j226141424b2.htm
The information in this preliminary pricing supplement is not complete and may be changed. This preliminary pricing supplement is not an offer to sell nor does it seek an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.
Registration Statement No. 333-173924
Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2)
Subject to Completion, dated March 3, 2014
Pricing Supplement to the Prospectus dated June 22, 2011,
the Prospectus Supplement dated June 22, 2011, and the Product Supplement dated June 23, 2011

US$●
Senior Medium-Term Notes, Series B
Bullish Enhanced Return Notes with Lookback Feature due March 31, 2017
Linked to the Russell 2000® Index
 
 
 
·
The notes are designed for investors who seek a 200% leveraged positive return based on the appreciation in the level of the Russell 2000® Index (the “Underlying Asset”).  Investors should be willing to accept a payment at maturity that is capped at the Maximum Redemption Amount (as defined below), be willing to forgo periodic interest, and be willing to lose 1% of their principal amount for each 1% that the level of the Underlying Asset decreases from its level on the pricing date.
 
 
·
The Initial Level of the Underlying Asset will be the lowest closing level of the Underlying Asset on each trading day during the Observation Period (as defined below). The actual Initial Level will not be determined until after the pricing date, and will be made available to investors in the notes after the expiration of the Observation Period.
 
 
·
Investors in the notes may lose up to 100% of their principal amount at maturity.
 
 
·
The maximum return at maturity will be equal to the product of the Upside Leverage Factor of 200% and the Cap of 17.50%. Accordingly, the Maximum Redemption Amount will be $1,350 for each $1,000 in principal amount (a 35% return).
 
 
·
Any payment at maturity is subject to the credit risk of Bank of Montreal.
 
 
·
The notes will be issued in minimum denominations of $1,000 and integral multiples of $1,000.
 
 
·
The offering is expected to price on March 26, 2014, and the notes are expected to settle through the facilities of The Depository Trust Company on or about March 31, 2014.
 
 
·
The notes are scheduled to mature on March 31, 2017.
 
 
·
The CUSIP number of the notes is 06366RTH8.
 
 
·
Our subsidiary, BMO Capital Markets Corp. (“BMOCM”), is the agent for this offering.  See “Supplemental Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest)” below.
 
Investing in the notes involves risks, including those described in the “Selected Risk Considerations” section beginning on page P-4 of this pricing supplement, “Additional Risk Factors Relating to the Notes” section beginning on page PS-5 of the product supplement, and “Risk Factors” section beginning on page S-3 of the prospectus supplement and on page 7 of the prospectus.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these notes or passed upon the accuracy of this pricing supplement, the product supplement, the prospectus supplement or the prospectus.  Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The notes will be our unsecured obligations and will not be savings accounts or deposits that are insured by the United States Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Bank Insurance Fund, the Canada Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other governmental agency or instrumentality or other entity.
On the date of this preliminary pricing supplement, the estimated initial value of the notes is $961.10 per $1,000 in principal amount, based on the terms set forth above. The estimated initial value of the notes on the pricing date may differ from this value but will not be less than $935.00 per $1,000 in principal amount.  However, as discussed in more detail in this pricing supplement, the actual value of the notes at any time will reflect many factors and cannot be predicted with accuracy.
 
 
Price to Public
Agent’s Commission(1)
Proceeds to Bank of Montreal
       
Per Note
US$1,000
US$ ●
US$ ●
       
Total
US$ ●
US$ ●
US$ ●
 
(1)  The actual agent’s commission will be set forth in the final pricing supplement.
 
 
 
BMO CAPITAL MARKETS
 
 
 
 
 
 
Key Terms of the Notes:
 
Underlying Asset: Russell 2000® Index (Bloomberg symbol: RTY).  See the section below entitled “The Underlying Asset” for additional information about the Underlying Asset.
   
Payment at Maturity:
(i) If the Percentage Change is greater than or equal to the Cap, the payment at maturity for each $1,000 in principal amount of the notes will equal the Maximum Redemption Amount.
 
(ii) If the Percentage Change is positive but is less than the Cap, then the amount that the investors will receive at maturity for each $1,000 in principal amount of the notes will equal:
 
Principal Amount + (Principal Amount x Percentage Change x Upside Leverage Factor)
 
(iii) If the Percentage Change is zero or negative, then the payment at maturity will equal:
 
Principal Amount + (Principal Amount × Percentage Change)
   
Upside Leverage Factor: 200%
   
Cap: 17.50%
   
Maximum Redemption
Amount:
 The payment at maturity will not exceed the Maximum Redemption Amount of $1,350 per $1,000 in principal amount of the notes (to be confirmed on the pricing date).
   
