly, we do not provide perquisites or other personal benefits to our named executive officers, except in situations where we believe it is appropriate to assist an individual in the performance of his or her duties, to make our named executive officers more efficient and effective, and for recruitment and retention purposes.

During 2017, none of our named executive officers received perquisites or other personal benefits.

In the future, we may provide perquisites or other personal benefits in limited circumstances, such as those described in the preceding paragraph. All future practices with respect to perquisites or other personal benefits will be approved and subject to periodic review by our compensation committee.

Trading Policy

Our Insider Trading Policy prohibits the trading of any derivative securities related to our equity securities at any time, as well as engaging in short selling of our securities or, unless approved in advance by a designated clearance officer, purchases of our securities on margin.

Analysis of Risks Presented by our Executive Compensation Policies and Programs

Our compensation committee conducts an annual review and approval of our compensation strategy, including a review and determination of our compensation peer group used for comparative purposes and a review of our compensation-related risk profile to ensure that our compensation programs do not encourage excessive or inappropriate risk taking and that the level of risk that they do encourage is not reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on us. Our executive compensation programs consist of both fixed and variable compensation. The fixed (salary) portion is designed to provide a steady income regardless of our stock price performance so that our executives do not focus exclusively on stock price performance to the detriment of other important business metrics. The variable (cash bonus and equity) portions of compensation are designed to reward both short-term and long-term corporate performance. We believe that the variable elements of compensation are a sufficient percentage of overall compensation to motivate our executives to produce positive short- and long-term corporate results, while the fixed element is also sufficiently high such that our executives are not encouraged to take unnecessary or excessive risks in doing so. Because our named executive officers receive a significant portion of their compensation in the form of equity, with multiple year vesting, this discourages them from making short-term decisions that may result in long-term harm to the organization. Further, the performance goals used to determine the amount of a named executive officer’s bonus are measures that our compensation committee believes contribute to long-term stockholder value and promote the continued viability of the Company and are often focused on key events related to the overall success of our product development. Finally, compensation decisions include subjective considerations, which help to constrain the influence of formulas or objective factors on excessive risk taking.

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Tax and Accounting Considerations

Deductibility of Executive Compensation

Section 162(m) of the Code generally provides that publicly held companies may not deduct compensation paid to certain of their top executive officers to the extent that such compensation exceeds $1 million per officer in any year. In connection with recently-enacted tax reform legislation, the exemption from the deduction limit under Section 162(m) of the Code for “performance-based compensation” has been repealed, such that, beginning with taxable years starting on January 1, 2018, compensation paid to our “covered employees” in excess of $1 million will not be deductible unless it qualifies for transition relief applicable to certain “grandfathered” arrangements in place as of November 2, 2017. We will continue to monitor and review related guidance from the Internal Revenue Service as it becomes available. In determining the form and amount of compensation for our named executive officers, our compensation committee may continue to consider all elements of the cost of such compensation. While our compensation committee considers the deductibility of awards as one factor in determining executive compensation, our compensation committee may also look at other factors in making its decisions, and retains the flexibility to award compensation that it determines to be consistent with the goals of our executive compensation program even if the compensation is not deductible by us for tax purposes.

Taxation of “Parachute” Payments

Sections 280G and 4999 of the Code provide that executive officers and members of our board of directors who hold significant equity interests and certain other service providers may be subject to significant additional taxes if they receive payments or benefits in connection with a Change in Control of the Company that exceeds certain prescribed limits, and that we (or our successor) may forfeit a deduction on the amounts subject to this additional tax. We did not provide any named executive officer with a “gross-up” or other reimbursement payment for any tax liability that he or she may owe as a result of the application of Sections 280G or 4999 during 2017, and we have not agreed and are not otherwise obligated to provide any named executive officer with such a “gross-up” or other reimbursement.

Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation

We follow FASB ASC Topic 718 for our stock-based compensation awards. Topic 718 requires us to measure the compensation expense for all share-based payment awards made to our employees and members of our board of directors, including stock options and other stock awards, based on the grant date “fair value” of these awards. This calculation is performed for accounting purposes and reported in the executive compensation tables required by the federal securities laws, even though the recipient of the awards may never realize any value from their awards.

 

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COMPENSATION COMMITTEE REPORT*

The compensation committee of our board of directors has reviewed and discussed the Compensation Discussion and Analysis required by Item 402(b) of Regulation S-K with management and, based on such review and discussions, our compensation committee hereby recommends that the Compensation Discussion and Analysis be included in this proxy statement.

Respectfully submitted by the members of our compensation committee:

James A. Schoeneck, Chair

Thomas F. Kearns Jr.

Rory B. Riggs

Jorma Routti, Ph.D.

*The material in this report is not “soliciting material,” is not deemed “filed” with the SEC and is not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of FibroGen, Inc. under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, whether made before or after the date hereof and irrespective of any general incorporation language in any such filing.

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Summary Compensation Table

The following table sets forth all of the compensation awarded to, earned by, or paid to our named executive officers during 2017, 2016, and 2015.

 

 

For Mr. Neff, the 2017 amount consists of (i) payment of a $3,960 life insurance premium and (ii) a matching contribution of $16,200 to the FibroGen, Inc. 401(k) Plan. The 2016 amount consists of (i) health club membership fees and associated tax gross up of $8,168, (ii) payment of a $3,960 life insurance premium, and (iii) a matching contribution of $15,900 to the FibroGen, Inc. 401(k) Plan. The 2015 amount consists of (i) health club membership fees and associated tax gross up of $6,218, (ii) payment of a $630 life insurance premium, and (iii) a matching contribution of $15,900 to the FibroGen, Inc. 401(k) Plan.

For Mr. Cotroneo, the 2017 amount consists of (i) payment of a $1,076 life insurance premium and (ii) a matching contribution of $16,200 to the FibroGen, Inc. 401(k) Plan. The 2016 amount consists of (i) payment of a $1,076 life insurance premium and (ii) a matching contribution of $15,900 to the FibroGen, Inc. 401(k) Plan. The 2015 amount consists of (i) payment of an $840 life insurance premium and (ii) a matching contribution of $15,900 to the FibroGen, Inc. 401(k) Plan.

For Dr. Yu, the 2017 amount consists of (i) payment of a $2,131 life insurance premium and (ii) a matching contribution of $16,200 to the FibroGen, Inc. 401(k) Plan. The 2016 amount consists of (i) payment of a $1,076 life insurance premium and (ii) a matching contribution of $15,900 to the FibroGen, Inc. 401(k) Plan. The 2015 amount consists of (i) payment of a $630 life insurance premium and (ii) a matching contribution of $15,900 to the FibroGen, Inc. 401(k) Plan.

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2017 Grants of Plan-Based Awards Table

The following table provides information with regard to each grant of plan-based award made to a named executive officer under any plan during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017.

 

 

Option Exercises and Stock Vested in 2017 Table

The following table shows certain information regarding option exercises and stock vested during the last fiscal year with respect to our named executive officers for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017:

 

 

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Outstanding Equity Awards at December 31, 2017 Table

The following table provides information regarding outstanding equity awards held by each of our named executive officers as of December 31, 2017.

 

 

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Change in Control Arrangements

Our named executive officers are party to severance agreements, the terms of which were established in 2014, and subsequently amended in 2016, in each case after consultation with our compensation consultant and review of peer group data. Under the terms of the change in control severance agreements, if a named executive officer’s employment is terminated by us without “cause” or other than due to death or disability or he or she resigns for “good reason,” in either case, in connection with or within 18 months following the effective date of a change in control of the Company (“CIC Termination”), subject to his or her timely execution (and non-revocation) of a release of claims within 60 days following the date of such termination of employment, he or she will be entitled to receive the following severance payments and benefits:

Notwithstanding the foregoing, to the extent that a named executive officer would be entitled to a greater level of severance payments and benefits under the terms and conditions of a severance plan or policy provided by us or our successor to our other employees being terminated in connection with or within 12 months following a change in control of the Company but for the existence of the change in control severance agreement, he or she will be entitled to receive the greater of the severance payments and benefits provided under such plan or policy or the change in control severance agreement.

