sv1
As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
November 20, 2007
Registration
No. 333-
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND
EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C.
20549
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
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FORM S-1
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FORM S-3
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WHITING USA TRUST I
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WHITING PETROLEUM CORPORATION
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(Exact name of registrant as
specified in its charter)
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(Exact name of registrant as
specified in its charter)
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Delaware
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Delaware
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(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
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(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
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1311
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1311
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(Primary Standard Industrial
Classification Code No.)
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(Primary Standard Industrial
Classification Code No.)
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26-6053936
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20-0098515
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(I.R.S. Employer Identification
No.)
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(I.R.S. Employer Identification
No.)
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919 Congress Avenue, Suite 500
Austin, Texas 78701
(512)
236-6599
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1700 Broadway, Suite 2300
Denver, Colorado 80290-2300
(303) 837-1661
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(Address, including zip code,
and telephone number,
including area code, of registrants principal executive
offices)
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(Address, including zip code,
and telephone number,
including area code, of registrants principal executive
offices)
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Michael J. Ulrich
The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A., Trustee
919 Congress Avenue, Suite 500
Austin, Texas 78701
(512)
236-6599
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James J. Volker
Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer
1700 Broadway, Suite 2300
Denver, Colorado 80290-2300
(303) 837-1661
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(Name, address, including zip
code, and telephone number,
including area code, of agent for service)
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(Name, address, including zip
code, and telephone number,
including area code, of agent for service)
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with copies to:
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David P. Oelman, Esq.
David H. Stone, Esq.
Vinson & Elkins L.L.P.
1001 Fannin Street, Suite 2300
Houston, Texas
77002-6760
(713) 758-2222
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Benjamin F. Garmer, III, Esq.
John K. Wilson, Esq.
Foley & Lardner LLP
777 East Wisconsin Avenue
Milwaukee, Wisconsin
53202-5306
(414) 271-2400
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Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the
public: As soon as practicable after this
Registration Statement becomes effective.
If the only securities being registered on this Form are being
offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans,
please check the following
box. o
If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be
offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to
Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, other than
securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest
reinvestment plans, check the following
box. o
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an
offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act,
please check the following box and list the Securities Act
registration statement number of the earlier effective
registration statement for the same
offering. o
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to
Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following
box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of
the earlier effective registration statement for the same
offering. o
If this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General
Instruction I.D. or a post-effective amendment thereto that
shall become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant
to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the
following
box. o
If this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration
statement filed pursuant to General Instruction I.D. filed
to register additional securities or additional classes of
securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities
Act, check the following
box. o
If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to
Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following
box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of
the earlier effective registration statement for the same
offering. o
CALCULATION
OF REGISTRATION FEE
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Title of Each Class of
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Proposed Maximum
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Amount of
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Securities to be Registered
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Aggregate Offering Price(1)(2)
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Registration Fee(3)
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Units of Beneficial Interest in Whiting USA Trust I
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$195,000,000
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$5,986.50
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(1)
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Includes trust units to be sold
upon exercise of the underwriters over-allotment option.
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(2)
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Estimated solely for the purpose of
calculating the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(o).
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(3)
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Pursuant to Rule 457(p), the
$5,986.50 filing fee is offset by $372.12 of the registration
fee that was paid on June 28, 2007 pursuant to
Rule 456(b), but unused, in connection with Whiting
Petroleum Corporations Registration Statement
No. 333-133889,
which was filed on May 8, 2006, and $5,614.38 of the
registration fee that was paid, but unused in connection with
Whiting Petroleum Corporations Registration Statement
No. 333-128398,
which was filed on September 19, 2005.
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The co-registrants hereby amend this registration statement
on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective
date until the co-registrants shall file a further amendment
which specifically states that this registration statement shall
thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a)
of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the registration
statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities
and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said
Section 8(a), may determine.
The information in
this preliminary prospectus is not complete and may be changed.
We may not sell these securities until the registration
statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is
effective. This preliminary prospectus is not an offer to sell
these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these
securities in any state where the offer or sale is not
permitted.
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Subject to Completion dated
November 20, 2007
PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS
Whiting
USA Trust I
Trust Units
This is an initial public offering of units of beneficial
interest in the Whiting USA Trust I. Whiting Petroleum
Corporation, which we refer to as Whiting in this
prospectus, has formed the trust and, immediately prior to the
closing of this offering, Whiting will contribute a term net
profits interest in oil and natural gas properties to the trust
in exchange for trust units. The
net profits interest will entitle the trust to receive 90% of
the net proceeds from the sale of production of 9.04 MMBOE
(which is equivalent to 8.14 MMBOE attributable to the net
profits interest) of proved reserves, after which the trust will
terminate. Whiting is offering all of the trust units to be sold
in this offering and will receive all proceeds from the
offering. Whiting is an independent oil and gas company engaged
in acquisition, development, exploitation, production and
exploration activities. Whitings common stock is traded on
the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol WLL.
There is no current public market for the trust units.
Whiting expects that the public offering price will be between
$ and
$ . The trust intends to apply to
have the trust units approved for listing on the New York Stock
Exchange under the symbol WHX.
Trust units are units of beneficial interest in the trust and
represent undivided interests in the trust. They do not
represent any interest in Whiting.
Investing in the trust units involves a high degree of risk.
Before buying any trust units, you should read the discussion of
material risks of investing in the trust units in Risk
Factors beginning on page 18 of this prospectus.
These risks include the following:
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The amounts of cash distributions by the trust are subject to
fluctuation as a result of changes in oil, natural gas and
natural gas liquid prices.
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Actual reserves and future production may be less than
current estimates, which could reduce cash distributions by the
trust and the value of the trust units.
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Risks associated with the production, gathering,
transportation and sale of oil, natural gas and natural gas
liquids could adversely affect cash distributions by the
trust.
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The trust and the trust unitholders will have no voting or
managerial rights with respect to the underlying properties. As
a result, trust unitholders will have no ability to influence
the operation of the underlying properties.
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The reserves attributable to the underlying properties are
depleting assets and production from those reserves will
diminish over time. The trust is precluded from acquiring other
oil and natural gas properties or net profits interests to
replace the depleting assets and production.
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The amount of cash available for distribution by the trust
will be reduced by the amount of any royalties, lease operating
expenses, production and property taxes, maintenance expenses,
postproduction costs and producing overhead, and payments made
with respect to hedge contracts.
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There has been no public market for the trust units and no
independent appraisal of the value of the net profits interest
has been performed.
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Conflicts of interest could arise between Whiting and the
trust unitholders.
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Trust unitholders have limited ability to enforce provisions
of the net profits interest.
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The trust has not obtained a ruling from the IRS regarding
the tax treatment of ownership of the trust units. If the IRS
were to determine that the trust is not a grantor
trust for federal income tax purposes, the trust
unitholders may receive different and less advantageous tax
treatment than that described in this prospectus.
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Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state
securities commission has approved or disapproved of these
securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this
prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal
offense.
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Per Trust Unit
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Total
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Initial public offering price
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$
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$
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Underwriting discounts and commissions(1)
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$
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$
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Proceeds, before expenses, to Whiting(1)
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$
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$
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(1)
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Excludes a structuring fee of
$ payable to Raymond
James & Associates, Inc. for evaluation, analysis and
structuring of the trust.
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The underwriters may also exercise their option to purchase
from Whiting up to additional
trust units to cover over-allotments, if any, at the initial
public offering price, less the underwriting discounts and
commissions, within 30 days of the date of this
prospectus.
The underwriters are offering the trust units as set forth
under Underwriting. Delivery of the trust units will
be made on or
about ,
2008.
RAYMOND
JAMES
The date of this prospectus
is ,
2008
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
You should rely only on the information contained in this
prospectus. The trust has not, Whiting has not and the
underwriters have not, authorized any other person to provide
you with different information. If anyone provides you with
different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on
it. The trust has not, Whiting has not, and the underwriters are
not, making an offer to sell these securities in any
jurisdiction where an offer or sale is not permitted. You should
assume that the information appearing in this prospectus is
accurate as of the date on the front cover of this prospectus
only.
This summary highlights information contained elsewhere in
this prospectus. To understand this offering fully, you should
read the entire prospectus carefully, including the risk factors
and the financial statements and notes to those statements. You
will find definitions for terms relating to the oil and natural
gas business in Glossary of Certain Oil and Natural Gas
Terms. Cawley, Gillespie & Associates, Inc., an
independent engineering firm, provided the estimates of proved
oil and natural gas reserves for the underlying properties
described in this prospectus, in a reserve report as of
September 30, 2007, which is referred to in this prospectus
as the reserve report. A summary of the reserve
report is located at the back of this prospectus as
Appendix A. References to Whiting in this
prospectus include Whiting Petroleum Corporation and its
wholly-owned subsidiaries, Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation and
Equity Oil Company. Unless otherwise indicated, all information
in this prospectus assumes no exercise of the underwriters
option to purchase additional trust units.
Whiting USA Trust I was formed in October 2007, by Whiting
Petroleum Corporation. Immediately prior to the closing of this
offering, Whiting Petroleum Corporations wholly-owned
subsidiaries, Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation and Equity Oil
Company, will convey a term net profits interest to the trust
that represents the right to receive 90% of the net proceeds
(calculated as described below) from Whitings interests in
certain existing oil and natural gas producing properties after
the effective date of the conveyance of the net profits interest
to the trust, which we refer to as the net profits
interest. The net profits interest will entitle the trust
to receive 90% of the net proceeds from the sale of production
of 9.04 MMBOE (which is equivalent to 8.14 MMBOE
attributable to the net profits interest) of proved reserves,
after which the trust will terminate. These producing properties
are located primarily in the Rocky Mountains, Mid-Continent,
Permian Basin and Gulf Coast regions of the United States. We
refer to Whitings net interests in such producing
properties, after deduction of all royalties and other burdens
on production thereon existing as of the date of the conveyance
of the net profits interest to the trust, as the
underlying properties.
The underlying properties include interests in approximately
3,000 producing wells located in 173 fields in 14 states.
As of September 30, 2007, the total proved reserves
attributable to the underlying properties, as estimated in the
reserve report, were 13.18 MMBOE with a pre-tax PV10% value
of $243.5 million. All of these reserves were classified as
proved developed producing reserves. For the month of September
2007, the average daily net production from these properties was
approximately 4,508 BOE/d or 4,057 BOE/d attributable to the net
profits interest and were approximately 55% oil and natural gas
liquids and 45% natural gas. Based on the pre-tax PV10% value in
the reserve report, Whiting operates approximately 60.6% of
these properties. The underlying properties are located in
mature fields and have established production profiles.
The net profits interest will terminate at the time when 9.04
MMBOE have been produced from the underlying properties and
sold, which is the equivalent of 8.14 MMBOE in respect of
the trusts right to receive 90% of the net proceeds from
such production pursuant to the net profits interest. The 9.04
MMBOE represents the proved reserves attributable to the
underlying properties that the reserve report projects to be
produced by December 31, 2017. However, the exact rate of
production cannot be predicted with certainty and such amount
may be produced before or after that date. Although it is not
required to do so, Whiting plans to make capital expenditures at
its sole expense for recompletions and development it deems
attractive to increase production on the underlying properties
without regard to the burden of the net profits interest on the
underlying properties. These capital expenditures could
potentially accelerate the production and sale of 9.04 MMBOE
from the underlying properties.
The gross proceeds from the underlying properties used to
calculate the net profits interest will be based on prices
realized for oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids
attributable to the underlying properties for each calendar
quarter during the term of the net profits interest and
calculated on an aggregate basis for all these properties. In
calculating the net proceeds used to calculate the net profits
interest, Whiting will deduct from the gross proceeds from oil
and natural gas sales all royalties, lease operating expenses
(including costs of workovers), production and property taxes,
hedge payments made by Whiting to hedge contract counterparties,
maintenance expenses, postproduction costs (including plugging
and abandonment liabilities) and producing overhead, all
calculated on an aggregate basis for all of these properties.
These expenses and costs will be
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reduced by hedge payments received by Whiting under the hedge
contracts and other non-production revenue. However, if the
hedge payments received by Whiting under the hedge contracts and
other non-production revenue exceed the operating expenses
during a quarterly period, the ability to use such excess
amounts to offset operating expenses will be deferred, with
interest accruing on such amounts at the prevailing money market
rate, until the next quarterly period when the hedge payments
and the other non-production revenue are less than such
expenses. Capital expenditures for recompletions and development
drilling will not be deducted from gross proceeds. For a more
complete description of the calculation of net proceeds, see
Computation of Net Proceeds.
Net proceeds payable to the trust will depend upon production
quantities, sale prices of oil, natural gas and natural gas
liquids, and costs to produce the oil, natural gas and natural
gas liquids. If at any time costs should exceed gross proceeds,
neither the trust nor the trust unitholders would be liable for
the excess costs; the trust, however, would not receive any net
proceeds until future net proceeds exceed the total of those
excess costs, plus interest at the prevailing money market rate.
Whiting has entered into hedge contracts, which are structured
as costless collar arrangements, to hedge approximately 80% of
the anticipated production from the reserves attributable to the
underlying properties in the reserve report for the period from
January 1, 2008 through December 31, 2012 at prices
ranging from $ to
$ per Bbl of oil and at prices
ranging from $ to
$ per Mcf of natural gas. We refer
to the hedge contracts to which Whiting is a party at the time
of the closing of this offering that relate to the underlying
properties as the hedge contracts. Whiting expects
the hedge contracts will reduce the commodity price-related
risks inherent in holding interests in oil and natural gas
properties that have historically been characterized by
significant price volatility, during the term of the hedge
contracts, although they will also limit the potential for
upside during the hedged period if oil and gas prices increase.
As the hedge contracts cease to exist after 2012,
unitholders exposure to fluctuations in commodity prices
will increase. Under the terms of the conveyance, Whiting will
be prohibited from entering into hedging arrangements covering
the oil and natural gas production from the underlying
properties following the completion of this offering.
The trust will make quarterly cash distributions of
substantially all of its quarterly cash receipts of net proceeds
attributable to the trust, after deduction of fees and expenses
for the administration of the trust, to holders of its trust
units during the term of the trust. The first quarterly
distribution is expected to be made prior to or on
February 29, 2008 to trust unitholders owning trust units
on February 19, 2008. The trusts first quarterly
distribution will consist of an amount in cash paid by Whiting
equal to the amount that would have been payable to the trust
had the net profits interest been in effect during the period
from October 1, 2007 through December 31, 2007. The
second quarterly distribution is expected to be made prior to or
on May 30, 2008 to trust unitholders owning trust units on
May 20, 2008. The trusts second quarterly
distribution will consist of an amount in cash paid by Whiting
equal to the amount that would have been payable to the trust
had the net profits interest been in effect during the period
from January 1, 2008 through the day prior to close of this
offering plus the amount payable under the net profits interest
for the period from the day of closing of the offering through
March 31, 2008. The amount of quarterly cash distributions
will be based on the cash attributable to the net profits
interest that has been remitted by Whiting to the trustee with
respect to the applicable quarter. Because the payments to the
trust are on a cash basis and receipt of proceeds for natural
gas sales typically lags a month behind those for oil sales,
Whiting expects that the first quarterly distribution will
include sales of oil for three months but sales of natural gas
for only two months. Thereafter, quarterly distributions will
generally include sales of both oil and natural gas for three
months, with one month of the natural gas sales attributable to
the prior quarter. Because payments to the trust will be
generated by depleting assets and the trust has a finite life
with the production from the underlying properties diminishing
over time, a portion of each distribution will represent a
return of your original investment.
The business and affairs of the trust will be managed by the
trustee. Whiting has no ability to manage or influence the
operations of the trust. The principal offices of the trustee
are located at 919 Congress Avenue, Suite 500, Austin,
Texas 78701, and its telephone number is
(512) 236-6599.
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Summary
of Risk Factors
An investment in the trust units involves risks associated with
fluctuation in energy commodity prices, the operation of the
underlying properties, certain regulatory and legal matters, the
structure of the trust and the tax characteristics of the trust
units. The following list of factors is not exhaustive. Please
read carefully these risks and other risks described under
Risk Factors.
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The amounts of cash distributions by the trust are subject to
fluctuation as a result of changes in oil, natural gas and
natural gas liquid prices, subject to the hedge contracts. The
hedge contracts will limit the potential for increases in cash
distributions due to oil and natural gas price increases during
the first five years of the trust.
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Actual reserves and future production may be less than current
estimates, which could reduce cash distributions by the trust
and the value of the trust units.
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Financial returns to purchasers of trust units will vary based
in part on how quickly 9.04 MMBOE are produced from the
underlying properties and sold, and it is not known when that
will occur.
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Risks associated with the production, gathering, transportation
and sale of oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids could
adversely affect cash distributions by the trust and the value
of the trust units.
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The trust and the trust unitholders will have no voting or
managerial rights with respect to the underlying properties. As
a result, trust unitholders will have no ability to influence
the operation of the underlying properties.
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Whiting has limited control over activities on certain of the
underlying properties Whiting does not operate, which could
reduce production from the underlying properties and cash
available for distribution to trust unitholders.
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Shortages or increases in costs of oil field equipment, services
and qualified personnel could reduce the amount of cash
available for distribution.
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Market conditions or operational impediments may hinder access
to oil and natural gas markets or delay production.
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Whiting is not required to make capital expenditures on the
underlying properties at historical levels or at all. If Whiting
does not make capital expenditures, then the timing of
production from the underlying properties may not be accelerated.
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Whiting may abandon individual wells or properties that it
reasonably believes to be uneconomic.
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The reserves attributable to the underlying properties are
depleting assets and production from those reserves will
diminish over time. Furthermore, the trust is precluded from
acquiring other oil and natural gas properties or net profits
interests to replace the depleting assets and production.
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The amount of cash available for distribution by the trust will
be reduced by the amount of any royalties, lease operating
expenses, production and property taxes, maintenance expenses,
postproduction costs and producing overhead, and payments made
with respect to the hedge contracts.
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If the payments received by Whiting under the hedge contracts
and certain other non-production revenue exceed operating
expenses during a quarterly period, then the ability to use such
excess amounts to offset operating expenses will be deferred
until the next quarterly period when such amounts are less than
such expenses.
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An increase in the differential between the NYMEX or other
benchmark price of oil and natural gas and the wellhead price
received could reduce cash distributions by the trust and the
value of trust units.
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Under certain circumstances, the trust provides that the trustee
may be required to sell the net profits interest and dissolve
the trust prior to the expected termination of the trust. As a
result, trust unitholders may not recover their investment.
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The disposal by Whiting of its remaining trust units may reduce
the market price of the trust units.
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There has been no public market for the trust units and no
independent appraisal of the value of the net profits interest
has been performed.
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The market price for the trust units may not reflect the value
of the net profits interest held by the trust.
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Conflicts of interest could arise between Whiting and the trust
unitholders.
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The trust is managed by a trustee who cannot be replaced except
at a special meeting of trust unitholders.
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Trust unitholders have limited ability to enforce provisions of
the net profits interest.
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Courts outside of Delaware may not recognize the limited
liability of the trust unitholders provided under Delaware law.
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The operations of the underlying properties may result in
significant costs and liabilities with respect to environmental
and operational safety matters, which could reduce the amount of
cash available for distribution to trust unitholders.
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The operations of the underlying properties are subject to
complex federal, state, local and other laws and regulations
that could adversely affect the cash distributions to the trust
unitholders.
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The trust has not obtained a ruling from the IRS regarding the
tax treatment of ownership of the trust units. If the IRS were
to determine (and be sustained in that determination) that the
trust is not a grantor trust for federal income tax
purposes, or that the net profits interest is not a debt
instrument for federal income tax purposes, the trust
unitholders may receive different and less advantageous tax
treatment than that described in this prospectus.
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The trusts net profits interest may be characterized as an
executory contract in bankruptcy, which could be rejected in
bankruptcy, thus relieving Whiting from its obligations to make
payments to the trust with respect to the net profits interest.
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If the financial position of Whiting degrades in the future,
Whiting may not be able to satisfy its obligations to the trust.
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The trusts receipt of payments based on the hedge
contracts depends upon the financial position of the hedge
contract counterparties and Whiting. A default by any of the
hedge contract counterparties could reduce the amount of cash
available for distribution to the trust unitholders.
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Whiting
Petroleum Corporation
Whiting is an independent oil and gas company engaged in
acquisition, development, exploitation, production and
exploration activities primarily in the Permian Basin, Rocky
Mountains, Mid-Continent, Gulf Coast and Michigan regions of the
United States. Since Whitings inception in 1980, Whiting
has built a strong asset base and achieved steady growth through
property acquisitions, development and exploration activities.
Whitings common stock trades on the New York Stock
Exchange under the symbol of WLL. Whitings
principal executive offices are located at 1700 Broadway,
Suite 2300, Denver, Colorado
80290-2300,
and its telephone number is
(303) 837-1661.
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Structure
of the Trust
The trust will
issue
units to Whiting prior to the completion of this offering, and
Whiting Petroleum Corporation will sell approximately 78.3% of
these units in this offering, or approximately a combined 90.0%
if the underwriters option to purchase additional trust
units from Whiting is exercised in full. The following chart
shows the relationship of Whiting Petroleum Corporation, Whiting
Oil and Gas Corporation, Equity Oil Company, the trust and the
trust unitholders, assuming no exercise of the
underwriters option to purchase additional trust units.
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(1) |
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Prior to the closing of this offering, Whiting Petroleum
Corporations wholly-owned subsidiaries, Whiting Oil and
Gas Corporation and Equity Oil Company, will convey the net
profits interest to the trust in consideration for the issuance
by the trust
of
units, which will be distributed as a dividend to Whiting
Petroleum Corporation. Whiting Petroleum Corporation is
offering
trust units to the public pursuant to this offering. The
underwriters may exercise their option to purchase up
to
trust units in the aggregate at the initial offering price, less
the underwriting discounts and commissions, to cover
over-allotments, if any, within 30 days of the date of this
prospectus from Whiting Petroleum Corporation. |
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(2) |
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Represents Whiting Oil and Gas Corporations and Equity Oil
Companys interests in the underlying properties. For those
underlying properties for which Whiting is designated as the
operator and those it is not, these interests on average consist
of an approximate 68.3% and 16.9%, respectively, working
interest in the leasehold interests to which the underlying
properties relate (and, after taking into account royalty
interests and other non-working interests burdening this working
interest, an approximate 55.9% and 14.0%, respectively, net
revenue interest in the oil and natural gas properties to which
the underlying properties relate). |
The
Underlying Properties
The underlying properties consist of Whitings net
interests in certain of its oil and natural gas producing
properties located primarily in the Rocky Mountains,
Mid-Continent, Permian Basin and Gulf Coast regions of the
United States, after deduction of all royalties and other
burdens on production thereon. The underlying
5
properties include interests in approximately 3,000 producing
oil and natural gas wells in 173 fields on 195,616 gross
acres in 14 states. Whiting has acquired interests in these
properties through various acquisitions that have occurred
during its 27 year existence. For the month ended September
2007, the average daily net production from these properties was
4,508 BOE/d. Whitings interests in these properties
require Whiting to bear its proportionate share, along with the
other working interest owners, of the costs of development and
operation of such properties. The net profits interest entitles
the trust to receive 90% of the net proceeds from the sale of
production of 9.04 MMBOE (which is equivalent to 8.14 MMBOE
attributable to the net profits interest) of proved reserves
during the term of the trust. The 9.04 MMBOE represents the
proved reserves attributable to the underlying properties that
the reserve report projects to be produced by December 31,
2017. As of September 30, 2007, proved reserves
attributable to the underlying properties, as estimated in the
reserve report, were 13.18 MMBOE with a pre-tax PV10% value
of $243.5 million. The reserves attributable to the
underlying properties include all reserves expected to be
economically produced during the life of the properties, whereas
the trust is entitled to only receive 90% of the net proceeds
from the sale of production of oil, natural gas and natural gas
liquids attributable to the underlying properties until the
underlying properties have produced 9.04 MMBOE.
Whitings interest in the underlying properties after
deducting the net profits interest entitles it to 10% of the net
proceeds from the sale of production of oil, natural gas and
natural gas liquids attributable to the underlying properties
during the term of the net profits interest and all of the net
proceeds thereafter. The trust units retained by Whiting, which
represent 21.7% of the trust units following the closing of this
offering, assuming no exercise of the underwriters option
to purchase additional trust units, are subject to
lock-up
arrangements. See Trust Units Eligible for Future
Sale
Lock-up
Agreements. Whiting believes that its retained ownership
interests in the underlying properties and its ownership of
trust units, which together entitle Whiting to receive
approximately 29.5% of the net proceeds from the underlying
properties, assuming no exercise of the underwriters
option to purchase additional trust units, will provide
incentive to operate (or cause to be operated) the underlying
properties in an efficient and cost-effective manner. In
addition, Whiting has agreed to operate these properties as a
reasonably prudent operator in the same manner that it would
operate if these properties were not burdened by the net profits
interest and Whiting has agreed to use commercially reasonable
efforts to cause the other operators to operate these properties
in the same manner.
Major
Producing Areas
The following table summarizes the estimated proved reserves by
region attributable to the net profits interest according to the
reserve report, the corresponding pre-tax PV10% value as of
September 30, 2007 and the average daily net production
attributable to the net profits interest for the month of
September 2007.
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Proved Reserves (1)
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September 2007
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Pre-Tax
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Average
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PV10%
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% of Total
|
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|
Daily Net
|
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Number of
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Oil
|
|
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Natural Gas
|
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Total
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% of Total
|
|
|
Value(2)(3)
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Pre-Tax
|
|
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Production
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|
Region
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Fields
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(Mbbl)
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(MMcf)
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(MBOE)(2)
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Reserves
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(In millions)
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PV10% Value
|
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(BOE/d)
|
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Rocky Mountains
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|
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65
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|
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2,571
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|
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2,567
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2,999
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|
|
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36.8
|
%
|
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$
|
83.9
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|
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42.3
|
%
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|
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1,285
|
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Mid-Continent
|
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54
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|
1,559
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|
|
10,300
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|
|
|
3,276
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|
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40.2
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70.7
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35.6
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1,623
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Permian Basin
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28
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837
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1,992
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1,169
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14.4
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28.6
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|
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14.4
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|
|
602
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Gulf Coast
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26
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|
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190
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|
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3,043
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|
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697
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|
|
8.6
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|
|
|
15.3
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|
|
|
7.7
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|
|
|
547
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
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Total
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|
173
|
|
|
|
5,157
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|
|
|
17,902
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|
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8,141
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|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
$
|
198.5
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
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4,057
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|
(1) |
|
The net profits interest entitles the trust to receive 90% of
the net proceeds from the sale of production of 9.04 MMBOE
from the underlying properties, taken as a whole. The allocation
and makeup of such reserves among regions is from the reserve
report and may not reflect the actual location and makeup from
which reserves will be produced under the net profits interest. |
|
(2) |
|
The total proved reserves attributable to the underlying
properties, as estimated in the reserve report, were
13.18 MMBOE with a pre-tax PV10% value of
$243.5 million, although the net profits interest will
terminate when 9.04 MMBOE have been produced. The amounts in the
table reflect the trusts 90% net profits interest in such
reserves. Proved reserves reflected in the table above for the
net profits interest are based |
6
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|
on NYMEX oil and natural gas prices as of September 30,
2007 of $81.66 per Bbl of oil and $6.15 per Mcf of natural gas
less field transportation, quality and basis differentials of
$8.20 per Bbl of oil and $0.25 per Mcf of natural gas, resulting
in field adjusted prices of $73.46 per Bbl of oil and $5.90 per
Mcf of natural gas. |
|
(3) |
|
Pre-tax PV10% value may be considered a non-GAAP financial
measure as defined by the SEC and is derived from the
standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows, which
is the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure. Pre-tax
PV10% value is computed on the same basis as the standardized
measure of discounted future net cash flows but without
deducting future income taxes. However, as of September 30,
2007, no provision for federal or state income taxes has been
provided because taxable income is passed through to the
unitholders of the trust. Therefore, the standardized measure of
discounted future net cash flows attributable to the net profits
interest is equal to the pre-tax PV10% value. The pre-tax PV10%
value and the standardized measure of discounted future net cash
flows do not purport to present the fair value of the oil and
natural gas reserves attributable to the net profits interest. |
The underlying properties are located in several major onshore
producing basins in the continental United States. Whiting
believes this broad distribution provides a buffer against
regional trends that may negatively impact production or prices.
Based on the pre-tax PV10% value in the reserve report,
approximately 60.6% of these properties were operated by
Whiting. Based on September 2007 production attributable to the
net profits interest, approximately 55% was oil and natural gas
liquids and 45% was natural gas. These properties are located in
mature fields and have established production profiles. However,
production and distributions to the trust will decline over time.
Rocky Mountains Region. The underlying
properties in the Rocky Mountains region are located in two
distinct areas. The first, from which oil is primarily produced,
includes the Williston Basin in North Dakota and Montana and the
Bighorn and Powder River Basins of Wyoming and the second, from
which natural gas is primarily produced, includes southwest
Wyoming, Colorado and Utah. These properties include 65 fields
of which Whiting operates wells in 33 of these fields. The major
North Dakota fields in this region include Bell Field and
Fryberg Field that produce from Tyler sandstone, Whiskey Joe
Field that produces primarily from the Mississippian Madison
zone and Davis Creek Field that produces from the Fryberg zone.
In Montana, the major fields include the Bainville Field and
Palomino Fields that produce primarily from the Nisku zone. The
major Wyoming fields in this region include the Sage Creek Field
in the Bighorn Basin that produces from the Tensleep and Madison
zones and the Kiehl Field in the Powder River Basin, which
produces from the Minnelusa formation and is under waterflood.
The Ignacio Blanco Field is the major Colorado field in this
region and produces from the Fruitland Coal zone. Average daily
net production attributable to the net profits interest from
these properties was 1,285 BOE/d for the month of September 2007
from 677 wells that will be burdened by the net profits
interest.
Mid-Continent Region. The underlying
properties in the Mid-Continent region are located in Arkansas,
Oklahoma, Kansas and Michigan. These properties include 54
fields of which Whiting operates wells in 30 of these fields.
The major Arkansas field in this region is the Magnolia
Smackover Pool Unit, which is the largest single field in the
underlying properties. The major fields and areas in Oklahoma
are located in the Anadarko Basin and include Putnam Field,
Mocane-Laverne Gas Area, Sho-Vel-Tum Field and Nobscot Northwest
Field, which primarily produce from the Oswego, Hunton, Penn,
Morrow, Red Fork and Cottage Grove zones. Case Field is the
major Michigan field in the region and produces from the
Silurian Niagaran zone. Average daily net production
attributable to the net profits interest from these properties
was 1,623 BOE/d for the month of September 2007 from
455 wells that will be burdened by the net profits interest.
Permian Basin Region. The Permian Basin Region
of West Texas and New Mexico is one of the major hydrocarbon
producing provinces in the continental United States. The
underlying properties in the Permian Basin region are located in
Texas and New Mexico. These properties include 28 fields of
which Whiting operates wells in 10 of these fields. The major
fields in this region include Iatan East Howard Field, which
produces from the San Andres, Glorieta and Clearfork zones;
the Fullerton Field, which is unitized and produces from the
Clearfork zone; and Patricia Field, which produces from the
Sprayberry and Fusselman zones. Average daily net production
attributable to the net profits interest from these properties
was 602 BOE/
7
d for the month of September 2007 from approximately
1,612 wells that will be burdened by the net profits
interest.
Gulf Coast Region. The underlying properties
in the Gulf Coast region are located in Texas, Louisiana,
Mississippi and Alabama. These properties include 26 onshore
fields of which Whiting operates wells in two of these fields.
The major field in this region is the Mestena Grande Field
located in Texas, which produces from the Queen City zone.
Average daily net production attributable to the net profits
interest from these properties was 547 BOE/d for the month of
September 2007 from approximately 264 wells that will be
burdened by the net profits interest.
Key
Investment Considerations
The following are some key investment considerations related to
the underlying properties, the net profits interest and the
trust units:
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|
|
Strong Oil Pricing Fundamentals. Based on
September 2007 production attributable to the net profits
interest, approximately 55% was crude oil and natural gas
liquids. Crude oil prices have increased substantially during
the last several years, primarily due to increased demand for
crude oil on a worldwide basis, especially from the developing
economies in China and India, without a corresponding increase
in crude oil production. In addition, geopolitical instability
and military conflicts in certain significant oil producing
nations have led to supply interruptions and increased
uncertainty regarding the levels of future supplies of crude oil.
|
|
|
|
Long Production Histories. The mature oil and
natural gas properties comprising the underlying properties have
established production profiles. Based on the reserve report,
production attributable to the underlying properties is expected
to decline at an average year over year rate of approximately
11% between 2008 and 2017.
|
|
|
|
Proved Developed Producing Reserve
Base. Proved developed producing reserves may be
considered the most valuable and lowest risk category of
reserves because production has already commenced and the
reserves do not require significant future development costs.
Proved developed producing reserves attributable to the
underlying properties represented all of the discounted present
value of estimated future net revenues from the underlying
properties.
|
|
|
|
Downside Price Protection During the First Five Years of the
Trust. For the period from January 1, 2008
through December 31, 2012, Whiting has entered into
costless collar arrangements to hedge approximately 80% of the
anticipated production from the reserves attributable to the
underlying properties at prices ranging from
$ to
$ per Bbl of oil and at prices
ranging from $ to
$ per Mcf of natural gas. Assuming
production occurs as estimated by the reserve report, this would
represent approximately 47% of the proved reserves attributable
to the net profits interest. The hedge contracts are intended to
provide returns to unitholders and reduce the fluctuations in
cash distributions to unitholders resulting from fluctuations in
crude oil and natural gas prices, which have been characterized
by significant volatility.
|
|
|
|
Diversified Well Locations. The underlying
properties include interests in approximately 3,000 producing
wells in 173 fields located in 14 states. As a result, the
loss of production from any one well or group of wells is not
likely to have a material adverse effect on the net proceeds
from the sale of production that are allocable to the trust.
|
|
|
|
Recognized Sponsor with a Successful Track Record and
Experienced Management. Whiting Petroleum
Corporation is an independent oil and gas company whose common
stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol
of WLL. Since its inception in 1980, Whiting has
built a strong asset base and achieved steady growth through
property acquisitions as well as development and exploration
activities. Whitings management team averages over
25 years of experience in the oil and gas industry.
Additionally, Whitings personnel have extensive
operational experience in each of the core geographical areas in
which the oil and natural gas properties comprising the
underlying properties are located.
|
8
|
|
|
|
|
Potential Upside from Drilling and
Recompletions. Although it is not required to do
so, Whiting plans to make capital expenditures for development
and recompletions it deems attractive to increase production on
the underlying properties. The costs of these capital
expenditures would be borne by Whiting, and would not be
allocated to the costs used to determine net proceeds under the
net profits interest. These capital expenditures could
potentially accelerate the production and sale of the
8.14 MMBOE of proved reserves attributable to the net
profits interest and, accordingly, potentially accelerate cash
distributions by the trust.
|
Summary
of Proved Reserves
Summary of Proved Reserves of Underlying Properties and Net
Profits Interest. The following table sets forth,
as of September 30, 2007, certain estimated proved oil
(including natural gas liquids) and natural gas reserves
estimated future net revenues and the discounted present value
thereof attributable to the underlying properties and the net
profits interest, in each case derived from the reserve report.
The reserve report was prepared by Cawley, Gillespie &
Associates, Inc. in accordance with criteria established by the
Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC. Proved reserves
reflected in the table below for the underlying properties and
net profits interest are based on NYMEX oil and natural gas
prices as of September 30, 2007 of $81.66 per Bbl of oil
and $6.15 per Mcf of natural gas less field transportation,
quality and basis differentials of $8.20 per Bbl of oil and
$0.25 per Mcf of natural gas, resulting in field adjusted prices
of $73.46 per Bbl of oil and $5.90 per Mcf of natural gas. Oil
equivalents in the table are the sum of the Bbls of oil and
natural gas liquids and the BOE of the stated Mcfs of natural
gas, calculated on the basis that six Mcfs of natural gas is the
energy equivalent of one Bbl of oil. The estimated future net
revenues attributable to the net profits interest as of
September 30, 2007, are net of the trusts
proportionate share of all estimated costs deducted from revenue
pursuant to the terms of the conveyance creating the net profits
interest and include only the reserves attributable to the
underlying properties that are expected to be produced within
the term of the net profits interest. A summary of the reserve
report is included as Appendix A to this prospectus.