Initial Level: The lowest closing level of the Underlying Asset on each trading day during the Observation Period, except on any trading day on which a market disruption event occurs. The actual Initial Level will not be determined until after the pricing date and will be made available to investors in the notes after the expiration of the Observation Period.
   
Final Level: The closing level of the Underlying Asset on the valuation date.
   
Observation Period:
The period from and including the pricing date to and including April 25, 2014 (or if that day is not a trading day, the next trading day).
   
Percentage Change:
Final Level – Initial Level, expressed as a percentage.
Initial Level
   
Pricing Date: On or about March 26, 2014
   
Issue Date: On or about March 31, 2014, as determined on the pricing date.
   
Valuation Date: On or about March 28, 2017, as determined on the pricing date.
   
Maturity Date: On or about March 31, 2017, as determined on the pricing date.
   
Automatic Redemption: Not applicable
   
Calculation Agent: BMOCM
   
Selling Agent: BMOCM
   
   
The pricing date, issue date, valuation date and maturity date for the notes are subject to change, and will be set forth in the final pricing supplement.
 
 
We may use this pricing supplement in the initial sale of the notes. In addition, BMOCM or another of our affiliates may use this pricing supplement in market-making transactions in any notes after their initial sale. Unless our agent or we inform you otherwise in the confirmation of sale, this pricing supplement is being used in a market-making transaction.
         
 
 
P-2
 
 
Additional Terms of the Notes
 
You should read this pricing supplement together with the product supplement dated June 23, 2011, the prospectus supplement dated June 22, 2011 and the prospectus dated June 22, 2011.  This pricing supplement, together with the documents listed below, contains the terms of the notes and supersedes all other prior or contemporaneous oral statements as well as any other written materials including preliminary or indicative pricing terms, correspondence, trade ideas, structures for implementation, sample structures, fact sheets, brochures or other educational materials of ours or the agent. You should carefully consider, among other things, the matters set forth in “Additional Risk Factors Relating to the Notes” in the product supplement, as the notes involve risks not associated with conventional debt securities. We urge you to consult your investment, legal, tax, accounting and other advisers before you invest in the notes.
 
You may access these documents on the SEC website at www.sec.gov as follows (or if such address has changed, by reviewing our filings for the relevant date on the SEC website):
 
 
·
 
 
·
 
 
·
 
Our Central Index Key, or CIK, on the SEC website is 927971.  As used in this pricing supplement, the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our” refers to Bank of Montreal.
 
 
P-3
 
 
Selected Risk Considerations
 
An investment in the notes involves significant risks. Investing in the notes is not equivalent to investing directly in the Underlying Asset.  These risks are explained in more detail in the “Additional Risk Factors Relating to the Notes” section of the product supplement.
 
 
·
Your investment in the notes may result in a loss. — You may lose some or all of your investment in the notes. The payment at maturity will be based on the Final Level, and whether the Final Level of the Underlying Asset on the valuation date has declined from the Initial Level. You will lose 1.00% of the principal amount of your notes for each 1.00% that the Final Level decreases from the Initial Level. Accordingly, you could lose up to 100% of the principal amount of the notes.
 
 
·
Your return on the notes is limited to the Maximum Redemption Amount, regardless of any appreciation in the level of the Underlying Asset. — You will not receive a payment at maturity with a value greater than the Maximum Redemption Amount per $1,000 in principal amount of the notes. This will be the case even if the Percentage Change exceeds the Cap.
 
 
·
The Initial Level will be determined after the pricing date of the notes. The Initial Level of the Underlying Asset will be determined based on the lowest closing level of the Underlying Asset on each trading day during the Observation Period. The Observation Period will, as described above, end on a day that is approximately one month after the pricing date for the notes. As a result, the Initial Level will not be determined, and neither you nor we (nor BMOCM or any of our respective affiliates) can be certain of what the Initial Level will be, until after the expiration of the Observation Period.
 
 
·
Your investment is subject to the credit risk of Bank of Montreal. — Our credit ratings and credit spreads may adversely affect the market value of the notes. Investors are dependent on our ability to pay the amount due at maturity, and therefore investors are subject to our credit risk and to changes in the market’s view of our creditworthiness. Any decline in our credit ratings or increase in the credit spreads charged by the market for taking our credit risk is likely to adversely affect the value of the notes.
 