In addition, to the extent that any payment or benefit that a named executive officer would receive under the change in control severance agreement or otherwise would constitute a “parachute payment” within the meaning of Section 280G of the Code  and such payments or benefits would be subject to the excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Code, then such payments or benefits will either be provided to him or her in full, or reduced to such lesser amount that would result in no portion of such payments or benefits being subject to the excise tax, whichever amount after taking into account all applicable taxes, including the excise tax, would result in his or her receipt, on an after-tax basis, of the greatest amount of such payments and benefits.

For purposes of the change in control severance agreement, “cause” for termination of a named executive officer’s employment will exist if a named executive officer is terminated for any of the following reasons: (1) the named executive officer’s willful failure substantially to perform his or her duties and responsibilities to us or a deliberate violation of our policies; (2) the named executive officer’s commission of any act of fraud, embezzlement, dishonesty or any other willful misconduct that has caused or is reasonably expected to result in material injury to us; (3) unauthorized use or disclosure by the named executive officer of any of our proprietary information or trade secrets of or any other party to whom the named executive officer owes an obligation of nondisclosure as a result of his or her relationship with us; or (4) the named executive officer’s willful breach of any of his or her obligations under any written agreement or covenant with us.

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For purposes of the change in control severance agreement, “good reason” generally means the existence of any of the following conditions without the named executive officer’s written consent: (1) a material reduction in job duties or responsibilities inconsistent with the named executive officer’s position with us (provided, that any such reduction or change after a change in control will not constitute good reason if the named executive officer retains reasonably comparable duties and responsibilities with respect to our business within the successor entity following a change in control); (2) a reduction of the named executive officer’s then current base salary; (3) the relocation of the named executive officer’s principal place of employment to a place that increases the named executive officer’s one-way commute by more than forty (40) miles as compared to the named executive officer’s principal place of employment prior to such relocation; (4) any material breach by us of the change in control severance agreement or any other written agreement between us and the named executive officer; or (5) the failure by any successor to us to assume the change in control severance agreement and any obligations thereunder.

In order to resign for good reason, the named executive officer must give written notice to us of the event forming the basis of the termination for good reason within sixty (60) days after the date on which we give written notice to the named executive officer of our decision to take any action set forth above, we must fail to cure such condition within thirty (30) days after receipt of the named executive officer’s written notice and the named executive officer must terminate his or her employment within thirty (30) days following the expiration of the cure period.

Each of our named executive officers also holds stock options under our Amended and Restated 2005 Stock Plan (the “2005 Plan”) and the 2014 Plan that will accelerate in full in the event his or her employment is terminated by us without “cause” following a “Change in Control” of the Company or if he or she incurs a “constructive termination” of employment within 12 months following a Change in Control of the Company (as each such term is defined in the applicable stock option agreement). In addition, any stock options granted under our 2014 Plan that are not assumed, continued, or otherwise substituted for in the transaction will vest and become exercisable in full immediately prior to the closing of such transaction.