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proved Reserve(1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Natural
|
|
|
Oil
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
|
|
|
Gas
|
|
|
Equivalent
|
|
|
Estimated Future Net Revenues from Proved Reserves
|
|
|
|
(MBbl)
|
|
|
(MMcf)
|
|
|
(MBOE)
|
|
|
Undiscounted
|
|
|
Discounted(2)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(in thousands, except per unit data)
|
|
|
Underlying properties (100%)(3)
|
|
|
8,663
|
|
|
|
27,082
|
|
|
|
13,176
|
|
|
$
|
415,055
|
|
|
$
|
243,535
|
|
Underlying properties (attributable to the net profits
interest)(4)
|
|
|
5,157
|
|
|
|
17,902
|
|
|
|
8,141
|
|
|
$
|
279,074
|
|
|
$
|
198,481
|
|
Net profits interest with cost reductions(5)
|
|
|
3,016
|
|
|
|
10,569
|
|
|
|
4,778
|
|
|
$
|
279,074
|
|
|
$
|
198,481
|
|
Amount per trust unit(6)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
The net profits interest entitles the trust to receive 90% of
the net proceeds from the sale of production of 9.04 MMBOE
from the underlying properties, which equals 8.14 MMBOE. |
|
(2) |
|
The present values of estimated future net revenues for the
underlying properties and the net profits interest were
determined using a discount rate of 10% per annum. As of
September 30, 2007, no provision for federal or state
income taxes has been provided because taxable income is passed
through to the unitholders of the trust. Therefore, the
standardized measure of the underlying properties and the
underlying properties attributable to the net profits interest
equal their corresponding pre-tax PV10% values, which totaled
$243.5 million and $198.5 million, respectively, as of
September 30, 2007. |
|
(3) |
|
Reserve volumes and estimated future net revenues for the
underlying properties reflect volumes and revenues attributable
to the underlying properties. |
|
(4) |
|
Reflects 90% of the estimated proved reserves attributable to
the underlying properties expected to be produced within the
term of the net profits interest based on the reserve report.
Estimated future net revenues from proved reserves takes into
account future estimated costs that are deducted in calculating
net proceeds. |
|
(5) |
|
Proved reserves for the net profits interest are calculated as
(x) 90% of the estimated proved reserves of the underlying
properties less (y) reserve quantities of a sufficient
value to pay 90% of the future estimated |
9
|
|
|
|
|
costs that are deducted in calculating net proceeds.
Accordingly, proved reserves for the net profits interest
reflect quantities expected to be produced during the term of
the net profits interest that are calculated after reductions
for future costs and expenses based on price and cost
assumptions used in the reserve estimates. Estimated future net
revenues from proved reserves takes into account future
estimated costs that are deducted in calculating net proceeds. |
|
|
|
(6) |
|
Assumes
trust units outstanding. |
Annual Production Attributable to Net Profits
Interest. The following graph shows estimated
production of total proved reserves attributable to the net
profits interest during the term of the net profits interest
based upon the pricing and other assumptions set forth in the
reserve report. The net profits interest will terminate at the
time when 9.04 MMBOE have been produced from the underlying
properties and sold (which amount is the equivalent of
8.14 MMBOE in respect of the trusts right to receive
90% of the net proceeds from such reserves pursuant to the net
profits interest). The reserve report projects that 9.04 MMBOE
will have been produced from the underlying properties and sold
by December 31, 2017, which reflects an average year over
year decline rate of approximately 11% between 2008 and 2017.
However, cash distributions to unitholders may decline at a
faster rate than the rate of production due to fixed and
semi-variable costs attributable to the underlying properties.
Also, the exact rate of production cannot be predicted with
certainty and such amount may be produced before or after that
date. Although it is not required to do so, Whiting plans to
make capital expenditures at its sole expense for recompletions
and development it deems attractive to increase production on
the underlying properties without regard to the burden of the
net profits interest on the underlying properties. These capital
expenditures could potentially accelerate the production and
sale of 9.04 MMBOE from the underlying properties. The following
graph does not include the impact of any such capital
expenditures by Whiting.
10
Historical
Results of the Underlying Properties
The selected financial data presented below should be read in
conjunction with the audited statements of historical revenues
and direct operating expenses and the unaudited statements of
historical revenues and direct operating expenses of the
underlying properties, the related notes and Discussion
and Analysis of Historical Results of the Underlying
Properties included elsewhere in this prospectus. The
following table sets forth revenues, direct operating expenses
and the excess of revenues over direct operating expenses
relating to the underlying properties for the three years in the
period ended December 31, 2006, and for the nine-month
periods ended September 30, 2006 and 2007, derived from the
underlying properties audited and unaudited statements of
historical revenues and direct operating expenses included
elsewhere in this prospectus. The unaudited statements were
prepared on a basis consistent with the audited statements and,
in the opinion of Whiting, include all adjustments (consisting
only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present
fairly the revenues, direct operating expenses and the excess of
revenues over direct operating expenses relating to the
underlying properties for the periods presented. The historical
financial information includes the results of acquisitions
beginning on the following dates: Equity Oil Company,
July 20, 2004; Permian Basin Properties, September 23,
2004; Institutional Partnership Interests, June 23, 2005;
Celero Energy, LP, October 4, 2005; and Howard Energy,
August 3, 2006.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31,
|
|
|
Nine months ended September 30,
|
|
|
|
2004
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Unaudited)
|
|
|
(Unaudited)
|
|
|
Revenues:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil sales
|
|
$
|
30,539,666
|
|
|
$
|
43,498,823
|
|
|
$
|
53,232,066
|
|
|
$
|
41,058,591
|
|
|
$
|
41,148,501
|
|
Natural gas sales
|
|
|
23,460,243
|
|
|
|
36,135,271
|
|
|
|
31,397,455
|
|
|
|
24,193,531
|
|
|
|
20,736,595
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
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|
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|
|
|
Total revenues
|
|
|
53,999,909
|
|
|
|
79,634,094
|
|
|
|
84,629,521
|
|
|
|
65,252,122
|
|
|
|
61,885,096
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Direct operating expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lease operating
|
|
|
10,854,433
|
|
|
|
16,180,693
|
|
|
|
21,912,702
|
|
|
|
15,687,225
|
|
|
|
16,952,622
|
|
Production tax
|
|
|
3,954,703
|
|
|
|
5,602,452
|
|
|
|
6,006,308
|
|
|
|
4,621,121
|
|
|
|
4,365,517
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total direct operating expenses
|
|
|
14,809,136
|
|
|
|
21,783,145
|
|
|
|
27,919,010
|
|
|
|
20,308,346
|
|
|
|
21,318,139
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Excess of revenues over direct operating expenses
|
|
$
|
39,190,773
|
|
|
$
|
57,850,949
|
|
|
$
|
56,710,511
|
|
|
$
|
44,943,776
|
|
|
$
|
40,566,957
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11
The following table provides oil and natural gas sales volumes,
average sales prices and capital expenditures relating to the
underlying properties for the three years in the period ended
December 31, 2006, and for the nine-month periods ended
September 30, 2006 and 2007. Sales volumes for natural gas
liquids are included with oil sales since they were not
material. There were no hedges or other derivative activity
attributable to the underlying properties during such periods.
The historical financial information includes the results of
acquisitions beginning on the following dates: Equity Oil
Company, July 20, 2004; Permian Basin Properties,
September 23, 2004; Institutional Partnership Interests,
June 23, 2005; Celero Energy, LP, October 4, 2005; and
Howard Energy, August 3, 2006.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine months ended
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31,
|
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
|
2004
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
Operating data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net production:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil (MBbls)
|
|
|
827
|
|
|
|
893
|
|
|
|
946
|
|
|
|
704
|
|
|
|
717
|
|
Natural gas (MMcf)
|
|
|
4,268
|
|
|
|
5,082
|
|
|
|
5,057
|
|
|
|
3,838
|
|
|
|
3,328
|
|
Total production (MBOE)
|
|
|
1,538
|
|
|
|
1,740
|
|
|
|
1,789
|
|
|
|
1,344
|
|
|
|
1,271
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil (per Bbl)
|
|
$
|
36.95
|
|
|
$
|
48.72
|
|
|
$
|
56.24
|
|
|
$
|
58.32
|
|
|
$
|
57.42
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Natural gas (per Mcf)
|
|
$
|
5.50
|
|
|
$
|
7.11
|
|
|
$
|
6.21
|
|
|
$
|
6.30
|
|
|
$
|
6.23
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Drilling and development capital expenditures
(in thousands)(1):
|
|
$
|
6,396
|
|
|
$
|
6,453
|
|
|
$
|
10,036
|
|
|
$
|
6,908
|
|
|
$
|
5,280
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Whiting cannot provide any assurance that future capital
expenditures will be consistent with historical levels. |
Summary
Projected Cash Distributions
The following table sets forth a projection of cash
distributions to holders of trust units who own trust units as
of the record date for the distribution related to oil, natural
gas and natural gas liquid production for the first quarter of
2008 and continue to own those trust units through the record
date for the cash distribution payable with respect to oil,
natural gas and natural gas liquid production for the last
quarter of 2008. The table also reflects the methodology for
calculating the projected cash distribution. The cash
distribution projections were prepared by Whiting for the twelve
months ending December 31, 2008 on an accrual of production
basis based on the hypothetical assumptions that are described
below and in Projected Cash Distributions
Significant Assumptions Used to Prepare the Projected Cash
Distributions. Actual cash distributions will be on a cash
basis and may vary from those presented.
Whiting does not as a matter of course make public
projections as to future sales, earnings, or other results.
However, the management of Whiting has prepared the prospective
financial information set forth below to present the projected
cash distributions to the holders of the trust units based on
the estimates and hypothetical assumptions described below. The
accompanying prospective financial information was not prepared
with a view toward public disclosure or with a view toward
complying with the guidelines established by the American
Institute of Certified Public Accountants with respect to
prospective financial information, but, in the view of
Whitings management, was prepared on a reasonable basis,
reflects the best currently available estimates and judgments,
and presents, to the best of managements knowledge and
belief, the expected course of action and the expected future
financial performance of the net profits interest. However, this
information is not fact and should not be relied upon as being
indicative of future results, and readers of this prospects are
cautioned not to place undue reliance on the prospective
financial information.
Neither Whitings independent auditors, nor any other
independent accountants, have compiled, examined, or performed
any procedures with respect to the prospective financial
information contained herein, nor have they expressed any
opinion or any other form of assurance on such information or
its
12
achievability, and assume no responsibility for, and disclaim
any association with, the prospective financial information.
In the view of Whitings management, the accompanying
unaudited projected financial information was prepared on a
reasonable basis and reflects the best currently available
estimates and judgments of Whiting related to oil, natural gas
and natural gas liquid production, operating expenses and
capital expenses, based on:
|
|
|
|
|
the oil, natural gas and natural gas liquid production estimates
contained in the reserve report; and
|
|
|
|
any royalties, lease operating expenses, production and property
taxes, maintenance expenses, postproduction costs and producing
overhead, and payments made and costs with respect to the hedge
contracts for the twelve months ending December 31, 2008.
|
The projected financial information was also based on the
hypothetical assumption that prices for oil, natural gas and
natural gas liquids remain constant during the twelve months
ending December 31, 2008, at a price that equals 80% of the
NYMEX futures prices for oil and natural gas
on ,
2008, plus 20% of the Bloomberg consensus price forecasts
on ,
2008 for oil and natural gas for 2008. The NYMEX futures prices
on ,
2008 were $ per Bbl of oil and
$ per Mcf of natural gas and the
Bloomberg consensus price forecasts were
$ per Bbl of oil and
$ per Mcf of natural gas
on ,
2008, which equals blended prices of
$ per Bbl of oil and
$ Mcf of natural gas. Because
there is no Bloomberg consensus price for natural gas liquids,
Whiting used a hypothetical price equal to approximately 66% of
the price used in the projected cash distribution table for oil,
which is consistent with the historical pricing realized by
Whiting for natural gas liquids and is the methodology used in
the reserve report. These hypothetical prices were adjusted to
take into account Whitings estimate of the basis
differential (based on location and quality of the production)
between published commodity prices and the prices actually
received by Whiting. Actual prices paid for oil, natural gas and
natural gas liquids expected to be produced from the underlying
properties in 2008 will likely differ from these hypothetical
prices due to fluctuations in the prices generally experienced
with respect to the production of oil, natural gas and natural
gas liquids, and such prices may be higher or lower than
utilized for purposes of the projected financial information.
For example, the published average monthly closing NYMEX crude
oil spot price per Bbl was $66.12 for the nine months ended
September 30, 2007, with the monthly closing prices ranging
from $54.67 to $79.63 during such period. See Risk
Factors The amounts of the cash distributions by the
trust are subject to fluctuation as a result of changes in oil,
natural gas and natural gas liquid prices.
Whiting utilized these production estimates, hypothetical oil,
natural gas and natural gas liquid prices and cost estimates in
preparing the projected financial information. This methodology
is consistent with the requirements of the SEC for estimating
oil, natural gas and natural gas liquid reserves and discounted
present value of future net revenues attributable to the net
profits interest, other than the use of the NYMEX futures prices
for oil and natural gas
on ,
2008 and Bloomberg consensus price forecasts rather than the use
of constant prices based on the prices in effect at the time of
the reserve estimate as required by the rules and regulations of
the SEC. The actual production amounts, commodity prices and
costs for 2008, however, are not known for certain.
The projections and the estimates and hypothetical assumptions
on which they are based are subject to significant
uncertainties, many of which are beyond the control of Whiting
or the trust. Actual cash distributions to trust unitholders,
therefore, could vary significantly based upon events or
conditions occurring that are different from the events or
conditions assumed to occur for purposes of these projections.
Cash distributions to trust unitholders will be particularly
sensitive to fluctuations in oil, natural gas and natural gas
liquid prices. See Risk Factors The amounts of
the cash distributions by the trust are subject to fluctuation
as a result of changes in oil, natural gas and natural gas
liquid prices and Projected Cash
Distributions Sensitivity of Projected Cash
Distributions to Oil, Natural Gas and Natural Gas Liquid
Production and Prices, which shows projected effects on
cash distributions from hypothetical changes in oil and natural
gas prices. As a result of typical production declines for
oil and natural gas properties, production estimates generally
decrease from year to year, and the projected cash distributions
shown in
13
the table below are not indicative of distributions for future
years. See Projected Cash Distributions
Sensitivity of Projected Cash Distributions to Oil, Natural Gas
and Natural Gas Liquid Production and Prices, which shows
projected effects on cash distributions from hypothetical
changes in oil and natural gas production. Because payments to
the trust will be generated by depleting assets and the trust
has a finite life with the production from the underlying
properties diminishing over time, a portion of each distribution
will represent a return of your original investment. Based on
the reserve report, production attributable to the underlying
properties is expected to decline at an average year over year
rate of approximately 11% between 2008 and 2017. However, cash
distributions to unitholders may decline at a faster rate than
the rate of production due to fixed and semi-variable costs
attributable to the underlying properties. See Risk
Factors The reserves attributable to the underlying
properties are depleting assets and production from those
reserves will diminish over time. Furthermore, the trust is
precluded from acquiring other oil and natural gas properties or
net profits interests to replace the depleting assets and
production.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Projection for Twelve Months Ending
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2008, Based on Oil,
|
|
|
|
Natural Gas and Natural Gas Liquid
|
|
Projected Cash Distributions
|
|
Production in Reserve Report(2)
|
|
|
|
(dollars in thousands, except per Bbl, Mcf
|
|
|
|
and per trust unit amounts)
|
|
|
Underlying properties sales volumes:
|
|
|
|
|
Oil and natural gas liquids (MBbls)
|
|
|
|
|
Natural gas (MMcf)
|
|
|
|
|
Assumed sales price:
|
|
|
|
|
Oil and natural gas liquids (per Bbl)
|
|
$
|
|
|
Natural gas (per Mcf)
|
|
$
|
|
|
Calculation of net proceeds:
|
|
|
|
|
Gross proceeds:
|
|
|
|
|
Oil and natural gas liquid sales
|
|
$
|
|
|
Natural gas sales
|
|
|
|
|
Payments made by Whiting to settle hedge contracts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Costs:
|
|
|
|
|
Lease operating expenses
|
|
$
|
|
|
Production and property taxes
|
|
|
|
|
Payments received by Whiting to settle hedge contracts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net proceeds
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Percentage allocable to net profits interest
|
|
|
90
|
%
|
Total cash proceeds to trust
|
|
|
|
|
Trust administrative expenses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Projected cash distribution on trust units
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Projected cash distribution per trust unit(1)
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Projected amount of cash distribution per trust unit that
represents a return of capital(1)
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Assumes
trust units outstanding. |
|
(2) |
|
The cash distribution projections were prepared by Whiting on an
accrual of production basis based on hypothetical assumptions.
Actual cash distributions will be on a cash basis and may vary
from those presented. For more information about the
hypothetical assumptions made in preparing the table above, see
Projected Cash Distributions Significant
Assumptions Used to Prepare the Projected Cash
Distributions. |
14
The
Offering
|
|
|
Trust units offered by Whiting |
|
units |
|
Trust units outstanding |
|
units |
|
Use of proceeds |
|
Whiting is offering all of the trust units to be sold in this
offering and Whiting will receive all proceeds from the
offering. Whiting intends to use the funds to repay a portion of
the debt outstanding under its credit agreement. See Use
of Proceeds. |
|
Proposed NYSE symbol |
|
WHX |
|
Quarterly cash distributions |
|
Actual cash distributions to the trust unitholders will depend
upon the quantity of oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids
produced and attributable to the underlying properties, the
prices received for oil, natural gas and natural gas liquid
production and other factors. Because payments to the trust will
be generated by depleting assets and the trust has a finite life
with the production from the underlying properties diminishing
over time, a portion of each distribution will represent a
return of your original investment. Oil, natural gas and natural
gas liquid production from proved reserves attributable to the
underlying properties is expected to decline over the term of
the trust. See Risk Factors. |
|
|
|
It is expected that quarterly cash distributions during the term
of the trust will be made by the trustee no later than
60 days following the end of each quarter (or the next
succeeding business day) to the trust unitholders of record on
the 50th day following the end of each quarter. |
|
Net profits interest |
|
The net profits interest will be conveyed to the trust out of
Whitings interests in the underlying properties. The net
profits interest will entitle the trust to receive 90% of the
net proceeds during the term of the trust from the sale of
production of oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids
attributable to the underlying properties. |
|
Termination of the trust |
|
The net profits interest will terminate at the time when 9.04
MMBOE have been produced from the underlying properties and sold
(which amount is the equivalent of 8.14 MMBOE in respect of
the trusts right to receive 90% of the net proceeds from
such reserves pursuant to the net profits interest), and the
trust will soon thereafter wind up its affairs and terminate. |
|
Net proceeds |
|
The conveyance creating the net profits interest entitles the
trust to receive an amount of cash for each quarter equal to 90%
of the net proceeds from the sale of oil, natural gas and
natural gas liquid production attributable to the underlying
properties during the term of the net profits interest. In
general, gross proceeds means the sales price
received by Whiting from sales of oil, natural gas and natural
gas liquids attributable to the underlying properties calculated
on an aggregate basis for all these properties for each calendar
quarter. Net proceeds equals the gross proceeds,
less all royalties, lease operating expenses (including costs of
workovers), production and property taxes, payments made by
Whiting to hedge contract counterparties upon settlements of the
hedge contracts, maintenance expenses, postproduction costs
(including plugging |
15
|
|
|
|
|
and abandonment liabilities) and producing overhead, all
calculated on an aggregate basis for all of these properties.
These expenses and costs will be reduced by hedge payments
received by Whiting under the hedge contracts and other
non-production revenue. If the hedge payments received by
Whiting under the hedge contracts and other non-production
revenue exceed the operating expenses during a quarterly period,
the ability to use such excess amounts to offset operating
expenses will be deferred, with interest accruing on such
amounts at the prevailing money market rate, until the next
quarterly period when the hedge payments and the other
non-production revenue are less than such expenses. Capital
expenditures for recompletions and development drilling will not
be deducted from gross proceeds. For a more detailed description
of the determination of net proceeds, see
Computation of Net Proceeds. |
|
Administrative services fee payable to Whiting |
|
Whiting will be entitled to receive an annual administrative
services fee, payable quarterly, during the term of the trust,
for providing accounting, bookkeeping and informational services
relating to the net profits interest. The fee will total
$200,000 per year. A more detailed description of the
administrative services fee is set forth under the caption
The Trust Administrative Services Fee. |
|
Summary of income tax consequences |
|
Trust unitholders will be taxed directly on the income from
assets of the trust. The net profits interest should be treated
as a debt instrument for federal income tax purposes, and a
trust unitholder in that event will be required to include in
such trust unitholders income its share of the interest
income on such debt instrument as it accrues in accordance with
the rules applicable to contingent payment debt instruments
contained in the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended and
the corresponding regulations, as well as such trust
unitholders share of any income on the trusts
hedges. If the net profits interest is not treated as a debt
instrument, then a trust unitholder would be allowed to recoup
its basis in the net profits interest on a schedule that is in
proportion to production from the net profits interest and that
is more favorable to a trust unitholder than the schedule on
which basis will be recovered if the net profits interest is
treated as a debt instrument for federal income tax purposes.
However, the deductions that would be allowed to an individual
trust unitholder in that event may be itemized deductions, the
deductibility of which would be subject to limitations that may
or may not apply depending upon the trust unitholders
circumstances. See Federal Income Tax Consequences. |
16
Investing
in Trust Units
Investing in these trust units differs from investing in
corporate common stock because:
|
|
|
|
|
trust unitholders are owed a fiduciary duty by the trustee, but
not by Whiting;
|
|
|
|
trust unitholders have limited voting rights;
|
|
|
|
trust unitholders are taxed directly on their share of trust net
income;
|
|
|
|
substantially all trust income must be distributed to trust
unitholders; and
|
|
|
|
trust assets are limited to the net profits interest, which has
a finite economic life.
|
17
You should carefully consider each of the risks described below,
together with all of the other information contained or
incorporated by reference in this prospectus before deciding to
invest in the trust units. If any of the following risks develop
into actual events, the amount of cash available for
distributions to trust unitholders and the value of the trust
units could be reduced.
The
amounts of cash distributions by the trust are subject to
fluctuation as a result of changes in oil, natural gas and
natural gas liquid prices, subject to the hedge contracts. The
hedge contracts will limit the potential for increases in cash
distributions due to oil and natural gas price increases during
the first five years of the trust.
The reserves attributable to the underlying properties and the
quarterly cash distributions of the trust are highly dependent
upon the prices realized from the sale of oil, natural gas and
natural gas liquids. Prices of oil, natural gas and natural gas
liquids can fluctuate widely on a quarter-to-quarter basis in
response to a variety of factors that are beyond the control of
the trust and Whiting. These factors include, among others:
|
|
|
|
|
political conditions or hostilities in oil and natural gas
producing regions, including the Middle East and South America;
|
|
|
|
weather conditions or force majeure events;
|
|
|
|
levels of supply of and demand for oil, natural gas and natural
gas liquids;
|
|
|
|
U.S. and worldwide economic conditions;
|
|
|
|
the price and availability of alternative fuels;
|
|
|
|
the proximity to, and capacity of, refineries and gathering and
transportation facilities; and
|
|
|
|
energy conservation and environmental measures.
|
Moreover, government regulations, such as regulation of natural
gas gathering and transportation and possible price controls,
can affect commodity prices in the long term.
Recent oil prices have been high compared to historical prices.
For example, the NYMEX crude oil spot prices per Bbl were
$32.52, $43.45, $61.04 and $61.05 as of December 31, 2003,
2004, 2005 and 2006, respectively, and was $94.53 as of
October 31, 2007. Additionally, natural gas prices have
been volatile in the recent past. For example, natural gas
prices based upon delivery at the Henry Hub in Louisiana were
$6.19, $6.15, $9.52 and $5.52 as of December 31, 2003,
2004, 2005 and 2006, respectively, and was $7.28 as of
October 31, 2007.
Whiting has entered into hedge contracts, which are structured
as costless collar arrangements, that will hedge approximately
80% of the oil and natural gas volumes expected to be produced
from the underlying properties through 2012. These hedge
contracts, however, do not cover all of the oil and natural gas
volumes that are expected to be produced during the term of the
trust. Because of the differential between NYMEX or other
benchmark prices of oil and natural gas and the wellhead price
received, hedge contracts may not totally offset the effects of
price fluctuations. Whiting has not entered into any hedge
contracts relating to oil and natural gas volumes expected to be
produced after 2012, and the terms of the conveyance of the net
profits interest will prohibit Whiting from entering into new
hedging arrangements following the completion of this offering.
As a result, the amounts of the cash distributions may fluctuate
significantly after 2012 as a result of changes in commodity
prices because there will be no hedge contracts in place to
reduce the effects of any changes in commodity prices. The hedge
contracts may also limit the amount of cash available for
distribution if prices increase. In addition, the hedge
contracts are subject to counterparty nonperformance and other
risks. For a discussion of the hedge contracts, see The
Underlying Properties Hedge Contracts.
Lower prices of oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids will
reduce the amount of the net proceeds to which the trust is
entitled and may ultimately reduce the amount of oil, natural
gas and natural gas liquids that is economic to produce from the
underlying properties. As a result, the operator of any of the
underlying
18
properties could determine during periods of low commodity
prices to shut in or curtail production from the underlying
properties. In addition, the operator of these properties could
determine during periods of low commodity prices to plug and
abandon marginal wells that otherwise may have been allowed to
continue to produce for a longer period under conditions of
higher prices. Because these properties are mature, decreases in
commodity prices could have a more significant effect on the
economic viability of these properties as compared to more
recently discovered properties. The commodity price sensitivity
of these mature wells is due to a culmination of factors that
vary from well-to-well, including the additional costs
associated with water handling and disposal, chemicals, surface
equipment maintenance, downhole casing repairs and reservoir
pressure maintenance activities that are necessary to maintain
production. As a result, the volatility of commodity prices may
cause the amount of future cash distributions to trust
unitholders to fluctuate, and a substantial decline in the price
of oil, natural gas or natural gas liquids will reduce the
amount of cash available for distribution to the trust
unitholders.
Actual
reserves and future production may be less than current
estimates, which could reduce cash distributions by the trust
and the value of the trust units.
The value of the trust units and the amount of future cash
distributions to the trust unitholders will depend upon, among
other things, the accuracy of the production and reserves
estimated to be attributable to the underlying properties and
the net profits interest. Estimating production and reserves is
inherently uncertain. Ultimately, actual production, revenues
and expenditures for the underlying properties will vary both
positively and negatively from estimates and those variations
could be material. Petroleum engineers consider many factors and
make assumptions in estimating production and reserves. Those
factors and assumptions include:
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historical production from the area compared with production
rates from other producing areas;
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the assumed effect of governmental regulation; and
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assumptions about future prices of oil, natural gas and natural
gas liquids, including differentials, production and development
expenses, gathering and transportation costs, severance and
excise taxes and capital expenditures.
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Changes in these assumptions can materially increase or decrease
production and reserve estimates.
The estimated reserves attributable to the net profits interest
and the estimated future net revenues attributable to the net
profits interest are based on estimates of reserve quantities
and revenues for the underlying properties. See The
Underlying Properties Reserves for a
discussion of the method of allocating proved reserves to the
underlying properties and the net profits interest. The
quantities of reserves attributable to the underlying properties
and the net profits interest may decrease in the future as a
result of future decreases in the price of oil, natural gas or
natural gas liquids.
Financial
returns to purchasers of trust units will vary in part based on
how quickly 9.04 MMBOE are produced from the underlying
properties and sold, and it is not known when that will
occur.
The net profits interest will terminate at the time when 9.04
MMBOE have been produced from the underlying properties and
sold. The reserve report projects that 9.04 MMBOE will have been
produced from the underlying properties and sold by
December 31, 2017. However, the exact rate of production
cannot be predicted with certainty and such amount may be
produced before or after that date. If production attributable
to the underlying properties is slower than estimated, then
financial returns to purchasers of trust units will be lower
assuming constant prices because cash distributions attributable
to such production will occur at a later date.
Risks
associated with the production, gathering, transportation and
sale of oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids could adversely
affect cash distributions by the trust and the value of the
trust units.
The revenues of the trust, the value of the trust units and the
amount of cash distributions to the trust unitholders will
depend upon, among other things, oil, natural gas and natural
gas liquid production and prices
19
and the costs incurred to exploit oil and natural gas reserves
attributable to the underlying properties. Drilling, production
or transportation accidents that temporarily or permanently halt
the production and sale of oil, natural gas and natural gas
liquids at any of the underlying properties will reduce trust
distributions by reducing the amount of net proceeds available
for distribution. For example, accidents may occur that result
in personal injuries, property damage, damage to productive
formations or equipment and environmental damages. Any costs
incurred in connection with any such accidents that are not
insured against will have the effect of reducing the net
proceeds available for distribution to the trust. In addition,
curtailments or damage to pipelines used to transport oil,
natural gas and natural gas liquid production to markets for
sale could reduce the amount of net proceeds available for
distribution. Any such curtailment or damage to the gathering
systems could also require finding alternative means to
transport the oil, natural gas and natural gas liquid production
from the underlying properties, which alternative means could
result in additional costs that will have the effect of reducing
net proceeds available for distribution.
The
trust and the trust unitholders will have no voting or
managerial rights with respect to the underlying properties. As
a result, trust unitholders will have no ability to influence
the operation of the underlying properties.
Oil and natural gas properties are typically managed pursuant to
an operating agreement among the working interest owners of oil
and natural gas properties. The typical operating agreement
contains procedures whereby the owners of the working interests
in the property designate one of the interest owners to be the
operator of the property. Under these arrangements, the operator
is typically responsible for making decisions relating to
drilling activities, sale of production, compliance with
regulatory requirements and other matters that affect the
property. Neither the trustee nor the trust unitholders have any
contractual ability to influence or control the field operations
of, sale of oil and natural gas from the underlying properties.
Also, the trust unitholders have no voting rights with respect
to the operators of these properties and, therefore, will have
no managerial, contractual or other ability to influence the
activities of the operators of these properties.
Whiting
has limited control over activities on certain of the underlying
properties Whiting does not operate, which could reduce
production from the underlying properties and cash available for
distribution to trust unitholders.
Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation is currently designated as the
operator of approximately 60.6% of the underlying properties
based on the pre-tax PV10% value contained in the reserve
report. However, for the 39.4% of the underlying properties that
Whiting does not operate, Whiting does not have control over
normal operating procedures or expenditures relating to such
properties. The failure of an operator to adequately perform
operations or an operators breach of the applicable
agreements could reduce production from the underlying
properties and the cash available for distribution to trust
unitholders. The success and timing of operational activities on
properties operated by others therefore depends upon a number of
factors outside of Whitings control, including the
operators timing and amount of capital expenditures,
expertise and financial resources, inclusion of other
participants in drilling wells, and use of technology. Because
Whiting does not have a majority interest in most of the
non-operated properties comprising the underlying properties,
Whiting may not be in a position to remove the operator in the
event of poor performance.
Shortages
or increases in costs of oil field equipment, services and
qualified personnel could reduce the amount of cash available
for distribution.
The demand for qualified and experienced field personnel to
conduct field operations, geologists, geophysicists, engineers
and other professionals in the oil and natural gas industry can
fluctuate significantly, often in correlation with oil and
natural gas prices, causing periodic shortages. Historically,
there have been shortages of drilling rigs and other oilfield
equipment as demand for rigs and equipment has increased along
20
with the number of wells being drilled. These factors also cause
significant increases in costs for equipment, services and
personnel. Higher oil and natural gas prices generally stimulate
demand and result in increased prices for drilling rigs, crews
and associated supplies, equipment and services. Shortages of
field personnel and equipment or price increases could
significantly decrease the amount of cash available for
distribution to the trust unitholders, or restrict operations on
the underlying properties.
Market
conditions or operational impediments may hinder access to oil
and natural gas markets or delay production.
Market conditions or a lack of satisfactory oil and natural gas
transportation arrangements may hinder access to oil and natural
gas markets or delay production. The availability of a ready
market for oil and natural gas production depends on a number of
factors, including the demand for and supply of oil and natural
gas and the proximity of reserves to pipelines and terminal
facilities. The ability to market production depends
substantially on the availability and capacity of gathering
systems, pipelines and processing facilities owned and operated
by third-parties. The failure to obtain such services on
acceptable terms could materially reduce production from the
underlying properties and the cash available for distribution to
trust unitholders. Wells may be required to be shut in for a
lack of a market or because access to natural gas pipelines,
gathering systems or processing facilities may be limited or
unavailable. If that were to occur, then production would be
unrealized from those wells included in the underlying
properties until production arrangements were made to deliver
the production to market.
Whiting
is not required to make capital expenditures on the underlying
properties at historical levels or at all. If Whiting does not
make capital expenditures, then the timing of production from
the underlying properties may not be accelerated.
Whiting has made capital expenditures on the underlying
properties in the amounts set forth in The Underlying
Properties Historical Results of the Underlying
Properties, which have increased production from the
underlying properties. Although Whiting plans to make capital
expenditures for recompletions and development it deems
attractive to increase production on the underlying properties
without regard to the burden of the net profits interest on the
underlying properties, Whiting has no contractual obligation to
do so. In addition, some of the historical capital expenditures
related to properties that Whiting recently acquired will no
longer require historical levels of capital expenditures.
Furthermore, for properties on which Whiting is not designated
as the operator, the decision whether to make capital
expenditures is made by the operator and Whiting has no control
over the timing or amount of those capital expenditures. Whiting
also has the right to non-consent and not participate in the
capital expenditures on these properties, in which case Whiting
and the trust will not receive the production resulting from
such capital expenditures. Accordingly, it is likely that
capital expenditures with respect to the underlying properties
will vary from and may be less than historical levels.
Whiting
may abandon individual wells or properties that it reasonably
believes to be uneconomic.
Whiting will be required under the applicable conveyance to act
as a reasonably prudent operator in the state where the
underlying properties are located under the same or similar
circumstances would act if it were acting with respect to its
own properties, disregarding the existence of the net profits
interest as a burden on such property. However, under such
standards, Whiting may abandon any well if it reasonably
believes that the well can no longer produce oil or natural gas
in commercially economic quantities. This could result in
termination of the net profits interest relating to the
abandoned well.
The
reserves attributable to the underlying properties are depleting
assets and production from those reserves will diminish over
time. Furthermore, the trust is precluded from acquiring other
oil and natural gas properties or net profits interests to
replace the depleting assets and production.
The net proceeds payable to the trust from the net profits
interest are derived from the sale of oil, natural gas and
natural gas liquids produced from the underlying properties and
proceeds, if any, received by Whiting upon settlement of the
hedge contracts. The reserves attributable to the underlying
properties are depleting
21
assets, which means that the reserves attributable to the
underlying properties will decline over time. As a result, the
quantity of oil and natural gas produced from the underlying
properties is expected to decline over time. Based on the
reserve report, production attributable to the underlying
properties is expected to decline at an average year over year
rate of approximately 11% between 2008 and 2017. However, cash
distributions to unitholders may decline at a faster rate than
the rate of production due to fixed and semi-variable costs
attributable to the underlying properties. Also, the anticipated
rate of decline is an estimate and actual decline rates will
likely vary from those estimated. The net profits interest will
terminate at the time when 9.04 MMBOE have been produced from
the underlying properties and sold (which amount is the
equivalent of 8.14 MMBOE in respect of the trusts
right to receive 90% of the net proceeds from such reserves
pursuant to the net profits interest).
Future maintenance projects on the underlying properties beyond
those which are currently estimated may affect the quantity of
proved reserves that can be economically produced from the
underlying properties. The timing and size of these projects
will depend on, among other factors, the market prices of oil,
natural gas and natural gas liquids. If operators of the
underlying properties do not implement required maintenance
projects when warranted, the future rate of production decline
of proved reserves may be higher than the rate currently
expected by Whiting or estimated in the reserve report. In
addition Whiting is not required to make any capital
expenditures.
The trust agreement will provide that the trusts business
activities will be limited to owning the net profits interest
and any activity reasonably related to such ownership, including
activities required or permitted by the terms of the conveyance
related to the net profits interest. As a result, the trust will
not be permitted to acquire other oil and natural gas properties
or net profits interests to replace the depleting assets and
production attributable to the net profits interest.
Because the net proceeds payable to the trust are derived from
the sale of depleting assets, the portion of the distributions
to unitholders attributable to depletion should be considered a
return of capital as opposed to a return on investment.
Eventually, the net profits interest may cease to produce in
commercial quantities and the trust may, therefore, cease to
receive any distributions of net proceeds therefrom.
The
amount of cash available for distribution by the trust will be
reduced by the amount of any royalties, lease operating
expenses, production and property taxes, maintenance expenses,
postproduction costs and producing overhead, and payments made
with respect to the hedge contracts.
Production costs on the underlying properties are deducted in
the calculation of the trusts share of net proceeds. In
addition, production and property taxes and any costs or
payments associated with post-production costs will be deducted
in the calculation of the trusts share of net proceeds.
Accordingly, higher or lower production expenses, taxes and
post-production costs will directly decrease or increase the
amount received by the trust in respect of its net profits
interest. For a summary of these costs for the last three years,
see The Underlying Properties. Historical costs may
not be indicative of future costs. The amount of net proceeds
subject to the net profits interest will also be reduced by all
payments made by Whiting to hedge contract counterparties upon
settlement of the hedge contracts.
If production costs of the underlying properties and payments
made by Whiting to hedge contract counterparties exceed the
proceeds of production, the trust will not receive net proceeds
until future proceeds from production exceed the total of the
excess costs plus accrued interest during the deficit period.
If the
payments received by Whiting under the hedge contracts and
certain other non-production revenue exceed operating expenses
during a quarterly period, then the ability to use such excess
amounts to offset operating expenses will be deferred until the
next quarterly period when such amounts are less than such
expenses.
If the hedge payments received by Whiting and certain other
non-production revenue exceed the operating expenses during a
quarterly period, the ability to use such excess amounts to
offset operating expenses will be deferred until the next
quarterly period when such amounts are less than such expenses.
If such amounts are deferred, then the applicable quarterly
distribution will be less than it would have otherwise been.
22
However, if any excess amounts have not been used to offset
costs at the time when 9.04 MMBOE have been produced from the
underlying properties and sold, which is the time when the net
profits interest will terminate, then unitholders will not be
entitled to receive the benefit of such excess amounts. Such a
scenario could occur if oil and natural gas prices decline
significantly during the first five years of the net profits
interest and remained low for the remainder of the term.