 
·
Potential conflicts. — We and our affiliates play a variety of roles in connection with the issuance of the notes, including acting as calculation agent. In performing these duties, the economic interests of the calculation agent and other affiliates of ours are potentially adverse to your interests as an investor in the notes. We or one or more of our affiliates may also engage in trading of securities included in the Underlying Asset on a regular basis as part of our general broker-dealer and other businesses, for proprietary accounts, for other accounts under management or to facilitate transactions for our customers. Any of these activities could adversely affect the level of the Underlying Asset, and therefore, the market value of the notes. We or one or more of our affiliates may also issue or underwrite other securities or financial or derivative instruments with returns linked or related to changes in the performance of the Underlying Asset. By introducing competing products into the marketplace in this manner, we or one or more of our affiliates could adversely affect the market value of the notes.
 
 
·
Our initial estimated value of the notes will be lower than the price to public. — Our initial estimated value of the notes is only an estimate, and is based on a number of factors.  The price to public of the notes will exceed our initial estimated value, because costs associated with offering, structuring and hedging the notes are included in the price to public, but are not included in the estimated value.  These costs include the agent’s commission and the profits that we and our affiliates expect to realize for assuming the risks in hedging our obligations under the notes and the estimated cost of hedging these obligations. The initial estimated value may be as low as the amount indicated on the cover page of this pricing supplement.
 
 
·
Our initial estimated value does not represent any future value of the notes, and may also differ from the estimated value of any other party. — Our initial estimated value of the notes as of the date of this preliminary pricing supplement is, and our estimated value as determined on the pricing date will be, derived using our internal pricing models.  This value is based on market conditions and other relevant factors, which include volatility of the Underlying Asset, dividend rates and interest rates. Different pricing models and assumptions could provide values for the notes that are greater than or less than our initial estimated value.  In addition, market conditions and other relevant factors after the pricing date are expected to change, possibly rapidly, and our assumptions may prove to be incorrect.  After the pricing date, the value of the notes could change dramatically due to changes in market conditions, our creditworthiness, and the other factors set forth in this pricing supplement and the product supplement.  These changes are likely to impact the price, if any, at which we or BMOCM would be willing to purchase the notes from you in any secondary market transactions.  Our initial estimated value does not represent a minimum price at which we or our affiliates would be willing to buy your notes in any secondary market at any time.
 
 
P-4
 
 
 
·
The terms of the notes are not determined by reference to the credit spreads for our conventional fixed-rate debt. — To determine the terms of the notes, we will use an internal funding rate that represents a discount from the credit spreads for our conventional fixed-rate debt.  As a result, the terms of the notes are less favorable to you than if we had used a higher funding rate.
 
 
·
Certain costs are likely to adversely affect the value of the notes. — Absent any changes in market conditions, any secondary market prices of the notes will likely be lower than the price to public.  This is because any secondary market prices will likely take into account our then-current market credit spreads, and because any secondary market prices are likely to exclude all or a portion of the agent’s commission and the hedging profits and estimated hedging costs that are included in the price to public of the notes and that may be reflected on your account statements.  In addition, any such price is also likely to reflect a discount to account for costs associated with establishing or unwinding any related hedge transaction, such as dealer discounts, mark-ups and other transaction costs.  As a result, the price, if any, at which BMOCM or any other party may be willing to purchase the notes from you in secondary market transactions, if at all, will likely be lower than the price to public.  Any sale that you make prior to the maturity date could result in a substantial loss to you.
 
 
·
You will not have any shareholder rights and will have no right to receive any shares of any company included in the Underlying Asset at maturity. — Investing in your notes will not make you a holder of any shares of any company included in the Underlying Asset.  Neither you nor any other holder or owner of the notes will have any voting rights, any right to receive dividends or other distributions, or any other rights with respect to those securities.
 
 
·
Changes that affect the Underlying Asset will affect the market value of the notes and the amount you will receive at maturity. — The policies of Russell Investments (“Russell”), the sponsor of the Underlying Asset, concerning the calculation of the Underlying Asset, additions, deletions or substitutions of the components of the Underlying Asset and the manner in which changes affecting those components, such as stock dividends, reorganizations or mergers, may be reflected in the Underlying Asset and, therefore, could affect the level of the Underlying Asset, the amount payable on the notes at maturity and the market value of the notes prior to maturity.  The amount payable on the notes and their market value could also be affected if Russell changes these policies, for example, by changing the manner in which it calculates the Underlying Asset, or if Russell discontinues or suspends the calculation or publication of the Underlying Asset.
 