For purposes of the standard form of option agreement under the 2005 Plan, “cause” generally means: (1) a commission of a felony related to us or our business or any crime involving fraud or moral turpitude; (2) the attempted commission of, or participation in, a fraud against us; (3) the unauthorized use or disclosure of our confidential information or trade secrets; or (4) the participant’s willful failure to substantially perform his or her duties and responsibilities owed to us. For purposes of the standard form of option agreement under the 2005 Plan, “constructive termination” generally means (1) a substantial reduction in the participant’s duties or responsibilities in effect immediately prior to the effective time of a change in control; (2) a material reduction in a participant’s annual base salary as in effect on the closing date of the change in control or as increased thereafter; (3) any failure by us to continue in effect any benefit plan or program in which the participant was participating immediately prior to the effective time of a change in control or the taking of any action by us that would adversely affect a participant’s participation in or reduce benefits under any such plans or programs (provided, that a constructive termination will not be deemed to have occurred if we provide for the participation in benefit plans and programs that, taken as a whole, are comparable to those that were provided immediately prior to the change in control); (4) a relocation of the participant’s business office to a location more than 50 miles from the location at which the participant performed his or her duties as of the effective time of the change in control; or (5) a material breach by us of any provision of any material agreement between the participant and us concerning the terms and conditions of the participant’s employment.

The change in control form of option grant notice and agreement under the 2014 Plan provides that in the event of a change in control (as defined in the 2014 Plan): (1) if at the time of the change in control, a participant’s outstanding option is assumed, continued or otherwise substituted in the change in control transaction and the participant’s employment is involuntarily terminated by us or our successor corporation without cause or due to a constructive termination within twelve (12) months following the closing of such change in control transaction, the vesting and exercisability of the unvested portion of the participant’s option will accelerate in full on the date of such termination, and/or (2) if a participant’s outstanding option is not assumed, continued or otherwise substituted in the change in control transaction, the unvested portion of the participant’s option will vest and become exercisable as of immediately prior to the closing of the change in control transaction.

Estimated Change of Control and Severance Benefits

The following charts present the approximate amount of the benefits to which each of our named executive officers would have been entitled had his or her employment terminated under the circumstances described in the preceding paragraphs on December 31, 2017.

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The amounts in the following table assume that our named executive officers terminated employment effective December 31, 2017 pursuant to the indicated events. The closing price of our common stock on December 29, 2017 (the last trading day of 2017) was $47.40. These amounts are in addition to benefits generally available to our employees upon termination of employment, such as distributions from our 401(k) plan and payout of accrued vacation.

 

 

CEO Pay Ratio Disclosure

As required by Section 953(b) of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, and Item 402(u) of Regulation S-K, we are providing the following information about the relationship of the annual total compensation of our employees and the annual total compensation of our CEO, Thomas B. Neff:

 

For 2017:

We identified the employee with compensation at the median of the annual total compensation of all our employees using the following methodology:

Using this methodology, we identified the individual at the median of our employee population. We then calculated the annual total compensation for this individual using the same methodology we use to calculate the amount reported for our CEO in the “Total” column of the 2017 Summary Compensation Table as set forth in this proxy statement. As disclosed in the 2017 Summary Compensation Table, the annual total compensation for our CEO was $7,088.691.

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Because SEC rules for identifying the median of the annual total compensation of all employees allow companies to adopt a variety of methodologies, apply certain exclusions, and make reasonable estimates and assumptions that reflect their employee population and compensation practices, the pay ratio reported by other companies may not be comparable to our pay ratio, as other companies have different employee populations and compensation practices and may have used different methodologies, exclusions, estimates, and assumptions in calculating their pay ratios. As explained by the SEC when it adopted these rules, the rule was not designed to facilitate comparisons of pay ratios among different companies, even companies within the same industry, but rather to allow stockholders to better understand and assess each particular company’s compensation practices and pay ratio disclosures.

Offer Letter Agreements

We entered into initial employment offer letters with two of our named executive officers. Each of these offer letters was approved by our board of directors.

Pat Cotroneo

We entered into an offer letter agreement with Mr. Cotroneo, then our Controller, in November 2000. The offer letter has no specific term and constitutes an at-will employment arrangement. Mr. Cotroneo’s annual base salary as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 was $453,000 and $440,000, respectively. In connection with his employment, Mr. Cotroneo was granted an initial option to purchase 40,000 shares of our common stock, pursuant to the terms of the 2005 Plan (described above). Mr. Cotroneo has exercised the option to purchase 40,000 shares of our common stock.