An
increase in the differential between the NYMEX or other
benchmark price of oil and natural gas and the wellhead price
received could reduce cash distributions by the trust and the
value of trust units.
The prices received for our oil and natural gas production
usually trade at a discount to the relevant benchmark prices,
such as NYMEX, that are used for calculating hedge positions.
The difference between the benchmark price and the price
received is called a differential. The differential may vary
significantly due to market conditions, the quality and location
of production and other factors. Whiting cannot accurately
predict oil and natural gas differentials. Increases in the
differential between the benchmark price for oil and natural gas
and the wellhead price received could reduce cash distributions
by the trust and the value of the trust units.
Under
certain circumstances, the trust provides that the trustee may
be required to sell the net profits interest and dissolve the
trust prior to the expected termination of the trust. As a
result, trust unitholders may not recover their
investment.
The trustee must sell the net profits interest if the holders of
a majority of the trust units approve the sale or vote to
dissolve the trust. The trustee must also sell the net profits
interest if the annual gross proceeds attributable to the net
profits interest are less than $1.0 million for each of any
two consecutive years. The sale of the net profits interest will
result in the dissolution of the trust. The net proceeds of any
such sale will be distributed to the trust unitholders.
The net profits interest will terminate at the time when 9.04
MMBOE have been produced from the underlying properties and sold
(which amount is the equivalent of 8.14 MMBOE in respect of
the trusts right to receive 90% of the net proceeds from
such reserves pursuant to the net profits interest). The trust
unitholders will not be entitled to receive any net proceeds
from the sale of production from the underlying properties
following the termination of the net profits interest.
Therefore, the market price of the trust units will likely
diminish towards the end of the term of the net profits interest
because the cash distributions from the trust will cease at the
termination of such net profits interest and the trust will have
no right to any additional production from the underlying
properties after the term of the net profits interest.
The
disposal by Whiting of its remaining trust units may reduce the
market price of the trust units.
Whiting will own 21.7% of the trust units after this offering,
or 10% if the underwriters option to purchase additional
trust units is exercised in full. If Whiting sells these units,
then the market price of the trust units may be reduced. See
Selling Trust Unitholder. Whiting has entered
into a
lock-up
agreement that prohibits it from selling any trust units for a
period of 180 days after the date of this prospectus
without the consent of Raymond James & Associates,
Inc., acting as representative of the several underwriters. See
Underwriting. In connection with the closing of this
offering, Whiting and the trust intend to enter into a
registration rights agreement pursuant to which the trust will
agree to file a registration statement or shelf registration
statement to register the resale of the remaining trust units
held by Whiting and any transferee of the trust units upon
request by such holders. See Trust Units Eligible for
Future Sale Registration Rights.
There
has been no public market for the trust units and no independent
appraisal of the value of the net profits interest has been
performed.
The number of trust units to be delivered to Whiting in exchange
for the net profits interest and the initial public offering
price of the trust units will be determined by negotiation among
Whiting and the underwriters. Among the factors to be considered
in determining such number of trust units and the initial public
offering price, in addition to prevailing market conditions,
will be current and historical oil and natural gas prices,
23
current and prospective conditions in the supply and demand for
oil and natural gas, reserve and production quantities estimated
for the net profits interest and the trusts estimated cash
distributions. None of Whiting, the trust or the underwriters
will obtain any independent appraisal or other opinion of the
value of the net profits interest other than the reserve report
prepared by Cawley, Gillespie & Associates, Inc.
The
market price for the trust units may not reflect the value of
the net profits interest held by the trust.
The trading price for publicly traded securities similar to the
trust units tends to be tied to recent and expected levels of
cash distributions. The amounts available for distribution by
the trust will vary in response to numerous factors outside the
control of the trust, including prevailing prices for sales of
oil, natural gas and natural gas liquid production attributable
to the underlying properties. Consequently, the market price for
the trust units may not necessarily be indicative of the value
that the trust would realize if it sold the net profits interest
to a third-party buyer. In addition, such market price may not
necessarily reflect the fact that since the assets of the trust
are depleting assets, a portion of each cash distribution paid
on the trust units should be considered by investors as a return
of capital, with the remainder being considered as a return on
investment. As a result, distributions made to a unitholder over
the life of these depleting assets may not equal or exceed the
purchase price paid by the unitholder.
Conflicts
of interest could arise between Whiting and the trust
unitholders.
The interests of Whiting and the interests of the trust and the
trust unitholders with respect to the underlying properties
could at times differ. For example, Whiting has the right,
subject to significant limitations as described herein, to cause
the trust to release a portion of the net profits interest in
connection with a sale of a portion of the oil and natural gas
properties comprising the underlying properties to which such
net profits interest relates. In such an event, the trust is
entitled to receive its proportionate share of the proceeds from
the sale attributable to the net profits interest released. See
The Underlying Properties Abandonment of
Underlying Properties. Except for specified matters that
require approval of the trust unitholders described in
Description of the Trust Agreement, the
documents governing the trust do not provide a mechanism for
resolving these conflicting interests.
The
trust is managed by a trustee who cannot be replaced except at a
special meeting of trust unitholders.
The business and affairs of the trust will be managed by the
trustee. The voting rights of a trust unitholder are more
limited than those of stockholders of most public corporations.
For example, there is no requirement for annual meetings of
trust unitholders or for an annual or other periodic re-election
of the trustee. The trust agreement provides that the trustee
may only be removed and replaced by the holders of a majority of
the outstanding trust units at a special meeting of trust
unitholders called by either the trustee or the holders of not
less than 10% of the outstanding trust units. Immediately
following the closing of this offering, Whiting will own
approximately 21.7% of the outstanding trust units (or 10% if
the underwriters exercise in full their option to purchase up to
an
additional trust
units from Whiting). As a result, it may be difficult to remove
or replace the trustee without the approval of Whiting.
Trust
unitholders have limited ability to enforce provisions of the
net profits interest.
The trust agreement permits the trustee to sue Whiting on behalf
of the trust to enforce the terms of the conveyance creating the
net profits interest. If the trustee does not take appropriate
action to enforce provisions of the conveyance, your recourse as
a trust unitholder would be limited to bringing a lawsuit
against the trustee to compel the trustee to take specified
actions. The trust agreement expressly limits the trust
unitholders ability to directly sue Whiting or any other
third party other than the trustee. As a result, the unitholders
will not be able to sue Whiting to enforce these rights.
24
Courts
outside of Delaware may not recognize the limited liability of
the trust unitholders provided under Delaware law.
Under the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, trust unitholders
will be entitled to the same limitation of personal liability
extended to stockholders of private corporations under the
General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware. Courts in
jurisdictions outside of Delaware, however, may not give effect
to such limitation.
The
operations of the underlying properties may result in
significant costs and liabilities with respect to environmental
and operational safety matters, which could reduce the amount of
cash available for distribution to trust
unitholders.
Significant costs and liabilities can be incurred as a result of
environmental and safety requirements applicable to the oil and
natural gas exploration, development and production activities
of the underlying properties. These costs and liabilities could
arise under a wide range of federal, state and local
environmental and safety laws, regulations, and enforcement
policies, which legal requirements have tended to become
increasingly strict over time. Failure to comply with these laws
and regulations may result in the assessment of administrative,
civil and criminal penalties, imposition of cleanup and site
restoration costs and liens, and to a lesser extent, issuance of
injunctions to limit or cease operations. In addition, claims
for damages to persons, property or natural resources may result
from environmental and other impacts on the operations of the
underlying properties.
Strict, joint and several liability may be imposed under certain
environmental laws and regulations, which could result in
liability for the conduct of others or for the consequences of
ones own actions that were in compliance with all
applicable laws at the time those actions were taken. New laws,
regulations or enforcement policies could be more stringent and
impose unforeseen liabilities or significantly increase
compliance costs. If it were not possible to recover the
resulting costs for such liabilities or non-compliance through
insurance or increased revenues, then these costs could have a
material adverse effect on the cash distributions to the trust
unitholders. Please read The Underlying
Properties Environmental Matters and
Regulation for more information.
The
operations of the underlying properties are subject to complex
federal, state, local and other laws and regulations that could
adversely affect the cash distributions to the trust
unitholders.
The development and production operations of the underlying
properties are subject to complex and stringent laws and
regulations. In order to conduct the operations of the
underlying properties in compliance with these laws and
regulations, Whiting and the other operators must obtain and
maintain numerous permits, approvals and certificates from
various federal, state, local and governmental authorities.
Whiting and the other operators may incur substantial costs and
experience delays in order to maintain compliance with these
existing laws and regulations, which could decrease the cash
distributions to the trust unitholders. In addition, the costs
of compliance may increase or the operations of the underlying
properties may be otherwise adversely affected if existing laws
and regulations are revised or reinterpreted, or if new laws and
regulations become applicable to such operations. Such costs
could have a material adverse effect on the cash distributions
to the trust unitholders.
The operations of the underlying properties are subject to
federal, state and local laws and regulations as interpreted and
enforced by governmental authorities possessing jurisdiction
over various aspects of the exploration for, and the production
of, oil and natural gas. Failure to comply with such laws and
regulations, as interpreted and enforced, could have a material
adverse effect on the cash distributions to the trust
unitholders. Please read The Underlying
Properties Environmental Matters and
Regulation.
25
The
trust has not requested a ruling from the IRS regarding the tax
treatment of ownership of the trust units. If the IRS were to
determine (and be sustained in that determination) that the
trust is not a grantor trust for federal income tax
purposes, or that the net profits interest is not a debt
instrument for federal income tax purposes, the trust
unitholders may receive different and less advantageous tax
treatment from that described in this prospectus.
If the net profits interest were not treated as a debt
instrument, the deductions allowed to an individual trust
unitholder in their recovery of basis in the net profits
interest may be itemized deductions, the deductibility of which
would be subject to limitations that may or may not apply
depending upon the unitholders circumstances. See
Federal Income Tax Consequences.
Neither Whiting nor the trustee has requested a ruling from the
IRS regarding these tax questions, and neither Whiting nor the
trust can assure you that such a ruling would be granted if
requested or that the IRS will not challenge this position on
audit.
Trust unitholders should be aware of the possible state tax
implications of owning trust units. See State Tax
Considerations.
The
trusts net profits interest may be characterized as an
executory contract in bankruptcy, which could be rejected in
bankruptcy, thus relieving Whiting from its obligations to make
payments to the trust with respect to the net profits
interest.
Whiting will record the conveyance of the net profits interest
in the states where the underlying properties are located in the
real property records in each county where these properties are
located. Oil and natural gas leases are real property interests
under the laws of the states where the underlying properties are
located. The net profits interest is a non-operating,
non-possessory interest carved out of the oil and natural gas
leasehold estate, but certain jurisdictions have not directly
determined whether a net profits interest is a real or a
personal property interest. Whiting believes that the delivery
and recording of the conveyance will constitute a fully conveyed
and vested property interest in the trust under the applicable
states laws. If in a bankruptcy proceeding in which
Whiting becomes involved as a debtor a determination were made
that the conveyance constitutes an executory contract and the
net profits interest is not a fully conveyed property interest
under the laws of the applicable state, and if such contract
were not to be assumed in a bankruptcy proceeding involving
Whiting, the trust would be treated as an unsecured creditor of
Whiting with respect to such net profits interest in the pending
bankruptcy proceeding. Please read The Underlying
Properties Title to Properties for more
information.
If the
financial position of Whiting degrades in the future, Whiting
may not be able to satisfy its obligations to the
trust.
Whiting operates approximately 60.6% of the underlying
properties based on the pre-tax PV10% value. The conveyance
provides that Whiting will be obligated to market, or cause to
be marketed, the production related to underlying properties for
which it operates. In addition, Whiting is obligated to use the
proceeds it receives upon the settlement of the hedge contracts
to offset operating expenses relating to the underlying
properties, with certain restrictions, as discussed in more
detail in Computation of Net Proceeds.
Whiting has entered into hedge contracts, consisting of costless
collar arrangements, with institutional counterparties to reduce
the exposure of the revenue from oil and natural gas production
from the underlying properties to fluctuations in crude oil and
natural gas prices in order to achieve more predictable cash
flow. The crude oil and natural gas collar arrangements will
settle based on the average of the settlement price for each
commodity business day in the contract period. In a collar
arrangement, the counterparty is required to make a payment to
Whiting for the difference between the fixed floor price and the
settlement price if the settlement price is below the fixed
floor price. Whiting is required to make a payment to the
counterparty for the difference between the fixed ceiling price
and the settlement price if the settlement price is above the
fixed ceiling price. For a detailed description of the terms of
these hedge contracts, please read The Underlying
Properties Hedge Contracts.
26
The ability of Whiting to perform its obligations related to the
operation of the underlying properties, its obligations to
counterparties related to the hedge contracts and its
obligations to the trust with respect to the hedge contracts
will depend on Whitings future financial condition and
economic performance, which in turn will depend upon the supply
and demand for oil and natural gas, prevailing economic
conditions and upon financial, business and other factors, many
of which are beyond the control of Whiting. See Where You
Can Find More Information in this prospectus for
information about the documents Whiting incorporates by
reference into this prospectus that contain additional
information relating to Whiting, including information relating
to the business of Whiting, historical financial statements of
Whiting and other financial information relating to Whiting.
The
trusts receipt of payments based on the hedge contracts
depends upon the financial position of the hedge contract
counterparties and Whiting. A default by any of the hedge
contract counterparties could reduce the amount of cash
available for distribution to the trust
unitholders.
In the event that any of the counterparties to the hedge
contracts default on their obligations to make payments to
Whiting under the hedge contracts, the cash distributions to the
trust unitholders would likely be materially reduced as the
hedge payments are intended to provide additional cash to the
trust during periods of lower crude oil and natural gas prices.
27
FORWARD-LOOKING
STATEMENTS
This prospectus contains forward-looking statements about
Whiting and the trust that are subject to risks and
uncertainties. All statements other than statements of
historical fact included in this document, including, without
limitation, statements under Prospectus Summary and
Risk Factors regarding the financial position,
business strategy, production and reserve growth, and other
plans and objectives for the future operations of Whiting and
the trust are forward-looking statements. Such statements may be
influenced by factors that could cause actual outcomes and
results to differ materially from those projected.
Forward-looking statements are subject to risks and
uncertainties and include statements made in this prospectus
under Projected Cash Distributions, statements
pertaining to operational activities and costs, and other
statements in this prospectus that are prospective and
constitute forward-looking statements.
When used in this document, the words believes,
expects, anticipates,
projects, intends or similar expressions
are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. The
following important factors, in addition to those discussed
elsewhere in this prospectus, could affect the future results of
the energy industry in general, and Whiting and the trust in
particular, and could cause actual results to differ materially
from those expressed in such forward-looking statements:
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the effect of changes in commodity prices and conditions in the
capital markets;
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uncertainty of estimates of oil and natural gas reserves and
production;
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|
risks incident to the operation of oil and natural gas wells;
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future production costs;
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the inability to access oil and natural gas markets due to
market conditions or operational impediments;
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failure of the underlying properties to yield oil or natural gas
in commercially viable quantities;
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|
the effect of existing and future laws and regulatory actions;
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|
competition from others in the energy industry;
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risks arising out of the hedge contracts; and
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inflation.
|
This prospectus describes other important factors that could
cause actual results to differ materially from expectations of
Whiting and the trust, including under the heading Risk
Factors. All written and oral forward-looking statements
attributable to Whiting or the trust or persons acting on behalf
of Whiting or the trust are expressly qualified in their
entirety by such factors.
28
Prior to the closing of this offering, Whiting Petroleum
Corporations wholly-owned subsidiaries, Whiting Oil and
Gas Corporation and Equity Oil Company, will convey the net
profits interest to the trust in consideration for the issuance
by the trust
of
trust units, which will be distributed as a dividend to Whiting
Petroleum Corporation. Whiting will pay underwriting discounts
and expenses of approximately
$ million associated with
this offering and will receive all net proceeds from the
offering. The estimated net proceeds to Whiting will be
approximately $ million,
assuming an offering price of $
per trust unit, and will increase to approximately
$ million if the underwriters
exercise their option to purchase additional trust units in
full. Whiting intends to use the net proceeds from this offering
to repay a portion of the debt outstanding under its credit
agreement. Borrowings under its credit agreement had a weighted
average interest rate of 6.4% as of September 30, 2007 and
mature in August 2010.
29
The trust is a statutory trust created under the Delaware
Statutory Trust Act in October 2007. The business and
affairs of the trust will be managed by The Bank of New York
Trust Company, N.A., as trustee. Whiting has no ability to
manage or influence the operations of the trust. In addition,
Wilmington Trust Company will act as Delaware trustee of
the trust. The Delaware trustee will have only minimal rights
and duties as are necessary to satisfy the requirements of the
Delaware Statutory Trust Act. In connection with the
completion of this offering, Whiting Petroleum
Corporations wholly-owned subsidiaries, Whiting Oil and
Gas Corporation and Equity Oil Company, will convey the net
profits interest to the trust in consideration for the issuance
by the trust
of
trust units, which will be distributed as a dividend to Whiting
Petroleum Corporation. The first quarterly distribution is
expected to be made on or prior to February 29, 2008 to
trust unitholders owning trust units on February 19, 2008.
The trusts first quarterly distribution will consist of an
amount in cash paid by Whiting equal to the amount that would
have been payable to the trust had the net profits interest been
in effect during the period from October 1, 2007 through
December 31, 2007. The trusts second quarterly
distribution will consist of an amount in cash paid by Whiting
equal to the amount that would have been payable to the trust
had the net profits interest been in effect during the period
from January 1, 2008 through the day prior to close of this
offering plus the amount payable under the net profits interest
for the period from the day of closing of the offering through
March 31, 2008.
The trustee can authorize the trust to borrow money to pay trust
administrative or incidental expenses that exceed cash held by
the trust. The trustee may authorize the trust to borrow from
the trustee as a lender provided the terms of the loan are fair
to the trust unitholders. The trustee may also deposit funds
awaiting distribution in an account with itself, if the interest
paid to the trust at least equals amounts paid by the trustee on
similar deposits, and make other short-term investments with the
funds distributed to the trust.
The trust will pay the trustee an administrative fee of $160,000
per year. The trust will pay the Delaware trustee a fee of
$3,500 per year. The trust will also incur legal, accounting,
tax and engineering fees, printing costs and other expenses that
are deducted by the trust before distributions are made to trust
unitholders. Total administrative expenses of the trust for 2008
are expected to be approximately $900,000, including the
administrative services fee payable to Whiting.
The net profits interest will terminate at the time when 9.04
MMBOE have been produced from the underlying properties and sold
(which amount is the equivalent of 8.14 MMBOE in respect of
the trusts right to receive 90% of the net proceeds from
such reserves pursuant to the net profits interest), and the
trust will soon thereafter wind up its affairs and terminate.
Administrative
Services Agreement
In connection with the closing of this offering, the trust has
entered into an administrative services agreement with Whiting
that obligates the trust, throughout the term of the trust, to
pay to Whiting each quarter an administrative services fee for
accounting, bookkeeping and informational services to be
performed by Whiting on behalf of the trust relating to the net
profits interest. The annual fee, payable in equal quarterly
installments, will total $200,000. The administrative services
agreement will terminate upon the termination of the net profits
interest unless earlier terminated by mutual agreement of the
trustee and Whiting.
30
PROJECTED
CASH DISTRIBUTIONS
Immediately prior to the closing of this offering, Whiting will
create the term net profits interest through a conveyance to the
trust of a term net profits interest carved from Whitings
interests in certain oil and natural gas producing properties,
which properties are located primarily in the Rocky Mountains,
Mid-Continent, Permian Basin and Gulf Coast regions of the
United States. The net profits interest will entitle the trust
to receive 90% of the net proceeds from the sale of production
of oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids attributable to the
underlying properties until the time when 9.04 MMBOE have been
produced from the underlying properties and sold (which amount
is the equivalent of 8.14 MMBOE in respect of the
trusts right to receive 90% of the net proceeds from such
reserves pursuant to the net profits interest).
The amount of trust revenues and cash distributions to trust
unitholders will depend on, among other things:
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oil prices and natural gas prices;
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|
the volume of oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids produced
and sold;
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the settlement prices of the hedge contracts;
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property and production taxes;
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production and post-production costs; and
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administrative expenses of the trust.
|
Projected
Cash Distributions
The following table sets forth a projection of cash
distributions on a quarterly and annual basis to holders of
trust units who own trust units as of the record date for the
distribution related to oil, natural gas and natural gas liquid
production for the first quarter of 2008 and continue to own
those trust units through the record date for the cash
distribution payable with respect to oil, natural gas and
natural gas liquid production for the last quarter of 2008. The
table also reflects the methodology for calculating the
projected cash distribution. The cash distribution projections
were prepared by Whiting for each of the four quarters in 2008
and the twelve months ending December 31, 2008, on an
accrual of production basis based on the hypothetical
assumptions that are described in Significant
Assumptions Used to Prepare the Projected Cash
Distributions below. Actual cash distributions will be on
a cash basis and may vary from those presented.
Whiting does not as a matter of course make public
projections as to future sales, earnings, or other results.
However, the management of Whiting has prepared the prospective
financial information set forth below to present the projected
cash distributions to the holders of the trust units based on
the estimates and hypothetical assumptions described below. The
accompanying prospective financial information was not prepared
with a view toward public disclosure or with a view toward
complying with the guidelines established by the American
Institute of Certified Public Accountants with respect to
prospective financial information, but, in the view of
Whitings management, was prepared on a reasonable basis,
reflects the best currently available estimates and judgments,
and presents, to the best of managements knowledge and
belief, the expected course of action and the expected future
financial performance of the net profits interest. However, this
information is not fact and should not be relied upon as being
indicative of future results, and readers of this prospects are
cautioned not to place undue reliance on the prospective
financial information.
Neither Whitings independent auditors, nor any other
independent accountants, have compiled, examined, or performed
any procedures with respect to the prospective financial
information contained herein, nor have they expressed any
opinion or any other form of assurance on such information or
its achievability, and assume no responsibility for, and
disclaim any association with, the prospective financial
information.
31
In the view of Whitings management, the accompanying
unaudited projected financial information was prepared on a
reasonable basis and reflects the best currently available
estimates and judgments of Whiting related to oil, natural gas
and natural gas liquid production, operating expenses and
capital expenses, based on:
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the oil, natural gas and natural gas liquid production estimates
contained in the reserve report; and
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any royalties, lease operating expenses, production and property
taxes, maintenance expenses, postproduction costs and producing
overhead, and payments made and costs with respect to the hedge
contracts for the twelve months ending December 31, 2008.
|
The projected financial information was also based on the
hypothetical assumption that prices for oil, natural gas and
natural gas liquids remain constant during the twelve months
ending December 31, 2008, at a price that equals 80% of the
NYMEX futures prices for oil and natural gas
on ,
2008 plus 20% of the Bloomberg consensus price forecasts
on ,
2008 for oil and natural gas for 2008. The NYMEX futures prices
on ,
2008 were $ per Bbl of oil and
$ per Mcf of natural gas and the
Bloomberg consensus price forecasts were
$ per Bbl of oil and
$ per Mcf of natural gas
on ,
2008, which equals blended prices of
$ per Bbl of oil and
$ Mcf of natural gas. Because
there is no hedge in place or Bloomberg consensus price for
natural gas liquids, Whiting used a hypothetical price equal to
approximately 66% of the price used in the projected cash
distribution table for oil, which is consistent with the
historical pricing realized by Whiting for natural gas liquids
and is the methodology used in the reserve report. These
hypothetical prices were adjusted to take into account
Whitings estimate of the basis differential (based on
location and quality of the production) between published
commodity prices and the prices actually received by Whiting.
Actual prices paid for oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids
expected to be produced from the underlying properties in 2008
will likely differ from these hypothetical prices due to
fluctuations in the prices generally experienced with respect to
the production of oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids, and
such prices may be higher or lower than utilized for purposes of
the projected financial information. For example, the published
average monthly closing NYMEX crude oil spot price per Bbl was
$66.12 for the nine months ended September 30, 2007, with
the monthly closing prices ranging from $54.67 to $79.63 during
such period. See Risk Factors The amounts of
the cash distributions by the trust are subject to fluctuation
as a result of changes in oil, natural gas and natural gas
liquid prices.
Whiting utilized these production estimates, hypothetical oil,
natural gas and natural gas liquid prices and cost estimates in
preparing the projected financial information. This methodology
is consistent with the requirements of the SEC for estimating
oil, natural gas and natural gas liquid reserves and discounted
present value of future net revenues attributable to the net
profits interest, other than the use of the NYMEX futures prices
for oil and natural gas
on ,
2008 and Bloomberg consensus price forecasts rather than the use
of constant prices based on the prices in effect at the time of
the reserve estimate as required by the rules and regulations of
the SEC. The actual production amounts, commodity prices and
costs for 2008, however, are not known for certain.
The projections and the estimates and hypothetical assumptions
on which they are based are subject to significant
uncertainties, many of which are beyond the control of Whiting
or the trust. Actual cash distributions to trust unitholders,
therefore, could vary significantly based upon events or
conditions occurring that are different from the events or
conditions assumed to occur for purposes of these projections.
Cash distributions to trust unitholders will be particularly
sensitive to fluctuations in oil, natural gas and natural gas
liquid prices. See Risk Factors The amounts of
the cash distributions by the trust are subject to fluctuation
as a result of changes in oil, natural gas and natural gas
liquid prices and Projected Cash
Distributions Sensitivity of Projected Cash
Distributions to Oil, Natural Gas and Natural Gas Liquid
Production and Prices, which shows projected effects on
cash distributions from hypothetical changes in oil and natural
gas prices. As a result of typical production declines for
oil and natural gas properties, production estimates generally
decrease from year to year, and the projected cash distributions
shown in the table below are not indicative of distributions for
future years. See Sensitivity of Projected Cash
Distributions to Oil, Natural Gas and Natural Gas Liquid
Production and Prices below, which shows projected
32
effects on cash distributions from hypothetical changes in oil
and natural gas production. Because payments to the trust will
be generated by depleting assets and the trust has a finite life
with the production from the underlying properties diminishing
over time, a portion of each distribution will represent a
return of your original investment. Based on the reserve report,
production attributable to the underlying properties is expected
to decline at an average year over year rate of approximately
11% between 2008 and 2017. However, cash distributions to
unitholders may decline at a faster rate than the rate of
production due to fixed and semi-variable costs attributable to
the underlying properties. See Risk Factors
The reserves attributable to the underlying properties are
depleting assets and production from those reserves will
diminish over time. Furthermore, the trust is precluded from
acquiring other oil and natural gas properties or net profits
interests to replace the depleting assets and production.
Projected
Cash Distributions, Based on Oil, Natural Gas and Natural Gas
Liquid
Production in Reserve Report(1)
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Quarter Ending
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Year Ending
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March 31,
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June 30,
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September 30,
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December 31,
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December 31,
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2008
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2008
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2008
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2008
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2008
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(dollars in thousands, except per Bbl, Mcf and trust unit
amounts)
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Underlying properties sales volumes:
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Oil and natural gas liquids (MBbls)
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Natural gas (MMcf)
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Assumed sales price:
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Oil and natural gas liquids (per Bbl)
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$
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$
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$
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$
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$
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Natural gas (per Mcf)
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$
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$
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$
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$
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$
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Calculation of net proceeds:
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Gross proceeds:
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Oil and natural gas liquid sales
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$
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$
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$
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$
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$
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Natural gas sales
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Payments made by Whiting to settle hedge contracts
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Total
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$
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$
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$
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$
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$
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Costs
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Lease operating expenses
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$
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$
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$
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$
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$
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Production and property taxes
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Payments received by Whiting to settle hedge contracts
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Total
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$
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$
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$
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$
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$
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Net proceeds
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$
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|
$
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|
$
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$
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|
$
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Percentage allocable to net profits interest
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90
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%
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90
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%
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90
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%
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90
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%
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90
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%
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Total cash proceeds to trust
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Trust administrative expenses
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Projected cash distribution on trust units
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$
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$
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$
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$
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|
$
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Projected cash distribution per trust unit(2)
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$
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$
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|
$
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|
$
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|
|
$
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Projected amount of cash distribution per trust unit that
represents a return of capital(2)
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$
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$
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$
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|
$
|
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|
|
$
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33
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(1) |
|
The cash distribution projections were prepared by Whiting on an
accrual of production basis based on hypothetical assumptions.
Actual cash distributions will be on a cash basis and may vary
from those presented. For more information about the
hypothetical assumptions made in preparing the table above, see
Significant Assumptions Used to Prepare the
Projected Cash Distributions below. |
|
(2) |
|
Assumes
trust units outstanding. |
Sensitivity
of Projected Cash Distributions to Oil, Natural Gas and Natural
Gas Liquid Production and Prices
The amount of revenues of the trust and cash distributions to
the trust unitholders will be directly dependent on the sales
price for oil, natural gas and natural gas liquid production
sold from the underlying properties, the volumes of oil, natural
gas and natural gas liquids produced attributable to the
underlying properties, payments made under the hedge contracts
and, to some degree, the level of variations in lease operating
expenses and production and property taxes. The tables below
demonstrate the projected effect that hypothetical changes in
the estimated oil and natural gas prices for 2008 and oil and
natural gas production for 2008, as reflected in the reserve
report, could have on cash distributions to the trust
unitholders.
The tables and discussion below sets forth sensitivity analyses
of annual cash distributions per trust unit for the twelve
months ending December 31, 2008, on the accrual basis, on
the assumption that a trust unitholder purchased a trust unit on
January 1, 2008, and held such trust unit until the
quarterly record date for distributions made with respect to
oil, natural gas and natural gas liquid production in the last
quarter of 2008, based upon (1) the assumption that a total
of
trust units are issued and outstanding after the closing of the
offering made hereby; (2) an assumed purchase price of
$ per trust unit; (3) various
realizations of production levels estimated in the reserve
report; (4) the hypothetical commodity prices based upon
the NYMEX futures prices for oil and natural gas
on ,
2008 and Bloomberg consensus price forecasts for oil and natural
gas
on ,
2008; (5) the impact of the hedge contracts entered into by
Whiting that relate to production from the underlying
properties; and (6) other assumptions described below under
Significant Assumptions Used to Prepare the
Projected Cash Distributions. The hypothetical commodity
prices of oil, natural gas and natural gas liquid production
shown have been chosen solely for illustrative purposes. For a
description of the effect of calculating annual cash
distributions on an accrual basis rather than on a cash basis as
prescribed in the conveyance of the net profits interest, see
Significant Assumptions Used to Prepare the
Projected Cash Distributions Timing of Actual
Distributions.
The tables below are not a projection or forecast of the
actual or estimated results from an investment in the trust
units. The purpose of the tables below is to illustrate the
sensitivity of cash distributions to changes in oil and natural
gas production levels and changes in oil and natural gas prices.
There is no assurance that the hypothetical assumptions
described below will actually occur or that production or price
levels will not change by amounts different from those shown in
the tables.
Whiting has entered into certain hedge contracts related to the
oil and natural gas production from the underlying properties
for the period from January 1, 2008 through
December 31, 2012. These hedge contracts are costless
collar arrangements that hedge approximately 80% of the
anticipated production attributable to the underlying properties
at prices ranging from $ to
$ per Bbl of oil and at prices
ranging from $ to
$ per Mcf of natural gas. Whiting
will not enter into any hedge contracts related to production
from the underlying properties for periods after 2012 and,
therefore, cash distributions for those periods are expected to
fluctuate significantly as a result of changes in oil and
natural gas prices after that time. See Risk Factors
for a discussion of various items that could impact production
levels and the prices of oil and natural gas.
34
The purpose of the table below is to illustrate the sensitivity
of cash distributions to changes in oil and natural gas
production levels, excluding the impact of any price differences
for production of oil and natural gas from the prices
forecasted. The table below is not a projection or forecast of
the actual or estimated results from an investment in the trust
units.
Sensitivity
of Total 2008 Projected Cash Distributions Per Trust Unit
to Changes in Natural Gas
and Oil Production
|
|
|
|
|
Percentage of 2008
|
|
Total 2008 Projected
|
|
Estimated Oil and
|
|
Cash Distributions
|
|
Natural Gas Production(1)
|
|
Per Trust Unit
|
|
|
90%
|
|
$
|
|
|
95%
|
|
$
|
|
|
100%
|
|
$
|
|
|
105%
|
|
$
|
|
|
110%
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Estimated production is based on the reserve report and the
sensitivity analysis assumes that oil and natural gas production
will continue to represent the same percentage of total
production as estimated for 2008 in the reserve report. |
The purpose of the table below is to illustrate the sensitivity
of cash distributions to changes in oil and natural gas prices,
excluding the impact of any differences in the amount of
production of oil and natural gas as estimated in the reserve
report. The table below is not a projection or forecast of the
actual or estimated results from an investment in the trust
units.
Sensitivity
of Total 2008 Projected Cash Distributions Per Trust Unit
to Changes in Natural Gas
and Oil Prices
|
|
|
|
|
Percentage of 2008
|
|
Total 2008 Projected
|
|
Estimated Oil and
|
|
Cash Distributions
|
|
Natural Gas Price(1)
|
|
Per Trust Unit
|
|
|
90%
|
|
$
|
|
|
95%
|
|
$
|
|
|
100%
|
|
$
|
|
|
105%
|
|
$
|
|
|
110%
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Estimated prices are based on a price that equals 80% of the
NYMEX futures prices for oil and natural gas
on ,
2008 plus 20% of the Bloomberg consensus price forecasts
on ,
2008 for oil and natural gas for 2008. The NYMEX futures prices
on ,
2008 were $ per Bbl of oil and
$ per Mcf of natural gas and the
Bloomberg consensus price forecasts were
$ per Bbl of oil and
$ per Mcf of natural gas
on ,
2008, which equals blended prices of
$ per Bbl of oil and
$ per Mcf of natural gas. |
Significant
Assumptions Used to Prepare the Projected Cash
Distributions
Timing of Actual Distributions. In preparing
the projected cash distributions and sensitivity analysis above,
the revenues and expenses of the trust were calculated based on
the terms of the conveyance creating the trusts net
profits interest. These calculations are described under
Computation of Net Proceeds Net Profits
Interest, except that amounts for the projection and table
above were calculated on an accrual of production basis rather
than the cash basis prescribed by the conveyance. As a result of
cash basis, the proceeds for production for a portion of the
three months ended December 31, 2007 will actually enter
into the calculation of net proceeds to be received by the trust
in 2008. Net proceeds from production during the three months
ended December 31, 2007, will in fact be distributed to the
trust in 2008.
35
Production Estimates. Production estimates for
2008 are based on the reserve report. The reserve report assumed
constant prices at September 30, 2007, based on a crude oil
price of $81.66 ($73.46 field adjusted) per Bbl, a natural gas
price of $6.15 ($5.90 field adjusted) per Mcf and the natural
gas liquid price of $47.82 per Bbl. Production from the
underlying properties for 2008 is estimated to be
791.6 MBbls of oil, 3,316.1 MMcf of natural gas and
45.1 MBbls of natural gas liquids. See Oil,
Natural Gas and Natural Gas Liquid Prices below for a
description of changes in production due to price variations.
Net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2007, on
an accrual basis, were 667.1 MBbls of oil,
3,328.5 MMcf of natural gas and 49.5 MBbl of natural
gas liquids. Net sales for the year ended December 31,
2006, on an accrual basis, were 891.0 MBbls of oil,
5,056.7 MMcf of natural gas and 55.4 MBbls of natural
gas liquids. The projected decrease in estimated production for
the projected period is primarily the result of normal
production decline. Whiting expects annual production
attributable to the underlying properties to decline at an
average year over year rate of approximately 11% between 2008
and 2017. Differing levels of production will result in
different levels of distributions and cash returns.
Oil, Natural Gas and Natural Gas Liquid
Prices. Hypothetical oil and natural gas prices
assumed in the projected cash distribution table are based on
the NYMEX futures prices for oil and natural gas
on ,
2008 and Bloomberg consensus price forecasts for oil and natural
gas
on ,
2008. Published NYMEX benchmark prices for crude oil are based
upon an assumed light, sweet crude oil of a particular gravity
that is stored in Cushing, Oklahoma while published NYMEX
benchmark prices for natural gas are based upon delivery at the
Henry Hub in Louisiana. These prices differ from the average or
actual price received for production attributable to the
underlying properties. Differentials between published oil and
natural gas prices and the prices actually received for the oil
and natural gas production may vary significantly due to market
conditions, transportation costs and other factors.
In the above tables, $8.23 per Bbl is deducted from the assumed
sales price for crude oil in 2008 to reflect these
differentials, which is the assumed differential used in the
reserve report. This deduction is based on Whitings
estimate of the average difference between the NYMEX published
price of crude oil and the price to be received by Whiting for
production attributable to the underlying properties during
2008. The average difference between the NYMEX published price
of crude oil and the price received by Whiting for oil
production attributable to the underlying properties during the
nine months ended September 30, 2007 was $7.33 per Bbl. Pro
forma average oil prices appearing in this prospectus have been
adjusted for these differentials. Because there is no hedge in
place or Bloomberg consensus price for natural gas liquids,
Whiting used a hypothetical price equal to approximately 66% of
the hypothetical price used in the projected cash distribution
table for oil, which is consistent with the historical pricing
realized by Whiting for natural gas liquids and is the
methodology used in the reserve report.