 
·
We have no affiliation with Russell and will not be responsible for any actions taken by Russell. — Russell is not an affiliate of ours and will not be involved in the offering of the notes in any way. Consequently, we have no control over the actions of Russell, including any actions of the type that would require the calculation agent to adjust the payment to you at maturity.  Russell has no obligation of any sort with respect to the notes. Thus, Russell has no obligation to take your interests into consideration for any reason, including in taking any actions that might affect the value of the notes.  None of our proceeds from the issuance of the notes will be delivered to Russell.
 
 
·
Lack of liquidity. — The notes will not be listed on any securities exchange.  BMOCM may offer to purchase the notes in the secondary market, but is not required to do so. Even if there is a secondary market, it may not provide enough liquidity to allow you to trade or sell the notes easily. Because other dealers are not likely to make a secondary market for the notes, the price at which you may be able to trade your notes is likely to depend on the price, if any, at which BMOCM is willing to buy the notes.
 
 
·
Hedging and trading activities.  — We or any of our affiliates may carry out hedging activities related to the notes, including purchasing or selling securities included in the Underlying Asset, or futures or options relating to the Underlying Asset, or other derivative instruments with returns linked or related to changes in the performance of the Underlying Asset.  We or our affiliates may also engage in trading relating to the Underlying Asset from time to time. Any of these hedging or trading activities on or prior to the pricing date and during the term of the notes could adversely affect our payment to you at maturity.
 
 
·
Many economic and market factors will influence the value of the notes. — In addition to the level of the Underlying Asset and interest rates on any trading day, the value of the notes will be affected by a number of economic and market factors that may either offset or magnify each other, and which are described in more detail in the product supplement.
 
 
P-5
 
 
 
·
You must rely on your own evaluation of the merits of an investment linked to the Underlying Asset.  — In the ordinary course of their businesses, our affiliates from time to time may express views on expected movements in the level of the Underlying Asset or the prices of the securities included in the Underlying Asset.  One or more of our affiliates have published, and in the future may publish, research reports that express views on the Underlying Asset or those securities.  However, these views are subject to change from time to time.  Moreover, other professionals who deal in the markets relating to the Underlying Asset at any time may have significantly different views from those of our affiliates.  You are encouraged to derive information concerning the Underlying Asset from multiple sources, and you should not rely on the views expressed by our affiliates.
 
 
 
Neither the offering of the notes nor any views which our affiliates from time to time may express in the ordinary course of their businesses constitutes a recommendation as to the merits of an investment in the notes.
 
 
·
Significant aspects of the tax treatment of the notes are uncertain. — The tax treatment of the notes is uncertain.  We do not plan to request a ruling from the Internal Revenue Service or from any Canadian authorities regarding the tax treatment of the notes, and the Internal Revenue Service or a court may not agree with the tax treatment described in this pricing supplement.
 
 
The Internal Revenue Service has issued a notice indicating that it and the Treasury Department are actively considering whether, among other issues, a holder should be required to accrue interest over the term of an instrument such as the notes even though that holder will not receive any payments with respect to the notes until maturity and whether all or part of the gain a holder may recognize upon sale or maturity of an instrument such as the notes could be treated as ordinary income.  The outcome of this process is uncertain and could apply on a retroactive basis.
 
Please read carefully the section entitled “U.S. Federal Tax Information” in this pricing supplement, the section entitled “Supplemental Tax Considerations—Supplemental U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations” in the accompanying product supplement, the section “United States Federal Income Taxation” in the accompanying prospectus and the section entitled “Certain Income Tax Consequences” in the accompanying prospectus supplement.  You should consult your tax advisor about your own tax situation.
 