K. Peony Yu, M.D.

We entered into an offer letter agreement with Dr. Yu, then our Vice President, Clinical Development, in November 2008. The offer letter has no specific term and constitutes an at-will employment arrangement. Dr. Yu’s annual base salary as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 was $525,000 and $463,000, respectively. In connection with her employment, Dr. Yu was granted an initial option to purchase 70,000 shares of our common stock, pursuant to the terms of the 2005 Plan (described above). Dr. Yu has exercised the option to purchase 70,000 shares of our common stock.

Pension Benefits

We do not maintain any pension benefit plans.

Nonqualified Deferred Compensation

We do not maintain any nonqualified deferred compensation plans.

Limitation on Liability and Indemnification Matters

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation contains provisions limiting the liability of directors, and our amended and restated bylaws provide that we will indemnify each of our directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted under Delaware law. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws also provide our board of directors with discretion to indemnify our employees and other agents when determined appropriate by our board of directors. In addition, we have entered into an indemnification agreement with each of our directors and our executive officers that may require the Company to indemnify its directors and officers against liabilities that may arise by reason of their status or service as directors or officers to the extent permissible under applicable law. However, Delaware law prohibits our amended and restated certificate of incorporation from limiting the liability of our directors for the following:

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If Delaware law is amended to authorize corporate action further eliminating or limiting the personal liability of a director, then the liability of our directors will be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law, as so amended.

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation does not eliminate a director’s duty of care and, in appropriate circumstances, equitable remedies, such as injunctive or other forms of non-monetary relief, remain available under Delaware law. This provision also does not affect a director’s responsibilities under any other laws, such as the federal securities laws or other state or federal laws. Under our amended and restated bylaws, we will also be empowered to enter into indemnification agreements with our directors, officers, employees and other agents and to purchase insurance on behalf of any person whom we are required or permitted to indemnify.

In addition to the indemnification required in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws, we have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our current directors and officers. These agreements provide for the indemnification of such persons for all reasonable expenses and liabilities incurred in connection with any action or proceeding brought against them by reason of the fact that they are or were serving in such capacity. We believe that these bylaw provisions and indemnification agreements are necessary to attract and retain qualified persons as directors, officers and employees. Furthermore, we have obtained director and officer liability insurance to cover liabilities our directors and officers may incur in connection with their services to us.

The limitation of liability and indemnification provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws may discourage stockholders from bringing a lawsuit against directors for breach of their fiduciary duties. They may also reduce the likelihood of derivative litigation against directors and officers, even though an action, if successful, might benefit us and our stockholders. A stockholder’s investment may be harmed to the extent we pay the costs of settlement and damage awards against directors and officers pursuant to these indemnification provisions. Insofar as indemnification of our directors, officers and controlling persons for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, we have been advised that, in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act, and is, therefore, unenforceable. There is no pending litigation or proceeding naming any of our directors or officers as to which indemnification is being sought, nor are we aware of any pending or threatened litigation that may result in claims for indemnification by any director or officer.

Rule 10b5-1 Sales Plans

From time to time, our executive officers and directors may be parties to individual Rule 10b5-1 trading plans pursuant to which shares of our common stock will be sold for their account from time to time in accordance with the provisions of the plans without any further action or involvement by the officers. Under a Rule 10b5-1 plan, a broker executes trades pursuant to parameters established by the director or officer when entering into the plan, without further direction from them. The director or officer may amend a Rule 10b5-1 plan in some circumstances and may terminate a plan at any time. Our directors and executive officers also may buy or sell additional shares outside of a Rule 10b5-1 plan when they are not in possession of material nonpublic information subject to compliance with the terms of our Insider Trading Policy.