In the cash distribution table, $0.60 per Mcf is deducted from
the assumed sales price for natural gas in 2008 to reflect these
differentials, which is the average difference between the NYMEX
published price of natural gas and the price received by Whiting
for natural gas production attributable to the underlying
properties during the nine months ended September 30, 2007.
This deduction is based on Whitings estimate of the
average difference between the NYMEX published price of natural
gas and the price to be received by Whiting for production
attributable to the underlying properties during 2008.
The adjustments to published oil, natural gas and natural gas
liquid prices applied in the above projected cash distribution
estimate are based upon an analysis by Whiting of the historic
price differentials for production from the underlying
properties with consideration given to gravity, quality and
transportation and marketing costs that may affect these
differentials in 2008. There is no assurance that these assumed
differentials will occur in 2008.
When oil, natural gas and natural gas liquid prices decline, the
operators of the underlying properties may elect to reduce or
completely suspend production. No adjustments have been made to
estimated 2008 production to reflect potential reductions or
suspensions of production.
Settlement of Hedge Contracts. The projected
cash proceeds to the trust includes the impact of payments that
would be made to settle the hedge contracts in 2008 based upon
the hypothetical oil prices assumed in the
36
projected cash distribution table. In addition, the cash
distribution table includes the impact of the amounts payable to
Whiting from hedge contract counterparties upon settlements of
the hedge contracts. Whiting has entered into costless collar
arrangements with respect to $
Bbls of oil and $ Mcf of natural
gas expected to be produced from the underlying properties
during 2008 at a weighted average price per Bbl of
$ and per Mcf of
$ , respectively.
Costs. For 2008, Whiting estimates lease
operating expenses to be
$ million and production and
property taxes to be
$ million. For the nine
months ended September 30, 2007, lease operating expenses
were $17.0 million and production taxes were
$4.4 million. For a description of production expenses, see
Computation of Net Proceeds Net Profits
Interest. Whiting expects its costs in 2008 to be
substantially the same as its expected costs in 2007.
Administrative Expense. Trust administrative
expense for 2008 is assumed to be $900,000. See The
Trust.
37
THE
UNDERLYING PROPERTIES
The underlying properties consist of Whitings net
interests in certain oil and natural gas producing properties as
of the date of the conveyance of the net profits interest to the
trust, which properties are located primarily in the Rocky
Mountains, Mid-Continent, Permian Basin and Gulf Coast regions
of the United States. The underlying properties include
interests in approximately 3,000 producing oil and natural gas
wells located in 173 fields on 195,616 gross acres in
14 states. Whiting has acquired interests in these
properties through various acquisitions that have occurred
during its 27 year existence. For the month ended
September 30, 2007, the average daily net production from
these properties was 4,508 BOE, which equates to 4,057 BOE to
the net profits interest. Whiting operates approximately 60.6%
of the underlying properties based on the pre-tax PV10% value.
Whitings interests in the oil and natural gas properties
comprising the underlying properties require Whiting to bear its
proportionate share, along with the other working interest
owners, of the costs of development and operation of such
properties. Many of the properties comprising the underlying
properties that are operated by Whiting are burdened by
non-working interests owned by third parties, consisting
primarily of royalty interests retained by the owners of the
land subject to the working interests. These landowners
royalty interests typically entitle the landowner to receive at
least 12.5% of the revenue derived from oil and natural gas
production resulting from wells drilled on the landowners
land, without any deduction for drilling costs or other costs
related to production of oil and natural gas. A working interest
percentage represents a working interest owners
proportionate ownership interest in a property in relation to
all other working interest owners in that property, whereas a
net revenue interest percentage is a working interest
owners percentage of production after reducing such
percentage by the percentage of burdens on such production such
as royalties and overriding royalties.
As of September 30, 2007, proved reserves attributable to
the underlying properties, as estimated in the reserve report,
were approximately 13.18 MMBOE with a pre-tax PV10% value
of $243.5 million. The net profits interest entitles the
trust to receive 90% of the net proceeds from the sale of
production of 9.04 MMBOE of proved reserves. The 9.04 MMBOE
represents the proved reserves attributable to the underlying
properties that the reserve report projects to be produced by
December 31, 2017. However, the exact rate of production
cannot be predicted with certainty and such amount may be
produced before or after that date. The reserves attributable to
the underlying properties include all reserves expected to be
economically produced during the life of the properties, whereas
the trust is entitled to only receive 90% of the net proceeds
from the sale of production of oil, natural gas and natural gas
liquids attributable to the underlying properties during the
term of the net profits interest.
Whitings interest in the underlying properties after
deducting the net profits interest entitles it to 10% of the net
proceeds from the sale of production of oil, natural gas and
natural gas liquids attributable to the underlying properties
during the term of the net profits interest and all of the net
proceeds thereafter. The trust units retained by Whiting, which
represent 21.7% of the trust units following the closing of this
offering, assuming no exercise of the underwriters option
to purchase additional trust units, are subject to
lock-up
arrangements. See Trust Units Eligible for Future
Sale
Lock-up
Agreements. Whiting believes that its retained ownership
interests in the underlying properties and its ownership of
trust units, which together entitle Whiting to receive
approximately 29.5% of the net proceeds from the underlying
properties, assuming no exercise of the underwriters
option to purchase additional trust units, will provide
incentive to operate (or cause to be operated) the underlying
properties in an efficient and cost-effective manner. In
addition, Whiting has agreed to operate these properties as a
reasonably prudent operator in the same manner that it would
operate if these properties were not burdened by the net profits
interest and Whiting has agreed to use commercially reasonable
efforts to cause the other operators to operate these properties
in the same manner.
In general, the producing wells to which the underlying
properties relate have established production profiles. Based on
the reserve report, annual production from the underlying
properties is expected to decline at an average year over year
rate of approximately 11% from 2008 through 2017. However, cash
distributions to unitholders may decline at a faster rate than
the rate of production due to fixed and semi-variable costs
attributable to the underlying properties.
38
Historical
Results of the Underlying Properties
The following table sets forth revenues, direct operating
expenses and the excess of revenues over direct operating
expenses relating to the underlying properties for the three
years in the period ended December 31, 2006, and for the
nine-month periods ended September 30, 2006 and 2007,
derived from the underlying properties audited and
unaudited statements of historical revenues and direct operating
expenses included elsewhere in this prospectus. The unaudited
statements were prepared on a basis consistent with the audited
statements and, in the opinion of Whiting, include all
adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments)
necessary to present fairly the revenues, direct operating
expenses and the excess of revenues over direct operating
expenses relating to the underlying properties for the periods
presented. The historical financial information includes the
results of acquisitions beginning on the following dates: Equity
Oil Company, July 20, 2004; Permian Basin Properties,
September 23, 2004; Institutional Partnership Interests,
June 23, 2005; Celero Energy, LP, October 4, 2005; and
Howard Energy, August 3, 2006.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine months ended
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31,
|
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
|
2004
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Unaudited)
|
|
|
(Unaudited)
|
|
|
Revenues:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil sales
|
|
$
|
30,539,666
|
|
|
$
|
43,498,823
|
|
|
$
|
53,232,066
|
|
|
$
|
41,058,591
|
|
|
$
|
41,148,501
|
|
Natural gas sales
|
|
|
23,460,243
|
|
|
|
36,135,271
|
|
|
|
31,397,455
|
|
|
|
24,193,531
|
|
|
|
20,736,595
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues
|
|
|
53,999,909
|
|
|
|
79,634,094
|
|
|
|
84,629,521
|
|
|
|
65,252,122
|
|
|
|
61,885,096
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Direct operating expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lease operating
|
|
|
10,854,433
|
|
|
|
16,180,693
|
|
|
|
21,912,702
|
|
|
|
15,687,225
|
|
|
|
16,952,622
|
|
Production tax
|
|
|
3,954,703
|
|
|
|
5,602,452
|
|
|
|
6,006,308
|
|
|
|
4,621,121
|
|
|
|
4,365,517
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total direct operating expenses
|
|
|
14,809,136
|
|
|
|
21,783,145
|
|
|
|
27,919,010
|
|
|
|
20,308,346
|
|
|
|
21,318,139
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Excess of revenues over direct operating expenses
|
|
$
|
39,190,773
|
|
|
$
|
57,850,949
|
|
|
$
|
56,710,511
|
|
|
$
|
44,943,776
|
|
|
$
|
40,566,957
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The following table provides oil and natural gas sales volumes,
average sales prices and capital expenditures relating to the
underlying properties for the three years in the period ended
December 31, 2006, and for the nine-month periods ended
September 30, 2006 and 2007. Sales volumes for natural gas
liquids are included with oil sales since they were not
material. There were no hedges or other derivative activity
attributable to the underlying properties during such periods.
The historical financial information includes the results of
acquisitions beginning on the following dates: Equity Oil
Company, July 20, 2004; Permian Basin Properties,
September 23, 2004; Institutional Partnership Interests,
June 23, 2005; Celero Energy, LP, October 4, 2005; and
Howard Energy, August 3, 2006.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine months ended
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31,
|
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
|
2004
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
Operating data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net production:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil (MBbls)
|
|
|
827
|
|
|
|
893
|
|
|
|
946
|
|
|
|
704
|
|
|
|
717
|
|
Natural gas (MMcf)
|
|
|
4,268
|
|
|
|
5,082
|
|
|
|
5,057
|
|
|
|
3,838
|
|
|
|
3,328
|
|
Total production (MBOE)
|
|
|
1,538
|
|
|
|
1,740
|
|
|
|
1,789
|
|
|
|
1,344
|
|
|
|
1,271
|
|
Oil (per Bbl)
|
|
$
|
36.95
|
|
|
$
|
48.72
|
|
|
$
|
56.24
|
|
|
$
|
58.32
|
|
|
$
|
57.42
|
|
Natural gas (per Mcf)
|
|
$
|
5.50
|
|
|
$
|
7.11
|
|
|
$
|
6.21
|
|
|
$
|
6.30
|
|
|
$
|
6.23
|
|
Drilling and development capital expenditures
(in thousands)(1):
|
|
$
|
6,396
|
|
|
$
|
6,453
|
|
|
$
|
10,036
|
|
|
$
|
6,908
|
|
|
$
|
5,280
|
|
39
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Whiting cannot provide any assurance that future capital
expenditures will be consistent with historical levels. |
Discussion
and Analysis of Historical Results of the Underlying
Properties
Comparison
of Results of the Underlying Properties for the Nine Months
Ended September 30, 2007 and 2006
Revenues. Oil and natural gas sales revenue
decreased $3.4 million to $61.9 million in the first
nine months of 2007 compared to the first nine months of 2006.
Sales are a function of volumes sold and average sales prices.
Oil sales volumes increased 2% primarily due to the acquisition
of Howard Energy in August of 2006, while gas sales volumes
decreased 13% between periods primarily due to normal field
production decline. Average price for oil decreased 2% and its
average price for natural gas decreased 1% between periods.
Lease Operating Expenses. Lease operating
expenses increased $1.3 million to $17.0 million in
the first nine months of 2007 compared to the first nine months
of 2006 primarily due to the acquisition of Howard Energy in
August of 2006. Lease operating expense as a percentage of oil
and gas sales increased from 24% during the first nine months of
2006 to 27% during the first nine months of 2007. Lease
operating expenses per BOE increased from $11.67 during the
first nine months of 2006 to $13.33 during the first nine months
of 2007. The increase of 14% on a BOE basis was primarily caused
by inflation in the cost of oil field goods and services. The
cost of oil field goods and services increased due to a higher
demand in the industry.
Production Taxes. Production taxes are
generally calculated as a percentage of oil and gas sales
revenue. All credits and exemptions allowed in the various
taxing jurisdictions are fully utilized. Production taxes for
the first nine months of 2007 and 2006 were 7.1% of oil and gas
sales.
Excess of Revenues Over Direct Operating
Expenses. Excess of revenues over direct
operating expenses decreased from $44.9 million during the
first nine months of 2006 to $40.6 million during the first
nine months of 2007. The primary reasons for this decrease
included a 5% decrease in equivalent volumes sold, a 2% decrease
in oil prices and a 1% decrease in gas prices between periods,
and higher lease operating expense. The decreased production and
pricing and increased lease operating expenses were partially
offset by lower production taxes in the first nine months of
2007.
Comparison
of Results of the Underlying Properties for the Year Ended
December 31, 2006 Compared to Year Ended December 31,
2005
Revenues. Oil and natural gas sales revenue
increased $5.0 million to $84.6 million in 2006
compared to 2005. Sales are a function of volumes sold and
average sales prices. Oil sales volumes increased 6% primarily
due to new property acquisitions during 2005 and 2006 and gas
sales volumes decreased slightly between periods. Average price
for oil increased 15% and its average price for natural gas
decreased 13% between periods.
Lease Operating Expenses. Lease operating
expense increased $5.7 million to $21.9 million in
2006 compared to 2005. The increase resulted primarily from
costs associated with new property acquisitions during 2005 and
2006 and successful drilling activities over the past year.
Lease operating expense as a percentage of oil and gas sales
increased from 20% during 2005 to 26% during 2006, and lease
operating expenses per BOE increased from $9.30 during 2005 to
$12.25 during 2006. The increase of 32% on a BOE basis was
primarily caused by inflation in the cost of oil field goods and
services, a high level of workover activity and higher energy
costs. Oil field goods and services increased due to a higher
demand in the industry. Workovers amounted to $1.7 million
in 2006, as compared to $0.7 million of workover activity
during 2005.
Production Taxes. Production taxes are
generally calculated as a percentage of oil and gas sales
revenue. All credits and exemptions allowed in the various
taxing jurisdictions are fully utilized. Production taxes for
2006 and 2005 were 7.1% and 7.0%, respectively, of oil and gas
sales.
40
Excess of Revenues Over Direct Operating
Expenses. Excess of revenues over direct
operating expenses decreased from $57.9 million in 2005 to
$56.7 million for 2006. The primary reasons for this
decrease included higher lease operating expenses and production
taxes in 2006 resulting from continued growth, partially offset
by a 3% increase in total production.
Comparison
of Results of the Underlying Properties for the Year Ended
December 31, 2005 Compared to Year Ended December 31,
2004
Revenues. Oil and natural gas sales revenue
increased $25.6 million to $79.6 million in 2005 as
compared to 2004. Sales are a function of volumes sold and
average sales prices. Oil sales volumes increased 8% primarily
due to recent acquisitions, and its gas sales volumes decreased
19% between periods primarily due to normal field production
decline. Average price for crude oil increased 32% between
periods and the average price for natural gas sales increased
29%.
Lease Operating Expenses. Lease operating
expense increased $5.3 million to $16.2 million in
2005 compared to 2004. The increase resulted primarily from new
property acquisitions during 2004 and 2005. Lease operating
expenses per BOE increased from $7.06 during 2004 to $9.30
during 2005. The increase of 32% on a BOE basis was mainly
caused by higher costs for electric power and increases in the
cost of oil field goods and services due to higher demand in the
industry.
Production Taxes. Production taxes are
generally calculated as a percentage of oil and gas sales
revenue. All credits and exemptions allowed by the various
taxing jurisdictions are fully utilized. Production taxes for
2005 and 2004 were 7.0% and 7.3%, respectively, of oil and gas
sales.
Excess of Revenues Over Direct Operating
Expenses. Excess of revenues over direct
operating expenses increased from $39.2 million during 2004
to $57.9 million during 2005. The primary reasons for this
increase included 30% higher realized price between periods and
a 13% increase in equivalent volumes sold, which were partially
offset by higher lease operating expenses and production taxes
in 2005 resulting from continued growth.
Hedge
Contracts
The revenues derived from the underlying properties depend
substantially on prevailing crude oil, natural gas and natural
gas liquid prices. As a result, commodity prices also affect the
amount of cash flow available for distribution to the trust
unitholders. Lower prices may also reduce the amount of oil,
natural gas and natural gas liquids that Whiting can
economically produce. Whiting sells the oil, natural gas and
natural gas liquid production from the underlying properties
under floating market price contracts each month. Whiting has
entered into the hedge contracts to reduce the exposure of the
revenues from oil and natural gas production from the underlying
properties from January 1, 2008 through December 31,
2012 to fluctuations in crude oil and natural gas prices and to
achieve more predictable cash flow. However, these contracts
limit the amount of cash available for distribution if prices
increase. The hedge contracts consist of costless collar
arrangements that will be placed with major trading
counterparties who Whiting believes represent minimal credit
risks. Whiting cannot provide assurance, however, that these
trading counterparties will not become credit risks in the
future.
The costless collar arrangements will settle based on the
average of the settlement price for each commodity business day
in the contract period. In a collar arrangement, the
counterparty is required to make a payment to Whiting for the
difference between the fixed floor price and the settlement
price if the settlement price is below the fixed floor price.
Whiting is required to make a payment to the counterparty for
the difference between the fixed ceiling price and the
settlement price if the settlement price is above the fixed
41
ceiling price. From January 1, 2008 through
December 31, 2012, Whitings crude oil and natural gas
price risk management positions in collar arrangements are as
follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil Collars
|
|
|
Natural Gas Collars
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weight Average
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted Average
|
|
|
|
Volumes
|
|
|
Price (per Bbl)
|
|
|
Volumes
|
|
|
Price (Per Mcf)
|
|
|
|
(Bbls)
|
|
|
Floor
|
|
|
Ceiling
|
|
|
(Mcf)
|
|
|
Floor
|
|
|
Ceiling
|
|
|
Year Ending December 31, 2008
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
Year Ending December 31, 2009
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
Year Ending December 31, 2010
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
Year Ending December 31, 2011
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
Year Ending December 31, 2012
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
The amounts received by Whiting from hedge contract
counterparties upon settlements of the hedge contracts will
reduce the operating expenses related to the underlying
properties in calculating the net proceeds. However, if the
hedge payments received by Whiting under the hedge contracts and
other non-production revenue exceed operating expenses during a
quarterly period, the ability to use such excess amounts to
offset operating expenses will be deferred, with interest
accruing on such amounts at the prevailing money market rate,
until the next quarterly period where the hedge payments and the
other non-production revenue are less than such expenses. In
addition, the aggregate amounts paid by Whiting on settlement of
the hedge contracts will reduce the amount of net proceeds paid
to the trust. See Computation of Net Proceeds
Net Profits Interest.
Producing
Acreage and Well Counts
For the following data, gross refers to the total
wells or acres in the oil and natural gas properties in which
Whiting owns a working interest and net refers to
gross wells or acres multiplied by the percentage working
interest owned by Whiting. Although many of Whitings wells
produce both oil and natural gas, a well is categorized as an
oil well or a natural gas well based upon the ratio of oil to
natural gas production.
The underlying properties are interests in developed properties
located in oil and natural gas producing regions outlined in the
chart below. The following is a summary of the approximate
acreage of these properties at September 30, 2007.
Undeveloped acreage is not significant.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross
|
|
|
Net
|
|
|
|
(acres)
|
|
|
Rocky Mountains
|
|
|
85,844
|
|
|
|
38,334
|
|
Mid-Continent
|
|
|
57,943
|
|
|
|
26,708
|
|
Permian Basin
|
|
|
23,974
|
|
|
|
8,090
|
|
Gulf Coast
|
|
|
27,855
|
|
|
|
5,133
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
195,616
|
|
|
|
78,265
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The following is a summary of the producing wells on the
underlying properties as of September 30, 2007:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operated Wells
|
|
|
Non-Operated Wells
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
|
Gross
|
|
|
Net
|
|
|
Gross
|
|
|
Net
|
|
|
Gross
|
|
|
Net
|
|
|
Oil
|
|
|
284
|
|
|
|
179.3
|
|
|
|
2,071
|
|
|
|
82.0
|
|
|
|
2,355
|
|
|
|
261.3
|
|
Natural gas
|
|
|
89
|
|
|
|
63.8
|
|
|
|
564
|
|
|
|
56.5
|
|
|
|
653
|
|
|
|
120.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
373
|
|
|
|
243.1
|
|
|
|
2,635
|
|
|
|
138.5
|
|
|
|
3,008
|
|
|
|
381.6
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The following is a summary of the number of developmental wells
drilled by Whiting on the underlying properties during the last
three years. Whiting did not drill any exploratory wells during
the periods presented.
42
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2004
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
|
Gross
|
|
|
Net
|
|
|
Gross
|
|
|
Net
|
|
|
Gross
|
|
|
Net
|
|
|
Completed
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil wells
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
0.6
|
|
|
|
2
|
|
|
|
0.3
|
|
|
|
18
|
|
|
|
2.1
|
|
Natural gas wells
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
1.1
|
|
|
|
6
|
|
|
|
2.0
|
|
|
|
12
|
|
|
|
1.8
|
|
Non-productive
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
0.0
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
0.0
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
0.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
7
|
|
|
|
1.7
|
|
|
|
8
|
|
|
|
2.3
|
|
|
|
30
|
|
|
|
3.9
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The following table shows the average sales prices per Bbl of
oil and Mcf of natural gas produced and the production costs and
production and property taxes per BOE for the underlying
properties. Sales volumes for natural gas liquids during the
periods presented were not significant. There were no hedges or
other derivative activity attributable to the underlying
properties during such periods.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended December 31,
|
|
|
|
2004
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
Average sales prices:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil (MBbls)
|
|
$
|
36.95
|
|
|
$
|
48.72
|
|
|
$
|
56.24
|
|
Natural gas (MMcf)
|
|
$
|
5.50
|
|
|
$
|
7.11
|
|
|
$
|
6.21
|
|
Lease operating expense per BOE
|
|
$
|
7.06
|
|
|
$
|
9.30
|
|
|
$
|
12.25
|
|
Production tax per BOE
|
|
$
|
2.57
|
|
|
$
|
3.22
|
|
|
$
|
3.36
|
|
Major
Producing Areas
The following table summarizes the estimated proved reserves by
region and by the major fields within each region attributable
to the net profits interest according to the reserve report, the
corresponding pre-tax PV10% value as of September 30, 2007
and the average daily net production attributable to the net
profits interest for the month of September 2007.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proved Reserves(1)
|
|
|
September
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pre-Tax
|
|
|
% of Total
|
|
|
2007 Average
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Natural
|
|
|
|
|
|
% of
|
|
|
PV10%
|
|
|
Pre-Tax
|
|
|
Daily Net
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
|
|
|
Gas
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
Value(2)(3)
|
|
|
PV10%
|
|
|
Production
|
|
Region/Field
|
|
State
|
|
|
(Mbbl)
|
|
|
(MMcf)
|
|
|
(MBOE)(2)
|
|
|
Reserves
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
|
Value
|
|
|
(BOE/d)
|
|
|
Rocky Mountains (65 Fields)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bainville
|
|
|
MT
|
|
|
|
164
|
|
|
|
120
|
|
|
|
184
|
|
|
|
2.3
|
%
|
|
$
|
6.4
|
|
|
|
3.2
|
%
|
|
|
88
|
|
Palomino
|
|
|
MT
|
|
|
|
158
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
158
|
|
|
|
1.9
|
|
|
|
5.8
|
|
|
|
2.9
|
|
|
|
53
|
|
Sage Creek
|
|
|
WY
|
|
|
|
223
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
223
|
|
|
|
2.7
|
|
|
|
6.2
|
|
|
|
3.1
|
|
|
|
83
|
|
Whiskey Joe
|
|
|
ND
|
|
|
|
134
|
|
|
|
66
|
|
|
|
145
|
|
|
|
1.8
|
|
|
|
5.5
|
|
|
|
2.8
|
|
|
|
63
|
|
Bell
|
|
|
ND
|
|
|
|
145
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
145
|
|
|
|
1.8
|
|
|
|
5.2
|
|
|
|
2.6
|
|
|
|
50
|
|
Fryberg
|
|
|
ND
|
|
|
|
159
|
|
|
|
14
|
|
|
|
161
|
|
|
|
2.0
|
|
|
|
4.1
|
|
|
|
2.1
|
|
|
|
109
|
|
Davis Creek
|
|
|
ND
|
|
|
|
149
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
149
|
|
|
|
1.8
|
|
|
|
5.1
|
|
|
|
2.6
|
|
|
|
72
|
|
Kiehl
|
|
|
WY
|
|
|
|
130
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
130
|
|
|
|
1.6
|
|
|
|
3.9
|
|
|
|
2.0
|
|
|
|
49
|
|
Ignacio Blanco
|
|
|
CO
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
615
|
|
|
|
103
|
|
|
|
1.3
|
|
|
|
1.4
|
|
|
|
0.7
|
|
|
|
89
|
|
Other
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,309
|
|
|
|
1,752
|
|
|
|
1,601
|
|
|
|
19.6
|
|
|
|
40.3
|
|
|
|
20.3
|
|
|
|
629
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rocky Mountains Total
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,571
|
|
|
|
2,567
|
|
|
|
2,999
|
|
|
|
36.8
|
%
|
|
$
|
83.9
|
|
|
|
42.3
|
%
|
|
|
1,285
|
|
Mid-Continent (54 Fields)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Magnolia Smackover Pool Unit
|
|
|
AR
|
|
|
|
866
|
|
|
|
1,288
|
|
|
|
1,081
|
|
|
|
13.2
|
%
|
|
$
|
24.8
|
|
|
|
12.5
|
%
|
|
|
406
|
|
Case
|
|
|
MI
|
|
|
|
172
|
|
|
|
127
|
|
|
|
193
|
|
|
|
2.4
|
|
|
|
7.2
|
|
|
|
3.6
|
|
|
|
111
|
|
Putnam
|
|
|
OK
|
|
|
|
78
|
|
|
|
1,154
|
|
|
|
270
|
|
|
|
3.3
|
|
|
|
6.2
|
|
|
|
3.1
|
|
|
|
244
|
|
43
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proved Reserves(1)
|
|
|
September
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pre-Tax
|
|
|
% of Total
|
|
|
2007 Average
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Natural
|
|
|
|
|
|
% of
|
|
|
PV10%
|
|
|
Pre-Tax
|
|
|
Daily Net
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
|
|
|
Gas
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
Value(2)(3)
|
|
|
PV10%
|
|
|
Production
|
|
Region/Field
|
|
State
|
|
|
(Mbbl)
|
|
|
(MMcf)
|
|
|
(MBOE)(2)
|
|
|
Reserves
|
|
|
(In millions)
|
|
|
Value
|
|
|
(BOE/d)
|
|
|
Mocane-Laverne Gas Area
|
|
|
OK
|
|
|
|
10
|
|
|
|
1,694
|
|
|
|
293
|
|
|
|
3.6
|
|
|
|
4.6
|
|
|
|
2.3
|
|
|
|
112
|
|
Sho-Vel-Tum
|
|
|
OK
|
|
|
|
68
|
|
|
|
186
|
|
|
|
99
|
|
|
|
1.2
|
|
|
|
3.2
|
|
|
|
1.6
|
|
|
|
35
|
|
Nobscot Northwest
|
|
|
OK
|
|
|
|
36
|
|
|
|
984
|
|
|
|
200
|
|
|
|
2.5
|
|
|
|
2.6
|
|
|
|
1.3
|
|
|
|
97
|
|
Other
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
329
|
|
|
|
4,867
|
|
|
|
1,140
|
|
|
|
14.0
|
|
|
|
22.1
|
|
|
|
11.2
|
|
|
|
618
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mid-Continent Total
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,559
|
|
|
|
10,300
|
|
|
|
3,276
|
|
|
|
40.2
|
%
|
|
$
|
70.7
|
|
|
|
35.6
|
%
|
|
|
1,623
|
|
Permian Basin (28 Fields)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Iatan East Howard
|
|
|
TX
|
|
|
|
249
|
|
|
|
65
|
|
|
|
259
|
|
|
|
3.2
|
%
|
|
$
|
6.5
|
|
|
|
3.3
|
%
|
|
|
94
|
|
Fullerton
|
|
|
TX
|
|
|
|
172
|
|
|
|
54
|
|
|
|
181
|
|
|
|
2.2
|
|
|
|
5.0
|
|
|
|
2.5
|
|
|
|
83
|
|
Patricia
|
|
|
TX
|
|
|
|
121
|
|
|
|
47
|
|
|
|
129
|
|
|
|
1.6
|
|
|
|
5.0
|
|
|
|
2.5
|
|
|
|
49
|
|
Other
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
295
|
|
|
|
1,826
|
|
|
|
600
|
|
|
|
7.4
|
|
|
|
12.1
|
|
|
|
6.1
|
|
|
|
376
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Permian Basin Total
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
837
|
|
|
|
1,992
|
|
|
|
1,169
|
|
|
|
14.4
|
%
|
|
$
|
28.6
|
|
|
|
14.4
|
%
|
|
|
602
|
|
Gulf Coast (26 Fields)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mestena Grande
|
|
|
TX
|
|
|
|
11
|
|
|
|
632
|
|
|
|
116
|
|
|
|
1.4
|
%
|
|
$
|
2.6
|
|
|
|
1.3
|
%
|
|
|
61
|
|
Other
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
179
|
|
|
|
2,411
|
|
|
|
581
|
|
|
|
7.2
|
|
|
|
12.7
|
|
|
|
6.4
|
|
|
|
486
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gulf Coast Total
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
190
|
|
|
|
3,043
|
|
|
|
697
|
|
|
|
8.6
|
%
|
|
$
|
15.3
|
|
|
|
7.7
|
%
|
|
|
547
|
|
Total
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5,157
|
|
|
|
17,902
|
|
|
|
8,141
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
$
|
198.5
|
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
|
4,057
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
The net profits interest entitles the trust to receive 90% of
the net proceeds from the sale of production of 9.04 MMBOE
from the underlying properties taken as a whole. The allocation
and make up of such reserves among regions is from the reserve
report and may not reflect the actual location and make up from
which reserves will be produced under the net profits interest. |
|
(2) |
|
The total proved reserves attributable to the underlying
properties, as estimated in the reserve report, were
13.18 MMBOE with a pre-tax PV10% value of
$243.5 million, although the net profits interest will
terminate when 9.04 MMBOE have been produced. The amounts in the
table reflect the trusts 90% net profits interest in such
reserves. Proved reserves reflected in the table above for the
net profits interest are based on NYMEX oil and natural gas
prices as of September 30, 2007 of $81.66 per Bbl of oil
and $6.15 per Mcf of natural gas less field transportation,
quality and basis differentials of $8.20 per Bbl of oil and
$0.25 per Mcf of natural gas, resulting in field adjusted prices
of $73.46 per Bbl of oil and $5.90 per Mcf of natural gas. |
|
|
|
(3) |
|
Pre-tax PV10% value may be considered a non-GAAP financial
measure as defined by the SEC and is derived from the
standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows, which
is the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure. Pre-tax
PV10% value is computed on the same basis as the standardized
measure of discounted future net cash flows but without
deducting future income taxes. However, as of September 30,
2007, no provision for federal or state income taxes has been
provided because taxable income is passed through to the
unitholders of the trust. Therefore, the standardized measure of
discounted future net cash flows attributable to the net profits
interest is equal to the pre-tax PV10% value. The pre-tax PV10%
value and the standardized measure of discounted future net cash
flows do not purport to present the fair value of the oil and
natural gas reserves attributable to the net profits interest. |
The underlying properties are located in several major onshore
producing basins in the continental United States. Whiting
believes this broad distribution provides a buffer against
regional trends that may negatively impact production or prices.
Based on the pre-tax PV10% value, approximately 60.6% of these
properties are operated by Whiting, and, as of
September 30, 2007, these properties reserves were
63.3% oil and natural gas liquids and 36.7% natural gas
according to the reserve report. These properties are located in
mature fields
44
and have established production profiles. However production and
distributions to the trust will decline over time.
Rocky Mountains Region. The underlying
properties in the Rocky Mountains region are located in two
distinct areas. The first, from which oil is primarily produced,
includes the Bighorn and Powder River Basins of Wyoming and the
Williston Basin in North Dakota and Montana and the second, from
which natural gas is primarily produced, includes southwest
Wyoming, Colorado and Utah. These properties include 65 fields
of which Whiting operates wells in 33 of these fields. Average
daily net production attributable to the net profits interest
from these properties was 1,285 BOE/d for the month of September
2007 from 677 wells that will be burdened by the net
profits interest. The following table summarizes Whitings
interests in the major fields in this region.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
No. of Wells
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross/
|
|
|
Average
|
|
|
Average Net
|
|
|
|
Operated/
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
|
|
|
Working
|
|
|
Revenue
|
|
Field
|
|
Non-Operated
|
|
Operator
|
|
State
|
|
|
County
|
|
Productive Zones
|
|
Acres
|
|
|
Interest
|
|
|
Interest
|
|
|
Bainville
|
|
3/16
|
|
Whiting and Others
|
|
|
MT
|
|
|
Roosevelt
|
|
Mission Canyon,
Ratcliff, Nisku,
Winnipegosis
|
|
|
5,150/1,010
|
|
|
|
15.7
|
%
|
|
|
12.9
|
%
|
Palomino
|
|
5/0
|
|
Whiting
|
|
|
MT
|
|
|
Roosevelt
|
|
Nisku
|
|
|
880/880
|
|
|
|
54.4
|
%
|
|
|
45.7
|
%
|
Sage Creek
|
|
22/0
|
|
Whiting
|
|
|
WY
|
|
|
Park
|
|
Madison, Tensleep
|
|
|
1,363/488
|
|
|
|
46.1
|
%
|
|
|
39.5
|
%
|
Whiskey Joe
|
|
2/4
|
|
Whiting and Others
|
|
|
ND
|
|
|
Billings
|
|
Madison
|
|
|
7,503/3,071
|
|
|
|
32.5
|
%
|
|
|
26.6
|
%
|
Bell
|
|
1/2
|
|
Whiting and Others
|
|
|
ND
|
|
|
Stark
|
|
Tyler
|
|
|
324/125
|
|
|
|
60.4
|
%
|
|
|
50.6
|
%
|
Fryberg
|
|
0/58
|
|
Hess Corporation
and Others
|
|
|
ND
|
|
|
Billings
|
|
Tyler
|
|
|
6,225/3,427
|
|
|
|
36.8
|
%
|
|
|
30.8
|
%
|
Davis Creek
|
|
8/5
|
|
Whiting and Others
|
|
|
ND
|
|
|
Billings
|
|
Fryberg
|
|
|
9,213/4,316
|
|
|
|
37.6
|
%
|
|
|
31.5
|
%
|
Kiehl
|
|
5/1
|
|
Whiting and Others
|
|
|
WY
|
|
|
Crook
|
|
Minnelusa
|
|
|
359/359
|
|
|
|
29.7
|
%
|
|
|
22.7
|
%
|
Ignacio Blanco
|
|
0/8
|
|
BP Exploration &
Production Inc.
|
|
|
CO
|
|
|
LaPlatta
|
|
Fruitland Coal
|
|
|
680/130
|
|
|
|
19.4
|
%
|
|
|
14.8
|
%
|
Mid-Continent Region. The underlying
properties in the Mid-Continent region are located in Arkansas,
Kansas, Michigan and Oklahoma. These properties include 54
fields of which Whiting operates wells in 30 of these fields.
Average daily net production attributable to the net profits
interest from these properties was 1,623 BOE/d for the month of
September 2007 from 455 wells that will be burdened by the
net profits interest. The following table summarizes
Whitings interests in the major fields in this region.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
No. of Wells
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross/
|
|
|
Average
|
|
|
Average Net
|
|
|
|
Operated/
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
|
|
|
Working
|
|
|
Revenue
|
|
Field
|
|
Non-Operated
|
|
Operator
|
|
State
|
|
|
County
|
|
Productive Zones
|
|
Acres
|
|
|
Interest
|
|
|
Interest
|
|
|
Magnolia Smackover
Pool Unit
|
|
60/0
|
|
Whiting
|
|
|
AR
|
|
|
Columbia
|
|
Smackover
|
|
|
4,503/2,592
|
|
|
|
76.0
|
%
|
|
|
73.9
|
%
|
Case
|
|
5/1
|
|
Whiting
|
|
|
MI
|
|
|
Pesque Isle
|
|
Niagaran
|
|
|
986/946
|
|
|
|
73.3
|
%
|
|
|
61.3
|
%
|
Putnam
|
|
11/7
|
|
Whiting
|
|
|
OK
|
|
|
Dewey
|
|
Oswego,
|
|
|
5,465/2,875
|
|
|
|
43.8
|
%
|
|
|
35.0
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
and Others
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tonkawa,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Morrow,
Red Fork,
Cottage Grove
and Atoka
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mocane-Laverne Gas Area
|
|
17/19
|
|
Whiting
|
|
|
OK
|
|
|
Beaver,
|
|
Morrow
|
|
|
14,837/8,034
|
|
|
|
54.1
|
%
|
|
|
38.7
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
and Others
|
|
|
|
|
|
Harper, Ellis
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sho-Vel-Tum
|
|
0/99
|
|
Keith Walker Oil
|
|
|
OK
|
|
|
Carter
|
|
Hunton,
|
|
|
700/195
|
|
|
|
20.4
|
%
|
|
|
18.8
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
and Gas
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Penn
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nobscot Northwest
|
|
85/0
|
|
Whiting
|
|
|
OK
|
|
|
Dewey,
|
|
Oswego
|
|
|
5,467/2,354
|
|
|
|
53.4
|
%
|
|
|
45.3
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Custer
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Permian Basin Region. The Permian Basin Region
of West Texas and New Mexico is one of the major hydrocarbon
producing provinces in the continental United States. The
underlying properties in the Permian Basin region are located in
Texas and New Mexico. These properties include 28 fields of
which Whiting operates wells in 10 of these fields. Average
daily net production attributable to the net profits interest
from
45
these properties was 602 BOE/d for the month of September 2007
from approximately 1,612 wells that will be burdened by the
net profits interest. The following table summarizes
Whitings interests in the major fields in this region.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
No. of Wells
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross/
|
|
|
Average
|
|
|
Average Net
|
|
|
|
Operated/
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
|
|
|
Working
|
|
|
Revenue
|
|
Field
|
|
Non-Operated
|
|
Operator
|
|
State
|
|
|
County
|
|
Productive Zones
|
|
Acres
|
|
|
Interest
|
|
|
Interest
|
|
|
Iatan East Howard
|
|
0/414
|
|
CrownQuest
Operating, LLC
|
|
|
TX
|
|
|
Howard,
Mitchell
|
|
San Andres,
San Angelo
(Glorieta),
and Clear Fork
|
|
|
3,840/322
|
|
|
|
8.4
|
%
|
|
|
7.0
|
%
|
Fullerton
|
|
10/880
|
|
Exxon Mobil
Corporation and
Whiting
|
|
|
TX
|
|
|
Andrews
|
|
Clear Fork
|
|
|
1,840/1,563
|
|
|
|
60.1
|
%
|
|
|
45.0
|
%
|
Patricia
|
|
5/1
|
|
Whiting
and Others
|
|
|
TX
|
|
|
Dawson
|
|
Fusselman and
Sprayberry
|
|
|
1,417/ 1,337
|
|
|
|
66.7
|
%
|
|
|
54.3
|
%
|
Gulf Coast Region. The underlying properties
in the Gulf Coast region are located in Texas, Louisiana,
Mississippi and Alabama. These properties include 26 onshore
fields of which Whiting operates wells in two of these fields.