Additional Risks Relating to the Russell 2000® Index
 
An investment in the Underlying Asset is subject to risks associated in investing in stocks with a small market capitalization. — The Russell 2000® Index consists of stocks issued by companies with relatively small market capitalizations.  These companies often have greater stock price volatility, lower trading volume and less liquidity than large-capitalization companies.  As a result, the level of this index may be more volatile than that of a market measure that does not track solely small-capitalization stocks.  Stock prices of small-capitalization companies are also generally more vulnerable than those of large-capitalization companies to adverse business and economic developments, and the stocks of small-capitalization companies may be thinly traded, and be less attractive to many investors if they do not pay dividends.  In addition, small capitalization companies are typically less well-established and less stable financially than large-capitalization companies and may depend on a small number of key personnel, making them more vulnerable to loss of those individuals.  Small capitalization companies tend to have lower revenues, less diverse product lines, smaller shares of their target markets, fewer financial resources and fewer competitive strengths than large-capitalization companies.  These companies may also be more susceptible to adverse developments related to their products or services.
 
 
P-6
 
 
Hypothetical Return on the Notes at Maturity
 
The following table and examples illustrate the hypothetical return at maturity on a $1,000 investment in the notes. The “return,” as used in this section is the number, expressed as a percentage, which results from comparing the payment at maturity per $1,000 in principal amount of the notes to $1,000. The hypothetical total returns set forth below are based on a hypothetical Initial Level of 1,000.00, an Upside Leverage Factor of 200%, a Cap of 17.50% (a percentage change in the Underlying Asset of 17.50% results in a maximum return on the notes of 35%), and a Maximum Redemption Amount of $1,350. The hypothetical returns set forth below are for illustrative purposes only and may not be the actual returns applicable to investors in the notes. The numbers appearing in the following table and in the examples below have been rounded for ease of analysis.
 
Hypothetical Final Level
Percentage Change
Return on the Notes
0.00
-100.00%
-100.00%
500.00
-50.00%
-50.00%
700.00
-30.00%
-30.00%
800.00
-20.00%
-20.00%
850.00
-15.00%
-15.00%
950.00
-5.00%
-5.00%
1,000.00
0.00%
0.00%
1,050.00
5.00%
10.00%
1,100.00
10.00%
20.00%
1,150.00
15.00%
30.00%
1,200.00
20.00%
35.00%
1,250.00
25.00%
35.00%
1,300.00
30.00%
35.00%
1,500.00
50.00%
35.00%
2,000.00
100.00%
35.00%
 
Hypothetical Examples of Amounts Payable at Maturity
 
The following examples illustrate how the returns set forth in the table above are calculated.
 
Example 1: The level of the Underlying Asset decreases from the hypothetical Initial Level of 1,000.00 to a hypothetical Final Level of 950.00, representing a Percentage Change of -5%.  Because the Percentage Change is negative and the hypothetical Final Level of 950.00 is less than the Initial Level, the investor receives a payment at maturity of $950 per $1,000 in principal amount of the notes, calculated as follows:
 
$1,000 + [$1,000 x -5%] = $950
 
Example 2: The level of the Underlying Asset increases from the hypothetical Initial Level of 1,000.00 to a hypothetical Final Level of 1,050.00, representing a Percentage Change of 5%.  Because the hypothetical Final Level of 1,050.00 is greater than the Initial Level and the Percentage Change of 5% does not exceed the Cap, the investor receives a payment at maturity of $1,100.00 per $1,000 in principal amount of the notes, calculated as follows:
 
$1,000 + [$1,000 x (5% x 200%)] = $1,100
 
Example 3: The level of the Underlying Asset increases from the hypothetical Initial Level of 1,000.00 to a hypothetical Final Level of 1,200.00, representing a Percentage Change of 20%.  Because the hypothetical Final Level of 1,200.00 is greater than the Initial Level and the Percentage Change of 20% exceeds the Cap, the investor receives a payment at maturity of $1,350 per $1,000 in principal amount of the notes, the Maximum Redemption Amount.
 
 
P-7
 
 
U.S. Federal Tax Information
 
By purchasing the notes, each holder agrees (in the absence of a change in law, an administrative determination or a judicial ruling to the contrary) to treat each note as a pre-paid cash-settled derivative contract for U.S. federal income tax purposes.  However, the U.S. federal income tax consequences of your investment in the notes are uncertain and the Internal Revenue Service could assert that the notes should be taxed in a manner that is different from that described in the preceding sentence.  Please see the discussion (including the opinion of our counsel Morrison & Foerster LLP) in the product supplement under “Supplemental Tax Considerations—Supplemental U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations,” which applies to the notes.
 