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EQUITY COMPENSATION PLAN INFORMATION

The following table provides certain information with respect to all of our equity compensation plans in effect as of December 31, 2017.

 

 

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SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT

The following table sets forth certain information with respect to the beneficial ownership of our common stock as of January 31, 2018 for:

Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC and generally includes any shares over which a person exercises sole or shared voting or investment power. Shares of common stock issuable under stock options or RSUs that are exercisable within 60 days after January 31, 2018 are deemed beneficially owned and such shares are used in computing the percentage ownership of the person holding the options or warrants, but are not deemed outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of any other person. The information contained in the following table is not necessarily indicative of beneficial ownership for any other purpose, and the inclusion of any shares in the table does not constitute an admission of beneficial ownership of those shares.

Unless otherwise indicated below, to our knowledge all persons named in the table have sole voting and dispositive power with respect to their shares of common stock, except to the extent authority is shared by spouses under community property laws.

Our calculation of the percentage of beneficial ownerships is based on 82,666,979 shares of common stock outstanding as of January 31, 2018, adjusted as required by rules promulgated by the SEC.

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This table is based upon information supplied by officers, directors, principal stockholders, and Schedules 13D and 13G, if any, filed with the SEC, which information may not be accurate as of January 31, 2018. Unless otherwise indicated below, the address of each beneficial owner listed in the table below is c/o FibroGen, Inc., 409 Illinois Street, San Francisco, California 94158.

 

 

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SECTION 16(A) BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP REPORTING COMPLIANCE

Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act requires our directors and named executive officers, and persons who own more than ten percent of a registered class of our equity securities, to file with the SEC initial reports of ownership and reports of changes in ownership of our common stock and other equity securities. Our named executive officers, directors and greater than ten percent stockholders are required by SEC regulation to furnish us with copies of all Section 16(a) forms they file.

To our knowledge, based solely on a review of the copies of such reports furnished to us and written representations that no other reports were required, during fiscal 2017 our named executive officers, directors and greater than ten percent beneficial owners complied with all Section 16(a) filing requirements applicable to each of them, except that Pat Cotroneo filed one late Form 4 on March 6, 2017 covering a same-day sale, Kalevi Kurkijärvi filed one late Form 4 on September 20, 2017 covering a sale, and Thomas B. Neff filed one late Form 4 on February 23, 2018 covering the exercise of an equity grant, in each case due to clerical error.

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TRANSACTIONS WITH RELATED PERSONS

RELATED-PERSON TRANSACTIONS PROCEDURES

It is our practice to comply with all applicable laws, rules and regulations regarding related-person transactions, including the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. A related-person is any executive officer, director, or more than 5% stockholder of the Company, including any of their immediate family members, and any entity owned or controlled by such persons. Under its charter, our audit committee is charged with reviewing and approving or disapproving all related-person transactions, including transactions with more than 5% stockholders of the Company, as required by the NASDAQ rules. In considering related-person transactions, the audit committee takes into account the relevant available facts and circumstances. In the event a director has an interest in the proposed transaction, the director must recuse himself or herself from the deliberations and approval.

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS

Exchange of Series A Preference Shares by FibroGen China Anemia Holdings, Ltd.

In July and December 2012 and February 2013, pursuant to a Share Purchase Agreement, our subsidiary, FibroGen China Anemia Holdings, Ltd. (“FibroGen China”), sold an aggregate of 6,758,000 Series A Preference Shares at a purchase price of $1.00 per share. In order to optimize our business structure as we approach the commercial stage of our business in China, we initiated and concluded the following corporate restructure during 2017. On June 29, 2017, our subsidiary, FibroGen International (Cayman) Limited (“FibroGen International”), the direct parent company of FibroGen China, made an offer to FibroGen China stockholders to purchase their Series A Preference Shares in exchange for Series A Preference Shares in FibroGen International of an equivalent value (the “Exchange”). The Exchange concluded on September 8, 2017 with a unanimous acceptance of the offer by all stockholders of FibroGen China. The following table summarizes our directors, executive officers, or holders of more than 5% of any class of our voting stock who participated in the Exchange:

 

 

Investor Rights Agreements

We have entered into investor rights agreements with certain of our investors in connection with certain of our preferred stock financings. We have also entered into investor rights agreements with certain of our warrant holders. Certain investors and warrant holders are entitled to rights with respect to the registration of their shares.