Average daily net production attributable to the net profits
interest from these properties was predominately natural gas and
was 547 BOE/d for the month of September 2007 from approximately
264 wells that will be burdened by the net profits
interest. The following table summarizes Whitings interest
in the major field in this region.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
No. of Wells
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross/
|
|
|
Average
|
|
|
Average Net
|
|
|
|
Operated/
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net
|
|
|
Working
|
|
|
Revenue
|
|
Field
|
|
Non-Operated
|
|
Operator
|
|
State
|
|
|
County
|
|
Productive Zones
|
|
Acres
|
|
|
Interest
|
|
|
Interest
|
|
|
Mestena Grande
|
|
0/33
|
|
Cabot Oil &
Gas Corporation
|
|
|
TX
|
|
|
Jim Hogg
|
|
Queen City
|
|
|
10,691/1,334
|
|
|
|
12.9
|
%
|
|
|
9.8
|
%
|
Reserves
Cawley, Gillespie & Associates, Inc. estimated oil
(including natural gas liquids) and natural reserves
attributable to the underlying properties as of
September 30, 2007. Numerous uncertainties are inherent in
estimating reserve volumes and values, and the estimates are
subject to change as additional information becomes available.
The reserves actually recovered and the timing of production of
the reserves may vary significantly from the original estimates.
Cawley, Gillespie & Associates, Inc. calculated
reserve quantities and revenues attributable to the net profits
interest based on projections of reserves and revenues
attributable to the underlying properties less reserve
quantities of a sufficient value to pay 90% of the future
estimated costs, before trust administrative expenses, that are
deducted in calculating net proceeds. Proved reserve quantities
attributable to the net profits interest are calculated by
multiplying the gross reserves for the underlying properties by
the net profits interest assigned to the trust in the underlying
properties. The net revenues attributable to the trusts
reserves are net of the share of applicable production expenses,
taxes and post-production costs that are used to calculate the
net profits interest. The reserves and net revenues attributable
to the net profits interest include only the reserves
attributable to the underlying properties that are expected to
be produced within the term of the net profits interest
calculated as described above.
The discounted estimated future net revenues presented below
were prepared using assumptions required by the SEC. Except to
the extent otherwise described below, these assumptions include
the use of NYMEX oil and natural gas prices as of
September 30, 2007 of $81.66 per Bbl of oil and $6.15 per
Mcf of natural gas less field transportation, quality and basis
differentials of $8.20 per Bbl of oil and $0.25 per Mcf of
natural gas, resulting in field adjusted prices of $73.46 per
Bbl of oil and $5.90 per Mcf of natural gas, as well as costs
for estimated future development and production expenditures to
produce the proved reserves as of September 30, 2007.
Because oil and natural gas prices are influenced by many
factors, use of prices as of September 30, 2007, as
required by the SEC, may not be the most accurate basis for
estimating future revenues of reserve data. Future net cash
flows are discounted at an annual rate of 10%. There is no
provision for federal income taxes with respect to the future
net cash flows attributable to the net profits interest because
future net
46
revenues are not subject to taxation at the trust level. See
Federal Income Tax Consequences for more information.
Proved Reserves of Underlying Properties and the Net Profits
Interest. The following table sets forth, as of
September 30, 2007, certain estimated proved reserves,
estimated future net revenues and the discounted present value
thereof attributable to the underlying properties and the net
profits interest, in each case derived from the reserve report.
A summary of the reserve report is included as Appendix A
to this prospectus.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Underlying
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Properties
|
|
|
Net Profits
|
|
|
|
Underlying
|
|
|
(attributable to the
|
|
|
Interest with
|
|
|
|
Properties(1)(2)
|
|
|
net profits interest)(3)
|
|
|
cost reductions(4)
|
|
|
|
(in thousands, except Bbl, Mcf and BOE amounts)
|
|
|
Proved Reserves:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil and natural gas liquids(MBbls)
|
|
|
8,663
|
|
|
|
5,157
|
|
|
|
3,016
|
|
Natural gas (MMcf)
|
|
|
27,082
|
|
|
|
17,902
|
|
|
|
10,569
|
|
Oil equivalents (MBOE)
|
|
|
13,176
|
|
|
|
8,141
|
|
|
|
4,778
|
|
Future net revenues
|
|
$
|
415,055
|
|
|
$
|
279,074
|
|
|
$
|
279,074
|
|
Discounted estimated future net revenues(5)
|
|
$
|
243,535
|
|
|
$
|
198,481
|
|
|
$
|
198,481
|
|
Standardized measure(6)
|
|
$
|
243,535
|
|
|
$
|
198,481
|
|
|
$
|
198,481
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
The net profits interest entitles the trust to receive 90% of
the net proceeds from the sale of production of 9.04 MMBOE
from the underlying properties. |
|
(2) |
|
Reserve volumes and estimated future net revenues for underlying
properties reflect volumes and revenues attributable to the
underlying properties during the term of the net profits
interest. |
|
(3) |
|
Reflects 90% of the estimated proved reserves attributable to
the underlying properties expected to be produced within the
term of the net profits interest based on the reserve report.
Estimated future net revenues from proved reserves takes into
account future estimated costs that are deducted in calculating
net proceeds. |
|
(4) |
|
Proved reserves for the net profits interest are calculated as
(x) 90% of the estimated proved reserves of the underlying
properties less (y) reserve quantities of a sufficient
value to pay 90% of the future estimated costs that are deducted
in calculating net proceeds. Accordingly, proved reserves for
the net profits interest reflect quantities expected to be
produced during the term of the net profits interest that are
calculated after reductions for future costs and expenses based
on price and cost assumptions used in the reserve estimates.
Estimated future net revenues from proved reserves takes into
account future estimated costs that are deducted in calculating
net proceeds. |
|
(5) |
|
No provision for federal or state income taxes has been provided
because taxable income is passed through to the trust
unitholders. The present values of future net revenues for the
underlying properties and the net profits interest were
determined using a discount rate of 10% per annum. |
|
(6) |
|
No provision for federal or state income taxes has been provided
because taxable income is passed through to the unitholders of
the trust. Therefore, the standardized measure of the underlying
properties and the underlying properties attributable to the net
profits interest equal their corresponding pre-tax PV10% values,
which totaled $243.5 million and $198.5 million,
respectively, as of September 30, 2007. |
Information concerning historical changes in proved reserves
attributable to the underlying properties, and the calculation
of the standardized measure of discounted future net revenues
related thereto, is contained in the unaudited supplemental
information contained elsewhere in this prospectus. Whiting has
not filed reserve estimates covering the underlying properties
with any other federal authority or agency.
47
The following table summarizes the changes in estimated proved
reserves of the underlying properties for the periods indicated.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil (Mbbl)
|
|
|
Nat. Gas (MMcf)
|
|
|
(MBOE)
|
|
Balance at January 1, 2004
|
|
|
7,295
|
|
|
|
35,579
|
|
|
|
13,225
|
|
Revisions, extensions, discoveries and additions
|
|
|
2,587
|
|
|
|
12,495
|
|
|
|
4,670
|
|
Production
|
|
|
(827
|
)
|
|
|
(4,268
|
)
|
|
|
(1,538
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at December 31, 2004
|
|
|
9,055
|
|
|
|
43,806
|
|
|
|
16,357
|
|
Revisions, extensions, discoveries and additions
|
|
|
1,887
|
|
|
|
281
|
|
|
|
1,934
|
|
Production
|
|
|
(893
|
)
|
|
|
(5,082
|
)
|
|
|
(1,740
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at December 31, 2005
|
|
|
10,049
|
|
|
|
39,005
|
|
|
|
16,551
|
|
Revisions, extensions, discoveries and additions
|
|
|
(248
|
)
|
|
|
(2,058
|
)
|
|
|
(591
|
)
|
Production
|
|
|
(946
|
)
|
|
|
(5,057
|
)
|
|
|
(1,789
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at December 31, 2006
|
|
|
8,855
|
|
|
|
31,890
|
|
|
|
14,171
|
|
Revisions, extensions, discoveries and additions
|
|
|
525
|
|
|
|
(1,480
|
)
|
|
|
276
|
|
Production
|
|
|
(717
|
)
|
|
|
(3,328
|
)
|
|
|
(1,271
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at September 30, 2007
|
|
|
8,663
|
|
|
|
27,082
|
|
|
|
13,176
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proved developed reserves:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at December 31, 2004
|
|
|
9,037
|
|
|
|
43,795
|
|
|
|
16,336
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at December 31, 2005
|
|
|
10,027
|
|
|
|
38,989
|
|
|
|
16,525
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at December 31, 2006
|
|
|
8,849
|
|
|
|
31,546
|
|
|
|
14,107
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at September 30, 2007
|
|
|
8,663
|
|
|
|
27,082
|
|
|
|
13,176
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Abandonment
of Underlying Properties
Whiting will have the right to abandon its interest in any well
or property comprising a portion of the underlying properties
if, in its opinion, such well or property ceases to produce or
is not capable of producing in commercially paying quantities.
To reduce or eliminate the potential conflict of interest
between Whiting and the trust in determining whether a well is
capable of producing in commercially paying quantities, Whiting
has agreed to operate the underlying properties as a reasonably
prudent operator in the same manner that it would operate if
these properties were not burdened by the net profits interest
and Whiting has agreed to use commercially reasonable efforts to
cause the other operators to operate these properties in the
same manner. For the years ended December 31, 2004, 2005
and 2006, Whiting plugged and abandoned 3, 6 and 0 wells,
respectively, with respect to the underlying properties based on
its determination that such wells were no longer economic to
operate.
Marketing
and Post-Production Services
Pursuant to the terms of the conveyance creating the net profits
interest, Whiting will have the responsibility to market, or
cause to be marketed, the oil, natural gas and natural gas
liquid production attributable to the underlying properties. The
terms of the conveyance creating the net profits interest do not
permit Whiting to charge any marketing fee other than fees for
marketing paid to non-affiliates when determining the net
proceeds upon which the net profits interest will be calculated.
As a result, the net proceeds to the trust from the sales of
oil, natural gas and natural gas liquid production from the
underlying properties will be determined based on the same price
that Whiting receives for oil, natural gas and natural gas
liquid production attributable to Whitings remaining
interest in the underlying properties.
48
Whiting principally sells its oil and natural gas production to
end users, marketers and other purchasers that have access to
nearby pipeline facilities. In areas where there is no practical
access to pipelines, oil is trucked to storage facilities.
Whitings marketing of oil and natural gas can be affected
by factors beyond its control, the effects of which cannot be
accurately predicted.
Title to
Properties
The underlying properties are subject to certain burdens that
are described in more detail below. To the extent that these
burdens and obligations affect Whitings rights to
production and the value of production from the underlying
properties, they have been taken into account in calculating the
trusts interests and in estimating the size and the value
of the reserves attributable to the underlying properties.
Whitings interests in the oil and natural gas properties
comprising the underlying properties are typically subject, in
one degree or another, to one or more of the following:
|
|
|
|
|
royalties, overriding royalties and other burdens on production,
express and implied, under oil and natural gas leases;
|
|
|
|
overriding royalties, production payments and similar interests
and other burdens on production created by Whiting or its
predecessors in title;
|
|
|
|
a variety of contractual obligations arising under operating
agreements, farm-out agreements, production sales contracts and
other agreements that may affect these properties or
Whitings title thereto;
|
|
|
|
liens that arise in the normal course of operations, such as
those for unpaid taxes, statutory liens securing unpaid
suppliers and contractors and contractual liens under operating
agreements that are not yet delinquent or, if delinquent, are
being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings;
|
|
|
|
pooling, unitization and communitization agreements,
declarations and orders;
|
|
|
|
easements, restrictions, rights-of-way and other matters that
commonly affect property;
|
|
|
|
conventional rights of reassignment that obligate Whiting to
reassign all or part of a property to a third party if Whiting
intends to release or abandon such property; and
|
|
|
|
rights reserved to or vested in the appropriate governmental
agency or authority to control or regulate the underlying
properties and the net profits interest therein.
|
Whiting believes that the burdens and obligations affecting the
oil and natural gas properties comprising the underlying
properties are conventional in the industry for similar
properties. Whiting also believes that the existing burdens and
obligations do not, in the aggregate, materially interfere with
the use of these properties and will not materially adversely
affect the value of the net profits interest.
Whiting acquired the underlying properties in various
transactions that have occurred during its 27 year
existence. At the time of its acquisitions of the underlying
properties, Whiting undertook a title examination of these
properties.
Oil and natural gas leases are generally considered real
property interests under the laws of the jurisdictions where the
underlying properties are located. Net profits interests are
non-operating, non-possessory interests carved out of the oil
and natural gas leasehold estate, but some jurisdictions have
not directly determined whether a net profits interest is a real
or a personal property interest. Whiting believes that it is
possible that the net profits interest may not be treated as a
real property interest under the laws of certain of the
jurisdictions where the underlying properties are located.
Whiting intends, however, to record the conveyance of the net
profits interest in the relevant real property records of all
applicable jurisdictions. Whiting believes that, if, during the
term of the trust, Whiting becomes involved as a debtor in a
bankruptcy proceeding, the net profits interest relating to the
underlying properties in most, if not all, of the jurisdictions
should be treated as a fully conveyed property interest. In such
a proceeding, however, a determination could be made that the
conveyance constitutes an executory contract and the net profits
interest is not a fully conveyed property interest under the
laws of the applicable jurisdiction, and if such contract were
not to be
49
assumed in a bankruptcy proceeding involving Whiting, the trust
would be treated as an unsecured creditor of Whiting with
respect to such net profits interest in the pending bankruptcy
proceeding. Although no assurance can be given, Whiting believes
that the conveyance of the net profits interest relating to the
underlying properties in most, if not all, of the jurisdictions
of which these properties are located should not be subject to
rejection in a bankruptcy proceeding as an executory contract.
Competition
and Markets
The oil and natural gas industry is highly competitive. Whiting
competes with major oil and natural gas companies and
independent oil and natural gas companies for oil and natural
gas, equipment, personnel and markets for the sale of oil and
natural gas. Many of these competitors are financially stronger
than Whiting, but even financially troubled competitors can
affect the market because of their need to sell oil and natural
gas at any price to attempt to maintain cashflow. The trust will
be subject to the same competitive conditions as Whiting and
other companies in the oil and natural gas industry.
Oil and natural gas compete with other forms of energy available
to customers, primarily based on price. These alternate forms of
energy include electricity, coal and fuel oils. Changes in the
availability or price of oil, natural gas or other forms of
energy, as well as business conditions, conservation,
legislation, regulations and the ability to convert to alternate
fuels and other forms of energy may affect the demand for oil
and natural gas.
Future price fluctuations for oil, natural gas and natural gas
liquids will directly impact trust distributions, estimates of
reserves attributable to the trusts interests and
estimated and actual future net revenues to the trust. In view
of the many uncertainties that affect the supply and demand for
oil and natural gas, neither the trust nor Whiting can make
reliable predictions of future oil and natural gas supply and
demand, future product prices or the effect of future product
prices on the trust.
Environmental
Matters and Regulation
General. The operations of the underlying
properties are subject to stringent and complex federal, state
and local laws and regulations governing environmental
protection as well as the discharge of materials into the
environment. These laws and regulations may, among other things:
|
|
|
|
|
restrict the types, quantities and concentration of various
substances that can be released into the environment in
connection with oil and natural gas drilling and production
activities;
|
|
|
|
limit or prohibit drilling activities on certain lands lying
within wilderness, wetlands and other protected areas;
|
|
|
|
require investigatory and remedial measures to mitigate
pollution from former and ongoing operations, such as
requirements to close pits and plug abandoned wells; and
|
|
|
|
enjoin some or all of the operations of underlying properties
deemed in non-compliance with permits issued pursuant to such
environmental laws and regulations.
|
Failure to comply with these laws and regulations may trigger a
variety of administrative, civil and criminal enforcement
measures, including the assessment of monetary penalties, the
imposition of remedial requirements and the issuance of orders
enjoining future operations or imposing additional compliance
requirements on such operations. Certain environmental statues
impose strict joint and several liability for costs required to
clean up and restore sites where hazardous substances have been
disposed or otherwise released. Moreover, these laws and
regulations may also restrict the rate of oil and natural gas
production below the rate that would otherwise be possible. The
regulatory burden on the oil and natural gas industry increases
the cost of doing business in the industry and consequently
affects profitability. Additionally, Congress and federal and
state agencies frequently revise environmental laws and
regulations, and any changes that result in more stringent and
costly waste handling, disposal and cleanup requirements for the
oil and natural gas industry could have a significant impact on
the operating costs of the underlying properties.
50
The following is a summary of the existing laws, rules and
regulations to which the operations of the underlying properties
are subject that are material to the operation of the underlying
properties.
Waste Handling. The Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act, or RCRA, and comparable state statutes, regulate
the generation, transportation, treatment, storage, disposal and
cleanup of hazardous and non-hazardous wastes. Under the
auspices of the federal Environmental Protection Agency, or EPA,
the individual states administer some or all of the provisions
of RCRA, sometimes in conjunction with their own, more stringent
requirements. Drilling fluids, produced waters and most of the
other wastes associated with the exploration, development and
production of crude oil or natural gas are currently regulated
under RCRAs non-hazardous waste provisions. However, it is
possible that certain oil and natural gas exploration and
production wastes now classified as non-hazardous could be
classified as hazardous wastes in the future. Any such change
could result in an increase in the costs to manage and dispose
of wastes, which could have a material adverse effect on the
cash distributions to the trust unitholders.
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and
Liability Act. The Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation and Liability Act, or CERCLA, also known
as the Superfund law, and comparable state laws impose strict
joint and several liability, without regard to fault or legality
of conduct, on classes of persons who are considered to be
responsible for the release of a hazardous substance into the
environment. These persons include the owner or operator of the
site where the release occurred, and anyone who disposed or
arranged for the disposal of a hazardous substance released at
the site. Under CERCLA, such persons may be subject to joint and
several liability for the costs of cleaning up the hazardous
substances that have been released into the environment, for
damages to natural resources and for the costs of certain health
studies. Whiting has not been notified that it has been named as
a potentially responsible party to any Superfund sites. In
addition, it is not uncommon for neighboring landowners and
other third-parties to file claims for personal injury and
property damage allegedly caused by the hazardous substances
released into the environment.
The underlying properties may have been used for oil and natural
gas exploration and production for many years. Although Whiting
believes that it has utilized operating and waste disposal
practices that were standard in the industry at the time,
hazardous substances, wastes or hydrocarbons may have been
released on or under the properties, or on or under other
locations, including off-site locations, where such substances
have been taken for disposal. In addition, the underlying
properties may have been operated by third parties or by
previous owners or operators whose treatment and disposal of
hazardous substances, wastes or hydrocarbons was not under
Whitings control. These properties and the substances
disposed or released on them may be subject to CERCLA, RCRA and
analogous state laws. Under such laws, Whiting could be required
to remove previously disposed substances and wastes, remediate
contaminated property, or perform remedial plugging or pit
closure operations to prevent future contamination.
Water Discharges. The Federal Water Pollution
Control Act, or the Clean Water Act, and analogous state laws,
impose restrictions and strict controls with respect to the
discharge of pollutants, including spills and leaks of oil and
other substances, into state waters or waters of the United
States. The discharge of pollutants into regulated waters is
prohibited, except in accordance with the terms of a permit
issued by EPA or an analogous state agency. Spill prevention,
control and countermeasure requirements under federal law
require appropriate containment berms and similar structures to
help prevent the contamination of navigable waters in the event
of a petroleum hydrocarbon tank spill, rupture or leak. In
addition, the Clean Water Act and analogous state laws require
individual permits or coverage under general permits for
discharges of storm water runoff from certain types of
facilities. Federal and state regulatory agencies can impose
administrative, civil and criminal penalties for non-compliance
with discharge permits or other requirements of the Clean Water
Act and analogous state laws and regulations.
Global Warming and Climate Control. Recent
scientific studies have suggested that emissions of certain
gases, commonly referred to as greenhouse gases and
including carbon dioxide and methane, may be contributing to
warming of the Earths atmosphere. In response to such
studies, the U.S. Congress is actively considering
legislation to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases. In
addition, at least 17 states have already taken legal
measures to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases, primarily
through the planned development of
51
greenhouse gas emission inventories
and/or
regional greenhouse gas cap and trade programs. Also, as a
result of the U.S. Supreme Courts decision on
April 2, 2007 in Massachusetts, et al. v. EPA, the EPA
may be required to regulate greenhouse gas emissions from mobile
sources (e.g., cars and trucks) even if Congress does not adopt
new legislation specifically addressing emissions of greenhouse
gases. The Courts holding in Massachusetts that greenhouse
gases fall under the federal Clean Air Acts definition of
air pollutant may also result in future regulation
of greenhouse gas emissions from stationary sources under
certain Clean Air Act programs. New legislation or regulatory
programs that restrict emissions of greenhouse gases in areas
where the underlying properties operate could adversely affect
demand for oil and gas products that, in turn, could limit cash
distributions to the trust unitholders.
Air Emissions. The Federal Clean Air Act, and
comparable state laws, regulate emissions of various air
pollutants from various industrial sources through air emissions
permitting programs and also impose other monitoring and
reporting requirements. Operators of the underlying properties
may be required to incur certain capital expenditures in the
future for air pollution control equipment in connection with
obtaining and maintaining operating permits and approvals for
air emissions. In addition, EPA has developed, and continues to
develop, stringent regulations governing emissions of toxic air
pollutants at specified sources. Federal and state regulatory
agencies can impose administrative, civil and criminal penalties
for non-compliance with air permits or other requirements of the
federal Clean Air Act and associated state laws and regulations.
OSHA and Other Laws and Regulation. Whiting is
subject to the requirements of the federal Occupational Safety
and Health Act, or OSHA, and comparable state statutes. The OSHA
hazard communication standard, the EPA community right-to-know
regulations under the Title III of CERCLA and similar state
statutes require that Whiting organize
and/or
disclose information about hazardous materials used or produced
in its operations. Whiting believes that it is in substantial
compliance with these applicable requirements and with other
OSHA and comparable requirements.
The federal Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act
of 2007 requires the Department of Homeland Security
(DHS) to issue regulations establishing risk-based
performance standards for the security of chemical and
industrial facilities, including oil and gas facilities that are
deemed to present high levels of security risk. The
DHS issued an interim final rule in April 2007 regarding
risk-based performance standards to be attained pursuant to the
act and the DHS is currently adopting an Appendix A to the
interim rules that establish the chemicals of concern and their
respective threshold quantities that will trigger compliance
with the interim rules. Whiting has not yet determined the costs
to comply with the interim rules but such costs could be
substantial.
Consideration of Environmental Issues in Connection with
Governmental Approvals. Whitings operations
frequently require licenses, permits
and/or other
governmental approvals. Several federal statutes, including the
Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act and the National Environmental
Policy Act require federal agencies to evaluate environmental
issues in connection with granting such approvals
and/or
taking other major agency actions. The Outer Continental Shelf
Lands Act, for instance, requires the U.S. Department of
Interior to evaluate whether certain proposed activities would
cause serious harm or damage to the marine, coastal or human
environment. Similarly, the National Environmental Policy Act
requires the Department of Interior and other federal agencies
to evaluate major agency actions having the potential to
significantly impact the environment. In the course of such
evaluations, an agency would have to prepare an environmental
assessment and, potentially, an environmental impact statement.
Whiting believes that it is in substantial compliance with all
existing environmental laws and regulations applicable to the
current operations of the underlying properties and that its
continued compliance with existing requirements will not have a
material adverse effect on the cash distributions to the trust
unitholders. For instance, Whiting did not incur any material
capital expenditures for remediation or pollution control
activities for the period ended September 30, 2007 with
respect to these properties. Additionally, as of the date of
this prospectus, it is not aware of any environmental issues or
claims that will require material capital expenditures during
the remainder of 2007 with respect to these properties. However,
there is no assurance that the passage of more stringent laws or
implementing regulations in the future will not have an negative
impact on the operations of these properties and the cash
distributions to the trust unitholders.
52
COMPUTATION
OF NET PROCEEDS
The provisions of the conveyance governing the computation of
the net proceeds are detailed and extensive. The following
information summarizes the material information contained in the
conveyance related to the computation of the net proceeds. This
summary may not contain all information that is important to
you. For more detailed provisions concerning the net profits
interest, you should read the conveyance. A copy of the
conveyance has been filed as an exhibit to the registration
statement of which this prospectus is a part. See Where
You Can Find More Information.
Net
Profits Interest
Whiting Petroleum Corporations wholly-owned subsidiaries,
Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation and Equity Oil Company, will
convey a term net profits interest to the trust by means of a
conveyance instrument that will be recorded in the appropriate
real property records in each county where the underlying
properties are located. The net profits interest will burden the
existing net interests owned by Whiting in the underlying
properties. In the underlying properties in which Whiting is
designated as the operator, Whiting has an average working
interest of approximately 68.3% and an average net revenue
interest of approximately 55.9%. For the underlying properties
where Whiting is not the operator, Whiting has an average
working interest of approximately 16.9% and an average net
revenue interest of approximately 14.0%
The conveyance creating the net profits interest provides that
the trust will be entitled to receive an amount of cash for each
quarter equal to 90% of the net proceeds (calculated as
described below) from the sale of oil, natural gas and natural
gas liquid production attributable to the underlying properties.
The amounts paid to the trust for the net profits interest are
based on the definitions of gross proceeds and
net proceeds contained in the conveyance and
described below. Under the conveyance, net proceeds are computed
quarterly, and 90% of the aggregate net proceeds attributable to
a computation period will be paid to the trust no later than
60 days following the end of the computation period (or the
next succeeding business day). Whiting will not pay to the trust
any interest on the net proceeds held by Whiting prior to
payment to the trust. The trustee will make distributions to
trust unitholders quarterly. See Description of the
Trust Units Distributions and Income
Computations.
Gross proceeds means the aggregate amount received
by Whiting from sales of oil, natural gas and natural gas
liquids produced from the underlying properties (other than
amounts received for certain future non-consent operations).
Gross proceeds does not include any amount for oil, natural gas
or natural gas liquids lost in production or marketing or used
by Whiting in drilling, production and plant operations. Gross
proceeds includes take-or-pay or ratable
take payments for future production in the event that they
are not subject to repayment due to insufficient subsequent
production or purchases.
Net proceeds means gross proceeds less
Whitings share of the following:
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all payments to mineral or landowners, such as royalties or
other burdens against production, delay rentals, shut-in oil and
natural gas payments, minimum royalty or other payments for
drilling or deferring drilling;
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any taxes paid by the owner of an underlying property to the
extent not deducted in calculating gross proceeds, including
estimated and accrued general property (ad valorem), production,
severance, sales, gathering, excise and other taxes;
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the aggregate amounts paid by Whiting upon settlement of the
hedge contracts on a quarterly basis, as specified in the hedge
contracts;
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any extraordinary taxes or windfall profits taxes that may be
assessed in the future that are based on profits realized or
prices received for production from the underlying properties;
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costs paid by an owner of an oil and natural gas property
comprising the underlying properties under any joint operating
agreement;
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costs and expenses, costs and liabilities of workovers,
operating and producing oil, natural gas and natural gas
liquids, including allocated expenses such as labor, vehicle and
travel costs and materials and any plugging and abandonment
liabilities other than costs and expenses for certain future
non-consent operations;
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costs or charges associated with gathering, treating and
processing oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids;
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a producing overhead charge in accordance with existing
operating agreements;
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to the extent Whiting is the operator of an underlying property
and there is no operating agreement covering such underlying
property, the overhead charges allocated by Whiting to such
underlying property calculated in the same manner Whiting
allocates overhead to other similarly owned property;
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costs for recording the conveyance and costs estimated to record
the termination
and/or
release of the conveyance;
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costs paid to counterparties under the hedge contracts or to the
persons that provide credit to maintain any hedge contracts,
excluding any hedge settlement amounts;
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amounts previously included in gross proceeds but subsequently
paid as a refund, interest or penalty; and
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costs and expenses for renewals or extensions of leases.
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All of the hedge payments received by Whiting from hedge
contract counterparties upon settlements of hedge contracts and
certain other non-production revenues, including salvage value
for equipment related to plugged and abandoned wells, as
detailed in the conveyance will offset the operating expenses
outlined above in calculating the net proceeds. If the hedge
payments received by Whiting and certain other non-production
revenues exceed the operating expenses during a quarterly
period, the ability to use such excess amounts to offset
operating expenses will be deferred, with interest accruing on
such amounts at the prevailing money market rate, until the next
quarterly period when such amounts are less than such expenses.
If any excess amounts have not been used to offset costs at the
time when 9.04 MMBOE have been produced from the underlying
properties and sold, which is the time when the net profits
interest will terminate, then unitholders will not be entitled
to receive the benefit of such excess amounts.
Capital expenditures for the testing, drilling, completion,
equipping or plugging back of any well that is a part of the
underlying properties will not be deducted from gross proceeds.
As is customary in the oil and natural gas industry, Whiting
will deduct from the gross proceeds an overhead fee to operate
those underlying properties for which Whiting is designated as
the operator consistent with the applicable operating
agreements. Additionally, for those underlying properties for
which Whiting is designated the operator but there is no
operating agreement covering such underlying property, Whiting
will deduct from the gross proceeds an overhead fee to operate
such underlying properties based on overhead charges allocated
by Whiting to such underlying property calculated in the same
manner Whiting allocates overhead to other similarly owned
property. The operating activities include various engineering,
accounting and administrative functions. The fee is based on a
monthly charge per active operated well and Whitings
portion totaled $2.1 million for the twelve months ending
September 30, 2007 for all of the underlying properties.
The fee is adjusted annually pursuant to COPAS guidelines and
will increase or decrease each year based on changes in the
year-end index of average weekly earnings of crude petroleum and
natural gas workers.
In the event that the net proceeds for any computation period is
a negative amount, the trust will receive no payment for that
period, and any such negative amount plus accrued interest at
the prevailing money market rate will be deducted from gross
proceeds in the following computation period for purposes of
determining the net proceeds for that following computation
period.
Gross proceeds and net proceeds are calculated on a cash basis,
except that certain costs, primarily ad valorem taxes and
expenditures of a material amount, may be determined on an
accrual basis.
54
Additional
Provisions
If a controversy arises as to the sales price of any production,
then for purposes of determining gross proceeds:
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amounts withheld or placed in escrow by a purchaser are not
considered to be received by Whiting until actually collected;
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amounts received by Whiting and promptly deposited with a
nonaffiliated escrow agent will not be considered to have been
received until disbursed to it by the escrow agent; and
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amounts received by Whiting and not deposited with an escrow
agent will be considered to have been received.
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The trustee is not obligated to return any cash received from
the net profits interest. Any overpayments made to the trust by
Whiting due to adjustments to prior calculations of net proceeds
or otherwise will reduce future amounts payable to the trust
until Whiting recovers the overpayments plus interest at the
prevailing money market rate.
In addition, Whiting may, without the consent of the trust
unitholders, require the trust to release the net profits
interest associated with any well or lease that accounts for
less than or equal to 0.25% of the total production from the
underlying properties in the prior 12 months and provided
that the net profits interest covered by such releases cannot
exceed, during any
12-month
period, an aggregate fair market value to the trust of $500,000.
These releases will be made only in connection with a sale by
Whiting of the relevant underlying properties and are
conditioned upon the trust receiving an amount equal to the fair
value to the trust of such net profits interest. Any net sales
proceeds paid to the trust are distributable to trust
unitholders for the quarter in which they are received. Whiting
has not identified for sale any of the underlying properties.
As the designated operator of underlying properties, Whiting may
enter into farm-out, operating, participation and other similar
agreements with respect to the property. Whiting may enter into
any of these agreements without the consent or approval of the
trustee or any trust unitholder.
Whiting will have the right to abandon any well or property if
it reasonably believes the well or property ceases to produce or
is not capable of producing in commercially paying quantities.
In making such decisions, Whiting is required under the
applicable conveyance to operate the underlying properties as a
reasonably prudent operator in the same manner it would if these
properties were not burdened by the net profits interest. Upon
termination of the lease, the portion of the net profits
interest relating to the abandoned property will be extinguished.
Whiting must maintain books and records sufficient to determine
the amounts payable for the net profits interest to the trust.
Quarterly and annually, Whiting must deliver to the trustee a
statement of the computation of the net proceeds for each
computation period. The trustee has the right to inspect and
copy the books and records maintained by Whiting during normal
business hours and upon reasonable notice.
55
DESCRIPTION
OF THE TRUST AGREEMENT
The following information and the information included under
Description of the Trust Units summarize the
material information contained in the trust agreement and the
conveyance. For more detailed provisions concerning the trust
and the conveyance, you should read the trust agreement and the
conveyance. Copies of the trust agreement and the conveyance
have been filed as exhibits to the registration statement. See
Where You Can Find More Information.
Creation
and Organization of the Trust; Amendments
Prior to the closing of this offering, Whiting Petroleum
Corporations wholly-owned subsidiaries, Whiting Oil and
Gas Corporation and Equity Oil Company, will convey the net
profits interest to the trust in consideration for the issuance
by the trust
of
trust units, which will be distributed as a dividend to Whiting
Petroleum Corporation. The first quarterly distribution is
expected to be made prior to or on February 29, 2008 to
trust unitholders owning trust units on February 19, 2008.
The trusts first quarterly distribution will consist of an
amount in cash paid by Whiting equal to the amount that would
have been payable to the trust had the net profits interest been
in effect during the period from October 1, 2007 through
December 31, 2007. The second quarterly distribution is
expected to be made prior to or on May 30, 2008 to trust
unitholders owning trust units on May 20, 2008. The
trusts second quarterly distribution will consist of an
amount in cash paid by Whiting equal to the amount that would
have been payable to the trust had the net profits interest been
in effect during the period from January 1, 2008 through
the day prior to close of this offering plus the amount payable
under the net profits interest for the period from the day of
closing of the offering through March 31, 2008.
The amount of quarterly cash distributions will be based on the
amount of cash relating to the underlying properties that has
been received and processed by Whiting and then remitted to the
trustee during the applicable quarter. After the offering made
hereby, Whiting will own its net interests in the underlying
properties subject to and burdened by the net profits interest.
The trust will be entitled to receive 90% of the net proceeds
from the sale of oil, natural gas and natural gas liquid volumes
produced from the underlying properties calculated in accordance
with the terms of the conveyance. Also, the trust will be
entitled to receive 90% of all amounts paid to Whiting from the
hedge contract counterparties upon settlements of the hedge
contracts, subject to certain restrictions as discussed in more
detail in Computation of Net Proceeds. Additionally,
the amount of net proceeds to the trust will be reduced by 90%
of all payments made by Whiting to hedge contract counterparties
upon settlement of the hedge contracts and all other costs paid
to counterparties under the hedge contracts or to the persons
that provide credit to maintain the hedge contracts.
The trust was created under Delaware law to acquire and hold the
net profits interest for the benefit of the trust unitholders
pursuant to an agreement between Whiting, the trustee and the
Delaware trustee. The net profits interest is passive in nature
and neither the trust nor the trustee has any control over or
responsibility for costs relating to the operation of the
underlying properties. Neither Whiting nor other operators of
the underlying properties have any contractual commitments to
the trust to provide additional funding or to conduct further
drilling on or to maintain their ownership interest in any of
these properties. After the conveyance of the net profits
interest, however, Whiting will retain an interest in each of
the underlying properties. For a description of the underlying
properties and other information relating to them, see The
Underlying Properties.
The trust agreement will provide that the trusts business
activities will be limited to owning the net profits interest
and any activity reasonably related to such ownership, including
activities required or permitted by the terms of the conveyance
related to the net profits interest. As a result, the trust will
not be permitted to acquire other oil and natural gas properties
or net profits interests.