A “dividend equivalent” payment is treated as a dividend from sources within the U.S. and such payments generally would be subject to a 30% U.S. withholding tax if paid to a non-United States holder (as defined in the product supplement).  Under recently proposed U.S. Treasury Department regulations, payments (including deemed payments) that are contingent upon or determined by reference to actual or estimated U.S. source dividends with respect to certain equity-linked instruments, whether explicitly stated or implicitly taken into account in computing one or more of the terms of such instruments, may be treated as dividend equivalents.  If enacted in their current form, the regulations will impose a withholding tax on payments made on the notes on or after January 1, 2016 that are treated as dividend equivalents.  In that case, we (or the applicable paying agent) would be entitled to withhold taxes without being required to pay any additional amounts with respect to amounts so withheld.
 
The Treasury Department has issued final regulations and a notice affecting the legislation enacted on March 18, 2010 and discussed in the product supplement under “Supplemental Tax Considerations—Supplemental U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations—Legislation Affecting Taxation of Notes Held By or Through Foreign Entities.”  Pursuant to the notice, withholding requirements with respect to the notes will generally begin no earlier than July 1, 2014. Additionally, the withholding tax will not be imposed on payments pursuant to obligations outstanding on July 1, 2014.  Account holders subject to information reporting requirements pursuant to the legislation may include holders of the notes. Foreign financial institutions and non-financial foreign entities located in jurisdictions that have an intergovernmental agreement with the United States governing the legislation may be subject to different rules.  Holders are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding the implications of this legislation and subsequent guidance on their investment in the notes.
 
 
P-8
 
 
Supplemental Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest)
 
BMOCM will purchase the notes from us at a purchase price reflecting the commission set forth on the cover page of this pricing supplement.  BMOCM has informed us that, as part of its distribution of the notes, it will reoffer the notes to other dealers who will sell them.  Each such dealer, and each additional dealer further engaged by a dealer to whom BMOCM reoffers the notes, will purchase the notes at an agreed discount to the initial price to public.
 
We own, directly or indirectly, all of the outstanding equity securities of BMOCM, the agent for this offering. In accordance with FINRA Rule 5121, BMOCM may not make sales in this offering to any of its discretionary accounts without the prior written approval of the customer.
 
We reserve the right to withdraw, cancel or modify the offering of the notes and to reject orders in whole or in part.  You may cancel any order for the notes prior to its acceptance.
 
You should not construe the offering of the notes as a recommendation of the merits of acquiring an investment linked to the Underlying Asset or as to the suitability of an investment in the notes.
 
BMOCM may, but is not obligated to, make a market in the notes.  BMOCM will determine any secondary market prices that it is prepared to offer in its sole discretion.
 
We may use this pricing supplement in the initial sale of the notes.  In addition, BMOCM or another of our affiliates may use this pricing supplement in market-making transactions in any notes after their initial sale.  Unless BMOCM or we inform you otherwise in the confirmation of sale, this pricing supplement is being used by BMOCM in a market-making transaction.
 
For a period of approximately three months following issuance of the notes, the price, if any, at which we or our affiliates would be willing to buy the notes from investors, and the value that BMOCM may also publish for the notes through one or more financial information vendors and which could be indicated for the notes on any brokerage account statements, will reflect a temporary upward adjustment from our estimated value of the notes that would otherwise be determined and applicable at that time. This temporary upward adjustment represents a portion of (a) the hedging profit that we or our affiliates expect to realize over the term of the notes and (b) the selling concessions paid in connection with this offering.  The amount of this temporary upward adjustment will decline to zero on a straight-line basis over the three-month period.
 
Additional Information Relating to the Estimated Initial Value of the Notes
 
Our estimated initial value of the notes on the date of this preliminary pricing supplement, and that will be set forth on the cover page of the final pricing supplement relating to the notes, equals the sum of the values of the following hypothetical components:
 
 
·
a fixed-income debt component with the same tenor as the notes, valued using our internal funding rate for structured notes; and
 
 
·
one or more derivative transactions relating to the economic terms of the notes.
 
The internal funding rate used in the determination of the initial estimated value generally represents a discount from the credit spreads for our conventional fixed-rate debt.  The value of these derivative transactions are derived from our internal pricing models.  These models are based on factors such as the traded market prices of comparable derivative instruments and on other inputs, which include volatility, dividend rates, interest rates and other factors.  As a result, the estimated initial value of the notes on the pricing date will be determined based on market conditions at that time.
 