Astellas Collaboration

Astellas Pharma Inc. is an equity investor in FibroGen, Inc. and considered a related party. During the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015, we recorded revenue related to collaboration agreements with Astellas of $16.9 million, $25.8 million, and $21.6 million, respectively. During the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015, we recorded expense related to collaboration agreements with Astellas of $1.0 million, $6.4 million, and $9.8 million, respectively.

Other Transactions

We have entered into offer letter agreements with our named executive officers. For more information regarding these agreements, see the information included under the caption “Executive Compensation—Offer Letter Agreements.”

We have granted stock options to our named executive officers and our directors. For a description of these options, see the information under the caption “Director Compensation” and “Executive Compensation”.

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation contains provisions limiting the liability of directors and our amended and restated bylaws provide that we will indemnify each of our directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted under Delaware law. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws also provide our board of directors with discretion to indemnify our employees and other agents when determined appropriate by our board of directors. In addition, we have entered into an indemnification agreement with each of our directors and executive officers.

 

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HOUSEHOLDING OF PROXY MATERIALS

The SEC has adopted rules that permit companies and intermediaries (e.g., brokers) to satisfy the delivery requirements for Annual Meeting materials with respect to two or more stockholders sharing the same address by delivering a single set of Annual Meeting materials addressed to those stockholders. This process, which is commonly referred to as “householding,” potentially means extra convenience for stockholders and cost savings for companies.

This year, a number of brokers with account holders who are Company stockholders will be “householding” the Company’s proxy materials. A single set of Annual Meeting materials will be delivered to multiple stockholders sharing an address unless contrary instructions have been received from the affected stockholders. Once you have received notice from your broker that they will be “householding” communications to your address, “householding” will continue until you are notified otherwise or until you revoke your consent. If, at any time, you no longer wish to participate in “householding” and would prefer to receive a separate set of Annual Meeting materials, please notify your broker or FibroGen. Direct your written request to: Investor Relations, FibroGen, Inc., 409 Illinois Street, San Francisco California, 94158 or contact Investor Relations at 415-978-1200. Stockholders who currently receive multiple copies of the Annual Meeting materials at their addresses and would like to request “householding” of their communications should contact their brokers. In addition, FibroGen will promptly deliver, upon written or oral request to the address or telephone number above, a separate copy of the Annual Report on Form 10-K and proxy statement to a stockholder at a shared address to which a single copy of the documents was delivered.

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OTHER MATTERS

The Board knows of no other matters that will be presented for consideration at the Annual Meeting. If any other matters are properly brought before the Annual Meeting, it is the intention of the persons named in the accompanying proxy to vote on such matters in accordance with their best judgment.

By Order of the Board of Directors

/s/ Michael Lowenstein

Michael Lowenstein

Chief Legal Officer

April 24, 2018

A copy of the Company’s Annual Report to the SEC on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 is available without charge upon written request to: Secretary, FibroGen, Inc., 409 Illinois Street, San Francisco California, 94158.