The beneficial interest in the trust is divided
into
trust units. Each of the trust units represents an equal
undivided beneficial interest in the assets of the trust. You
will find additional information concerning the trust units in
Description of the Trust Units.
56
Amendment of the trust agreement requires a vote of holders of a
majority of the outstanding trust units. However, no amendment
may:
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increase the power of the trustee or the Delaware trustee to
engage in business or investment activities; or
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alter the rights of the trust unitholders as among themselves.
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Certain amendments to the trust agreement do not require the
vote of the trust unitholders. The trustee may, without approval
of the trust unitholders, from time to time supplement or amend
the trust agreement in order to cure any ambiguity, to correct
or supplement any defective or inconsistent provisions, to grant
any benefit to all of the trust unitholders or to change the
name of the trust, provided such supplement or amendment is not
adverse to the interest of the trust unitholders. The business
and affairs of the trust will be managed by the trustee. Whiting
has no ability to manage or influence the operations of the
trust.
Assets of
the Trust
Upon completion of this offering, the assets of the trust will
consist of the net profits interest and any cash and temporary
investments being held for the payment of expenses and
liabilities and for distribution to the trust unitholders.
Duties
and Powers of the Trustee
The duties of the trustee are specified in the trust agreement
and by the laws of the State of Delaware, except as modified by
the trust agreement. The trustees principal duties consist
of:
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collecting cash attributable to the net profits interest and
received upon settlement of the hedge contracts;
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paying expenses, charges and obligations of the trust from the
trusts assets;
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distributing distributable cash to the trust unitholders;
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causing to be prepared and distributed a tax information report
for each trust unitholder and to prepare and file tax returns on
behalf of the trust;
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causing to be prepared and filed reports required to be filed
under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and by the rules of
any securities exchange or quotation system on which the trust
units are listed or admitted to trading;
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establishing, evaluating and maintaining a system of internal
controls over financial reporting in compliance with the
requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002;
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enforcing the rights under certain agreements entered into in
connection with this offering; and
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taking any action it deems necessary and advisable to best
achieve the purposes of the trust.
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In connection with the formation of the trust, the trustee
entered into several agreements with Whiting that impose
obligations upon Whiting that are enforceable by the trustee on
behalf of the trust. For example, when making decisions with
respect to the operation, abandonment or sale of the underlying
properties, Whiting is obligated under the terms of the
conveyance of the net profits interest to operate the underlying
properties as a reasonably prudent operator in the same manner
it would if these properties were not burdened by the net
profits interest. In addition, the trust has entered into an
administrative services agreement with Whiting pursuant to which
Whiting has agreed to perform specified administrative services
on behalf of the trust in a good and workmanlike manner in
accordance with the sound and prudent practices of providers of
similar services. The trustee has the power and authority under
the trust agreement to enforce these agreements on behalf of the
trust.
If a trust liability is contingent or uncertain in amount or not
yet currently due and payable, the trustee may create a cash
reserve to pay for the liability. If the trustee determines that
the cash on hand and the cash
57
to be received are insufficient to cover the trusts
liability, the trustee may borrow funds required to pay the
liabilities. The trustee may borrow the funds from any person,
including itself or its affiliates. The trustee may also
mortgage the assets of the trust to secure payment of the
indebtedness. The terms of such indebtedness and security
interest, if funds were loaned by the entity serving as trustee
or Delaware trustee or an affiliate thereof, would be similar to
the terms which such entity would grant to a similarly situated
commercial customer with whom it did not have a fiduciary
relationship, and such entity shall be entitled to enforce its
rights with respect to any such indebtedness and security
interest as if it were not then serving as trustee or Delaware
trustee. If the trustee borrows funds, the trust unitholders
will not receive distributions until the borrowed funds are
repaid.
Each quarter, the trustee will pay trust obligations and
expenses and distribute to the trust unitholders the remaining
proceeds received from the net profits interest. The cash held
by the trustee as a reserve against future liabilities or for
distribution at the next distribution date must be invested in:
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interest bearing obligations of the United States government;
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money market funds that invest only in United States government
securities;
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repurchase agreements secured by interest-bearing obligations of
the United States government; or
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bank certificates of deposit.
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The trust may not acquire any asset except the net profits
interest, cash and temporary cash investments, and it may not
engage in any investment activity except investing cash on hand.
The trust may merge or consolidate with or into one or more
limited partnerships, general partnerships, corporations,
business trusts, limited liability companies, or associations or
unincorporated businesses if such transaction is agreed to by
the trustee and by the affirmative vote of the holders of a
majority of the outstanding trust units and such transaction is
permitted under the Delaware Statutory Trust Act and any
other applicable law.
Whiting may request that the trustee sell certain of its net
profits interest under any of the following circumstances:
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the sale does not involve a material part of the trusts
assets and is in the best interests of the trust
unitholders; or
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the sale constitutes a material part of the trusts assets
and is in the best interests of the trust unitholders, subject
to the holders representing a majority of the outstanding trust
units approving the sale.
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Upon dissolution of the trust, the trustee must sell the net
profits interest. No trust unitholder approval is required in
this event.
The trustee will distribute the net proceeds from any sale of
the net profits interest and other assets to the trust
unitholders.
The trustee may require any trust unitholder to dispose of his
trust units if an administrative or judicial proceeding seeks to
cancel or forfeit any of the property in which the trust holds
an interest because of the nationality or any other status of
that trust unitholder. If a trust unitholder fails to dispose of
his trust units, the trustee has the right to purchase them and
to borrow funds to make that purchase.
The trustee is not expected to maintain a website for filings
made by the trust with the SEC.
The trustee may agree to modifications of the terms of the
conveyance or to settle disputes involving the conveyance. The
trustee may not agree to modifications or settle disputes
involving the net profits interest part of the conveyance if
these actions would change the character of the net profits
interest in such a way that the net profits interest becomes a
working interest or that the trust becomes an operating business.
58
Liabilities
of the Trust
Because the trust does not conduct an active business and the
trustee has little power to incur obligations, it is expected
that the trust will only incur liabilities for routine
administrative expenses, such as the trustees fees and
accounting, engineering, legal, tax advisory and other
professional fees.
Fees and
Expenses
The trust will be responsible for paying all legal, accounting,
tax advisory, engineering and stock exchange fees, printing
costs and other administrative and out-of-pocket expenses
incurred by or at the direction of the trustee or the Delaware
trustee. These trust administrative expenses are anticipated to
aggregate approximately $900,000 per year, although such costs
could be greater or less depending on future events that cannot
be predicted. Included in the $900,000 annual estimate is an
annual administrative fee of $160,000 for the trustee and an
annual administrative fee of $3,500 for the Delaware trustee.
The trust will pay an annual administrative fee to Whiting,
which fee will total $200,000 per year. See The
Trust Administrative Services Agreement. The
trust will also pay, out of the first cash payment received by
the trust, the trustees and Delaware trustees legal
expenses incurred in forming the trust as well as the Delaware
trustees acceptance fee in the amount of $3,500. These
costs will be deducted by the trust before distributions are
made to trust unitholders.
Fiduciary
Responsibility and Liability of the Trustee
The trustee will not make business decisions affecting the
assets of the trust except to the extent it enforces its rights
under the conveyance agreement related to the net profits
interest and the administrative services agreement described
above under Duties and Powers of the Trustee
that will be executed in connection with this offering.
Therefore, substantially all of the trustees functions
under the trust agreement are expected to be ministerial in
nature. See Duties and Powers of the Trustee,
above. The trust agreement, however, provides that the trustee
may:
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charge for its services as trustee;
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retain funds to pay for future expenses and deposit them with
one or more banks or financial institutions (which may include
the trustee to the extent permitted by law);
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lend funds at commercial rates to the trust to pay the
trusts expenses; and
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seek reimbursement from the trust for its out-of-pocket expenses.
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In discharging its duty to trust unitholders, the trustee may
act in its discretion and will be liable to the trust
unitholders only for its own fraud, gross negligence or acts or
omissions constituting bad faith. The trustee will not be liable
for any act or omission of its agents or employees unless the
trustee acted in bad faith or with gross negligence in their
selection and retention. The trustee will be indemnified
individually or as the trustee for any liability or cost that it
incurs in the administration of the trust, except in cases of
fraud, gross negligence or bad faith. The trustee will have a
lien on the assets of the trust as security for this
indemnification and its compensation earned as trustee. Trust
unitholders will not be liable to the trustee for any
indemnification. See Description of the
Trust Units Liability of
Trust Unitholders. The trustee must ensure that all
contractual liabilities of the trust are limited to the assets
of the trust and the trustee will be liable for its failure to
do so.
The trustee may consult with counsel, accountants, tax advisors,
geologists, engineers and other parties the trustee believes to
be qualified as experts on the matters for which advice is
sought. The trustee will be protected for any action it takes in
good faith reliance upon the opinion of the expert.
Except as expressly set forth in the trust agreement, neither
the trustee, the Delaware trustee nor the other indemnified
parties have any duties or liabilities, including fiduciary
duties, to the trust or any trust unitholder. The provisions of
the trust agreement, to the extent they restrict, eliminate or
otherwise modify the duties and liabilities, including fiduciary
duties of these persons otherwise existing at law or in equity,
are agreed by the trust unitholders to replace such other duties
and liabilities of these persons.
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Termination
of the Trust; Sale of the Net Profits Interest
The net profits interest will terminate at the time when 9.04
MMBOE have been produced from the underlying properties and sold
(which amount is the equivalent of 8.14 MMBOE in respect of
the trusts right to receive 90% of the net proceeds from
such reserves pursuant to the net profits interest), and the
trust will soon thereafter wind up its affairs and terminate.
The trust will dissolve prior to the termination of the net
profits interest if:
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the trust sells the net profits interest;
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annual gross proceeds attributable to the net profits interest
are less than $1 million for each of two consecutive years;
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the holders of a majority of the outstanding trust units vote in
favor of dissolution; or
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judicial dissolution of the trust.
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The trustee would then sell all of the trusts assets,
either by private sale or public auction, and distribute the net
proceeds of the sale to the trust unitholders.
Dispute
Resolution
Any dispute, controversy or claim that may arise between Whiting
and the trustee relating to the trust will be submitted to
binding arbitration before a tribunal of three arbitrators.
Compensation
of the Trustee and the Delaware Trustee
The trustees and the Delaware trustees compensation
will be paid out of the trusts assets. See
Fees and Expenses.
Miscellaneous
The principal offices of the trustee are located at 919 Congress
Avenue, Suite 500, Austin, Texas 78701, and its telephone
number is
(512) 236-6599.
The Delaware trustee and the trustee may resign at any time or
be removed with or without cause at any time by a vote of not
less than a majority of the outstanding trust units. Any
successor must be a bank or trust company meeting certain
requirements including having combined capital, surplus and
undivided profits of at least $20,000,000, in the case of the
Delaware trustee, and $100,000,000, in the case of the trustee.
60
DESCRIPTION
OF THE TRUST UNITS
Each trust unit is a unit of the beneficial interest in the
trust and is entitled to receive cash distributions from the
trust on a pro rata basis. Each trust unitholder has the same
rights regarding each of his or her trust units as every other
trust unitholder has regarding his or her units. The trust units
will be in book-entry form only and will not be represented by
certificates. The trust will
have
trust units outstanding upon completion of this offering.
Distributions
and Income Computations
Each quarter, the trustee will determine the amount of funds
available for distribution to the trust unitholders. Available
funds are the excess cash, if any, received by the trust from
the net profits interest, payments from the hedge contracts and
other sources (such as interest earned on any amounts reserved
by the trustee) that quarter, over the trusts liabilities
for that quarter. Available funds will be reduced by any cash
the trustee decides to hold as a reserve against future
liabilities. It is expected that quarterly cash distributions
during the term of the trust will be made by the trustee no
later than 60 days following the end of each quarter (or
the next succeeding business day) to the trust unitholders of
record on the 50th day following the end of each quarter.
Unless otherwise advised by counsel or the IRS, the trustee will
treat the income and expenses of the trust for each quarter as
belonging to the trust unitholders of record on the quarterly
record date. Trust unitholders will recognize income and
expenses for tax purposes in the quarter the trust receives or
pays those amounts, rather than in the quarter the trust
distributes them. Minor variances may occur. For example, the
trustee could establish a reserve in one quarter that would not
result in a tax deduction until a later quarter. The trustee
could also make a payment in one quarter that would be amortized
for tax purposes over several quarters. See Federal Income
Tax Consequences.
Periodic
Reports
The trustee will file all required trust federal and state
income tax and information returns. The trustee will prepare and
mail to trust unitholders annual reports that trust unitholders
need to correctly report their share of the income and
deductions of the trust. The trustee will also cause to be
prepared and filed reports required to be filed under the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and by the rules of
any securities exchange or quotation system on which the trust
units are listed or admitted to trading, and will also cause the
trust to comply with all of the provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act, including but not limited to, establishing, evaluating and
maintaining a system of internal controls over financial
reporting in compliance with the requirements of
Section 404 thereof.
Each trust unitholder and his representatives may examine, for
any proper purpose, during reasonable business hours, the
records of the trust and the trustee.
Liability
of Trust Unitholders
Under the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, trust unitholders
will be entitled to the same limitation of personal liability
extended to stockholders of private corporations for profit
under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware. No
assurance can be given, however, that the courts in
jurisdictions outside of Delaware will give effect to such
limitation.
Voting
Rights of Trust Unitholders
The trustee or trust unitholders owning at least 10% of the
outstanding trust units may call meetings of trust unitholders.
The trust will be responsible for all costs associated with
calling a meeting of trust unitholders unless such meeting is
called by the trust unitholders, in which case the trust
unitholders will be responsible for all costs associated with
calling such meeting of trust unitholders. Meetings must be held
in such location as is designated by the trustee in the notice
of such meeting. The trustee must send written notice of the
time and place of the meeting and the matters to be acted upon
to all of the trust unitholders at
61
least 20 days and not more than 60 days before the
meeting. Trust unitholders representing a majority of trust
units outstanding must be present or represented to have a
quorum. Each trust unitholder is entitled to one vote for each
trust unit owned.
Unless otherwise required by the trust agreement, a matter may
be approved or disapproved by the vote of a majority of the
trust units held by the trust unitholders at a meeting where
there is a quorum. This is true, even if a majority of the total
trust units did not approve it. The affirmative vote of the
holders of a majority of the outstanding trust units is required
to:
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dissolve the trust;
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remove the trustee or the Delaware trustee;
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amend the trust agreement (except with respect to certain
matters that do not adversely affect the rights of trust
unitholders in any material respect);
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merge or consolidate the trust with or into another
entity; or
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approve the sale of all or any material part of the assets of
the trust.
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In addition, certain amendments to the trust agreement may be
made by the trustee without approval of the trust unitholders.
See Description of the Trust Agreement
Creation and Organization of the Trust; Amendments. The
trustee must consent before all or any part of the trust assets
can be sold except in connection with the dissolution of the
trust or limited sales directed by Whiting in conjunction with
its sale of underlying properties.
Comparison
of Trust Units and Common Stock
Trust unitholders have more limited voting rights than those of
stockholders of most public corporations. For example, there is
no requirement for annual meetings of trust unitholders or for
annual or other periodic re-election of the trustee.
You should also be aware of the following ways in which an
investment in trust units is different from an investment in
common stock of a corporation.
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Trust Units
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Common Stock
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Voting
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The trust agreement provides voting rights to trust unitholders
to remove and replace the trustee and to approve or disapprove
major trust transactions.
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Corporate statutes provide voting rights to stockholders to
elect directors and to approve or disapprove major corporate
transactions.
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Income Tax
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The trust is not subject to income tax; trust unitholders are
subject to income tax on their pro rata share of trust income,
gain, loss and deduction.
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Corporations are taxed on their income and their stockholders
are taxed on dividends.
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Distributions
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Substantially all trust revenue is required to be distributed to
trust unitholders.
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Stockholders receive dividends at the discretion of the board of
directors.
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Business and Assets
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The business of the trust is limited to specific assets with a
finite economic life.
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A corporation conducts an active business for an unlimited term
and can reinvest its earnings and raise additional capital to
expand.
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Fiduciary Duties
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The trustee shall not be liable to the trust unitholders for any
of its acts or omissions absent its own fraud, gross negligence
or bad faith.
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Officers and directors have a fiduciary duty of loyalty to
stockholders and a duty to use due care in management and
administration of a corporation.
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62
TRUST UNITS
ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE
General
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for the
trust units. Sales of substantial amounts of the trust units in
the open market, or the perception that those sales could occur,
could adversely affect prevailing market prices.
Upon completion of this offering, there will be
outstanding trust
units. All of
the
trust units sold in this offering, or
the
trust units if the underwriters exercise their option to
purchase additional trust units in full, will be freely tradable
without restriction under the Securities Act. All of the trust
units outstanding other than the trust units sold in this
offering (a total
of
trust units,
or trust units if
the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional
shares in full) will be restricted securities within
the meaning of Rule 144 under the Securities Act and may
not be sold other than through registration under the Securities
Act or pursuant to an exemption from registration, subject to
the restrictions on transfer contained in the
lock-up
agreements described below and in Underwriting.
Lock-up
Agreements
In connection with this offering, Whiting has agreed, for a
period of 180 days after the date of this prospectus, not
to offer, sell, contract to sell or otherwise dispose of or
transfer any trust units or any securities convertible into or
exchangeable for trust units without the prior written consent
of Raymond James & Associates, Inc., subject to
specified exceptions. See Underwriting for a
description of these
lock-up
arrangements. Upon the expiration of these
lock-up
agreements, trust
units, or trust
units if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase
additional trust units in full, will be eligible for sale in the
public market under Rule 144 of the Securities Act, subject
to volume limitations and other restrictions contained in
Rule 144, or through registration under the Securities Act.
Rule 144
In general, under Rule 144 as currently in effect,
beginning 90 days after the date of this prospectus, a
person or persons whose trust units are aggregated, who has
beneficially owned restricted trust units for at least one year,
including the holding period of any prior owner, would be
entitled to sell within any three-month period a number of
shares that does not exceed the greater of:
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1% of the number of trust units then outstanding; or
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the average weekly reported trading volume of the trust units on
the New York Stock Exchange during the four calendar weeks
preceding the filing of a Form 144 with respect to the sale.
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Sales under Rule 144 also are subject to manner of sale
provisions and notice requirements and to the availability of
current public information about Whiting.
Rule 144(k)
Under Rule 144(k), a person who is not deemed to have been
an affiliate of the trust at any time during the three months
preceding a sale and who has beneficially owned the trust units
proposed to be sold for at least two years, including the
holding period of any prior owner (other than an affiliate of
the trust) is entitled to sell those shares without complying
with the manner of sale, public information, volume limitation
or notice provisions of Rule 144.
Registration
Rights
The trust intends to enter into a registration rights agreement
with Whiting in connection with Whitings contribution to
the trust of the net profits interest. In the registration
rights agreement, the trust will agree, for
63
the benefit of Whiting and any transferee of its trust units
(each, a holder), to register the trust units it
holds. Specifically, the trust will agree:
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subject to the restrictions described above under
Lock-up
Agreements and under Underwriting
Lock-up
Agreements, to use its reasonable best efforts to file a
registration statement, including, if so requested, a shelf
registration statement, with the SEC as promptly as practicable
following receipt of a notice requesting the filing of a
registration statement from holders representing a majority of
the then outstanding registrable trust units;
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to use its reasonable best efforts to cause the registration
statement or shelf registration statement to be declared
effective under the Securities Act as promptly as practicable
after the filing thereof; and
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to continuously maintain the effectiveness of the registration
statement under the Securities Act for 90 days (or for
three years if a shelf registration statement is requested)
after the effectiveness thereof or until the trust units covered
by the registration statement have been sold pursuant to such
registration statement or until all registrable trust units:
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have been sold pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities
Act if the transferee thereof does not receive restricted
securities;
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have been sold in a private transaction in which the
transferors rights under the registration rights agreement
are not assigned to the transferee of the trust units; or
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become eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144(k) (or any
similar rule then in effect under the Securities Act).
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The holders will have the right to require the trust to file up
to three registration statements and will have piggyback
registration rights in certain circumstances.
In connection with the preparation and filing of any
registration statement, Whiting will bear all costs and expenses
incidental to any registration statement, excluding certain
internal expenses of the trust, which will be borne by the
trust, and any underwriting discounts and commissions, which
will be borne by the seller of the trust units.
64
FEDERAL
INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES
U.S.
Federal Tax Income Consequences
The following is a discussion of the material U.S. federal
income tax considerations that may be relevant to prospective
trust unitholders and, unless otherwise noted in the following
discussion, expresses the opinion of Foley & Lardner
LLP, insofar as it relates to matters of law and legal
conclusions. This section is based upon current provisions of
the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the
Code), existing (and to the extent noted proposed)
Treasury regulations thereunder, and current administrative
rulings and court decisions, all of which are subject to change
or different interpretation at any time, possibly with
retroactive effect. Subsequent changes in such authorities may
cause the U.S. federal income tax consequences to vary
substantially from the consequences described below. No attempt
has been made in the following discussion to comment on all
U.S. federal income tax matters affecting the trust or the
trust unitholders.
The following discussion is limited to trust unitholders who
purchase the trust units upon the initial issuance at the
initial issue price (which will equal the first price at which a
substantial amount of trust units are sold to the public for
cash) and who hold the trust units as capital assets
(generally, property held for investment). All references to
trust unitholders (including U.S. trust
unitholders and
non-U.S. trust
unitholders) are to beneficial owners of the trust units. This
summary does not address the effect of the U.S. federal
estate or gift tax laws or the tax considerations arising under
the law of any state, local or foreign jurisdiction. Moreover,
the discussion has only limited application to trust unitholders
subject to specialized tax treatment such as, without limitation:
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banks, insurance companies or other financial institutions;
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trust unitholders subject to the alternative minimum tax;
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tax-exempt organizations;
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dealers in securities or commodities;
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regulated investment companies;
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traders in securities that elect to use a mark-to-market method
of accounting for their securities holdings;
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non-U.S. trust
unitholders (as defined below) that are controlled foreign
corporations or passive foreign investment
companies;
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persons that are S-corporations, partnerships or other
pass-through entities;
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persons that own their interest in the trust units through
S-corporations, partnerships or other pass-through entities;
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persons that at any time own more than 5% of the aggregate fair
market value of the trust units;
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certain former citizens or long-term residents of the United
States;
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U.S. trust unitholders (as defined below) whose functional
currency is not the U.S. dollar;
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persons who hold the trust units as a position in a hedging
transaction, straddle, conversion
transaction or other risk reduction transaction; or
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persons deemed to sell the trust units under the constructive
sale provisions of the Code.
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Prospective investors are urged to consult their own tax
advisors as to the particular tax consequences to them of the
ownership and disposition of an investment in trust units,
including the applicability of any U.S. federal income,
federal estate or gift tax, state, local and foreign tax laws,
changes in applicable tax laws and any pending or proposed
legislation.
65
As used herein, the term U.S. trust unitholder
means a beneficial owner of trust units that for
U.S. federal income tax purposes is:
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an individual who is a citizen of the United States or who is
resident in the United States for U.S. federal income tax
purposes,
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a corporation, or an entity treated as a corporation for
U.S. federal income tax purposes, created or organized in
or under the laws of the United States, a state thereof or the
District of Columbia,
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an estate the income of which is subject to U.S. federal
income taxation regardless of its source, or
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a trust if it is subject to the primary supervision of a
U.S. court and the control of one or more United States
persons (as defined for U.S. federal income tax purposes)
or that has a valid election in effect under applicable
U.S. Treasury regulations to be treated as a United States
person.
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The term
non-U.S. trust
unitholder means any beneficial owner of a trust unit
(other than an entity that is classified for U.S. federal
income tax purposes as a partnership or as a disregarded
entity) that is not a U.S. trust unitholder.
If an entity that is classified for U.S. federal income tax
purposes as a partnership or as a disregarded entity
is a beneficial owner of trust units, the tax treatment of a
member of the entity will depend upon the status of the member
and the activities of the entity. Any entity that is classified
for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a partnership or as
a disregarded entity and that is a beneficial owner
of trust units, and the members of such an entity, should
consult their own tax advisors about the U.S. federal
income tax consequences of purchasing, owning, and disposing of
trust units.
Classification
and Taxation of the Trust
In the opinion of Foley & Lardner LLP, for
U.S. federal income tax purposes, the trust will be treated
as a grantor trust and not as an unincorporated business entity.
As a grantor trust, the trust will not be subject to tax at the
trust level. Rather, the grantors, who in this case are the
trust unitholders, will be considered to own and receive the
trusts assets and income and will be directly taxable
thereon as though no trust were in existence.
No ruling has been or will be requested from the Internal
Revenue Service (IRS) with respect to the
U.S. federal income tax treatment of the trust, including a
ruling as to the status of the trust as a grantor trust or as a
partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Thus, no
assurance can be provided that the opinions and statements set
forth in this discussion of U.S. federal income tax
consequences would be sustained by a court if contested by the
IRS.
The remainder of the discussion below is based on
Foley & Lardner LLPs opinion that the trust will
be classified as a grantor trust for federal income tax purposes.
Direct
Taxation of Trust Unitholders
Because the trust will be treated as a trust for
U.S. federal income tax purposes, trust unitholders will be
treated for such purposes as owning a direct interest in the
assets of the trust, and each trust unitholder will be taxed
directly on his pro rata share of the income and gain
attributable to the assets of the trust and will be entitled to
claim his pro rata share of the deductions and expenses
attributable to the assets of the trust (subject to certain
limitations discussed below). The trust will file information
returns, reporting to the trust unitholders all items of income,
gain, loss, deduction and credit, which must be included in the
tax returns of the trust unitholders based on their respective
methods of accounting and tax years without regard to the
accounting method and tax year of the trust.
Following the end of each quarter, the trustee will determine
the amount of funds available as of the end of such quarter for
distribution to the trust unitholders and will make
distributions of available funds, if any, to the unitholders on
or about the 60th day following the end of the quarter to
the unitholders of record on the 50th day following the end
of the quarter. In certain circumstances, however, a trust
unitholder will not receive
66
the distribution attributable to such income. For example, if
the trustee establishes a reserve or borrows money to satisfy
liabilities of the trust, income associated with the cash used
to establish that reserve or to repay that loan must be reported
by the trust unitholder, even though that cash is not
distributed to him.
As described above, the trust will allocate items of income,
gain, loss, deductions and credits to trust unitholders based on
record ownership at the quarterly record dates. It is possible
that the IRS could disagree with this allocation method and
could assert that income and deductions of the trust should be
determined and allocated on a daily or prorated basis, which
could require adjustments to the tax returns of the unitholders
affected by the issue and result in an increase in the
administrative expense of the trust in subsequent periods.
Classification
of the Net Profits Interest
Based on representations made by Whiting regarding the expected
economic life of the underlying properties and the expected
duration of the net profits interest, the net profits interest
should be treated as a production payment under
Section 636 of the Code or otherwise as a debt instrument
for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Thus, each trust
unitholder should be treated as making a loan to Whiting in an
aggregate amount generally equal to the purchase price of the
trust units, and proceeds payable to the trust from the sale of
production from the burdened properties should be treated as
payments of principal and interest on a debt instrument issued
by Whiting.
Whiting will treat the net profits interest as indebtedness
subject to the Treasury Regulations applicable to contingent
payment debt instruments (the CPDI regulations), and
by purchasing trust units, each trust unitholder will agree to
be bound by our application of the CPDI regulations, including
our determination of the rate at which interest will be deemed
to accrue on the net profits interest (treated as a debt
instrument for U.S. federal income tax purposes). The
remainder of this discussion assumes that the net profits
interest will be treated in accordance with that agreement and
our determinations. No assurance can be given that the IRS will
not assert that the net profits interest should be treated
differently. Such different treatment could affect the amount,
timing and character of income, gain or loss in respect of an
investment in trust units and could require a trust unitholder
to accrue interest income at a rate different than the
comparable yield described below.
Tax
Consequences to U.S. Trust Unitholders
Payments
of Interest on the Trust Units
Under the CPDI regulations, U.S. trust unitholders
generally will be required to accrue income on the net profits
interest in the amounts described below, regardless of whether
the U.S. trust unitholder uses the cash or accrual method
of tax accounting.
The CPDI regulations provide that a U.S. trust unitholder
must accrue an amount of ordinary interest income for
U.S. federal income tax purposes, for each accrual period
prior to and including the maturity date of the debt instrument,
that equals:
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the product of (i) the adjusted issue price (as defined
below) of the debt instrument represented by ownership of trust
units as of the beginning of the accrual period; and
(ii) the comparable yield to maturity (as defined below) of
such debt instrument, adjusted for the length of the accrual
period;
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divided by the number of days in the accrual period; and
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multiplied by the number of days during the accrual period that
the trust unitholder held the trust units.
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The issue price of the debt instrument held by the
trust is the first price at which a substantial amount of the
trust units is sold to the public, excluding sales to bond
houses, brokers or similar persons or organizations acting in
the capacity of underwriters, placement agents or wholesalers.
The adjusted issue price of such a debt instrument
is its issue price increased by any interest income previously
accrued, determined without regard to any adjustments to
interest accruals described below, and decreased by the
projected amount of any payments scheduled to be made with
respect to the debt instrument at an earlier time (without
regard to the actual amount paid). The term comparable
yield means the annual yield we would be
67
expected to pay, as of the initial issue date, on a fixed rate
debt security with no contingent payments but with terms and
conditions otherwise comparable to those of the debt instrument
represented by ownership of trust units.
We intend to take the position that the comparable yield for the
debt instrument held by the trust is an annual rate of 9.0%,
compounded semi-annually. The CPDI regulations require that we
provide to trust unitholders, solely for determining the amount
of interest accruals for U.S. federal income tax purposes,
a schedule of the projected amounts of payments, which we refer
to as projected payments, on the debt instrument held by the
trust. These payments set forth on the schedule must produce a
total return on such debt instrument equal to its comparable
yield. Amounts treated as interest under the CPDI regulations
are treated as original issue discount for all purposes of the
Code.
As required by the CPDI regulations, for U.S. federal
income tax purposes, each holder of trust units must use the
comparable yield and the schedule of projected payments as
described above in determining its interest accruals, and the
adjustments thereto described below, in respect of the debt
instrument held by the trust. You may obtain the projected
payment schedule by submitting a written request for such
information to Whiting Petroleum Corporation at 1700 Broadway,
Suite 2300, Denver, Colorado
80290-2300,
Attention: Corporate Secretary.
Our determinations of the comparable yield and the projected
payment schedule are not binding on the IRS and it could
challenge such determinations. If it did so, and if any such
challenge were successful, then the amount and timing of
interest income accruals of the trust unitholders would be
different from those reported by us or included on previously
filed tax returns by the trust unitholders.
The comparable yield and the schedule of projected payments are
not determined for any purpose other than for the determination
for U.S. federal income tax purposes of a trust
unitholders interest accruals and adjustments thereof in
respect of the debt instrument represented by ownership of trust
units and do not constitute a projection or representation
regarding the actual amounts payable on the trust units.
For U.S. federal income tax purposes, a trust unitholder is
required under the contingent payment debt regulations to use
the comparable yield and the projected payment schedule
established by us in determining interest accruals and
adjustments in respect of a unit, unless such trust unitholder
timely discloses and justifies the use of a different comparable
yield and projected payment schedule to the IRS. Pursuant to the
terms of the conveyance, we and every trust unitholder agree (in
the absence of an administrative determination or judicial
ruling to the contrary) to be bound by our determination of the
comparable yield and projected payment schedule.
If, during any taxable year, a U.S. trust unitholder
receives actual payments with respect to the debt instrument
held by the trust that in the aggregate exceed the total amount
of projected payments for that taxable year, the trust
unitholder will incur a net positive adjustment
under the CPDI regulations equal to the amount of such excess.
The U.S. trust unitholder will treat a net positive
adjustment as additional interest income for such taxable
year.
If a U.S. trust unitholder receives in a taxable year
actual payments with respect to the debt instrument held by the
trust that in the aggregate are less than the amount of
projected payments for that taxable year, the U.S. trust
unitholder will incur a net negative adjustment
under the CPDI regulations equal to the amount of such deficit.
This adjustment will (a) reduce the U.S. trust
unitholders interest income on the debt instrument held by
the trust for that taxable year, and (b) to the extent of
any excess after the application of (a) give rise to an
ordinary loss to the extent of the trust unitholders
interest income on such debt instrument during prior taxable
years, reduced to the extent such interest was offset by prior
net negative adjustments. Any negative adjustment in excess of
the amount described in (a) and (b) will be carried
forward, as a negative adjustment to offset future interest
income in respect of the debt instrument held by the trust or to
reduce the amount realized on a sale, exchange, conversion or
retirement of such debt instrument.
The trust is not entitled to claim depletion deductions with
respect to the burdened properties.
68
Disposition
of Trust Units
For U.S. federal income tax purposes, a sale of trust units
will be treated as a sale by the U.S. trust unitholder of
his interest in the assets of the trust. Generally, a
U.S. trust unitholder will recognize gain or loss on a sale
or exchange of trust units equal to the difference between the
amount realized and the U.S. trust unitholders
adjusted tax basis for the trust units sold. A U.S. trust
unitholders adjusted tax basis in his trust units will be
equal to the U.S. trust unitholders original purchase
price for the trust units, increased by any interest income
previously accrued by the U.S. trust unitholder (determined
without regard to any adjustments to interest accruals for
positive or negative adjustments as described above) and
decreased by the amount of any projected payments that have been
previously scheduled to be made in respect of the trust units
(without regard to the actual amount paid).
Gain recognized upon a sale or exchange of a trust unit
attributable to the net profits interest (the amount of which is
reduced by any unused adjustments as discussed above) will
generally be treated as ordinary interest income. Any loss will
be ordinary loss to the extent of interest previously included
in income (reduced by any negative adjustments thereto), and
thereafter, capital loss (which will be long-term if the trust
unit is held for more than one year). Net capital loss may
offset no more than $3,000 of ordinary income in the case of
individuals and may only be used to offset capital gain in the
case of corporations.
Trust Administrative
Expenses
Expenses of the trust will include administrative expenses of
the trustee. The deductions so allowed may be itemized
deductions which may be subject to limitations on deductibility.
Under these rules, administrative expenses attributable to the
trust units are miscellaneous itemized deductions that generally
will have to be aggregated with an individual unitholders
other miscellaneous itemized deductions. These rules disallow
itemized deductions that are less than 2% of a taxpayers
adjusted gross income, or reduce the amount of itemized
deductions that are otherwise allowable by the lesser of
(i) 3% of (A) adjusted gross income over
(B) $100,000 ($50,000 in the case of a separate return by a
married individual) and (ii) 80% of the amount of itemized
deductions that are otherwise allowable, or both. It is
anticipated that the amount of such administrative expenses will
not be significant in relation to the trusts income.
Backup
Withholding and Information Reporting
Payments of principal and interest on, and the proceeds of
dispositions of, the trust units, may be subject to information
reporting and U.S. federal backup withholding tax if the
trust unitholder thereof fails to supply an accurate taxpayer
identification number or otherwise fails to comply with
applicable U.S. information reporting or certification
requirements. Any amounts so withheld will be allowed as a
credit against the trust unitholders U.S. federal
income tax liability and may entitle the trust unitholder to a
refund, provided that the required information is timely
furnished to the IRS.
Tax
Consequences to
Non-U.S.
Trust Unitholders
The following is a summary of certain material United States
federal income tax consequences that will apply to you if you
are a
non-U.S. trust
unitholder.
Non-U.S. trust
unitholders should consult their own independent tax advisors to
determine the U.S. federal, state, local and foreign tax
consequences that may be relevant to them.
Payments
with Respect to the Trust Units
Interest paid with respect to the net profits interest will be
treated as interest, the amount of which is
contingent on the earnings of Whiting, and thus will
not qualify for the portfolio interest exemption
under Sections 871 and 881 of the Code. As a result, such
interest will be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax at
a 30% rate unless the
non-U.S. trust
unitholder is eligible for a lower rate under an applicable
income tax treaty or the interest is effectively connected with
the
non-U.S. trust
unitholders conduct of a trade or business in the United
States, and in either case, the
non-U.S. trust
unitholder provides appropriate certification. A
non-U.S. trust
unitholder generally can meet the certification requirement by
providing an IRS
Form W-8BEN
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(in the case of a claim of treaty benefits) or a
W-8 ECI
(with respect to the
non-U.S. trust
unitholders conduct of a U.S. trade or business).
If a
non-U.S. trust
unitholder is engaged in a trade or business in the United
States, and if payments on or gain realized on a sale or other
disposition of a trust unit are effectively connected with the
conduct of this trade or business, the
non-U.S. trust
unitholder, although exempt from U.S. withholding tax (if
the appropriate certification is furnished), will generally be
taxed in the same manner as a U.S. trust unitholder (see
Tax Consequences to
U.S. Trust Unitholders above). Any such
non-U.S. trust
unitholder should consult its own tax advisers with respect to
other tax consequences of the ownership of the trust units,
including the possible imposition of a 30% branch profits tax in
the case of a
non-U.S. trust
unitholder that is classified for federal income tax purposes as
a corporation.