 
P-9
 
 
The Underlying Asset
 
All disclosures contained in this pricing supplement regarding the Underlying Asset, including, without limitation, its make-up, method of calculation, and changes in its components, have been derived from publicly available sources. The information reflects the policies of, and is subject to change by, Russell. Russell, who owns the copyright and all other rights to the Underlying Asset, has no obligation to continue to publish, and may discontinue publication of, the Underlying Asset. The consequences of Russell discontinuing publication of the Underlying Asset are discussed in the section of the product prospectus supplement entitled “General Terms of the Notes—Unavailability of the Level of the Underlying Asset on a Valuation Date.” Neither we nor BMOCM accepts any responsibility for the calculation, maintenance or publication of the Underlying Asset or any successor index.
 
Russell began dissemination of the Underlying Asset on January 1, 1984 and calculates and publishes the Underlying Asset.  The Underlying Asset was set to 135 as of the close of business on December 31, 1986. The Underlying Asset is designed to track the performance of the small capitalization segment of the U.S. equity market.  As a subset of the Russell 3000® Index, the Underlying Asset consists of the smallest 2,000 companies included in the Russell 3000® Index. The Russell 3000® Index measures the performance of the largest 3,000 U.S. companies, representing approximately 98% of the investable U.S. equity market. The Underlying Asset is determined, comprised, and calculated by Russell without regard to the notes.
 
Selection of Stocks Comprising the Underlying Asset
 
All companies eligible for inclusion in the Underlying Asset must be classified as a U.S. company under Russell’s country-assignment methodology. If a company is incorporated, has a stated headquarters location, and trades in the same country (American Depositary Receipts and American Depositary Shares are not eligible), then the company is assigned to its country of incorporation. If any of the three factors are not the same, Russell defines three Home Country Indicators (“HCIs”): country of incorporation, country of headquarters, and country of the most liquid exchange (as defined by a two-year average daily dollar trading volume) (“ADDTV”). Using the HCIs, Russell compares the primary location of the company’s assets with the three HCIs. If the primary location of its assets matches any of the HCIs, then the company is assigned to the primary location of its assets. If there is insufficient information to determine the country in which the company’s assets are primarily located, Russell will use the primary country from which the company’s revenues are primarily derived for the comparison with the three HCIs in a similar manner. Russell uses the average of two years of assets or revenues data to reduce potential turnover. If conclusive country details cannot be derived from assets or revenues data, Russell will assign the company to the country of its headquarters, which is defined as the address of the company’s principal executive offices, unless that country is a Benefit Driven Incorporation “BDI” country, in which case the company will be assigned to the country of its most liquid stock exchange.  BDI countries include: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bermuda, Bonaire, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Channel Islands, Cook Islands, Curacao, Faroe Islands, Gibraltar, Isle of Man, Liberia, Marshall Islands, Panama, Saba, Sint Eustatius, Sint Maarten, and Turks and Caicos Islands. For any companies incorporated or headquartered in a U.S. territory, including countries such as Puerto Rico, Guam, and U.S. Virgin Islands, a U.S. HCI is assigned.
 
All securities eligible for inclusion in the Underlying Asset must trade on a major U.S. exchange. Bulletin board, pink-sheets, and over-the-counter (“OTC”) traded securities are not eligible for inclusion. Stocks must trade at or above $1.00 on their primary exchange on the last trading day in May to be eligible for inclusion during annual reconstitution. However, in order to reduce unnecessary turnover, if an existing member’s closing price is less than $1.00 on the last day of May, it will be considered eligible if the average of the daily closing prices (from its primary exchange) during the month of May is equal to or greater than $1.00. Initial public offerings must have a closing price at or above $1.00 on the last day of their eligibility period in order to qualify for index inclusion. If a stock, new or existing, does not have a closing price at or above $1.00 (on its primary exchange) on the last trading day in May, but does have a closing price at or above $1.00 on another major U.S. exchange, that stock will be eligible for inclusion. Companies with a total market capitalization of less than $30 million are not eligible for the Underlying Asset. Similarly, companies with only 5% or less of their shares available in the marketplace are not eligible for the Underlying Asset.
 
Royalty trusts, limited liability companies, closed-end investment companies (business development companies are eligible), blank check companies, special-purpose acquisition companies, and limited partnerships are ineligible for inclusion. Preferred and convertible preferred stock, redeemable shares, participating preferred stock, warrants, rights, and trust receipts are not eligible for inclusion in the Underlying Asset.
 