 

 

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FIBROGEN, INC. 409 ILLINOIS STREET SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94158 VOTE ONLINE - www.proxyvote.com Use the Internet to transmit your voting instructions and for electronic delivery of information up until 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time on June 4, 2018. Have your proxy card in hand when you access the website and then follow the instructions to cast your vote. VOTE BY PHONE - 1-800-690-6903 Use any touch-tone telephone to transmit your voting instructions up until 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time on June 4, 2018. Have your proxy card in hand when you call and then follow the instructions to cast your vote. VOTE BY MAIL Mark, sign, and date your proxy card and return it in the postage-paid envelope provided or return it to Vote Processing, c/o Broadridge, 51 Mercedes Way, Edgewood, NY 11717. We must receive it by June 4, 2018 for your vote to be counted. ELECTRONIC DELIVERY OF FUTURE PROXY MATERIALS If you would like to reduce the environmental impact of and the costs incurred by our company in mailing proxy materials, you can consent to receive all future proxy statements, proxy cards, and annual reports electronically via email or access them online. To sign up for electronic delivery, please follow the instructions above to vote online and, when prompted, indicate that you agree to receive or access proxy materials electronically in future years. TO VOTE, MARK BLOCKS BELOW IN BLUE OR BLACK INK AS FOLLOWS: KEEP THIS PORTION FOR YOUR RECORDS THIS PROXY CARD IS VALID ONLY WHEN SIGNED AND DATED. DETACH AND RETURN THIS PORTION ONLY E44349-P06842 FIBROGEN, INC. The Board of Directors recommends you vote FOR the following proposals: 1. Election of Class I Directors to hold office until the 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholders Nominees: For Withhold 1a. Thomas B. Neff 1b. Jeffrey W. Henderson 1c. James A. Schoeneck For Against Abstain 2. To approve, on an advisory basis, the compensation of FibroGen’s named executive officers, as disclosed in the proxy statement. 3. To ratify the selection of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP by the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors as the independent registered public accounting firm of FibroGen for the year ending December 31, 2018. 4. To conduct any other business properly brought before the meeting. The shares represented by this proxy, when properly executed, will be voted in the manner directed herein by the undersigned stockholder(s). If no direction is made, this proxy will be voted FOR items 1, 2, and 3. If any other matters properly come before the meeting, or if cumulative voting is required, the persons named in this proxy will vote in their discretion. For address changes and/or comments, please check this box and write them on the back where indicated. Please indicate if you plan to attend this meeting. Yes No Please sign your name exactly as it appears hereon. When signing as attorney, executor, administrator, trustee or guardian, please add your full title as such. When signing as joint owners, all owners must sign. If a signer is a corporation, please sign in full corporate name by a duly authorized officer.

 

 

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Important Notice Regarding the Availability of Proxy Materials for the Annual Meeting: The Notice and Proxy Statement and Annual Report on Form 10-K are available at www.proxyvote.com. E44350-P06842  fibrogen ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS JUNE 5, 2018, 8:00 AM THIS PROXY IS SOLICITED BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS The stockholder(s) hereby appoint(s) Thomas B. Neff and Michael Lowenstein, or either of them, as proxies, each with the power to appoint his substitute, and hereby authorize(s) each of them to represent and to vote, as designated on the reverse side of this ballot, all of the shares of Common Stock of FibroGen, Inc. that the stockholder(s) is/are entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held at 8:00 AM Pacific Time on June 5, 2018, at the Company's Offices located at 409 Illinois Street, San Francisco, CA 94158, and any adjournment or postponement thereof. THIS PROXY, WHEN PROPERLY EXECUTED, WILL BE VOTED IN THE MANNER AS DIRECTED BY THE STOCKHOLDER(S). IF NO SUCH DIRECTION IS MADE, THIS PROXY WILL BE VOTED FOR THE ELECTION OF THE NOMINEES LISTED ON THE REVERSE SIDE FOR THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND FOR PROPOSALS 2 AND 3. PLEASE MARK, SIGN, DATE, AND RETURN THIS PROXY CARD PROMPTLY USING THE ENCLOSED REPLY ENVELOPE. Address Changes/Comments: (If you noted any Address Changes/Comments above, please mark the corresponding box on the reverse side.) CONTINUED AND TO BE SIGNED ON REVERSE SIDE