Sale
or Exchange of Trust Units
The net profits interest will be treated as United States
real property interests for U.S. federal income tax
purposes. However, as long as the trust units are regularly
traded on an established securities market, gain realized by a
non-U.S. trust
unitholder on a sale of trust units will be subject to federal
income tax only if:
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the gain is, or is treated as, effectively connected with
business conducted by the
non-U.S. trust
unitholder in the United States, and in the case of an
applicable tax treaty, is attributable to a U.S. permanent
establishment maintained by the
non-U.S. trust
unitholder;
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the
non-U.S. trust
unitholder is an individual who is present in the United States
for at least 183 days in the year of the sale and certain
other conditions are met; or
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the
non-U.S. trust
unitholder owns currently, or owned at certain earlier times,
directly or by applying certain attribution rules, more than 5%
of the trust units.
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A
non-U.S. trust
unitholder will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on
any gain allocable to the
non-U.S. trust
unitholder upon the sale by the trust of all or any part of the
net profits interest, and distributions to the
non-U.S. trust
unitholder will be subject to withholding of U.S. tax
(currently at the rate of 35%) to the extent the distributions
are attributable to such gains.
Backup
Withholding Tax and Information Reporting
Payments to
non-U.S. trust
unitholders of interest, and amounts withheld from such
payments, if any, generally will be required to be reported to
the IRS and to the
non-U.S. trust
unitholder.
A
non-U.S. trust
unitholder may be subject to backup withholding tax, currently
at a rate of 28%, with respect to payments from the trust and
the proceeds from dispositions of trust units, unless such
non-U.S. trust
unitholder complies with certain certification requirements
(usually satisfied by providing a duly completed IRS
Form W-8BEN)
or otherwise establishes an exemption. Backup withholding is not
an additional tax. Any amounts so withheld will be allowed as a
credit against the
non-U.S. trust
unitholders U.S. federal income tax liability and may
entitle the
non-U.S. trust
unitholder to a refund, provided that the required information
is timely furnished to the IRS.
Payments of the proceeds of a sale of a trust unit effected by
the U.S. office of a U.S. or foreign broker will be
subject to information reporting requirements and backup
withholding unless the
non-U.S. trust
unitholder properly certifies under penalties of perjury as to
its foreign status and certain other conditions are met or the
non-U.S. trust
unitholder otherwise establishes an exemption. Information
reporting requirements and backup withholding generally will not
apply to a payment of the proceeds of the sale of a trust unit
effected outside of the United States by a foreign office of a
broker. However, unless such a broker has documentary evidence
in its records that the holder is a
non-U.S. trust
unitholder and certain other conditions are met, or the
non-U.S. trust
unitholder otherwise establishes an exemption, information
reporting will apply to a payment of the proceeds of the sale of
a trust unit effected outside the United States by such a broker
if it:
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is a United States person;
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derives 50% or more of its gross income for certain periods from
the conduct of a trade or business in the United States;
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is a controlled foreign corporation for U.S. federal income
tax purposes; or
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is a foreign partnership that, at any time during its taxable
year, has more than 50% of its income or capital interests owned
by United States persons or is engaged in the conduct of a
U.S. trade or business.
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Consequences
to Tax Exempt Organizations
Employee benefit plans and most other organizations exempt from
U.S. federal income tax including IRAs and other retirement
plans are subject to U.S. federal income tax on unrelated
business taxable income. Because the trusts income is not
expected to be unrelated business taxable income, such a
tax-exempt organization is not expected to be taxed on income
generated by ownership of trust units so long as the trust units
are not treated as debt-financed property within the meaning of
Section 514(b) of the Code.
PROSPECTIVE INVESTORS IN TRUST UNITS ARE STRONGLY
ENCOURAGED TO CONSULT THEIR OWN TAX ADVISORS WITH RESPECT TO THE
TAX CONSEQUENCES TO THEM OF THE PURCHASE, OWNERSHIP AND
DISPOSITION OF THE TRUST UNITS IN LIGHT OF THEIR OWN
PARTICULAR CIRCUMSTANCES, INCLUDING THE TAX CONSEQUENCES UNDER
STATE, LOCAL, FOREIGN AND OTHER TAX LAWS AND THE POSSIBLE
EFFECTS OF CHANGES IN UNITED STATES FEDERAL OR OTHER TAX LAWS.
71
The following is intended as a brief summary of certain
information regarding state income taxes and other state tax
matters affecting individuals who are trust unitholders.
Unitholders are urged to consult their own legal and tax
advisors with respect to these matters.
Prospective investors should consider state and local tax
consequences of an investment in the trust units. The trust will
own the net profits interest burdening specified oil and natural
gas properties located in the state of North Dakota, Texas,
Oklahoma, Arkansas, Montana, Wyoming, Michigan, New Mexico,
Alabama, Louisiana, Colorado, Kansas, Utah and Mississippi.
These states are listed in this order based on the pre-tax PV10%
value in the reserve report.
The income tax laws of North Dakota, Oklahoma, Montana,
Michigan, New Mexico, Alabama, Louisiana, Colorado, Utah and
Kansas generally conform to federal income tax laws, meaning
that for state income tax purposes in those states, the trust
should be treated as a grantor trust, a trust unitholder should
be considered to own and receive his or her share of the
trusts assets and income, and the net profits interest
should be treated as a debt instrument. An individual who is a
nonresident in such states generally will not be subject to
income tax from such state on the individuals share of the
trusts income, except to the extent the trust units are
employed by such trust unitholder in a trade, business,
profession or occupation carried on in such state. In general,
an individual trust unitholder will not be deemed to carry on a
trade, business, profession or occupation in such state solely
by reason of the purchase and sale of trust units for such
nonresidents own account as an investor. An individual who
is a resident of such state will be subject to income tax in
such state on that individuals share of the trusts
income. The trust should not be required to withhold income tax
from such states on distributions made to an individual resident
or nonresident trust unitholder as long as the trust is taxed as
a grantor trust under the Code.
Neither Texas nor Wyoming have a state income tax applicable to
individuals. The trust should not be required to withhold income
tax from such states on distributions made to an individual
resident or nonresident trust unitholder as long as the trust is
taxed as a grantor trust under the Code.
The trust units may constitute real property or an interest in
real property under the inheritance, estate and probate laws of
the states where the underlying properties are located.
72
The Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended,
regulates pension, profit-sharing and other employee benefit
plans to which it applies. ERISA also contains standards for
persons who are fiduciaries of those plans. In addition, the
Internal Revenue Code provides similar requirements and
standards which are applicable to qualified plans, which include
these types of plans, and to individual retirement accounts,
whether or not subject to ERISA.
A fiduciary of an employee benefit plan should carefully
consider fiduciary standards under ERISA regarding the
plans particular circumstances before authorizing an
investment in trust units. A fiduciary should consider:
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whether the investment satisfies the prudence requirements of
Section 404(a)(1)(B) of ERISA;
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whether the investment satisfies the diversification
requirements of Section 404(a)(1)(C) of ERISA; and
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whether the investment is in accordance with the documents and
instruments governing the plan as required by Section
404(a)(1)(D) of ERISA.
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A fiduciary should also consider whether an investment in trust
units might result in direct or indirect nonexempt prohibited
transactions under Section 406 of ERISA and Internal
Revenue Code Section 4975. In deciding whether an
investment involves a prohibited transaction, a fiduciary must
determine whether there are plan assets in the transaction. The
Department of Labor has published final regulations concerning
whether or not an employee benefit plans assets would be
deemed to include an interest in the underlying assets of an
entity for purposes of the reporting, disclosure and fiduciary
responsibility provisions of ERISA and analogous provisions of
the Internal Revenue Code. These regulations provide that the
underlying assets of an entity will not be considered plan
assets if the equity interests in the entity are a
publicly offered security. Whiting expects that at the time of
the sale of the trust units in this offering, they will be
publicly offered securities. Fiduciaries, however, will need to
determine whether the acquisition of trust units is a nonexempt
prohibited transaction under the general requirements of ERISA
Section 406 and Internal Revenue Code Section 4975.
The prohibited transaction rules are complex, and persons
involved in prohibited transactions are subject to penalties.
For that reason, potential employee benefit plan investors
should consult with their counsel to determine the consequences
under ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code of their acquisition
and ownership of trust units.
73
Prior to the closing of this offering, Whiting Petroleum
Corporations wholly-owned subsidiaries, Whiting Oil and
Gas Corporation and Equity Oil Company, will convey the net
profits interest to the trust in consideration for the issuance
by the trust
of
units, which will be distributed as a dividend to Whiting
Petroleum Corporation. Of those trust units, are being offered
hereby
and
will be subject to purchase by the underwriters pursuant to the
underwriters option to purchase additional trust units.
Whiting may from time to time sell any trust units it has
retained. Whiting has agreed, however, not to sell any of such
trust units for a period of 180 days after the date of this
prospectus without the consent of Raymond James &
Associates, Inc., acting as representative of the several
underwriters. See Underwriting.
The following table provides information regarding the selling
trust unitholders ownership of the trust units. This table
assumes the underwriters option to purchase additional
trust units is not exercised.
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Ownership of trust units before offering
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Number of trust
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Ownership of trust units after offering
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Selling Trust Unitholder
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Number
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Percentage
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units being offered
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Number
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Percentage
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Whiting Petroleum Corporation
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100.0
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%
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21.7
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%
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Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for the
trust units. Therefore, if Whiting disposes of its retained
trust units, the effect of such disposal on future market
prices, if any, of market sales of such remaining trust units or
the availability of trust units for sale cannot be predicted.
Nevertheless, sales of substantial amounts of trust units in the
public market could adversely affect future market prices.
74
Subject to the terms and conditions in an underwriting agreement
dated ,
2008, the underwriters named below, for whom Raymond
James & Associates, Inc., is acting as representative,
have severally agreed to purchase from Whiting the number of
trust units set forth opposite their names:
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Number of
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Underwriter
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Trust Units
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Raymond James & Associates, Inc.
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Total
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The underwriting agreement provides that the obligations of the
underwriters to purchase and accept delivery of the trust units
offered by this prospectus are subject to approval by their
counsel of legal matters and to other conditions set forth in
the underwriting agreement. The underwriters are obligated to
purchase and accept delivery of all of the trust units offered
by this prospectus if any of the units are purchased, other than
those covered by the option to purchase additional trust units
described below.
The underwriters propose to offer the trust units directly to
the public at the public offering price indicated on the cover
page of this prospectus and to various dealers at that price
less a concession not in excess of
$ per unit. The underwriters may
allow, and the dealers may re-allow, a concession not in excess
of $ per unit to other dealers. If
all of the trust units are not sold at the public offering
price, the underwriters may change the public offering price and
other selling terms. The trust units are offered by the
underwriters as stated in this prospectus, subject to receipt
and acceptance by them. The underwriters reserve the right to
reject an order for the purchase of the trust units in whole or
in part.
Option to
Purchase Additional Trust Units
Whiting has granted the underwriters an option, exercisable for
30 days after the date of this prospectus, to purchase from
time to time up to an aggregate
of
additional trust units to cover over-allotments, if any, at the
public offering price less the underwriting discounts and
commissions set forth on the cover page of this prospectus. If
the underwriters exercise this option, each underwriter, subject
to certain conditions, will become obligated to purchase its pro
rata portion of these additional units based on the
underwriters percentage purchase commitment in this
offering as indicated in the table above. The underwriters may
exercise the option to purchase additional trust units only to
cover over-allotments made in connection with the sale of the
trust units offered in this offering.
Discounts
and Expenses
The following table shows the amount per unit and total
underwriting discounts Whiting will pay to the underwriters
(dollars in thousands, except per unit). The amounts are shown
assuming both no exercise and full exercise of the
underwriters option to purchase additional trust units.
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Per Unit
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No Exercise
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Full Exercise
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Initial public offering price
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$
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$
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$
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Underwriting discounts and commissions
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$
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$
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$
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Proceeds, before expenses, to Whiting
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$
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$
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$
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Whiting will pay Raymond James & Associates, Inc. a
structuring fee of $ (or
$ if the underwriters exercise
their option to purchase additional trust units to cover
over-allotments) for evaluation, analysis and structuring of the
trust.
The other expenses of this offering that are payable by Whiting
are estimated to be $ million
(exclusive of underwriting discounts and commissions). In no
event will the maximum amount of compensation to be paid to
members of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, or the
FINRA, in connection with this offering exceed 10%
plus 0.5% for bona fide due diligence expenses.
75
Indemnification
Whiting has agreed to indemnify the underwriters against various
liabilities that may arise in connection with this offering,
including liabilities under the Securities Act for errors or
omissions in this prospectus or the registration statement of
which this prospectus is a part. However, Whiting will not
indemnify the underwriters if the error or omission was the
result of information the underwriters supplied in writing for
inclusion in this prospectus or the registration statement. If
Whiting cannot indemnify the underwriters, it has agreed to
contribute to payments the underwriters may be required to make
in respect of those liabilities. Whitings contributions
would be in the proportion that the proceeds (after underwriting
discounts and commissions) that Whiting receives from this
offering bear to the proceeds (from underwriting discounts and
commissions) that the underwriters receive. If Whiting cannot
contribute in this proportion, Whiting will contribute based on
its respective faults and benefits, as set forth in the
underwriting agreement.
Lock-up
Agreements
Subject to specified exceptions, Whiting has agreed with the
underwriters, for a period of 180 days after the date of
this prospectus, not to offer, sell, contract to sell or
otherwise dispose of or transfer any trust units or any
securities convertible into or exchangeable for trust units
without the prior written consent of Raymond James &
Associates, Inc. These agreements also preclude any hedging
collar or other transaction designed or reasonably expected to
result in a disposition of trust units or securities convertible
into or exercisable or exchangeable for trust units. Raymond
James & Associates, Inc. may, in its discretion and at
any time without notice, release all or any portion of the
securities subject to these agreements. Raymond
James & Associates, Inc. does not have any present
intent or any understanding to release all or any portion of the
securities subject to these agreements.
The 180-day
period described in the preceding paragraphs will be extended if:
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during the last 17 days of the
180-day
period, the trust issues a release concerning distributable cash
or announces material news or a material event relating to the
trust occurs; or
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prior to the expiration of the
180-day
period, the trust announces that it will release distributable
cash results during the
16-day
period beginning on the last day of the
180-day
period,
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in which case the restrictions described in the preceding
paragraphs will continue to apply until the expiration of the
18-day
period beginning on the issuance of the earnings release, the
announcement of the material news or the occurrence of the
material event.
Stabilization
Until this offering is completed, rules of the SEC may limit the
ability of the underwriters and various selling group members to
bid for and purchase the trust units. As an exception to these
rules, the underwriters may engage in activities that stabilize,
maintain or otherwise affect the price of the trust units,
including:
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short sales,
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syndicate covering transactions,
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imposition of penalty bids, and
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purchases to cover positions created by short sales.
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Stabilizing transactions consist of bids or purchases made for
the purpose of preventing or retarding a decline in the market
price of the trust units while this offering is in progress.
Stabilizing transactions may include making short sales of trust
units, which involve the sale by the underwriter of a greater
number of trust units than it is required to purchase in this
offering and purchasing trust units from Whiting or in the open
market to cover positions created by short sales. Short sales
may be covered shorts, which are short positions in
an amount not greater than the underwriters option to
purchase additional trust units referred to above, or may be
naked shorts, which are short positions in excess of
that amount.
76
Each underwriter may close out any covered short position either
by exercising its option to purchase additional trust units, in
whole or in part, or by purchasing trust units in the open
market. In making this determination, each underwriter will
consider, among other things, the price of trust units available
for purchase in the open market compared to the price at which
the underwriter may purchase trust units pursuant to the option
to purchase additional trust units.
A naked short position is more likely to be created if the
underwriters are concerned that there may be downward pressure
on the price of the trust units in the open market that could
adversely affect investors who purchased in this offering. To
the extent that the underwriters create a naked short position,
they will purchase trust units in the open market to cover the
position.
The underwriters also may impose a penalty bid on selling group
members. This means that if the underwriters purchase trust
units in the open market in stabilizing transactions or to cover
short sales, the underwriters can require the selling group
members that sold those trust units as part of this offering to
repay the selling concession received by them.
As a result of these activities, the price of the trust units
may be higher than the price that otherwise might exist in the
open market. If the underwriters commence these activities, they
may discontinue them without notice at any time. The
underwriters may carry out these transactions on the New York
Stock Exchange or otherwise.
Conflicts/Affiliates
The underwriters and their affiliates may provide in the future
investment banking, financial advisory or other financial
services for Whiting and its affiliates, for which they may
receive advisory or transaction fees, as applicable, plus
out-of-pocket expenses, of the nature and in amounts customary
in the industry for these financial services.
Discretionary
Accounts
The underwriters may confirm sales of the trust units offered by
this prospectus to accounts over which they exercise
discretionary authority but do not expect those sales to exceed
5% of the total trust units offered by this prospectus.
Listing
Whiting intends to apply to list the trust units on the New York
Stock Exchange under the symbol WHX.
IPO
Pricing
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for the
trust units. Consequently, the initial public offering price for
the trust units will be determined by negotiations among Whiting
and the underwriters. The primary factors to be considered in
determining the initial public offering price will be:
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estimates of distributions to trust unitholders,
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overall quality of the oil and natural gas properties
attributable to the underlying properties,
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industry and market conditions prevalent in the energy industry,
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the information set forth in this prospectus and otherwise
available to the representatives and
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the general conditions of the securities markets at the time of
this offering.
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Electronic
Prospectus
A prospectus in electronic format may be available on the
Internet sites or through other online services maintained by
one or more of the underwriters and selling group members
participating in this offering, or by
77
their affiliates. In those cases, prospective investors may view
offering terms online and, depending upon the underwriter or the
selling group member, prospective investors may be allowed to
place orders online. The underwriters may agree with Whiting to
allocate a specific number of trust units for sale to online
brokerage account holders. Any such allocation for online
distributions will be made by the underwriters on the same basis
as other allocations.
Other than the prospectus in electronic format, the information
on any underwriters or any selling group members
website and any information contained in any other website
maintained by the underwriters or any selling group member is
not part of this prospectus or the registration statement of
which this prospectus forms a part, has not been approved or
endorsed by Whiting or any underwriters or any selling group
member in its capacity as underwriter or selling group member
and should not be relied upon by investors.
NASD
Conduct Rules
Because the FINRA is expected to view the trust units offered
hereby as interests in a direct participation program, this
offering is being made in compliance with Rule 2810 of the
NASDs Conduct Rules. Investor suitability with respect to
the trust units should be judged similarly to the suitability
with respect to other securities that are listed for trading on
a national securities exchange.
78
Richards, Layton & Finger, P.A., as special Delaware
counsel to the trust, will give a legal opinion as to the
validity of the trust units. Foley & Lardner LLP, will
give opinions as to certain other matters relating to the
offering, including the tax opinion described in the section of
this prospectus captioned Federal Income Tax
Consequences. Certain legal matters in connection with the
trust units will be passed upon for the underwriters by
Vinson & Elkins L.L.P.
The statements of historical revenues and direct operating
expenses of the underlying properties for each of the three
years in the period ended December 31, 2006, included in
this prospectus have been audited by Deloitte & Touche
LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated
in their report appearing herein and elsewhere in the
registration statement and are included in reliance upon the
reports of such firm given upon their authority as experts in
accounting and auditing.
The statement of assets and trust corpus of Whiting USA
Trust I as of November 16, 2007, included in this
prospectus has been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP,
an independent registered public accounting firm as stated in
their report appearing herein and elsewhere in the registration
statement and is included in reliance upon the reports of such
firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
The financial statements and managements report on the
effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting
incorporated in this prospectus by reference from Whiting
Petroleum Corporations Annual Report on
Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2006 have been audited by
Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered
public accounting firm, as stated in their reports, which are
incorporated herein by reference, and have been so incorporated
in reliance upon the reports of such firm given upon their
authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
Certain information appearing in this prospectus regarding the
September 30, 2007 estimated quantities of reserves of the
underlying properties and net profits interest owned by the
trust, the future net revenues from those reserves and their
present value is based on estimates of the reserves and present
values prepared by or derived from estimates prepared by Cawley,
Gillespie & Associates, Inc., independent petroleum
engineers.
Certain information with respect to Whitings oil and
natural gas reserves derived from the reports of Ryder Scott
Company, L.P., Cawley Gillespie & Associates, Inc.,
and R.A. Lenser & Associates, Inc., each independent
petroleum engineering consultants, has been incorporated in this
prospectus by reference from Whiting Petroleum
Corporations Annual Report on
Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2006 on the authority of
said firms as experts in petroleum engineering.
79
WHERE
YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
Whiting files annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy
statements and other information with the SEC. Whiting and the
trust have filed with the SEC a registration statement,
including exhibits, under the Securities Act of 1933 with
respect to the trust units offered by this prospectus. This
prospectus is a part of the registration statement, but does not
contain all of the information included in the registration
statement or the exhibits. You may read and copy the
registration statement and any other document that Whiting files
at the SECs public reference room at
100 F Street, N.E., Washington D.C. 20549. You can
call the SEC at
1-800-SEC-0330
for further information on the operation of the public reference
room. You can also find the trusts and Whitings
public filings with the SEC on the internet at a web site
maintained by the SEC located at
http://www.sec.gov.
Whiting is incorporating by reference specified
documents that Whiting files with the SEC, which means:
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incorporated documents are considered part of this prospectus;
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Whiting is disclosing important information to you by referring
you to those documents; and
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information Whiting files with the SEC will automatically update
and supersede information contained in this prospectus.
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Whiting incorporates by reference the documents listed below and
any future filings Whiting makes with the SEC under
Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 after the date of this prospectus and
before the end of the offering of the securities pursuant to
this prospectus:
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Whitings Annual Report on
Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2006;
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Whitings Quarterly Reports on
Form 10-Q
for the quarters ended March 31, 2007, June 30, 2007
and September 30, 2007; and
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Whitings Current Reports on
Form 8-K,
dated January 12, 2007, June 21, 2007, June 27,
2007 and October 23, 2007.
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Information in this prospectus supersedes related information in
the documents listed above, and information in subsequently
filed documents supersedes related information in this
prospectus and the incorporated documents.
You may request a copy of any of these filings, at no cost, by
request directed to Whiting at the following address or
telephone number:
Whiting Petroleum Corporation
1700 Broadway, Suite 2300
Denver, Colorado 80290
(303) 837-1661
Attention: Corporate Secretary
You can also find these filings on Whitings website at
www.whiting.com. However, Whiting is not incorporating the
information on Whitings website other than these filings
into this prospectus.
80
GLOSSARY
OF CERTAIN OIL AND NATURAL GAS TERMS
In this prospectus the following terms have the meanings
specified below.
Bbl One stock tank barrel, or 42
U.S. gallons liquid volume, used in this prospectus in
reference to oil and other liquid hydrocarbons.
Bcf One billion cubic feet of natural gas.
BOE One stock tank barrel of oil equivalent,
computed on an approximate energy equivalent basis that one Bbl
of crude oil equals six Mcf of natural gas and one Bbl of crude
oil equals one Bbl of natural gas liquids.
BOE/d One BOE per day.
Bcfe One billion cubic feet equivalent,
determined using the ratio of six Mcf of natural gas to one Bbl
of crude oil, condensate or natural gas liquids.
Btu or British Thermal Unit The
quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of one pound
of water one degree Fahrenheit.
Completion The installation of permanent
equipment for the production of oil or natural gas, or in the
case of a dry hole, the reporting of abandonment to the
appropriate agency.
COPAS The Council of Petroleum Accountants
Societies.
Costless collar An options position where the
proceeds from the sale of a call option fund the purchase of a
put option.
Differential The difference between a
benchmark price of oil and natural gas, such as the NYMEX crude
oil spot, and the wellhead price received.
Estimated Future Net Revenues Also referred
to as estimated future net cash flows. The result of
applying current prices of oil, natural gas and natural gas
liquids to estimated future production from oil, natural gas and
natural gas liquids proved reserves, reduced by estimated future
expenditures, based on current costs to be incurred, in
developing and producing the proved reserves, excluding overhead.
Farm-in or Farm-out Agreement An agreement
under which the owner of a working interest in an oil or natural
gas lease typically assigns the working interest or a portion of
the working interest to another party who desires to drill on
the leased acreage. Generally, the assignee is required to drill
one or more wells in order to earn its interest in the acreage.
The assignor usually retains a royalty or reversionary interest
in the lease. The interest received by an assignee is a
farm-in while the interest transferred by the
assignor is a farm-out.
Field An area consisting of either a single
reservoir or multiple reservoirs, all grouped on or related to
the same individual geological structural feature
and/or
stratigraphic condition.
Gross Acres or Gross Wells The total acres or
wells, as the case may be, in which a working interest is owned.
MBbl One thousand barrels of crude oil or
other liquid hydrocarbons.
MBOE One thousand BOE.
Mcf One thousand standard cubic feet of
natural gas.
MMBbl One million barrels of crude oil or
other liquid hydrocarbons.
MMBOE One million BOE.
MMcf One million cubic feet of natural
gas.
Net Acres or Net Wells The sum of the
fractional working interests owned in gross acres or wells, as
the case may be.
81
Net Profits Interest A nonoperating interest
that creates a share in gross production from an operating or
working interest in oil and natural gas properties. The share is
measured by net profits from the sale of production after
deducting costs associated with that production.
Net Revenue Interest An interest in all oil,
natural gas and natural gas liquids produced and saved from, or
attributable to, a particular property, net of all royalties,
overriding royalties, net profits interests, carried interests,
reversionary interests and any other burdens to which the
persons interest is subject.
Plugging and Abandonment Refers to the
sealing off of fluids in the strata penetrated by a well so that
the fluids from one stratum will not escape into another or to
the surface. Regulations of many states require plugging of
abandoned wells.
Pre-tax PV10% The present value of estimated
future revenues to be generated from the production of proved
reserves calculated in accordance with Securities and Exchange
Commission (SEC) guidelines, net of estimated lease
operating expense, production taxes and future development
costs, using price and costs as of the date of estimation
without future escalation, without giving effect to non-property
related expenses such as general and administrative expenses,
debt service and depreciation, depletion and amortization, or
Federal income taxes and discounted using an annual discount
rate of 10%. Pre-tax PV10% may be considered a non-GAAP
financial measure as defined by the SEC.
Proved Developed Producing Reserves Proved
developed reserves that are expected to be recovered from
completion intervals currently open in existing wells and
capable of production to market.
Proved Developed Reserves Has the meaning
given to such term in
Rule 4-10(a)(3)
of
Regulation S-X,
which defines proved developed reserves as:
Proved developed oil and gas reserves are reserves that can be
expected to be recovered through existing wells with existing
equipment and operating methods. Additional oil and gas expected
to be obtained through the application of fluid injection or
other improved recovery techniques for supplementing the natural
forces and mechanisms of primary recovery should be included as
proved developed reserves only after testing by a pilot project
or after the operation of an installed program has confirmed
through production response that increased recovery will be
achieved.
Proved Reserves Has the meaning given to such
term in
Rule 4-10(a)(2)
of
Regulation S-X,
which defines proved developed reserves as:
Proved oil and gas reserves are the estimated quantities of
crude oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquids which geological
and engineering data demonstrate with reasonable certainty to be
recoverable in future years from known reservoirs under existing
economic and operating conditions, i.e., prices and costs as of
the date the estimate is made. Prices include consideration of
changes in existing prices provided only by contractual
arrangements, but not on escalations based upon future
conditions.
(i) Reservoirs are considered proved if economic
producibility is supported by either actual production or
conclusive formation test. The area of a reservoir considered
proved includes (A) that portion delineated by drilling and
defined by gas-oil
and/or
oil-water contacts, if any, and (B) the immediately
adjoining portions not yet drilled, but which can be reasonably
judged as economically productive on the basis of available
geological and engineering data. In the absence of information
on fluid contacts, the lowest known structural occurrence of
hydrocarbons controls the lower proved limit of the reservoir.
(ii) Reserves which can be produced economically through
application of improved recovery techniques (such as fluid
injection) are included in the proved classification when
successful testing by a pilot project, or the operation of an
installed program in the reservoir, provides support for the
engineering analysis on which the project or program was based.
(iii) Estimates of proved reserves do not include the
following: (A) Oil that may become available from known
reservoirs but is classified separately as indicated additional
reserves; (B) crude oil, natural gas, and natural gas
liquids, the recovery of which is subject to reasonable doubt
because of uncertainty as to geology, reservoir characteristics,
or economic factors; (C) crude oil, natural gas,
82
and natural gas liquids, that may occur in undrilled prospects;
and (D) crude oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquids,
that may be recovered from oil shales, coal, gilsonite and other
such sources.
Recompletion The completion for production of
an existing well bore in another formation from which that well
has been previously completed.
Reservoir A porous and permeable underground
formation containing a natural accumulation of producible crude
oil and/or
natural gas that is confined by impermeable rock or water
barriers and is individual and separate from other reservoirs.
Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash
Flows Also referred to herein as
standardized measure. It is the present value of
estimated future net revenues computed by discounting estimated
future net revenues at a rate of 10% annually.
The Financial Accounting Standards Board requires disclosure of
standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows
relating to proved oil and gas reserve quantities, per
paragraph 30 of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
No. 69, as follows:
A standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows
relating to an enterprises interests in (a) proved
oil and gas reserves and (b) oil and gas subject to
purchase under long-term supply, purchase, or similar agreements
and contracts in which the enterprise participates in the
operation of the properties on which the oil or gas is located
or otherwise serves as the producer of those reserves shall be
disclosed as of the end of the year. The standardized measure of
discounted future net cash flows relating to those two types of
interests in reserves may be combined for reporting purposes.
The following information shall be disclosed in the aggregate
and for each geographic area for which reserve quantities are
disclosed:
a. Future cash inflows. These shall be computed by applying
year-end prices of oil and gas relating to the enterprises
proved reserves to the year- end quantities of those reserves.
Future price changes shall be considered only to the extent
provided by contractual arrangements in existence at year-end.
b. Future development and production costs. These costs
shall be computed by estimating the expenditures to be incurred
in developing and producing the proved oil and gas reserves at
the end of the year, based on year-end costs and assuming
continuation of existing economic conditions. If estimated
development expenditures are significant, they shall be
presented separately from estimated production costs.
c. Future income tax expenses. These expenses shall be
computed by applying the appropriate year-end statutory tax
rates, with consideration of future tax rates already
legislated, to the future pre-tax net cash flows relating to the
enterprises proved oil and gas reserves, less the tax
basis of the properties involved. The future income tax expenses
shall give effect to tax deductions, tax credits and allowances
relating to the enterprises proved oil and gas reserves.
d. Future net cash flows. These amounts are the result of
subtracting future development and production costs and future
income tax expenses from future cash inflows.
e. Discount. This amount shall be derived from using a
discount rate of 10 percent a year to reflect the timing of
the future net cash flows relating to proved oil and gas
reserves.
f. Standardized measure of discounted future net cash
flows. This amount is the future net cash flows less the
computed discount.
Working Interest The interest in an crude oil
and natural gas property (normally a leasehold interest) that
gives the owner the right to drill, produce and conduct
operations on the property and to share in production, subject
to all royalties, overriding royalties and other burdens and to
share in all costs of exploration, development and operations
and all risks in connection therewith.
Workover Operations on a producing well to
restore or increase production.
83
Index
to Financial Statements
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Page
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Underlying Properties:
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F-2
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F-3
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F-4
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Whiting USA Trust I:
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F-7
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F-8
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F-9
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F-11
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F-12
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F-13
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F-14
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F-1
Report
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors of
Whiting Petroleum Corporation
Denver, Colorado
We have audited the accompanying statements of historical
revenues and direct operating expenses of the Underlying
Properties (the Properties) of Whiting Petroleum
Corporation (the Company) for each of the three
years in the period ended December 31, 2006. These
statements are the responsibility of the Companys
management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these
statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those
standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are
free of material misstatement. The Properties are not required
to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of the
Properties internal control over financial reporting. Our
audit included consideration of internal control over financial
reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are
appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of
expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the
Properties internal control over financial reporting.
Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes
examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and
disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the
accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial
statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
The accompanying statements were prepared for the purpose of
complying with the rules and regulations of the Securities and
Exchange Commission as described in the notes to the statements
and are not intended to be a complete presentation of the
Companys interests in the Properties.
In our opinion, the statements referred to above present fairly,
in all material respects, the historical revenues and direct
operating expenses, described in the notes, of the Properties
for each of the three years in the period ended
December 31, 2006, in conformity with accounting principles
generally accepted in the United States of America.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
Denver, Colorado
November 16, 2007
F-2
STATEMENTS
OF HISTORICAL REVENUES
AND
DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES
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Nine months ended
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Year ended December 31,
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September 30,
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2004
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2005
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2006
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2006
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2007
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(Unaudited)
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(Unaudited)
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Revenues:
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Oil sales
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$
|
30,539,666
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|
|
$
|
43,498,823
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|
|
$
|
53,232,066
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|
|
$
|
41,058,591
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|
|
$
|
41,148,501
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Natural gas sales
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23,460,243
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|
|
|
36,135,271
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|
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|
31,397,455
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|
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|
24,193,531
|
|
|
|
20,736,595
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|
|
|
|
|
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|
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|
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Total revenues
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53,999,909
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|
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|
79,634,094
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|
|
|
84,629,521
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|
65,252,122
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|
61,885,096
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|
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Direct operating expenses:
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|
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|
|
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|
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|
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Lease operating
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10,854,433
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16,180,693
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21,912,702
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15,687,225
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16,952,622
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Production tax
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3,954,703
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5,602,452
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6,006,308
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4,621,121
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|
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4,365,517
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|
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|
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Total direct operating expenses
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14,809,136
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|
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21,783,145
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|
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27,919,010
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|
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20,308,346
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|
|
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21,318,139
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Excess of revenues over direct operating expenses
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$
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39,190,773
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$
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57,850,949
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$
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56,710,511
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$
|
44,943,776
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$
|
40,566,957
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.
F-3
UNDERLYING
PROPERTIES
NOTES TO STATEMENTS OF HISTORICAL REVENUES
AND DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES
For the years ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006
(information for the nine months ended September 30, 2006
and 2007 is unaudited)
The underlying properties are net interests in oil and natural
gas producing properties owned by Whiting Petroleum
Corporations wholly-owned subsidiaries Whiting Oil and Gas
Corporation and Equity Oil Company (Whiting) and
located in mature producing fields that have established
production profiles in the Rocky Mountains, Mid-Continent,
Permian Basin and Gulf Coast regions of the United States.
Whiting conveyed to the Whiting USA Trust I (the
Trust) the right to receive 90% of the term net
proceeds from these underlying properties (Net Profits
Interest), with Whiting retaining title to the underlying
properties.
Significant property acquisitions were made by Whiting during
the three-year period presented in the accompanying financial
statements. The accompanying statements include the historical
revenues and direct operating expenses from these acquired
properties beginning on the following dates: Equity Oil Company,
July 20, 2004; Permian Basin Properties, September 23,
2004; Institutional Partnership Interests, June 23, 2005;
Celero Energy, LP, October 4, 2005; and Howard Energy,
August 3, 2006.
The accompanying statements of historical revenues and direct
operating expenses of the underlying properties were derived
from the historical accounting records of Whiting and are
presented on the accrual basis of accounting before the effects
of conveyance of the Net Profits Interest. Revenue from oil,
natural gas and natural gas liquid sales is recognized when
sold. The statements do not include depreciation, depletion and
amortization, general and administrative expenses, interest
expense or other expenses of an indirect nature. Such amounts
may not be representative of future operations.
Historical financial statements representing financial position,
results of operations and cash flows required by generally
accepted accounting principles are not presented as such
information is not readily available on an individual property
basis, and full historical financial statements are not relevant
since the Net Profits Interest will be valued by the Trust at
Whitings historical cost. Accordingly, the statements of
historical revenues and direct operating expenses are presented
in accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin
Topic 2-D,
Financial Statements of Oil and Gas Exchange Offers.
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with
generally accepted accounting principles requires management to
make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts
of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets
and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the
reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting
period. Items subject to such estimates and assumptions include
accrued revenue and expenses and oil and gas reserves, which are
used to derive the standardized measure of discounted future net
cash flows. Although management believes these estimates are
reasonable, actual results could differ from these estimates.
The accompanying statements of historical revenues and direct
operating expenses for the nine months ended September 30,
2006 and 2007 are unaudited. In the opinion of management, the
accompanying financial statements include all adjustments
necessary to present fairly, in all material respects, the
underlying properties historical results.
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3.
|
DISCLOSURES
ABOUT OIL AND GAS ACTIVITIES (UNAUDITED)
|
The estimates of proved reserves and related valuations were
based on reports prepared by the Companys independent
petroleum engineers Cawley, Gillespie & Associates,
Inc, as well as Whitings engineering staff. Proved reserve
estimates included herein conform to the definitions prescribed
by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. The
estimates of proved reserves are inherently imprecise and are
continually subject
F-4
UNDERLYING
PROPERTIES
NOTES TO
STATEMENTS OF HISTORICAL REVENUES
AND
DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES (Continued)
to revision based on production history, results of additional
exploration and development, price changes and other factors.