 
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Annual reconstitution is a process by which the Underlying Asset is completely rebuilt. On the last trading day of May, all eligible securities are ranked by their total market capitalization. The largest 4,000 become the Russell 3000E Index, and the other Russell indexes are determined from that set of securities. Reconstitution of the Underlying Asset occurs on the last Friday in June or, when the last Friday in June is the 29th or 30th, reconstitution occurs on the prior Friday. In addition, Russell adds initial public offerings to the Underlying Asset on a quarterly basis based on market capitalization guidelines established during the most recent reconstitution.
 
After membership is determined, a security’s shares are adjusted to include only those shares available to the public. This is often referred to as “free float.” The purpose of the adjustment is to exclude from market calculations the capitalization that is not available for purchase and is not part of the investable opportunity set.
 
License Information
 
“Russell 2000®” and “Russell 3000®” are trademarks of Russell and have been licensed for use by us.
 
The notes are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Russell. Russell makes no representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners of the notes or any member of the public regarding the advisability of investing in securities generally or in the Notes particularly or the ability of the Russell 2000® Index to track general stock market performance or a segment of the same. Russell's publication of the Russell 2000® Index in no way suggests or implies an opinion by Russell as to the advisability of investment in any or all of the securities upon which the Russell 2000® Index is based. Russell's only relationship to the Issuer is the licensing of certain trademarks and trade names of Russell and of the Russell 2000® Index which is determined, composed and calculated by Russell without regard to the Issuer or the notes. Russell is not responsible for and has not reviewed the notes nor any associated literature or publications and Russell makes no representation or warranty express or implied as to their accuracy or completeness, or otherwise. Russell reserves the right, at any time and without notice, to alter, amend, terminate or in any way change the Russell 2000® Index. Russell has no obligation or liability in connection with the administration, marketing or trading of the notes.
 
 
RUSSELL DOES NOT GUARANTEE THE ACCURACY AND/OR THE COMPLETENESS OF THE RUSSELL 2000® INDEX OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN AND RUSSELL SHALL HAVE NO LIABILITY FOR ANY ERRORS, OMISSIONS, OR INTERRUPTIONS THEREIN. RUSSELL MAKES NO WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AS TO RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED BY THE ISSUER, INVESTORS, OWNERS OF THE NOTES, OR ANY OTHER PERSON .OR ENTITY FROM THE USE OF THE RUSSELL 2000® INDEX OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. RUSSELL MAKES NO EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE WITH RESPECT TO THE RUSSELL 2000® INDEX OR ANY OAT A INCLUDED HEREIN WITHOUT LIMITING ANY OF THE FOREGQING, IN NO EVENT SHALL RUSSELL HAVE ANY LIABILITY FOR ANY SPECIAL, PUNITIVE, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING LOST PROFITS), EVEN IF NOTIFIED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
 
 
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Historical Information of the Underlying Asset
 
The following table sets forth the quarter end high and low closing levels of the Underlying Asset from the first quarter of 2010 through February 28, 2014.
 
The historical levels of the Underlying Asset are provided for informational purposes only. You should not take the historical levels of the Underlying Asset as an indication of its future performance, which may be better or worse than the levels set forth below.
 
Closing Levels of the Underlying Asset
 
     
High
  
Low
  
 
2010
First Quarter
690.30
  
586.49
  
   
Second Quarter
741.92
  
609.49
  
   
Third Quarter
677.64
  
590.03
  
   
Fourth Quarter
792.35
  
669.45
  
             
 
2011
First Quarter
843.55
  
773.18
  
   
Second Quarter
865.29
  
777.20
  
   
Third Quarter
858.11
  
643.42
  
   
Fourth Quarter
765.43
  
609.49
  
             
 
2012
First Quarter
846.13
  
747.28
  
   
Second Quarter
840.63
  
737.24
  
   
Third Quarter
864.70
  
767.75
  
   
Fourth Quarter
852.49
  
769.48
  
             
 
2013
First Quarter
953.07
  
872.60
  
   
Second Quarter
999.99
  
901.51
  
   
Third Quarter
1,078.41
  
989.47
  
   
Fourth Quarter
1,163.64
  
1,043.46
  
             
 
2014
First Quarter (through February 28, 2014)
1,187.94
  
1,093.59
  


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