As of December 31, 2006, all of the underlying
properties oil and gas reserves are attributable to
properties within the United States. A summary of the changes in
quantities of proved oil and gas reserves for the years ended
December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006, are as follows:
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Natural Gas
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|
Oil (Mbbl)
|
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|
(MMcf)
|
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|
Balance January 1, 2004
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|
7,295
|
|
|
|
35,579
|
|
Revisions to previous estimates
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1,320
|
|
|
|
460
|
|
Purchases of minerals in place
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1,240
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|
5,615
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|
Extensions and discoveries
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|
27
|
|
|
|
6,420
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|
Production
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|
(827
|
)
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|
|
(4,268
|
)
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Balance December 31, 2004
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9,055
|
|
|
|
43,806
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|
Revisions to previous estimates
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|
|
(207
|
)
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|
|
(4,198
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)
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Purchases of minerals in place
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2,014
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|
|
|
3,134
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|
Extensions and discoveries
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|
80
|
|
|
|
1,345
|
|
Production
|
|
|
(893
|
)
|
|
|
(5,082
|
)
|
|
|
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|
|
|
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|
Balance December 31, 2005
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|
|
10,049
|
|
|
|
39,005
|
|
Revisions to previous estimates
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|
|
(657
|
)
|
|
|
(5,080
|
)
|
Purchases of minerals in place
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|
|
365
|
|
|
|
1,497
|
|
Extensions and discoveries
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|
|
44
|
|
|
|
1,525
|
|
Production
|
|
|
(946
|
)
|
|
|
(5,057
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
Balance December 31, 2006
|
|
|
8,855
|
|
|
|
31,890
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proved developed reserves:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2004
|
|
|
9,037
|
|
|
|
43,795
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2005
|
|
|
10,027
|
|
|
|
38,989
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2006
|
|
|
8,849
|
|
|
|
31,546
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows
relating to proved oil and gas reserves and the changes in
standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows
relating to proved oil and gas reserves were prepared in
accordance with the provisions of Statement of Financial
Accounting Standard No. 69, Disclosures about Oil
and Gas Producing Activities. Future cash inflows were
computed by applying prices at year end to estimated future
production. Future production and development costs are computed
by estimating the expenditures to be incurred in developing and
producing the proved oil and gas reserves at year end, based on
year-end costs and assuming continuation of existing economic
conditions.
F-5
UNDERLYING
PROPERTIES
NOTES TO
STATEMENTS OF HISTORICAL REVENUES
AND
DIRECT OPERATING EXPENSES (Continued)
The standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows
relating to proved oil and gas reserves are as follows:
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
2004
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
Future cash inflows
|
|
$
|
549,561,206
|
|
|
$
|
779,059,917
|
|
|
$
|
581,795,502
|
|
Future production costs
|
|
|
(210,154,598
|
)
|
|
|
(279,380,789
|
)
|
|
|
(242,881,527
|
)
|
Future development costs
|
|
|
(633,551
|
)
|
|
|
(547,385
|
)
|
|
|
(1,001,883
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Future net cash flows
|
|
|
338,773,057
|
|
|
|
499,131,743
|
|
|
|
337,912,092
|
|
10% annual discount for estimated timing of cash flows
|
|
|
(136,717,062
|
)
|
|
|
(220,438,438
|
)
|
|
|
(138,248,412
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows
|
|
$
|
202,055,995
|
|
|
$
|
278,693,305
|
|
|
$
|
199,663,680
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The changes in standardized measure of discounted future net
cash flows relating to proved oil and gas reserves are as
follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
|
2004
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
Beginning of year
|
|
$
|
137,099,933
|
|
|
$
|
202,055,995
|
|
|
$
|
278,693,305
|
|
Sale of oil and gas produced, net of production costs
|
|
|
(39,190,773
|
)
|
|
|
(57,850,949
|
)
|
|
|
(56,710,511
|
)
|
Net changes in prices and production costs
|
|
|
35,657,031
|
|
|
|
86,747,963
|
|
|
|
(42,923,944
|
)
|
Extensions, discoveries and improved recovery less related costs
|
|
|
12,873,838
|
|
|
|
4,326,078
|
|
|
|
3,512,988
|
|
Changes in estimated future development costs, net
|
|
|
(19,082
|
)
|
|
|
30,323
|
|
|
|
(301,362
|
)
|
Purchases of minerals in place
|
|
|
25,534,481
|
|
|
|
36,073,563
|
|
|
|
7,240,015
|
|
Revisions of previous quantity estimates
|
|
|
16,390,574
|
|
|
|
(12,895,268
|
)
|
|
|
(17,716,142
|
)
|
Accretion of discount
|
|
|
13,709,993
|
|
|
|
20,205,600
|
|
|
|
27,869,331
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
End of year
|
|
$
|
202,055,995
|
|
|
$
|
278,693,305
|
|
|
$
|
199,663,680
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average prices in effect at December 31, 2004, 2005 and
2006 used in determining future cash inflows related to the
standardized measure calculation are as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2004
|
|
|
2005
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
Oil (per Bbl)
|
|
$
|
38.94
|
|
|
$
|
54.75
|
|
|
$
|
53.18
|
|
Gas (per Mcf)
|
|
$
|
5.44
|
|
|
$
|
7.37
|
|
|
$
|
4.85
|
|
F-6
Report
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Unitholders of
Whiting USA Trust I
Denver, Colorado
We have audited the accompanying statement of assets and trust
corpus of Whiting USA Trust I (the Trust) as of
November 16, 2007. This financial statement is the
responsibility of the Trusts management. Our
responsibility is to express an opinion on this financial
statement based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those
standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the statement of assets and
trust corpus is free of material misstatement. The Trust is not
required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of
its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit
included consideration of internal control over financial
reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are
appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of
expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Trusts
internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we
express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a
test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in
the statement of assets and trust corpus, assessing the
accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall statement of
assets and trust corpus presentation. We believe that our audit
provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
As described in Note 2 to the statement of assets and trust
corpus, this statement has been prepared on a modified cash
basis of accounting, which is a comprehensive basis of
accounting other than accounting principles generally accepted
in the United States of America.
In our opinion, the statement of assets and trust corpus
presents fairly, in all material respects, the financial
position of Whiting USA Trust I as of November 16,
2007, on the basis of accounting described in Note 2.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
Denver, Colorado
November 16, 2007
F-7
STATEMENT
OF ASSETS AND TRUST CORPUS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
November 16, 2007
|
|
ASSETS
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
|
|
$
|
10
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TRUST CORPUS
|
|
|
|
|
Trust Corpus
|
|
$
|
10
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of this financial
statement.
F-8
NOTES TO
STATEMENT OF ASSETS AND TRUST CORPUS
|
|
1.
|
ORGANIZATION
OF THE TRUST
|
Whiting USA Trust I (the Trust) is a statutory
trust formed on October 18, 2007, under the Delaware
Statutory Trust Act pursuant to a Trust Agreement (the
Trust Agreement) among Whiting Oil and Gas
Corporation and Equity Oil Company (collectively referred to as
Whiting) as trustor, The Bank of New York
Trust Company, N.A., as Trustee (the Trustee),
and Wilmington Trust Company, as Delaware Trustee (the
Delaware Trustee). The initial capitalization of the
Trust estate was funded by Whiting on November 16, 2007.
The Trust was created to acquire and hold a term net profits
interest for the benefit of the Trust unitholders pursuant to a
conveyance from Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation and Equity Oil
Company, which are subsidiaries of Whiting Petroleum Corporation
(the Trust Partners), to the Trust. The term net
profits interest is an interest in underlying properties
consisting of the Trusts net interests in all of its oil
and natural gas properties located in the Rocky Mountains,
Mid-Continent, Permian Basin and Gulf Coast regions (the
underlying properties). These oil and gas properties
include interests in approximately 3,000 producing oil and gas
wells.
The net profits interest is passive in nature and the Trustee
will have no management control over and no responsibility
relating to the operation of the underlying properties. The net
profits interest entitles the Trust to receive 90% of the net
proceeds attributable to the Trusts interest from the sale
of production from the underlying properties. The net profits
interest will terminate when 9.04 million barrels of oil
equivalent have been produced from the underlying properties and
sold, and the Trust will soon thereafter wind up its affairs and
terminate.
The Trustee can authorize the Trust to borrow money to pay trust
administrative or incidental expenses that exceed cash held by
the Trust. The Trustee may authorize the Trust to borrow from
the Trustee or the Delaware Trustee as a lender provided the
terms of the loan are similar to the terms it would grant to a
similarly situated commercial customer with whom it did not have
a fiduciary relationship. The Trustee may also deposit funds
awaiting distribution in an account with itself and make other
short term investments with the funds distributed to the Trust.
|
|
2.
|
SUMMARY
OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
|
Basis of Accounting The Trust uses the
modified cash basis of accounting to report Trust receipts of
the term net profits interest and payments of expenses incurred.
The term net profits interest is revenues (oil, gas and natural
gas liquid sales) less expenses (the amount by which all
royalties, lease operating expenses including well workover
costs, production and property taxes, payments made by Whiting
to hedge counterparties upon settlements of hedge contracts,
maintenance expenses, postproduction costs including plugging
and abandonment, and producing overhead, exceed hedge payments
received by Whiting under hedge contracts and other
non-production revenue) of the underlying properties times 90%
(term net profits interest percentage). Actual cash receipts may
vary due to timing delays of actual cash receipts from the
property operators or purchasers and due to wellhead and
pipeline volume balancing agreements or practices. The actual
cash distributions of the Trust will be made based on the terms
of the conveyance creating the Trusts net profits interest
which is on a modified cash basis of accounting.
The financial statements of the Trust as prepared on a modified
cash basis reflect the Trusts assets, liabilities, corpus,
earnings, and distributions, as follows:
|
|
|
|
a.
|
Revenues are recorded when received and distributions to Trust
unitholders are recorded when paid.
|
|
|
b.
|
Trust expenses (which included accounting, engineering, legal,
and other professional fees, Trustees fees, and
out-of-pocket expenses) are recorded when paid.
|
F-9
WHITING
USA TRUST I
NOTES TO
STATEMENT OF ASSETS AND TRUST CORPUS
(Continued)
|
|
|
|
c.
|
Cash reserves may be established by the Trustee for certain
contingencies that would not be recorded under generally
accepted accounting principles.
|
|
|
|
|
d.
|
Amortization of the investment in net profits interest is
calculated based on the units of production method. Such
amortization is charged directly to the Trust corpus, and does
not affect cash earnings. The Trust evaluates impairment of the
investment in net profits interest by comparing the undiscounted
cash flows expected to be realized from the investment in net
profits interest to the carrying value, pursuant to Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards No. 144 Accounting
for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets
(SFAS 144). If the expected future undiscounted
cash flows are less than the carrying value, the Trust
recognizes an impairment loss for the difference between the
carrying value and the estimated fair value of the investment in
net profits interest.
|
While these statements differ from financial statements prepared
in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in
the United States of America (GAAP), the modified
cash basis of reporting revenues and distributions is considered
to be the most meaningful because quarterly distributions to the
Trust unitholders are based on net cash receipts. This
comprehensive basis of accounting other than GAAP corresponds to
the accounting permitted for royalty trusts by the
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission as specified by
Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 12:E, Financial
Statements of Royalty Trusts.
Most accounting pronouncements apply to entities whose financial
statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP, directing such
entities to accrue or defer revenues and expenses in a period
other than when such revenues were received or expenses were
paid. Because the Trusts financial statements are prepared
on the modified cash basis, as described above, most accounting
pronouncements are not applicable to the Trusts financial
statements.
The Trust is a grantor trust and as such is not subject to
income taxes, and accordingly no recognition has been given to
income taxes in the Trusts financial statements. The Trust
unitholders are treated as the owners of Trust income and
corpus, and the entire taxable income of the Trust will be
reported by the Trust unitholders on their respective tax
returns.
|
|
4.
|
DISTRIBUTIONS
TO UNITHOLDERS
|
Actual cash distributions to the Trust unitholders will depend
upon the quantity of oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids
produced from the underlying properties, the prices received for
oil, natural gas and natural gas liquid production and other
factors. It is expected that quarterly cash distributions during
the term of the Trust will be made by the Trustee no later than
60 days following the end of each quarter (or the next
succeeding business day) to the Trust unitholders of record on
the 50th day following the end of each quarter. Such
amounts will be equal to the excess, if any, of the cash
received by the Trust during the preceding quarter, over the
liabilities of the Trust paid during such quarter, subject to
adjustments for changes made by the Trustee during such quarter
in any cash reserves established for future liabilities of the
Trust.
F-10
UNAUDITED
PRO FORMA FINANCIAL INFORMATION
The following unaudited pro forma statement of assets and trust
corpus and unaudited pro forma statements of distributable
income for the Trust have been prepared to illustrate the
conveyance of the term net profits interest in the underlying
properties to the Trust by Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation and
Equity Oil Company. The unaudited pro forma statement of assets
and trust corpus presents the statement of assets and trust
corpus of the Trust as of September 30, 2007, giving effect
to the net profits interest conveyance as if it occurred on
September 30, 2007. The unaudited pro forma statements of
distributable income for the year ended December 31, 2006
and the nine months ended September 30, 2007, give effect
to the net profits interest conveyance as if it occurred on
January 1, 2006, reflecting only pro forma adjustments
expected to have a continuing impact on the combined results.
These unaudited pro forma financial statements are for
informational purposes only. They do not purport to present the
results that would have actually occurred had the net profits
interest conveyance been completed on the assumed dates or for
the periods presented, or which may be realized in the future.
To produce the pro forma financial information, management made
certain estimates. The accompanying unaudited pro forma
statement of assets and trust corpus assumes an
September 30, 2007 issuance
of
trust units at $ per unit. The
accompanying unaudited pro forma statements of distributable
income for the year ended December 31, 2006 and the nine
months ended September 30, 2007 have been prepared assuming
trust formation and net profits interest conveyance on
January 1, 2006.
These estimates are based on the most recently available
information. To the extent there are significant changes in
these amounts, the assumptions and estimates herein could change
significantly. The unaudited pro forma statement of assets and
trust corpus and unaudited pro forma statements of distributable
income should be read in conjunction with Discussion and
Analysis of Historical Results of the Underlying
Properties and the historical audited statements of the
Trust and the Underlying Properties, including the related
notes, included in this prospectus and elsewhere in the
registration statement.
F-11
WHITING
USA TRUST I
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA STATEMENTS OF ASSETS AND
TRUST CORPUS
September 30, 2007
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Adjustments
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Historical
|
|
|
(Note 5)
|
|
|
Pro Forma
|
|
|
ASSETS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
10
|
(a)
|
|
$
|
10
|
|
Investment in Net Profits Interest
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
107,639,915
|
(b)
|
|
|
107,639,915
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
107,639,925
|
|
|
$
|
107,639,925
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
TRUST CORPUS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trust Units Issued and Outstanding
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
107,639,925
|
(a)(b)
|
|
$
|
107,639,925
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited pro
forma financial information.
F-12
UNAUDITED
PRO FORMA STATEMENTS OF DISTRIBUTABLE INCOME
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine months
|
|
|
|
Year ended
|
|
|
ended
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
Historical results
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income from Net Profits Interest
|
|
$
|
51,039,460
|
|
|
$
|
36,510,261
|
|
Pro Forma Adjustments
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less trust general and administrative expenses (Note 5)
|
|
|
(200,000
|
)(c)
|
|
|
(150,000
|
)(c)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distributable income
|
|
|
50,839,460
|
|
|
|
36,360,261
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distributable income per unit
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
$
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trust Units Outstanding
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited pro
forma financial information.
F-13
WHITING
USA TRUST I
NOTES TO UNAUDITED PRO FORMA FINANCIAL
INFORMATION
Whiting USA Trust I (the Trust) will own a term
net profits interest in oil and gas producing properties located
in the Rocky Mountains, Mid-Continent, Permian Basin and Gulf
Coast regions of the United States, and owned by Whiting Oil and
Gas Corporation and Equity Oil Company, which are subsidiaries
of Whiting Petroleum Corporation (the Trust
Partners). The term net profits interest entitles the
Trust to receive 90% of the net proceeds attributable to the
Trust Partners interest from the sale of oil and gas
production from these properties. The net profits interest will
terminate when 9.04 million barrels of oil equivalent have
been produced from the underlying properties and sold, and the
Trust will soon thereafter wind up its affairs and terminate.
The unaudited pro forma financial information assumes the
issuance of trust units at
$ per unit.
The Trust was formed on October 18, 2007 under Delaware law
to acquire and hold the net profits interest for the benefit of
the holders of the Trust units. The net profits interest is
passive in nature and the Trustee will have no management
control over and no responsibility relating to the operation of
the underlying properties.
|
|
2.
|
TRUST ACCOUNTING
POLICIES
|
These unaudited pro forma statements were prepared using the
accrual basis information from the historical revenue and direct
operating expenses of the underlying properties. The Trust uses
the modified cash basis of accounting to report Trust receipts
of the term net profits interest and payments of expenses
incurred. Actual cash receipts may vary due to timing delays of
actual cash receipts from the property operators or purchasers
and due to wellhead and pipeline volume balancing agreements or
practices. The actual cash distributions of the Trust will be
made based on the terms of the conveyance creating the
Trusts net profits interest which is on a modified cash
basis of accounting.
Investment in the net profits interest is recorded initially at
the historic cost of the Trust Partners in accordance with
Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 5.G, Transfers of
Nonmonetary Assets By Promoters Or Shareholders, and is
periodically assessed to determine whether its aggregate value
has been impaired below its total capitalized cost based on the
underlying properties. The Trust will provide a write-down to
its investment in the net profits interest to the extent that
total capitalized costs, less accumulated depreciation,
depletion and amortization, exceed undiscounted future net
revenues attributable to the proved oil and gas reserves of the
underlying properties.
The Trust Partners believe that the assumptions used
provide a reasonable basis for presenting the significant
effects directly attributable to this transaction.
This unaudited pro forma financial information should be read in
conjunction with the statements of historical revenues and
direct operating expenses for underlying properties and related
notes for the periods presented.
The Trust is a Delaware statutory trust and is not required to
pay federal or state income taxes. Accordingly, no provision for
Federal or state income taxes has been made.
F-14
WHITING
USA TRUST I
NOTES TO
UNAUDITED PRO FORMA FINANCIAL
INFORMATION (Continued)
|
|
4.
|
INCOME
FROM NET PROFITS INTEREST
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine months
|
|
|
|
Year ended
|
|
|
ended
|
|
|
|
December 31,
|
|
|
September 30,
|
|
|
|
2006
|
|
|
2007
|
|
|
Excess of revenues over direct operating expenses of Underlying
Properties
|
|
$
|
56,710,511
|
|
|
$
|
40,566,957
|
|
Times net profits interest over the term of the Trust
|
|
|
90
|
%
|
|
|
90
|
%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income from net profits interest
|
|
$
|
51,039,460
|
|
|
$
|
36,510,261
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a) The Trust Partners transferred $10 to the Trust
on November 16, 2007, constituting the initial
capitalization of the Trust estate.
(b) The Trust Partners will convey the net
profits interest to the Trust in exchange
for
trust units.
The net profits interest is recorded at the historical cost of
the Trust Partners and is calculated as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
Oil and gas properties
|
|
$
|
167,860,938
|
|
Accumulated depreciation and depletion
|
|
|
(48,261,032
|
)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net predecessor cost of property conveyed
|
|
|
119,599,906
|
|
Times 90% net profits interest to Trust
|
|
$
|
107,639,915
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(c) The Trust will pay an annual administrative fee
to the Trust Partners, which fee will total $200,000.
Additionally, the Trust estimates
incurring $900,000 annually for general and administrative
expenses, which includes the annual administrative fee to the
Trust Partners, legal fees, accounting fees, engineering fees,
printing costs and other expenses properly chargeable to the
Trust. If the estimated expenses were included in the unaudited
pro forma statements of distributable income, the distributable
income would be $50,139,460, or
$ per unit for the year ended
December 31, 2006 and $35,835,261 or
$ per unit for the
nine months ended September 30, 2007.
F-15
November 8, 2007
Whiting USA Trust I
1700 Broadway, Suite 2300
Denver, Colorado
80290-2300
|
|
|
|
Re:
|
Evaluation Summary SEC
Price
Whiting USA Trust I Interests
Proved Producing Reserves
Certain Properties Located in Various States
As of September 30, 2007
|
Pursuant to the Guidelines of
the Securities and
Exchange Commission for Reporting Corporate
Reserves and Future Net Revenue
Gentlemen:
As requested, we are submitting our estimates of proved
producing reserves and forecasts of economics attributable to
the underlying properties, from which a net profits interest
will be formed and then conveyed by subsidiaries of Whiting
Petroleum Corporation to the Whiting USA Trust I. These
certain oil properties are located in North Dakota, Texas,
Oklahoma, Arkansas, Montana, Wyoming, Michigan, New Mexico,
Alabama, Louisiana, Colorado, Kansas, Utah and Mississippi. Also
included in the table below are the proved reserves attributable
to the same underlying properties estimated to be produced by
December 31, 2017. This report includes results for an SEC
pricing scenario. The results of this evaluation are presented
in the accompanying tabulations, with a composite summary
presented below:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proved Developed Producing
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Underlying Properties
|
|
|
|
|
|
Underlying
|
|
|
Reserves Estimated to be Produced
|
|
|
|
|
|
Properties
|
|
|
By December 31,
|
|
Net Reserves
|
|
|
|
Full Economic Life
|
|
|
2017
|
|
|
Oil
|
|
Mbbl
|
|
|
8,346.6
|
|
|
|
5,469.4
|
|
Gas
|
|
MMcf
|
|
|
27,081.7
|
|
|
|
19,891.1
|
|
NGL
|
|
Mbbl
|
|
|
316.2
|
|
|
|
260.5
|
|
Equivalent*
|
|
Mbbl
|
|
|
13,176.4
|
|
|
|
9,045.1
|
|
Revenue
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil
|
|
M$
|
|
|
612,206.6
|
|
|
|
401,278.8
|
|
Gas
|
|
M$
|
|
|
155,221.6
|
|
|
|
115,068.0
|
|
NGL
|
|
M$
|
|
|
15,344.1
|
|
|
|
12,694.9
|
|
Other
|
|
M$
|
|
|
0.0
|
|
|
|
0.0
|
|
Severance Taxes
|
|
M$
|
|
|
60,211.0
|
|
|
|
40,294.5
|
|
Ad Valorem Taxes
|
|
M$
|
|
|
9,355.3
|
|
|
|
6,010.0
|
|
Operating Expenses
|
|
M$
|
|
|
298,151.3
|
|
|
|
172,655.1
|
|
Investments
|
|
M$
|
|
|
0.0
|
|
|
|
0.0
|
|
Net Operating Income
|
|
M$
|
|
|
415,054.7
|
|
|
|
310,082.0
|
|
Discounted @ 10%
|
|
M$
|
|
|
243,535.5
|
|
|
|
220,534.6
|
|
|
|
* |
Calculated based on an energy equivalent that one Bbl of crude
oil equals six Mcf of natural gas and one Bbl of crude oil
equals one Bbl of natural gas liquids.
|
The discounted cash flow value shown above should not be
construed to represent an estimate of the fair market value by
Cawley, Gillespie & Associates, Inc.
A-1
Whiting USA
Trust I
November 8, 2007
Page 2
Hydrocarbon
Pricing
As requested for the SEC scenario, initial oil and gas prices of
$81.66 per bbl Nymex WTI and $6.15 per MMbtu Nymex Henry Hub
were adjusted individually to WTI posted pricing at $78.40 per
bbl and Houston Ship Channel pricing at $6.085 per MMBtu, as of
September 30, 2007. Prices were not escalated in the SEC
scenario. Oil price differentials, gas price differentials and
heating values were applied as furnished by your office.
Expenses
and Taxes
Lease operating expenses and Ad Valorem tax values were forecast
as provided by your office. Lease operating expenses were held
constant in accordance with SEC guidelines. Severance tax rates
were applied at normal state percentages of oil and gas revenue.
Miscellaneous
An on-site
field inspection of the properties has not been performed. The
mechanical operation or conditions of the wells and their
related facilities have not been examined nor have
the wells been tested by Cawley, Gillespie &
Associates, Inc. Possible environmental liability related to the
properties has not been investigated nor considered. The cost of
plugging and the salvage value of equipment at abandonment have
not been included.
The proved reserve classifications used conform to the criteria
of the Securities and Exchange Commission
(SEC). The reserves and economics are predicated
on regulatory agency classifications, rules, policies, laws,
taxes and royalties in effect as noted herein. The possible
effects of changes in legislation or other Federal or State
restrictive actions have not been considered. All reserve
estimates represent our best judgment based on data available at
the time of preparation, and assumptions as to future economic
and regulatory conditions. It should be realized that the
reserves actually recovered, the revenue derived therefrom and
the actual cost incurred could be more or less than the
estimated amounts.
The reserve estimates were based on interpretations of factual
data furnished by your office. Production data, gas prices, gas
price differentials, expense data, tax values and ownership
interests were also supplied by you and were accepted as
furnished. To some extent information from public records has
been used to check
and/or
supplement these data. The basic engineering and geological data
were subject to third party reservations and qualifications.
Nothing has come to our attention, however, that would cause us
to believe that we are not justified in relying on such data.
Yours very truly,
Cawley, Gillespie & Associates, Inc.
A-2
Until ,
2008 (25 days after the date of this prospectus), federal
securities laws may require all dealers that effect transactions
in the trust units, whether or not participating in this
offering, to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to the
dealers obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as
underwriters and with respect to their unsold allotments or
subscriptions.
Trust Units
WHITING USA
TRUST I
PROSPECTUS
RAYMOND JAMES
,
2008
PART II
INFORMATION
NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
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Item 13.
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Other
Expenses Of Issuance And Distribution
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Set forth below are the expenses (other than underwriting
discounts and commissions) expected to be incurred in connection
with the issuance and distribution of the securities registered
hereby all of which will be paid for by Whiting Petroleum
Corporation. With the exception of the Securities and Exchange
Commission registration fee, the FINRA filing and the NYSE
listing fee, the amounts set forth below are estimates.
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|
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Registration fee
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$
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5,986.50
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FINRA filing fee
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|
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19,705.00
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NYSE listing fee
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|
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*
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Printing and engraving expenses
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|
|
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*
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Fees and expenses of legal counsel
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*
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Accounting fees and expenses
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*
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Transfer agent and registrar fees
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|
|
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*
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Trustee fees and expenses
|
|
|
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*
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Miscellaneous
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|
|
*
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|
|
|
|
|
Total
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$
|
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*
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
* |
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To be provided by amendment. |
|
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Item 14.
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Indemnification
Of Directors And Officers.
|
The trust agreement provides that the trustee and its officers,
agents and employees shall be indemnified from the assets of the
trust against and from any and all liabilities, expenses,
claims, damages or loss incurred by it individually or as
trustee in the administration of the trust and the trust assets,
including, without limitation, any liability, expenses, claims,
damages or loss arising out of or in connection with any
liability under environmental laws, or in the doing of any act
done or performed or omission occurring on account of it being
trustee or acting in such capacity, except such liability,
expense, claims, damages or loss as to which it is liable under
the trust agreement. In this regard, the trustee shall be liable
only for fraud or gross negligence or for acts or omissions in
bad faith and shall not be liable for any act or omission of any
agent or employee unless the trustee has acted in bad faith or
with gross negligence in the selection and retention of such
agent or employee. The trustee is entitled to indemnification
from the assets of the trust and shall have a lien on the assets
of the trust to secure it for the foregoing indemnification.
Under the provisions of Section 145 of the Delaware General
Corporation Law, Whiting Petroleum Corporation (the
Company) is required to indemnify any present or former
officer or director against expenses arising out of legal
proceedings in which the director or officer becomes involved by
reason of being a director or officer if the director or officer
is successful in the defense of such proceedings.
Section 145 also provides that the Company may indemnify a
director or officer in connection with a proceeding in which he
is not successful in defending if it is determined that he acted
in good faith and in a manner reasonably believed to be in or
not opposed to the best interests of the Company or, in the case
of a criminal action, if it is determined that he had no
reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful.
Liabilities for which a director or officer may be indemnified
include amounts paid in satisfaction of settlements, judgments,
fines and other expenses (including attorneys fees
incurred in connection with such proceedings). In a stockholder
derivative action, no indemnification may be paid in respect of
any claim, issue or matter as to which the director or officer
has been adjudged to be liable to the Company (except for
expenses allowed by a court).
The Companys Amended and Restated Certificate of
Incorporation provides for indemnification of directors and
officers of the Company to the full extent permitted by
applicable law. Under the provisions of the Companys
Amended and Restated By-laws, the Company is required to
indemnify officers or directors to
II-1
a greater extent than under the current provisions of
Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law. Except
with respect to stockholder derivative actions, the By-law
provisions generally state that the director or officer will be
indemnified against expenses, amounts paid in settlement and
judgments, fines, penalties
and/or other
amounts incurred with respect to any threatened, pending or
completed proceeding, provided that (i) such person acted
in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to
be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company, and
(ii) with respect to any criminal action or proceeding,
such person had no reasonable cause to believe his or her
conduct was unlawful.
The foregoing standards also apply with respect to the
indemnification of expenses incurred in a stockholder derivative
suit. However, a director or officer may only be indemnified for
settlement amounts or judgments incurred in a derivative suit to
the extent that the Court of Chancery or the court in which such
action or suit was brought shall determine upon application
that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all
the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and
reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses which the
Court of Chancery or such other court shall deem proper.
In accordance with the Delaware General Corporation Law, the
Companys Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation
contains a provision to limit the personal liability of the
directors of the Company for violations of their fiduciary duty.
This provision eliminates each directors liability to the
Company or its stockholders, for monetary damages except
(i) for breach of the directors duty of loyalty to
the Company or its stockholders, (ii) for acts or omissions
not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a
knowing violation of law, (iii) under Section 174 of
the Delaware General Corporation Law providing for liability of
directors for unlawful payment of dividends or unlawful stock
purchases or redemptions or (iv) for any transaction from
which a director derived an improper personal benefit. The
effect of this provision is to eliminate the personal liability
of directors for monetary damages for actions involving a breach
of their fiduciary duty of care, including any such actions
involving gross negligence.
The Company maintains insurance policies that provide coverage
to its directors and officers against certain liabilities.
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Item 15.
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Recent
Sales Of Unregistered Securities.
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None.
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Item 16.
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Exhibits
and Financial Statement Schedules.
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(a) Exhibits. The exhibits listed in the
accompanying Exhibit Index are filed or incorporated by
reference as part of this Registration Statement.
(b) Financial Statement Schedules. No
financial statement schedules are required to be included
herewith or they have been omitted because the information
required to be set forth therein is not applicable.
The undersigned Registrants hereby undertake that, for purposes
of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933,
each filing of Registrants annual report pursuant to
Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit
plans annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that is incorporated by
reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a
new registration statement relating to the securities offered
therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall
be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
The undersigned Registrants hereby undertake to provide to the
underwriters at the closing specified in the underwriting
agreement certificates in such denominations and registered in
such names as required by the underwriters to permit prompt
delivery to each purchaser
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the
Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors,
officers and controlling persons of each Registrant pursuant to
the foregoing provisions, or otherwise,
II-2
each Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the
Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is
against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933
and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for
indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment
by a Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director,
officer or controlling person of a Registrant in the successful
defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such
director, officer or controlling person in connection with the
securities being registered, that Registrant will, unless in the
opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by
controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate
jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is
against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933
and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes
of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933,
the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as
part of this Registration Statement in reliance upon
Rule 430A and contained in the form of prospectus filed by
the Registrants pursuant to Rule 424(b) (1) or
(4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to
be part of this Registration Statement as of the time it was
declared effective.
The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for the
purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of
1933, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of
prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement
relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of
such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial
bona fide offering thereof.
The undersigned Registrants hereby undertake to send to each
trust unitholder at least on an annual basis a detailed
statement of any transactions with the trustees or their
respective affiliates, and of fees, commissions, compensation
and other benefits paid, or accrued to the trustees or their
respective affiliates for the fiscal year completed, showing the
amount paid or accrued to each recipient and the services
performed. The undersigned Registrants hereby undertake to
provide to the trust unitholders the financial statements
required by
Form 10-K
for the first full fiscal year of operations of the trust.
II-3
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the
Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe
that it meets all of the requirements for filing on
Form S-3
and has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on
its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the
City of Denver, State of Colorado, on November 20, 2007.
WHITING PETROLEUM CORPORATION
James J. Volker
Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons
in the capacities on November 20, 2007.
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Signature
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Title
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/s/ James
J. Volker
James
J. Volker
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Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer and Director
(Principal Executive Officer)
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/s/ Michael
J. Stevens
Michael
J. Stevens
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Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial
Officer)
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/s/ Brent
P. Jensen
Brent
P. Jensen
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Controller and Treasurer (Principal Accounting Officer)
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*
Thomas
L. Aller
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Director
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*
D.
Sherwin Artus
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Director
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*
Thomas
P. Briggs
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Director
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*
William
N. Hahne
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Director
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*
Graydon
D. Hubbard
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Director
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*
Palmer
L. Moe
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Director
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*
Kenneth
R. Whiting
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Director
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*By
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/s/ James
J. Volker
James
J. Volker
Attorney-in-fact
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S-1
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the
Registrant has duly caused this registration statement to be
signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly
authorized, in the City of Denver, State of Colorado, on
November 20, 2007.
WHITING USA TRUST I
By: WHITING PETROLEUM CORPORATION
James J. Volker
Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer
S-2
EXHIBIT INDEX
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Exhibit
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Number
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Document Description
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(1)
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Form of Underwriting Agreement.*
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(3.1)
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Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Whiting
Petroleum Corporation [Incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 3.1 to Whiting Petroleum Corporations
Registration Statement on
Form S-1
(Registration
No. 333-107341)].
|
(3.2)
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|
Amended and Restated By-laws of Whiting Petroleum Corporation
[Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Whiting
Petroleum Corporations Current Report on
Form 8-K
dated February 23, 2006 (File
No. 001-31899)].
|
(3.3)
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|
Certificate of Designations of the Board of Directors
Establishing the Series and Fixing the Relative Rights and
Preferences of Series A Junior Participating Preferred
Stock [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Whiting
Petroleum Corporations Current Report on
Form 8-K
dated February 23, 2006 (File
No. 001-31899)].
|
(3.4)
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|
Certificate of Trust of Whiting USA Trust I.
|
(3.5)
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|
Trust Agreement dated October 18, 2007 among Whiting
Oil and Gas Corporation, Equity Oil Company, Bank of New York
Trust Company, N.A. and Wilmington Trust Company.
|
(3.6)
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|
Form of Amended and Restated Trust Agreement among Whiting
Oil and Gas Corporation, Equity Oil Company, Bank of New York
Trust Company, N.A. and Wilmington Trust Company.*
|
(4.1)
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|
Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of
August 31, 2005, among Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation,
Whiting Petroleum Corporation, the financial institutions listed
therein and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent
[Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4 to Whiting
Petroleum Corporations Current Report on
Form 8-K
dated August 31, 2005 (File
No. 001-31899)].
|
(4.2)
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|
Indenture, dated May 11, 2004, by and among Whiting
Petroleum Corporation, Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation, Whiting
Programs, Inc., Equity Oil Company and J.P. Morgan
Trust Company, National Association [Incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Whiting Petroleum
Corporations Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q
for the quarter ended March 31, 2004 (File
No. 001-31899)].
|
(4.3)
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|
Subordinated Indenture, dated as of April 19, 2005, by and
among Whiting Petroleum Corporation, Whiting Oil and Gas
Corporation, Whiting Programs, Inc., Equity Oil Company and
J.P. Morgan Trust Company, National Association
[Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 to Whiting
Petroleum Corporations Registration Statement on
Form S-3
(Reg.
No. 333-121615)].
|
(4.4)
|
|
First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of April 19, 2005,
by and among Whiting Petroleum Corporation, Whiting Oil and Gas
Corporation, Equity Oil Company, Whiting Programs, Inc. and
J.P. Morgan Trust Company, National Association
[Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Whiting
Petroleum Corporations Current Report on
Form 8-K
dated April 11, 2005 (File
No. 001-31899)].
|
(4.5)
|
|
Indenture, dated October 4, 2005, by and among Whiting
Petroleum Corporation, Whiting Oil and Gas Corporation, Whiting
Programs, Inc. and JP Morgan Trust Company, National
Association [Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to
Whiting Petroleum Corporations Current Report on
Form 8-K
dated October 4, 2005 (File
No. 001-31899)].
|
(4.6)
|
|
Rights Agreement, dated as of February 23, 2006, between
Whiting Petroleum Corporation and Computershare
Trust Company, Inc. [Incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 4.1 to Whiting Petroleum Corporations Current
Report on
Form 8-K
dated February 23, 2006 (File
No. 001-31899)].
|
(5.1)
|
|
Opinion of Richards, Layton & Finger, P.A. relating to
the validity of the trust units.*
|
(8.1)
|
|
Opinion of Foley & Lardner LLP relating to tax
matters.*
|
(10.1)
|
|
Form of Conveyance of Net Profits Interest and Pre-Effective
Time Payment.*
|
(10.2)
|
|
Form of Administrative Services Agreement.*
|
(10.3)
|
|
Registration Rights Agreement.*
|
(23.1)
|
|
Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP with respect to the
Underlying Properties and Whiting USA Trust I.
|
(23.2)
|
|
Consent of Cawley, Gillespie & Associates, Inc.
|
(23.3)
|
|
Consent of R.A. Lenser & Associates, Inc.
|
(23.4)
|
|
Consent of Ryder Scott Company, L.P.
|
(23.5)
|
|
Consent of Richards, Layton & Finger, P.A.. (contained
in Exhibit 5.1)*
|
(23.6)
|
|
Consent of Foley & Lardner LLP (contained in
Exhibit 8.1)*
|
(23.7)
|
|
Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP with respect to
Whiting Petroleum Corporation.
|
(24)
|
|
Powers of Attorney.
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|
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|
* |
|
To be filed by amendment. |
E-1